The benefits of physical education for health. Why do you need physical education lessons? What is the benefits of physical culture lessons

05.07.2020 Analyzes

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Introduction

Health is an invaluable heritage of not only every person, but also in the whole society. In meetings, partings with close and expensive people, we wish them good and good health as this is the basic condition and pledge of a full-fledged and happy life. Health helps us to fulfill our plans, successfully solve the basic vital tasks, overcome difficulties, and if you have, then significant overload. Good health, reasonably saved and strengthened by the person himself, provides him with a long and active life.

Scientific evidence suggests that most people in compliance with the hygienic rules have the opportunity to live up to 100 years or more.

Unfortunately, many people do not observe the most simplest, informed science of norms. healthy image Life. Some become victims of low-alignment (hypodynamies), causing premature aging, others are excessed in food with almost inevitable in these cases by the development of obesity, sclerosis of vessels, and some - sugar diabetesThirds do not know how to relax, distract from production and domestic worries, always restless, nervous, suffer from insomnia that ultimately leads to numerous diseases of the internal organs. Some people leaving a detrimental habit of smoking and alcohol, actively shorten their lives.

1 . Physical culture and its benefit

1.1 Effect of motor activity on life expectancy

For employees of mental labor, systematic physical education and sports acquires exceptional importance. It is known that even in a healthy and unstable person, if he is not trained, leads, a sedentary, lifestyle and does not engage in physical education, breathing, heartbeat appears with the smallest physical exertion. On the contrary, the trained person easily copes with significant physical exertion. The strength and performance of the heart muscle, the main engine of blood circulation, is directly dependent on the strength and development of all muscles. Therefore, physical training, developing the muscles of the body, at the same time strengthens the heart muscle. People with the undeveloped muscles of the muscles of the heart are weak, which is detected at any physical work.

Physical education and sports are very useful and individuals of physical labor, since their work is often associated with the load of any particular muscle group, and not the whole muscles in general. Physical training strengthens and develops skeletal muscles, heart muscle, vessels, respiratory system and many other organs, which greatly facilitates the work of the circulatory apparatus, has a beneficial effect on the nervous system.

As a result of insufficient motor activity in the human body, neuropsychiatric connections are violated, laid by nature and enshrined in the process of severe physical labor, which leads to a disorder of regulating the activities of cardiovascular and other systems, impairment of metabolism and the development of degenerative diseases (atherosclerosis, etc.). For normal functioning human organism And the preservation of health is necessary a certain "dose" of motor activity. In this regard, the question arises about the so-called familiar motor activity, i.e., the activities performed in the process of everyday professional work and in everyday life. The most adequate expression of the amount of muscular work produced is the value of energy consumption.

The minimum value of the daily energy consumption required for the normal life of the body is 12-16 MJ (V. Depending on age, gender and body weight), which corresponds to 2880--3840 kcal. Of these, at least 5.0-9.0 mJ (1200-1900 kcal) should be consumed on muscle activity; The remaining energy consists of maintaining vital activity in a state of rest, normal activity of respiratory systems and blood circulation, metabolic processes, etc. (main exchange energy). In economically developed countries, over the past 100 years, the proportion of muscle work as an energy generator used by man has decreased almost 200 times, which led to a decrease in energy consumption on muscle activity (working exchange) on average up to 3.5 MJ.

A sharp restriction of motor activity in recent decades has led to a decrease in the functionality of middle-aged people. For example, the magnitude of the IPC in healthy men decreased from about 45.0 to 36.0 ml / kg. Thus, in most of the modern population of economically developed countries, the real danger of hypocinezia has emerged. Syndrome, or hypokinetic disease, is a complex of functional and organic changes and painful symptoms developing as a result of the mismatch of the activities of individual systems and the body as a whole with the external environment. The basis of the pathogenesis of this state is the violation of energy and plastic metabolism (primarily in the muscular system). The mechanism of the protective effect of intensive physical exercises is laid in the genetic code of the human body. Skeletal muscles, on average, the components of 40% of the body weight (in men) are genetically programmed by nature into severe physical work.

"Motor activity belongs to the number of main factors determining the level of metabolic processes of the organism and the condition of its bone, muscle and cardiovascular systems," wrote Academician V.V. Parin (1969). The more intense motor activities within the limits of the optimal zone, the more fully the genetic program is being implemented and the energy potential, the functional resources of the body and the lifespan increase. There are a common and special effect of exercise, as well as their indirect influence on risk factors. The most common effect of the training consists in the consumption of energy, directly proportional to the duration and intensity of muscle activity, which allows you to compensate for the deficit of energy consumption. Importance of the body's stability to the action of adverse environmental factors is also important: stressful situations, high and low temperatures, radiation, injury, hypoxia. As a result of increasing nonspecific immunity, resistance to colds increases.

However, the use of limit training loads needed in a large sport to achieve a "peak" of a sports form, often leads to the opposite effect - inhibition of immunity and increase susceptibility to infectious diseases. A similar negative effect can be obtained and in case of mass physical culture with an excessive increase in load. The special effect of the recreation training is associated with an increase in the functionality of the cardiovascular system. It lies in the economy of the heart of the heart at rest and increasing the reserve capabilities of the circulatory apparatus with muscle activity. One of the most important effects of physical training is the impairment of heart rate in peace (bradycardia) as a manifestation of cardiac economy and lower myocardial needs in oxygen. The increase in the duration of the diastole phase (relaxation) provides larger beds and the best supply of the heart muscle with oxygen. Thus, with an increase in the level of training, the need of myocardium in oxygen is reduced both in a state of rest and at submaximal loads, which indicates the economization of cardiac activity. Physical culture is the main means delaying the age deterioration of physical qualities and a reduction in the adaptive abilities of the body as a whole and the cardiovascular system in particular, inevitable in the investment process. Age changes are reflected both on the activities of the heart and in the state of peripheral vessels.

With age, the ability of the heart to maximum voltages is significantly reduced, which manifests itself in the age reducing the maximum heart rate. With age, the functionality of the heart is reduced even in the absence of clinical signs. So, the impact volume of the heart at rest at the age of 25 to 85 years decreases by 30%, the myocardial hypertrophy develops. A minute volume of blood at rest for the specified period is reduced by an average of 55-60%. With age, changes are also occurred in the vascular system: the elasticity of large arteries is reduced, the total peripheral vascular resistance increases, as a result of 60-70, systolic pressure increases on 10-40 mm RT. Art. All these changes in the circulatory system, a decrease in the performance of the heart entail a pronounced reduction in the maximum aerobic capabilities of the body, a decrease in the level of physical performance and endurance. Calcium in food exacerbate these changes.

Adequate physical training, classes of health physical culture are able to largely suspend age-related changes of various functions. At any age, with the help of training, you can enhance aerobic capabilities and the level of endurance - the indicators of the biological age of the organism and its viability. Improving physical performance is accompanied by a prophylactic effect on the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases: a decrease in body weight and adhesive mass, cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood, reduced arterial pressure and cardiac frequencies. In addition, regular physical training makes it largely to slow down the development of age-related involutional changes. physiological functions, as well as degenerative changes of various organs and systems (including delay and reverse development of atherosclerosis).

In this regard, there is no exception and the muscular system. The performance of physical exercises has a positive effect on all links of the engine device, preventing the development of degenerative changes associated with age and hypodynamines. The mineralization of bone tissue and calcium content in the body increases, which prevents the development of osteoporosis. The influx of lymphs to the articular cartilage and intervertebral discs increases, which is best tool Prevention of arthrosis and osteochondrosis.

Some of the most popular exercises recommended for prevention, recovery are running, walking, swimming. It is also necessary to add that these exercises will not be effective if they are performed from time to time, by the will of the case, because one of the main advantages of such exercises is their systematization, cyclicity. It is also difficult to expect an effect without "additional" measures: proper nutrition, hardening, healthy lifestyle.

