From a long time, people are breeding cows, as well as small horned cattle. For each type of animals, it is necessary to create certain conditions of content. With the proper conduct of animal husbandry, the farmer managed to increase the existing livestock over a short time.

Features of animal husbandry

To breed a large and small need to have a fairly large land plot. Farmers engaged in animal husbandry, for this purpose rent large areas of land. With home dilution, cattle is located on the existing territory. At the same time, cows need to provide a sufficiently large stall, lunal. Goats and sheep need a smaller territory.

The question of the lack of space determines which large and small horned cattle will be divorced.

Cattle breeding

Domestic cattle is close and small to the first of the cows. Small pose goats, sheep. Before breeding any kind of animals, you need to evaluate your capabilities.

Very profitable business. Only two animals are able to bring good revenue and fully recoup the costs of their content. Before you make animals, you need:

1. Find out which rocks exist which are found in a specific region.
2. Decide on the place where the animal will be contained. If in the summer it is planned to graze a cow, then it needs to provide a place for the night: a shed, shed. For winter content, you will need a warm room and a lunal.

Deciding with the place of content, the question of choosing the breed is solved. It is not easy, because there are many different cattle representatives.

Breed of cows

For those who have never had cows, it is recommended to select such a breed that will be unpretentious to climate. At the same time, you should not forget that the cow should give a lot of milk.

1. Rass of the Herreford breed. It is famous around the world, since unpretentious to the climate. The color of animals is red, have white spots all over the body. This breed is growing rapidly and has a greater reproduction. After 1.5 years, young people reaches a warm-creation age.
2. The Limousine breed also has a red color, but it is more worn, unpretentious in care. Limousine cows differ from other high fertility: can bring up to three calves for one hotels.
3. Animals are well acclimatized and quickly gain weight. In the warm season they have smooth wool, and in winter it becomes curly and thick.
4. The most common breed is simmental. The profitability of its content is almost one hundred percent.

There are other breeds of cows that are excellent for maintenance in different climatic zones.

MRC: Goats

One of the very first animals that a man has tamed is a goat. These animals are ideally adapting to any climatic conditions, unpretentious in the content.

Goats give different products: fluff, meat, milk, skins.

Among the goats of the down direction are distinguished:

• Breed of Duttonian. From one animal you can get up to one and a half kilograms of fluff about ten centimeters.
• Orenburg goat. This is the biggest downdoor animal. Thin, long, but it is not an elastic and elastic. Because of this particular, the fluff from Orenburg rocks is mixed with the products of other goats, most often from the town.

There are goats, which are kept for milk. The most common breed is the Russian goat. It is a small weight, gives an average of about four liters of milk per day. Zaenny goats have a higher dairy. With good content, they are able to give up to eight liters of milk per day. This small horned cattle has a major constitution and a fairly large weight.

MRC: Sheep

Sheep belong to very early animals. Their sexual maturation occurs already for six months of life. For one, the sheep brings from one to three lambs, in rare cases there may be four. And the skates occur twice a year. Because of this feature, sheep they pay off costs very quickly.

Sheep is not just a small horned cattle, which quickly multiplies. These animals grow well. Already by four months, young people weigh about half of the weight of an adult individual. For example, if an adult sheep according to the breed standards should weigh eighty kilograms, then young people will weigh about forty kilograms in 4 months.

All small horned cattle is divided into fur and meat. The first type has subspecies: coarse, thin-sided, half-rigorous, etc.

Private traders and farmers are most often divorced by the Romanov breed. It is distinguished by universal appointment and high fertility. Professionals recommend to begin breeding small cattle from this breed, since it is unpretentious, perfectly adapts to any climatic zones.

Conclusion

Breeding any animals is hard work. Animals need to feed, remove wool, milking, remove manure, graze. For their content you need a place, they harvest the feed. All this is a hard work that is not for everyone.

Lyudmila Ivanovna Rarekozubova, Veterinary Consultant Consultant of the Division of the Company "Wordprom"

Klostridia - disputes of anaerobic microorganisms. In the external environment, they are in a dense controversy shell, and when they hit the favorable conditions, they lose it. In this case, the process is accompanied by the release of the strongest toxins, which are easily absorbed into the blood and reach the vulnerable bodies - most often the liver, intestines, kidneys, as well as damaged muscles and cells of the nervous system.