1.2 Wellness Run

Wellness Runs is the most simple and affordable (technical terms) view of cyclic exercises, and therefore the most massive. According to the most modest counting, running as a health facility is used by more than 100 million people of middle and old age of our planet. According to official data, 5207 clubs of runners are registered in our country, in which 385 thousand runners are engaged; Independently running there are 2 million people.

The overall influence of running on the body is associated with changes. functional state The central nervous system, compensation for the missing energy consumption, functional shifts in the circulatory system and a decrease in morbidity.

Training in endurance run is an indispensable means of discharging and neutralizing negative emotions that cause chronic nervous overvoltage. The same factors significantly increase the risk of myocardium as a result of excessive admission to the blood of adrenaline hormones - adrenaline and norepinephrine.

Wellness running (in the optimal dosage) in combination with water procedures is the best means of fighting neurasthenia and insomnia - diseases of the 20th century caused by nervous overvoltage by abundance of incoming information. As a result, the nervous tension is removed, sleep and well-being is improved, efficiency increases, and therefore the tone of the whole organism, the most directly affecting the lifespan. Especially useful in this regard evening run, which removes negative emotions accumulated per day, and "burns" an excess adrenaline, allocated as a result of stress. Thus, the run is the best natural tranquilizer - more efficient than drugs.

The special effect of the running training is to increase the functionality of the cardiovascular system and the aerobic productivity of the body. Increased functionality is manifested primarily in increasing the contractile and "pumping" heart functions, an increase in physical performance.

In addition to the main wellness effects of running, related to the influence of blood circulation and respiratory systems, it is also necessary to note its positive effect on the carbohydrate metabolism, the function of the liver and gastrointestinal tractbone system.

Improving the liver function is explained by an increase in oxygen consumption by a hepatic cloth during a run at 2--3 times - from 50 to 100 - 150 ml / min. In addition, with deep breathing during running there is a liver massage with a diaphragm, which improves the bile outflow and the function of bile ducts, normalizing their tone. Regular workouts in a wellness race have a positive effect on all links of the musculoskeletal system, preventing the development of degenerative changes associated with age and hypodynamines.

1.3 Skiing

This type of cyclic exercise is used in the northern regions with appropriate climatic conditions and. According to its health effect, it is not inferior to running. When walking on skis, in addition to the muscles of the leg and hips, the muscles of the upper limbs and shoulder belt, back and abdomen are also included in the work, which requires additional energy consumption.

Participation in the work of almost all major muscle groups contributes to the harmonious development of elements of the musculoskeletal system. This type of cyclic exercise favorably affects the nervous system, as it is performed in the fresh air. The specificity of the engine skiing skiing increases the sense of equilibrium (very important for the elderly) as a result of the workout of the musculoskeletal and the vestibular apparatus. The hardening effect is clearly manifested, the immunity of the organism to colds is increased. It is not by chance that the cooper puts walking on skis to the first place, assessing it even higher than running.

The burden on the joints and the danger of their trauma when walking on skis is significantly less than when running. However, the technique of cargo movement is more complex and for unprepared beginners of middle and old age can represent certain difficulties, the likelihood of injuries (including fractures) increases. In this regard, for ski walks, relatively smooth tracks should be chosen without a large height difference. Cool lifts have an extra (sometimes excessive) load on the circulatory system.

1.4 Swimming

In this form of cyclic exercises, all muscle groups are also involved, but due to the horizontal position of the body and the specifics of the aqueous medium, the load on the circulatory system is in swimming less than in the journey or walking on skis. To achieve the necessary recreation effect, swimming should be developed quite more speed. Without mastering the right navigation technique, this is quite difficult. As a result of a difficult breath (water pressure on the chest) and exhalation in water, swimming contributes to the development of an external breathing apparatus and an increase in the lungs life tank.

Specifications for swimming conditions (increased humidity, basin microclimate) are especially favorable for people with bronchial asthma. When swimming seizures of asthma, it usually does not occur, whereas during the run with the forced breathing them, the probability is higher. The practical lack of load on the joints and the spine allows you to successfully use this type of muscle activity in diseases of the spine (deformation, discogenic radiculitis, etc.).

Energy support of muscle activity when swimming is characterized by a number of features. Already staying in water (without performing any movements) causes an increase in energy consumption by 50% (compared with the level of rest), maintaining the body in water requires an increase in energy consumption already 2-3 times, as water thermal conductivity is 25 times More than air. Due to the high water resistance to the 1 M distance in swimming is consumed 4 times more energy than when walking at a similar rate, i.e. about 3 kcal / kg per 1 km (when walking - 0.7 kcal / kg / 2) , In connection with this, swimming can be beautiful tool Normalization of body weight - subject to the regularity of the load (at least 30 minutes 3 times a week). When mastered a swimming technique, a rather intensive and long-term load, swimming can be efficiently used to increase the functional state of the circulatory system and reducing risk factors.

Knowledge of the peculiarities of the effect on the body of various types of cyclic exercises allows you to correctly select wellness programs depending on the health, age and level of physical fitness. For more versatile effect on the body, excluding the monotony of classes and adaptation to the usual physical exertion during perennial training, it is advisable to temporarily switch from one type of cyclic exercises to another or the use of them in combination. For example, ski lovers in winter can fully switch to this sport (including participation in competitions), and in the summer, be sure to use regular running workouts. Only year-round occupations of the health physical education can be effective for the prevention of diseases, and consequently, to increase the life tone of the body and the lifespan.

2 . Harmful habits and their influence

2.1 Smoking

There is a lot of damage to smoking. However, the concerns of scientists and doctors caused by the spread of this harmful habit is growing, as there is still a significant number of people who do not consider smoking harmful to health.

Smoking is not a harmless occupation that can be thrown without effort. This is a real drug addiction, and the more dangerous that many are not taken to seriously.

Nicotine is one of the most dangerous poisons of plant origin. Birds (sparrows, pigeons) die if their beak is just to bring a glass wand moistened with nicotine. The rabbit dies from 1/4 drops of nicotine, a dog - from 1/2 drops. For a person, the deadly dose of nicotine is from 50 to 100 mg, or 2-3 drops.

It is this dose that comes daily into the blood after smoking 20-25 cigarettes (in one cigarette it contains approximately 6-8 mg of nicotine, of which 3-4 mg gets into the blood).

The smoker does not die for the fact that the dose is inserted gradually, not at one reception. In addition, part of nicotine neutralizes formaldehyde - another poison contained in tobacco. For 30 years, such a smoker smokes about 20,000 cigarettes, or 160 kg of tobacco, absorbing 800 g nicotine. The systematic absorption of small, non-meaning doses of nicotine causes a habit, adapt to smoking.

Nicotine includes the exchange processes occurring in the human body, and become necessary.

However, if a non-smoking person in one reception will receive a significant dose of nicotine, death can come. Such cases were observed in different countries. Our major scientist - Pharmacologist N.P. Krafts describe the death of a young man after he for the first time in his life smoked a large cigar.

In France, in Nice, as a result of the contest `Who will buy more" two `winners", smoking 60 cigarettes, died, and the remaining participants with severe poisoning fell into the hospital.

In England, a case is registered when a long smoking 40-year-old man at night, during difficult work, smoked 14 cigars and 40 cigarettes. In the morning he was bad, and despite the rendered medical care, he died.

The literature describes the case when to the room where the tobacco lay in bundles in the powder was put to sleep a girl, and she died in a few hours.

Children living in surround premises more often and more suffer from diseases of the respiratory organs. Children of smoking parents during the first year of life increases the frequency of bronchitis and pneumonia and increases the risk of developing serious diseases. Tobacco smoke delays solar ultraviolet rays, which are important for a growing child affects the metabolism, impairs sugar digestibility and destroys vitamin. With the necessary child in the period of growth. At the age of 5-9 years, the child has a lung function. As a result, there is a decrease in abilities to physical activity, requiring endurance and stress. Surveying over 2 thousand children living in 1820 families, Professor S.M. Gavalov revealed that in families where they smoke, in children, especially in early age Frequent sharp pneumonia and acute respiratory diseases are observed. In families where there were no smokers, the children were practically healthy.

Smoking adversely affects the studios of the student. The number of persistent increases in those classes where more smokers.

Smoking of schoolchildren slows their physical and mental development. The state of health, undermined by smoking, does not allow to choose classes in the shower, to succeed (for example, young people become pilots, cosmonauts, athletes, girls - ballerinas, singers, etc.).

Smoking and schoolboy are incompatible. School years are years of growth as physical and mental. The body needs a lot of strength to cope with all the loads. As you know, skills, habits learned at school age, the most durable. This is not only useful to relate, but also to harmful habits. The earlier, children, teenagers, boys, girls will get to know smoking and begin to smoke, the faster it will be accustomed to him, and in the future to abandon smoking it will be very difficult.

2.2 Alcoholism

Alcoholism (chronic alcoholism). The disease with preventive (progressive) flow, which is based on addiction to ethyl alcohol. In social plan, alcoholism means abuse of alcoholic beverages (drunkenness), leading to a violation of moral and social norms of behavior, to damage to his own health, material and moral state of the family, as well as affecting the health and well-being of society as a whole. Alcohol abuse, according to WHO, is the third after cardiovascular and oncological diseases causes mortality.

First, a severe form of intoxication (alcohol poisoning) is a frequent cause of death at a young age.

Secondly, when abusing with alcoholic beverages, a sudden "cardiac" death may occur due to the primary stop of the heart or violation of the rhythm of cardiac activity (for example, flickering arrhythmia).

Thirdly, alcohol abusers are more susceptible to injuries - domestic, manufacturing, transport. And they suffer not only for themselves, but also can contribute to injury by other persons.

In addition, the risk of suicide among patients with alcoholism increases in tens of times compared with the population. About half of the murders are also kept in a state of intoxication.

For early stages Alcoholism is more characteristic of such diseases as ulcerative disease, injuries, cardiovascular disorders, for later - cirrhosis of the liver, polyneurite, brain disorders. High mortality among men is mainly connected with the growth of alcoholism. 60-70% of men abusing alcohol dying under the age of 50 years. The reasons for drinking alcohol are different. One of them is a psychotropic effect ethyl alcohol: Euphorizing (prompt mood), relaxing (removable voltage, relaxing) and sedative (soothing, sometimes causing drowsiness). The need to achieve such an effect exists in many categories of people: in persons with pathological charactersuffering from neurosis, poorly adapted in society, as well as working with emotional and physical overloads. In the formation of addiction to alcohol, the social environment, microclimate in the family, education, traditions, the presence of psychotrambulating situations, stress and ability to adapt to them are playing a major role. The influence of hereditary factors defining both the characterological characteristics and the predisposition to metabolic disorders is undoubtedly.

Alcoholic intoxication. The degree of severity of intoxication depends on the amount and quality of drinked alcoholic beverages, individual sensitivity to the alcohol and psychophysical state of man. 3 degrees of intoxication are isolated: light, medium and heavy.

Easy degree. In typical cases, the mood increases at the beginning of intoxication, communication is facilitated. The person is pleased with himself and others, becomes more self-confident and talkative. There is a feeling of muscle relaxation and physical comfort. Mimic becomes more expressive, movement less accurate.

Average degree. When moving K. middle degree Instead of conventional mood, instead of a complacent mood may occur, sample, sometimes evilness and aggressiveness. Criticism to yourself and the surrounding declining. The coordination of movements and gait is disturbed. A person can make unmotivated impulsive deeds. Speech becomes unbearable. The pain and temperature sensitivity decreases. After intoxication, the symptoms of intoxication are usually noted: the heaviness in the head and headache, thirst, weakness, drierness, reduced mood with apathy or irritability. Memory for the period of intoxication is usually not violated. There are also atypical forms of intoxication when instead of euphoria from the very beginning of intoxication appears an depressed mood, irritability with bite, discontent, which develops into aggressive actions in relation to others. In some cases, there is an increased mood with motion excitation, foolishness or caricature pointed characteristic features. Atypical forms of intoxication are usually noted in persons who have suffered in the past, the cranial trauma suffering from oligophrenia, psychopaths.

A severe degree of intoxication is noted by the symptoms of turning off consciousness - from stunning to coma. Sometimes epileptic seizures occur. Unprompected urination and defecation are possible. This condition, as a rule, completely falls out of human memory.

The systematic use of alcohol can lead to the development of a disease with certain mental and somatic manifestations.

Already in the first stage of alcoholism, an irresistible attraction to alcohol appears with a loss of quantitative control ("loss of sense of measure"). The manifestation of alcoholism is also a changed reactivity of the organism to alcohol in the form of increasing tolerance (tolerance) to alcoholic beverages and transition to systematic drunkenness. When alcohol is overdose, the events associated with intoxication begin to fall out of memory.

In the second stage, the portability of alcohol reaches the maximum value (up to 1-2 liters of vodka per day). Mastery (abstineent) syndrome is formed, which first arises only after heavy alcoholic excesses or after several days of the binge. Its essence lies in the fact that the day after the "drunken" a small amount of alcohol removes poor well-being and facilitates the state. W. healthy people Another day after intoxication, symptoms of intoxication remain (see above), which can be exacerbated when taking alcohol, which causes disgust to alcohol.

Pummy syndrome is manifested in the form of such symptoms like hyperemia of the face, redness of the scool, heartbeat, enhancement of blood pressure, sweating, pain in the heart, trembling in the body and tremor limbs, weakness, drierness. A number of patients have dyspeptic disorders: pain in the abdomen, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Initially, patients in connection with socially ethical circumstances can refrain from the oral cream in the morning hours. However, this process can take place after work, in the afternoon. Sometimes during the whole day the patient does not work, but only dreams about the time when he can finally dreamed. Over time, mental is joined by the somatic manifestations of the hangover syndrome. In the case of a hangover, mood changes with the predominance of depression, anxiety, fear. There are thoughts about their own guilt, universal condemnation. Sleep becomes superficial with nightmarish dreams and frequent awakening. Early appearance in a state of hanging mental disorders, as well as their predominance over somatic evidence of the possibility of development in further psychosis. The maximum expression of abstitented phenomena is achieved on the 3rd day of abstinence from alcoholic beverages. In the second stage of alcoholism, patients drink daily for many years. Breaks in drunkenness are usually determined by external circumstances: lack of money, service complications, family conflicts. Attention to alcohol and physical ability to continue drunkenness persist.

Third stage of alcoholism. Reduced alcohol tolerance. Inxication occurs from smaller than before, doses of alcohol. Many patients instead of vodka begin to use fastened wines. In these cases, the patient is constantly in a state of intoxication, albeit a shallow. Along with quantitative control, situational is lost. Alcohol is mined by any means, without taking into account the ethical and social norms of behavior. A number of patients with alcohol abuse acquires the nature of true swallowing, arising spontaneously with an insurmountable imposition of alcohol. The first two days in fractional consumption of alcoholic beverages is accepted maximum dose alcohol. In subsequent days, intoxication comes from all smaller doses of alcohol due to violation of the ethyl alcohol exchange process in the body.