Scheme of development of clostridiosis

The causative agent of clostridiosis is very dangerous for the calves until they have formed a scar (3 - 4 months), for cows in the period after a selection (gaps during a selection) and during grazing on conditionally infected pastures. When entering the intestine, Klostridia multiplies, after which they are again covered with a spore shell and with feces are derived from the body. It should be noted that during the penetration of klostridy, the intestine does not always have a disease. Very often they pass through the digestive system with transit and come out of the body in the constant dispute. The severity of the infection has arisen depends on the number of toxins that distinguish between Klostridia when their dispute is entered into a favorable medium, a digestive tract or wound and losing the shell. The increased content of the data of pathogens on farms, reduces the protective forces of the body and the most common conditionally pathogenic microflora begins to activate, causing secondary bacterial diseases in animals (pastellosis, salmonellosis, colibacteriosis, etc.). The greater the argument of clostridium on the facility, the higher the likelihood of their entry into the body.

Table 1

Twelve toxins that determine the high level of pathogenicity of clostrid

Clostridiosis is impossible to completely eradicate, since the pathogen in the controversial form is everywhere in the natural environment (water or body of the animal), expecting ideal conditions for development, and at any time (stress, vaccination, spoiled feed) can show their pathogenicity, causing the development of the disease.

Treatment of clostridiosis with antibiotics and other drugs is not effective. At the reproduction of Klostridy, a strengthened decay of the tissue occurs, which creates favorable conditions for anaerobic microflora. The process is constantly enhanced, toxins and tissue decay products fall into the blood. At the same time, general inxication of organisms occurs and blood supply is broken. In this case, the applied antibacterial substances cannot get into the place of lesion, and toxins, on the contrary, almost freely penetrate into the surrounding tissues, resulting in irreversible processes. For animals, diseased clostridiosis, the forecast is almost always "unfavorable".

As a rule, clostridiosis proceeds superfront, sharply or subacted, which does not contribute to a positive therapeutic effect when taking drugs and mobilize their own forces. By the nature of the release of toxin, Klostridia is divided into main (four) groups of diseases: neurotropic, muscle necrosis, infectious enterotoxmia, liver disease.

table 2

Types of clostridies common in veterinary medicine and medicine

Pathogen	Disease	Signs
S. Perfringens, type A	Anaerobic enterotoxide calves and lambs, malignant swelling, Gangrene and food poisoning in humans
C. Perfringens, type in	Anaerobic dysentery lambs
S. Perfringens, type with	Hemorrhagic Entrothesia of calves, sheep and piglets (necrotic enteritis)
C. Perfringens, Type D	Classical toxic enterotoxmia (softened kidney disease) sheep and adult cattle
S. Perfringens, type E	Enterocemia of calves, piglets, fur animals, wild animals and birds. Necrotic enteritis
S. Chauvoei.	Emcar of cattle Malignant swelling (in association) in large and small cattle, pigs, horses
S. septicum	Bradzot Sheep, malignant animal swelling (in association)
S. Novyi, type A
S. Novyi, type in	Main causative agent for malignant edema
S. novyi, type with	Osteomyelitis buffaloes
C.Novyi, Type D (S. haemolyticum)	Bacillina hemoglobinuria of cattle
S. Histoliticum	Malignant swelling (in association)
S. Sordellii.	Malignant swelling
S. Tetani.	Tetanus
S. Botulinum	Botulism

Klostridia make significant damage to farms and require the adoption of appropriate measures - the mandatory vaccination of animals, disinfection of the premises, the control of feed, the principle of "all freely - everything is busy", especially on the veal. Vaccination of the herd is an insurance in case of illness. Any immunization does not guarantee protection against all losses, but softens the blow from unforeseen problems. Protection of vaccine from clostridium depends on the number of agents in the vaccine.

Millenium. - Vaccine against Emkara, Gas Gangrene, enterotoxemia, bacterial hemoglobinuria and tetanus. It includes: ClostridiumChauvoei, ClostridiumSepticum, ClostridiumSordellii, ClostridiumNovyi type A, ClostridiumPringenSa, B, C, D, ClostridiumSordelli, ClostridiumTani, ClostridiumHaemolyticum.

Cattle: The vaccine is administered to calves from a 40-day age at a dose of 5 ml, after 30 days they are re-immunized in the same dose, and in the future once a year.

Sheep and goats: The lambs and goats are immunized in 30 days at a dose of 2 ml, after 30 days they are vaccinated again, and then once a year.

Pigs: The piglets are vaccinated in 30 days at a dose of 2 ml, repeatedly 30 days, and then 1 time per year.

Examples of immunization schemes Millennium vaccine:

Other immunization schemes can be accompanied under the responsibility of a veterinary doctor.

The vaccine is packaged into bottles of 50, 100 and 250 ml.

Indeed, we are so accustomed to the cows that the lambs turned into something exotic and the question arises: "What?".

Of course a feed is a scale. One cow weighs more than 500 kg, and the sheep is 10 times less.
On the scale of the advantage:

• one hundred cows eaten like 1000 sheep. It is beneficial only to feed producers, and they are our counterparties;
• the housing for one hundred cows is a big structure to have reheated projects. It is beneficial only to builders, and they are our counterparties;

• equipment for milking and content of a hundred cows' heads amazes variety and price. It is beneficial to suppliers, and they are our counterparties.