The somatic and mental state worsens. There is a decrease in appetite, weight loss, a drop in blood pressure, shortness of breath, a violation of speech, gait, seizures of limbs, seizures. The deterioration of the physical condition makes it impossible to continue to drink. Therefore, over time, the ribs are becoming in short (for 2-3 days), and the gaps between them are increasingly. Alcoholism's personality changes appear in the second stage and reaches the degree of alcohol degradation in the third stage. The so-called alcoholic nature is formed. On the one hand, all emotional reactions (grief, joy, discontent, admiration, etc.) are sharply sharpened by increasing the overall excitability. Then the weakening, federation, especially in a state of intoxication appears. The patient is crying from joy and from grief. On the other hand, there is emotional flaws. The patient becomes selfish, indifferent to his wife, children.

The sense of debt disappears, liability, the significance of the ethical norms of behavior is lost. All the attention of the patient focuses only on one - how to get alcohol. Drunkenness is always understood, and their personal qualities embellish. The patient, as a rule, does not consider himself an alcoholic (or not recognized in this surrounding), arguing that "everyone drinks", and he "like everything." At first they find excuses, excuses, looking for reasons for drinking. At the same time, exemplary, falsehood in the arguments of their actions. In the future, the alcoholic no longer hides its aspiration for drinking, drinks in any, not even very suitable for this setting, i.e. Loss situational control. For acquisition alcoholic beverages Any funds are used. The patient begins to carry things out of the house, sell them for a snot, steal, begging. Alcohol humor, characteristic of such a patient, is becoming more flat, primitive, cynical, as well as behavior in general. Brutal (excessive, asocial) form of response, such as aggression, evilness, violence, frank cynicism appear. Increasingly, patients are resorted to the use of surrogates (denature, cologne, medicinal tinctures, etc.).

2.3 addiction

Drug Addiction (Greek Catching, Son + Madness, Passion, Investigation) - Chronic Diseases caused by drug abuse or medicinal drugs. It is characterized by the occurrence of pathological attraction to a narcotic means (mental dependence), a change in drug tolerance with a tendency to increase doses and the development of physical dependence manifested by the abstinence syndrome, when it is discontinued.

Allocate:

Opium addiction;

Drug addiction due to the abuse of cannabis preparations;

Drug addiction caused by the abuse of ephedron;

Bribeur and cocaine drug addiction;

Drug addiction caused by LSD type hallucinogens

Opium addiction - due to the abuse of opium group - morphine (morphine), codeine (coderism), canopone, commotol, we will describe raw, heroin and others. The most commonly used inside or administered intravenously, sometimes subcutaneously. Preparations of this group have a similar drug effect, differ in the power of manifestations of the abstinence syndrome, the speed of formation and features acute intoxication. With acute opium intoxication, a sharp narrowing of pupils is noted (symptom of the "pin head"), pale and dry skin, reduced blood pressure, bradycardia, a decrease in deep tendon and cough reflexes, inhibition of breathing, constipation, disorders of coordination of movements, analgesia. Mental disorders include changing behavior and mood; Originally observed animation, dismissal, acceleration of speech and associative processes, decrease in criticism; Subsequently, the rise of the mood is replaced by drowsiness, it becomes slowdown, weakens attention, apathy or dysphoria appear.

In case of systematic use of opium group preparations, severe mental and physical dependence occurs. The phenomena of abstinence are developing 6-30 hours after the latter reception of opium drug and reach the peak on the 2nd--3 day. The average timing of the formation of physical dependence varies from 2--3 weeks to i 1 / 2--2 months, which is associated with their augmentation activity and the methods of administration. Most acute manifestations The abstinences are usually disappearing for 7--10 days, but the residual phenomena are sometimes preserved to b months. and more. The initial signs of the abstineen syndrome at opium drug addiction are yawning, tearing, runny nose, chihanne, increased sweating, vasomotor disorders in the form of "tides", expansion of pupils, tachycardia, loss of appetite, tremor fingers, anxiety, irritability, insomnia. As the abstinence syndrome develops, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, body temperature increase with chills, respiratory gain, lifting blood pressure, spasms in the stomach, pain in the muscles, joints (especially large) and lower back, are generalized pain sensations, dehydration of the body, and Also depression, motor excitement with a sense of anxiety. During the period of the abstinence syndrome, a pronounced attraction to the narcotic means is noted to eliminate physical and mental discomfort, violation of behavior (patients in this state can make dangerous crimes).

Drug addiction due to the abuse of cannabis preparations (Gashishism). Almost all psychoactive properties that cannabis preparations (for example, Marijuana, Anasha, Hashish) are associated with cannabinoids (especially tetrahydrokannabinol) - substances contained in this plants. The most common way to eat cannabis drugs is smoking.

With non-discovered intoxication by drugs hemp noticeable external signs Not notes. The patients have drowsiness, the muscular power is reduced, the pulse rate is increased, the conjunctivation is injected.

With a more pronounced intoxication, a dreamy expression appears on the face, there are ointment, euphoria, relaxation, increases sensitivity to. External incentives, the perception of the surrounding (spatial and temporary) is disturbed, noise and ringing in the ears, the memory is reduced, the memory is reduced, , with an inappropriate unrestrained laughter, chatty. In some cases, aggressive actions are possible, sometimes on the contrary - apathy and indifference to the surrounding. External somatic signs are becoming more notable: dry mouth, hunger and thirst, sometimes nausea and vomiting, rapid pulse (up to 100 and more blows per minute), tremor fingers, in some cases - all body; Eyes shine, pupils are expanded, their reaction to light is weakened.

When using cannabis drugs in large doses, there is a condition of acute intoxication with delusional ideas, illusory disorders (see illusion), depersonalization (see depersonalization and delinealization syndrome), confusion of consciousness, excitation, visual and sometimes auditory hallucinations. Delia is possible with disorientation and a pronounced violation of consciousness. In rare cases, fear appears, such states usually disappear within 3 days, but they can last up to 7 days.

With long-term use of cannabis preparations, as a rule, the so-called, ammivatic syndrome, which is manifested by apathy, passivity, a decrease in the level of motivation, in the inability to engage in activities requiring focus of attention. Intellectual abilities are reduced, memory weakens; Mental and physical dedication becomes almost a constant sign. Gradually increases degradation of personality, emotional instability is formed, moral and ethical installations are lost, severe behavior violations are possible, often with antisocial actions. In some cases, protracted hallucinatory-delusional psychoses occur.

For this type of drug addiction, a slight increase in tolerance to the action of a narcotic drug is characterized. The abstitent syndrome is weakly expressed, it develops mainly after frequent use of cannabis drugs in large doses, manifests sleep disorders, mood fluctuations, as well as vegetative reactions (eg, increased sweating, nausea).

Drug addiction caused by ephedron abuse. Ephedron is a homemade drug obtained during the processing of ephedrine. The abuse of ephedron is found mainly among young people. Ephedron applies, as a rule, intravenously; It has a stimulating effect on the central nervous system (similar to amphetamine). For ephedron intoxication, the overall excitation is characteristic; The transient sensations of the energy of energy, revival, multi-absters, the desire for monotonous unproductive activities, increased sensitivity to external stimuli. As the excitation increases, irritability, anxiety, anxiety appear. Such a state can last 3-1 hours, then it is replaced by lethargy, weakness, apathy, a sense of breakdown, a dreary mood. Possible expressed fear, suspicion, separate delusional ideas. It is characteristic of the appearance of the patients: splashing, with an unhealthy shine eyes, very pale, with a gray-shaped leather, significant exhaustion.

Narcotic dependence on ephedron is formed quite quickly (within 1-2 months). The course of ephedron drug addicts is cyclical. The ephedron use periods of i - 2 to 3-5 days are characterized by almost complete lack of sleep, appetite, urination delay, general physical exhaustion. Then for several days there is a break in the use of the drug, during which increased drowsiness, apathy, depression are noted.

Mental addiction can be very intense; There is a rapid increase in tolerance, the frequency of drug intakes sometimes reaches 10--15 or more than a day. With acute cancellation of ephedron, an abstineent syndrome occurs, which is manifested mainly by mental disorders in the form of sharp and protracted depressive states, asthenic syndrome, as well as minor somategetative disorders.

Bribeuric drug addiction (barbituatism) is due to the abuse of a barbamil or sodium etame. Under barbituric intoxication, disorders of coordination are noted, ideator inhibition, inexpensive speech, asiergia, nystagm (vertical and horizontal), depression of tendon reflexes. Motor and sexual dismissions are possible, aggressive behavior. Mental disorders are quite diverse: drowsiness, euphoria, depression, emotional lability, irritability, dysphoria, hostility. Sometimes there are paranoid reactions, suicidal trends; Attention is weakened, the memory is reduced. When overdosing Barbamil may develop a coma and death as a result of respiratory failure, renal failure or heart stop. Treating to barbiturates is generated gradually, mainly as a result of the self-treatment of long sleep disorders. In the process of barbituric drug addiction, such features of personality, explosive, progressively deteriorates the memory, the thinking and ability to concentrate attention are sharply reduced. With long-term reception of barbiturates in large doses, pronounced disorders of the coordination of movements, a sharp decline or even loss of reflexes are noted. Neurological symptoms are accompanied by vibrations of blood pressure, change in the pulse rate, increasing body temperature, acrocyanosis.

With continuous use of the drug in doses exceeding the usual therapeutic, as a rule, the dependency state occurs. With its systematic reception, there is also an increase in tolerance, but not so significant as with opium drug addiction and drug addiction due to the abuse of ephedron. Abstineent syndrome in barbituric drug addiction takes place hard. It develops by the end of the first day after the abolition of the drug and reaches a peak on the 2nd -3 s day, then the phenomenon of abstinence gradually subscribe. At the beginning of the abstinence syndrome, anxiety, involuntary muscular twitching, tremor, fingers, tongue and age, progressive weakness, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, phenomena of an orthostatic collapse are noted. As the state is weighted, convulsive seizures appear, as well as delirium or halucinatorial-relocated psychoses. In cases of severe abstinence syndrome, in the absence of adequate therapy, death is possible.

Cocaine drug addiction (cocainism) is characterized by a rapid development of severe mental dependence. Cocaine is easily absorbed through the nose mucous membrane, so drug addicts usually use it, scent crystals of the drug. The most difficult consequences arise when intravenous administration cocaine; In pronounced cases, the intervals between injections are reduced to 10 minutes. Cocaine causes a reduced mood, revaluation of physical and mental capabilities, often there are delusional ideas, hallucinations, resulting in which socially dangerous activities may be. Cocainists often have disorders of digestion, nausea, loss of appetite, physical exhaustion, as well as insomnia, sometimes convulsive seizures.

Physical dependence on cocaine does not occur; With its cancellation, severe depression is usually developing. Cocaine is rapidly destroyed in the body, so it is used frequently, in small one-time doses, while the daily dose may be very large (up to 10 g). The growth of tolerance is not observed, that is, the action of the same dose does not weaken in the process of cocaine drug addiction. In some cases, even increased sensitivity to cocaine action is possible.

Etiology and pathogenesis of drug addiction. The reasons for the abuse of narcotic substances are complex and diverse. Along with the features of personality playing an important role in the formation of pathological addiction, it also belongs to social factors. A clear dependence between identity features and predisposed to drugs was not detected. However, it has been established that the main characteristic features of persons abusing drugs are increased irritability (and it is noted before the first use of drugs), infantilism, a tendency to demonstrative behavior, the desire to be the focus and at the same time a low positive social installation.

In the formation of narcotic dependence, mental diseases have a certain meaning. So, in patients suffering from some schizophrenia forms, with children's age There are passivity, lack of interests, subordination of the opinion of others. When involving in antisocial groups, they easily adopt negative forms of behavior (including drugs) peculiar to persons of this group.

Among the social reasons for drug use, the lack of qualifications or simply work, the desire to exit chronic stress, due to the rapid pace of life. The etiological factors should also include the historical and geographical features of certain regions, where the cultivation and use of plant drugs is traditional.

Often addiction arise as a result of the appointment of narcotic drugs in unreasonably high doses or without sufficient readings. The formation of narcotic dependence is possible and in self-treatment; In this case, the availability of narcotic drugs is of great importance. The development of drug addiction may contribute to a severe chronic disease requiring long use narcotic drugs (for example, tumor process with severe pain syndrome)

Treatment with primary treatment for help is carried out in the hospital, with a repeated circulation and the absence of a formed relapse - outpatient. It includes several stages: disintellation and relief of abstinence manifestations, actually active anti-drug treatment and supporting therapy.

For the purpose of disintellation, nootropic products, glucose, a complex of vitamins, especially groups and ascorbic acid, hemosorption, hemodialysis, blood substitutes, means for the correction of acid-alkaline and ion equilibrium in the body and others are used. If necessary, prescribe cardiovascular preparations, respiratory anagetti and more. In some cases, diuresis forced (not shown by a barbiton drug addict is not shown, as it can lead to a rapid occurrence of severe abstinence).

In all cases, with the exception of barbituric drug addiction, drugs are canceled immediately. Galoperidol is prescribed to relieve acute psychosis, with alarm and fear - benzodiazepine tranquilizers. The way to relieve the abstinence syndrome depends on the type of drug addiction. Thus, under opium drug addiction, pyrroxane, clofelin (hemiton, clonidine) are shown, with barbic drug addiction, replacement therapy; Prescribed phenobarbital. The initial dose of phenobarbital depends on the dose of Barbamil, or the sodium etamine, which was taken by the patient, and ranges from it about 1/3 (for every 100 mg of barbamil - 30 mg of phenobarbital). After two-day use of the selected dose, it is gradually reduced within 7-10 days until complete cancellation. With other formations of drug addiction, depending on psychopathological disorders, neuroleptic drugs are prescribed, tranquilizers, antidepressants. Active anti-drug treatment is aimed at restoring disturbed somatic functions, liquidation of exhaustion, correction of behavioral disorders, suppression of pathological attraction to drugs and stabilization of the patient's mental state. For this purpose, drugs are used (neuroleptics of extended action, salt lithium, nootropic agents, antidepressants), various methods Psychotherapy (group, individual, behavioral psychocorrection), as well as electrostimulation and needleflexotherapy.

Supporting therapy is carried out for a long time, it includes repeated sessions of psychotherapy, courses of medicinal and tall treatment, conducted in a narcological office.

Prevention includes primarily the right upbringing (the formation of healthy interests and social activity), as well as control over the drugs used in medical circuits, the fight against the distribution and sale of drugs.

Conclusion

running walking swimming

Each person has great opportunities to strengthen and maintain their health, to preserve disability, physical activity and cheerfulness to deep old age.

Statistics, research, observations, and just common sense testify to the invaluable positive impact of practicing physical physical culture on the human body, and therefore, for the duration of human life.

The reason for the appearance of bad habits lies in many reasons. Today there is an open propaganda of an unhealthy lifestyle. Smoking, drinking beer and use drugs is now fashionable and honorable, but few people are aware of the danger that will arise after a while. As soon as people understand this, then do something late, because It is incredibly difficult to refuse these habits. Conclusion one - you can not try these bad habits for yourself! As if the surrounding situation, neither impose badly, should not be taken by himself. You should give myself a word that only a healthy lifestyle is acceptable, and nothing must interfere with it. This can only be saved in excellent condition both physically and mentally.

List of sources used:

1. Gilmore. Running for life. M, "Physical Education and Sport", 2000.

2. Chaz E.I. Heart and twentieth century. M, "Pedagogy", 2000.

3. A.N. Klimov, B.M. Lipovetsky. Be or not to be a heart attack. M, "Medicine", 2000.

4. Shatalova G.S. Health philosophy. M, 2000.

5. I.P. Berezin, Yu.V. Dergachev. Health school.

6. Abzalov R.A., Zyatidinova A.I. Ecology physical culture man // Theores. And the strap. Phys. cult. 2000.

7. Kryukova V.S. "Book of teacher of physical culture"

8. http://narcotics.su/narkomania.html

9. http://www.medical-center.ru/index/smrsn.html.

10. http://kyrenie.ru/

Posted on Allbest.ru.

Dependence of systems and organs from sports

Active physical activity, which is characteristic of absolutely for any sport, has a positive effect on people's health. This undeniable agreement is devoted to countless studies, scientific works, dissertations, articles. If they bring them to the essence briefly and, in essence, the positive impact of health on health is reduced to the following specific points:

Strengthening the musculoskeletal system

The bones become resistant to the loads, and the muscles, increasing in volume, are gaining greater force. During run, swimming, occupations in the gym There is an improvement in the transportation of oxygen to the muscles, which causes blood capillaria to do so in peace and to the subsequent formation of new vessels. The admission of a large amount of oxygen changes the chemical composition of muscle tissue - the concentration of energy substances increases, and the exchange processes, including protein synthesis, begin to flow faster, new muscles cells are formed. Strengthening the musculoskeletal system reduces the risk of osteochondrosis, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, arthrosis, intervertebral hernia.

Strengthening and developing the nervous system

This is facilitated by the increase in speed and agility, improving coordination. There is an indifferent formation of new conditional reflexes, fixing and folding into a certain sequence. The body begins to adapt to increasing loads, exercises becomes much easier and more efficient, and efforts are attached less. Increasing the speed of nervous processes leads to the fact that the brain reacts faster to external stimuli and takes true solutions.

Improve the function of vessels and hearts

Blood vessels and heart muscles are becoming rushing. During training, the organs function in more intensive mode, and muscles under the influence of loads require increased blood supply. The vessels and heart begin to pump longer than oxygenated blood, the volume of which increases to 10-20 liters in a minute, instead of 5 liters. The cardiovascular system has the leading active lifestyle of people faster adapts to the loads and is restored after each workout.

Improving the work of the respiratory system

It is achieved as a result of the increasing need of organs and tissues in oxygen. Due to this, the depth and intensity of breathing increase. Against the back of the lack of loads, the volume of oxygen passing through the respiratory organs in 60 seconds is 8 liters, and during a swim, running, classes in the gym increases to 100 liters, that is, the life capacity of the lungs increases.

Enhance the protective functions of immunity and a qualitative change in blood composition

The number of erythrocytes contained in a cubic millimeter, who trained on a permanent basis, people rises from 5 to 6 million. The level of white blood cells - lymphocytes neutralizing malicious factors increases. General Strengthening of the Immune System - Direct Proof positive impact Physical education. People who are constantly engaged in any sport or visiting the gym, are much less likely to recover faster.

Improving metabolism

In the trained organism, the process of controlling the blood pressure in sugar and other substances is much better.

Change attitude to life

Leading an active lifestyle People are less susceptible to mood, neurosis, depression, less irritable and more cheerful.

How does sport affect a young organism?

According to statistics, seventy percent of the total number of frequently susceptible to various diseases of children and adolescents is missing or at all does not attend physical education, does not do any sport. Conducted by TV or Computer Time, Mental Loads during lessons or execution homework Cannot compensate for the lack of physical discharge.

A low-effective lifestyle "old" growing organism makes it vulnerable. And if earlier the pathology of bone tissue, vascular and heart disease were diagnosed with representatives of the older generation, today these ailments are affected by children and adolescents. To avoid such adverse effects, strengthen the body and immunity, it is impossible to neglect sports and physical education.

The problem of popularizing physical education and sports

The beneficial effect of physical activity on the human body was confirmed by research, practical observations, was reflected in numerous proverbs from different peoples of the world.

And teachers and physicians make a lot of effort to ensure that there is a positive attitude towards sports. In schools issues free subscriptions to visit the gym, pools. These efforts, of course, bring their fruits, but the number of ignoring sports and physical culture is large enough.

Sports, of course, are important and necessary for everyone. The main thing is to observe moderation and not allowed overloads. You should not forget about injuries that can be obtained if you neglect the safety measures.

"Movement is life," Aristotle argued, and was absolutely right. This phrase is particularly relevant today, when most of us work sitting at the computer, and in the city are moving exclusively by car. Minimizing physical activity We worsen our own health, provoke early aging and early mortality. And until serious diseases appear, do not even think about it! But physical activity affects literally on all spheres of life. This article will describe in detail about the comprehensive benefit of physical education for health.

What do you need physical education

Avicenna also said: "A person who is moderately engaged in physical exercises does not need treatment." He erected Horace: "You won't want to run healthy, you will run when you get sick!".

Modern doctors fully agree with the statements of the wise men, stating that the vidiation of the body characteristic of the elderly people is connected not only with age. A huge impact on this process has a lack of movement, academic, hypodynamine.

The consequences of hypodalline and the benefits of physical education

Now consider the negative consequences of a sedentary lifestyle and bring arguments in favor of exercise.

1. Problems with the figure

The lack of regular exercise leads to the formation of visuation fat, which settles on the hips and in the waist area. Moreover, the practice shows that the amount of fat in the absence of the movement annually increases by 4-5%. This becomes a serious aesthetic problem, reduces the self-esteem of a person and prevents life to live fullness.

Regular physical activity helps to correct the situation. After arranging daily jogging, engaged in aerobics, dancing or swimming, you can lose weight, get rid of cellulite, find a slim and tightened shape without exhausting diets. Such care about your body will allow you to have a slim and attractive body, and therefore increase self-esteem and change your life for the better.

2. Cardiovascular diseases

The accumulation of adhesive mass is not only a spoiled figure and aesthetic discomfort. First of all, it is a serious threat to our health, because everything is covered with fat internal organs, including heart and liver, and on the walls of blood vessels, cholesterol plaques are settled. All this leads to the development of hypertension, varicose, atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases, and also increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

When practicing sports, the heart muscle is strengthened and the elasticity of vascular walls is supported. Moreover, the number of "good" cholesterol is increasing under the influence of physical activity, while "bad" cholesterol is oxidized and stops sticking to vascular walls. Physical education classes, according to doctors, lead to a decrease in blood coagulation level, which reduces the risk of thrombosis. Swimming, for example, has a beneficial effect on the human cardiovascular system, increases its capacity, efficiency, vital activity. Regular swimming classes increase blood flow intensity, improve gas exchange in the body.

Thus, exercise warn pressure increase, prevent varicose extension veins and minimize the risk of early mortality from heart failure. According to the American Association of Cardiologists, to strengthen the heart and vessels most useful are exercises with lifting weights.

3. Diseases of the Bone System

Hydodine has a negative effect on bone tissue. Without adequate physical activity, the bones do not receive the necessary nutrition and gradually weaken. This is exactly the main cause of fractures and the development of osteoporosis in the elderly. Also consider the excess body weight creates high blood pressure On the skeleton, and you will understand where problems with the spine and knee joints appear.

Regular physical exertion feed on and strengthen bones. It is known that during sports, the density of bone tissue will increase. For example, women over 50 years old, which are 3 times a week with dumbbells, bone density rises by 1% per year. At the same time, a woman who leads a sedentary lifestyle, loses more than 2% density per year, which leads to increased fragility of bones, arthrosis and osteoporosis.

4. Sugar diabetes

Insulin resistance - dangerous metabolic syndromewhich appears as a result of obesity. A person who leads a sedentary lifestyle automatically acquires predisposition to diabetes mellitus. But this chronic disease leads to multiple restrictions in nutrition, serious deterioration in the quality of life and early mortality.

Sport classes allow us to normalize weight, prevent obesity and thereby maintaining the level of glucose levels in the normal level of glucose, not allowing diabetes mellitus.

5. Atrophy muscles

Muscles that do not receive regular loads are gradually weakening and atrophy. Without exercises, the muscle mass "melts", turning into fat, which means that the body cannot work properly. By the way, the heart is an ordinary muscle, and therefore hypodynamics affect the blood circulation process.

Physical culture solves this problem. With it, the muscles receive a regular load, which means that are in a tone, allowing you to easily perform any tasks, regardless of age. But more importantly, as a reward you get a strong heart, which in deep old age will work without failures.

6. Low body tone

It is known that with the active lifestyle of the toxins and slags, the body is leaving faster through sweating. In a person with a seating lifestyle, this process is slowed down, as a result of which his body is glued. Excessive accumulation of harmful exchange products leads to a decrease in tone, constant sluggishness, drowsiness, apathy and lack of interest in life.

Regular physical activity gives a person an excellent tone and a charge of cheerfulness, which is enough for the whole day. A sporting person does not know what drowsiness and apathy is, he has excellent well-being and a great mood.

7. Sleep problems

Insomnia is one of the first signs that clearly hinting that you lack physical activity. Bad sleep leads to a deterioration in the quality of life, and if the work is associated with the management of increased hazard, it may be a serious danger to life.

Regular exercises are eliminated from problems with falling asleep and help fight insomnia. Studies show that persons who are engaged in physical education for 30 minutes daily, fall asleep 2 times faster and sleep for 1 hour longer than people who ignore exercise.

8. Brainwater deterioration

As noted above, hypodynamia slows down blood circulation, including the supply of the brain with blood. In this case, brain activity deteriorates, it begins to sum up and mental performance decreases.

For brain activity, you need to move more. Physical education improves brain power, activate neural bonds and thereby increase mental performance. Walking in the fresh air, cycling or exercises with dumbbells exacerbate memory and help the brain to cope with complex tasks, which means they are simply necessary for people engaged in mental labor.

9. Weakening of immunity

Problems that create low motor activity weaken the protective forces of the body, as a result of which it becomes susceptible to colds and infectious diseases.

Moderate, but regular loads, quickly and effectively strengthen the immunity. Studies show that a person who has been walking for more than 45 minutes for 5 days, recovering much faster than who ignores walking. At the same time, according to researchers, the beneficial effects of physical activity on immunity can be traced up to 87 years. Regular physical education classes contribute to the development of macrophages (white blood cells), the so-called "eaters" of the causative agents of all sorts of diseases. The trained person is significantly better to transfer various overloads, cooling, fluctuations in atmospheric pressure, infection, viruses.

10. Early mortality

According to doctors, a sedentary lifestyle is much more dangerous than smoking. Studies conducted by scientists from Hong Kong indicate the following:

more than 20% of deaths in persons over 35 are associated with hypodynamines;
the lack of physical activity increases the risk of oncology by 45% in men and by 30% in women;
risk of death OT respiratory diseases increases by 62% in men and 55% in women;
mortality from cardiovascular diseases increases by 53% in men and 27% from representatives of the fine sex.

Such depressing statistics simply must force a sensible person to think about the physical education classes. And the age for this does not matter. This proves the study by which a group of men, regularly receiving power and aerobic loads for 5 years, was able to reduce the risk of deaths from diseases by 44%, compared with the group that did not do physical exercises.

But the solution of listed problems is far from the only benefit of physical education for a person. Commonly engage in sports, man:

strengthens the nervous system, better copes with stress and avoids depressive states;
it is easier to transfers the existing chronic diseases, heat feeding with menopause and unpleasant symptoms of PMS;
it becomes more confident in itself, seeks to new discoveries and self-realization, which means it is ready to achieve the greatest heights;
finds the right balance between work and personal life, learns to manage one's own time;
looks younger than its peers for 8-10 years;
gets a good mood!

The benefits of physical education for children

Physical activity from the small years is a guarantee of good health throughout life. That is why it is important to instill with kids love for physical education and to help them attend the sports sections.

In the period of intensive growth in the young organism, moderate physical activity is simply necessary. Thanks to physical exertion:

Bones and child joints are strengthened. The baby receives additional protection against flatfoot and has the right posture.
Immunity of a young organism increases. Sports sessions are also hardening the body. The child is less likely facing the flu and ORVI.
The normal weight of the child is supported. Sport avoids the problems of child obesity common today.
The agility and physical endurance of the baby increases, the ability to transfer school loads increases.
The attentiveness and brain activity of a young schoolboy increases, the volume of knowledge is expanding, and the marks at school are improved.
The tendency to stress and depression is reduced, the feeling of self-esteem in the child increases.

What physical activity is needed by a person

Physical exertion are divided into two types: aerobic (cardion loads), as well as anaerobic (power loads).

Aerobic loads

These loads are associated with human movement and are used, mainly to strengthen the cardiovascular system, improving immunity and overweight. These include walking, running, skiing or bike, swimming, dancing, aerobics and others.

Anaerobic loads

As for the anaerobic loads, these include: pull-up, twisting, sprint run, rod rise, exercises with weights and dumbbells. Such loads are good to strengthen and build muscle, to prevent diabetes, as well as for the development of endurance.

Choosing suitable exercises

It is worth noting that the benefits of physical education will manifest only if a person will do it regularly, from month to month, from year to year. Therefore, it is not so important which kind of type of physical exercise you will choose, the main thing is that it brings you pleasure, and you did not disappear the desire to play sports.

Do you like running? Start your day with a light jog! Do you adore water? Visit the pool three times a week. You can ride roller skates or bike, dancing or shaping, aerobics or fitness. And you can simply arrange daily walks in the fresh air, most importantly, do it regularly!

At the same time, studies show that the most stable and effective are maturity of physical education. Immediately after Sleep, a person feels cheerful and rest, he does not have a stomach, and therefore the strength and desire to do physical exercises much more.

And how much do you need to play sports? This question is individual, but on average, if with the help of exercise you will burn 1000-2000 kcal a week, it will be enough to maintain the health of your body. To achieve such indicators, you can, for example, walk at a speed of 5.5 km / h for 30 minutes daily, or run at a speed of 10 km / h 20 minutes every day.

We have already been convinced that physical education brings indisputable benefits. Nevertheless, deciding to play sports, it is necessary to consult a doctor and get it approval, especially if you are in old age.

First of all, it concerns running as the most common physical exercise. The fact is that in diseases of the cardiovascular system, orthopedic pathologies and some chronic ailments, it is strictly prohibited. Persons at the age should be pre-consulted with the doctor and choose the most suitable physical education, and in addition, to take a survey annually.

It is important to listen to your own organism and do not do exercises through pain and ailment. It is known, for example, that every third person is forced to abandon occupations running due to pain in the knee joints or spine. Some note that running for long distances is accompanied by numbness and tingling in the fingers and legs. About such symptoms should be informed of the doctor and stop classes in order not to worsen their condition.

Before physical exercises, it is important to arrange a 5-minute warm-up to heat muscles and joints. This will avoid injuries during sports. And you need to finish the exercises with a decrease in the intensity of the exercises performed and the rubbing of preheated muscles.

Do not forget about the replenishment of fluid reserves, because dehydration can lead to decay, dizziness or fainting. 20 minutes before the start of the workout, drink a glass of water, and drove in 50 ml of liquid during the occupation every 10 minutes.

Finally, remember that everything is good in moderation. If the daily 20-30 minute classes strengthen the immune system, then sporting for several hours lead to overvoltage and weakening the protective forces of the body. It is scientifically confirmed that after 2-3 hours of intensive physical exertion, the number of immune cells decreases sharply.

Therefore, find physical activity for yourself, which brings pleasure. If there is absolutely no time in sports, try to abandon the elevator and leave the car away from the place of work so that a couple of kilometers to the office walk on foot. Finally, get the dog and walk it in the morning and evenings. Such a trick will provide you with the necessary motor activity, and will give the joy of communication with the four-legged friend!

Remember, regularly engaged in physical exercises, you will live a bright, healthy, long and, no doubt, a happy life!

"In a healthy body - a healthy mind" - familiar to everyone, which is especially relevant in modern society.

What is physical education

Physical culture is the upbringing of body culture through physical exertion and gymnastics. It develops not only the body, as well as the human nervous system. Loads on the body contribute to the normalization of the activities of the mental system. This is especially important for children, because they absorb huge flow streams every day. Sport helps the brain to remove the tension and return the clarity head.

Physical culture can be therapeutic and adaptive. It helps to restore the human body some functions that were damaged during injury or serious psychological shock. Adaptive physical education is applicable for people who have deviations in development.

Sports in the life of children

Sport takes a special place in the life of children and adolescents. It is necessary not only for harmonious body development, but also to create a feeling of discipline. Sport raises such qualities in the guys as the power of will, perseverance, restraint. These features of the characters learned from childhood will accompany a person throughout the subsequent life.

It has long been proven that people engaged in sports activities are much more often successful. This fact is explained by three reasons:

1. Health.

Sport improves and strengthens health. People have more strength and energy that are necessary for work in any field.

2. Village qualities.

As already mentioned, sport raises a person. He makes him stubborn and attentive.

3. Psychological discharge.

Physical culture is a great way usually people tend to save negative emotions in themselves, while the sports society always knows where to spill the accumulated emotional cargo. This takes place mental health, increases the stress resistance and productivity of solving conflict situations.

Sport accompanies us at all stages of maturation. In secondary schools, physical education is a mandatory subject. Leads a lesson a former athlete or a teacher offers standards of sports achievements that the child should reach at each stage of its development. In order for he successfully graduated from the year, it is necessary to qualitatively pass the standards. Naturally, they are designed only for healthy children. Also, thanks to the standards, you can learn and monitor the level of child's development. Children's physical education is designed to develop body culture during training.

If the student has deviations in health, it can be partially or completely removed from classes. The venue of physical exertion depends on the capabilities of a particular school. In addition to gymnastics, the standard physical education program includes: running, swimming, skiing, long-term jumping, football, basketball, volleyball, acrobatics, aerobics, active games.

Claims of physical culture are held in specially equipped for this classes or at the sports grounds (in warm season).

It implies small loads whose goal is not to achieve certain results in sports. Most often, children are engaged in LFC - therapeutic physical culture. Physical education is aimed at maintaining the body in healthy stateAt the same time the load is minimal. They help the child stretch the muscles, feel the dynamics of exercises, but not to spend all the forces of the body.

The LFC is very common among children who have problems in development or health. For this reason, they can not play sports along with the main group. Much attention to the exercise is paid to the right breathing, which helps to maintain control over the body. Another goal of the LFC is the prevention of diseases and their exacerbations. LFC is very useful not only for schoolchildren, but also for young children.

Effect of physical exertion on the body

It is very difficult to overestimate the influence of physical exertion on the human body. The usefulness of physical education for the growing body is invaluable. The young body needs not only in stimulating fabrics that are formed very quickly. Physical culture is needed so that the child has grown by a psychologically balanced and solid person.

Physical exercises are comprehensively affected by the entire body. Consider in more detail how the human body reacts to moderate loads:

exchange processes of tissues, tendons and muscles are activated, which is an excellent prevention of rheumatism, arthritis, arthritis and other degenerative changes in the organism's motor function;
the activity of cardiovascular and respiratory systems is improved, providing oxygen and useful substances the whole organism;
exercise activate the production of hormones, which leads to stabilization of the operation of metabolic processes;
the neuroregulatory function of the brain is stimulated.

Summing up, it can be said that physical education and sports should be an integral part of the life of any adult and growing person. Engage yourself and instill it with children. Physical culture is the "Eternal Engine" of Life, which makes active, cheerful and complete energy for new achievements.

There are many items in school, some favorite, some no, and among them there is physical education. It was still a lot of missions about him and there are still someone, since someone thinks that this subject is necessary, but someone vice versa. Still, there must be this subject in school or not and where does schoolchildren get off?

Some argue that who needs to be sporting and play sports, they go to sports school, and there is no place in the usual school. In fact, physical education lessons suggest fear and apathy for students, because they are taught in inconsistency. Performing some physical exercise or participating in some sport, everyone is afraid to not laughing and something will go wrong.

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Physical education at school. The benefits of physical education.

Another "but" is the lack of necessary equipment, sports equipment that would make lessons more interesting. Schoolchildren do not like to carry a sporting form with them, do not like to change clothes for the lesson of physical education, etc. If all this would have been able to avoid, that is, there would be no negative associations with physical education, it could even become a favorite subject. Another minus lies in the fact that physical education lessons are somehow illogically distributed in the schedule of lessons.

Pluses of physical education consist in the fact that the children take the active lifestyle. It is not necessary to be an athlete, but everything should be played. Movement is life, it allows the improvement of metabolism and the correct functioning of the body. In addition, you can educate the spirit of competitiveness, but do it right.

As for inclusion in the schedule, physical education is usually implemented between two complex objects. It is not good to put physical culture the first or last lesson. Yes, you can start and finish a school day with sports, but not for this purpose physical education is taught at school. Much depends on the teacher. If there is no dictatorship mode, there is patience and an individual approach, I want to go there.

For and against the lessons of physical education at school.

Sport is very useful for health, as the movement is life. Love for sports is raised in school in the lessons of physical education. Physical education lessons are aimed at developing traction and habit of exercise. They are also conducted to improve the health of children. In order to play sports at any age needsports suit Good quality. It is a tracksuit that will ensure comfort during various physical exertion. Sports costumes are designed specifically so that nothing has shyned movement during physical education or during outdoor activities.

There are different opinions regarding the benefits of physical education lessons. Some children do not like physical education, because they are difficult for them to fulfill certain tasks. It is very important to understand that you need to raise respect for the sport and even try to captivate children. The task of teachers is complex, as an individual approach is very important. Still it will not work so that all the children perform all exercise the same. The school program implies uniform classes for everyone, but in connection with this obligation, many children do not like physical education. Children with poor physical development are often faced with problems, which in some cases achieve good success on other subjects.

Why some schoolchildren do not like physical education lessons? There are many reasons, and everyone has their own. The most common reasons are related to the fact that children begin to joke on each other and tease about the lack of some skills. How could it be solved? Of course, you can get a child to infinity to learn to perform some exercises, but is it possible to achieve high-quality results? In order to raise love for an active lifestyle, it is necessary to make the lessons to be not in a burden and instilled only positive.

Each child must perform the exercises that he can and through the apection of sports that he likes. You can familiarize children with various species Sports, but do not necessarily force them to do. Sport develops the spirit of rivalry, etc., which can go for the benefit, but often in school everything ends with the separation of the team. Physical education lessons at school often distort concepts about sports and some children never want to deal with them. Instead of raising love for an active lifestyle, disgust is brought up. In each class there are sports children who fulfill all the quality and enjoy physical education. There are also children who suffer from physical education lessons, which is also important to take into account. Responsibility always lies with teachers, but also on parents, if parents lead an inactive lifestyle, then the children will imitate them.