Thus, the cultivation of cows is beneficial to all except for animals. Because it is not even the biggest milk to compensate for "overheating" of fixed assets. So they are sitting on farms and waiting for bars. Then when they take all the cows, they begin to look towards the lamb.

And what are the advantages of sheep farming?

It is possible to start a bottom, namely, the factors such as the use of deep litter for sheep is more profitable than for cows due to the structure and humidity of the manure. In cows, it is strongly compacted, and the litter turns into a swamp.

One meat cow consumes feed like 10 sheep, but a goby gives 1.5 kg of bridges per day, and the young from 10 nozzles twice as much. Bull We can cut in a year and a half, and lambs at six months. That is, the money is frozen by cattle breeding for a year and a half in unfinished production, and this is a loss of 20% income. You can sell bull only in bulk or go into a meat row. And the lamb can be sold directly to the consumer and get the maximum revenue.

Sheep has such a structure of the cutting apparatus (mean between a cow and horse) that there is no competitor on the cow field. Herbarium of eating plants in sheep is three times more than that of the cow. Sheep can, it is perfectly crushed and digested, and the cow has big problems with it. Sheep extracted from feed by 10-12% more nutrients than cows. Due to the more careful processing of food, as a result of small dimensions.

Moreover, do not oppose cows and sheep. So if there is a twins in the shemate, it is economically advisable to fade by cow's milk in liter on the head a day. And thus it turns out the domestic market for solid milk for 20 rubles, and the lambs will not lag in the development of their peers, who have alone's mothers. Also, sheep better move the remnants of hay from the feeding of his cows. And ensure its full eating.

In conclusion, I can add that the animals stretch more to the sheep, they are safer than cows and accumulate past work well in themselves, but the crusts are cows, because they eat a lot and well to write off the failures in the harvesting of food. The lambs do not forgive this, already on the third day of feeding with rotten hay begins the case.

Vyacheslav Vyacheslav.

The best from Zootachnicoff:

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Animalface is a supplier of integrated e-identification systems of cows, horses, sheep and other animals. Hundreds of organizations in Russia and the CIS countries are already working with us. We offer a full range of hardware and software for RAC and MRC, which has proven itself among various organizations, starting, from small farms, ending with agroholding.

We will help you choose your chip equipment, we will offer to buy chips for sheep, horses, cows and other farm animals. We will enjoy advocate on all the questions you are interested in.

You can always contact us:

Microchips for animals: chips for horses, goats, sheep, cows

110 ₽ (2x12 mm)

130 ₽ (1.4x8 mm)

We offer to buy exclusive chips for cows, horses and other farm animals manufactured by Thailand at wholesale prices. The combination of low prices and high quality gives indisputable advantages over other manufacturers.

In the product line, there are two chip sizes: standard 2x12 mm and mini 1.4x8 mm. In most cases, the standard size can be used, but for some cases it is possible to use mini microchip.

Products fully complies with international standard. ISO 11784/11785. And has ICAR certification.

Microchips for animals (horses, sheep, cows and pigs) are placed in disposable syringes, which gives maximum sterility and ease of use. There is a restrictive retainer, when implantation, microchip makes a click, making it clear that the chip process is completed, which is very convenient. Included with microchip goes 6 stickers with barcode. All packaging in Russian, chips have encoding for Russia - 643.

You do not need to take care of logistics, we free to deliver your order for free In Russia (to the Terminal of the Transport Company or Post of Russia) when ordering from 70 pieces.

We give unique warranty on microchip for the entire period of its sterilization, usually it is about five years!

Chip in a disposable needle

The most economical option for animal identification. You only buy a needle with microchip. The size of the chip is standard 2x12 mm and is suitable for all types of animals. Due to the low cost, it is beneficial to take in large volumes for the Dreams of CRS, MRCs and other large livestock.

The microchip in the disposable needle is also produced as all microchips according to ISO 11784/11785 FDX-B, and certified ICAR, which gives the right to use worldwide.

Includes six stickers with bar code number. For every 300 needles we give one injector is free With the help you can implant microchip. The sterilization period for the product is 5 years from the date of production.

The value of the injection separately 600 rubles.

Microchips for animals: chips for cattle, MRCs and other animals

Animalface offers to buy chips for farm animals wholesale. This is the newest Chinese production equipment using a biocompatible glass. It warns the migration and rejection of the chip after implantation. The minimum dimensions of 2x12 mm are perfectly suitable for small and cattle.

Microchips are manufactured in accordance with ISO 11784 FDX-B standards and certified by ICAR is therefore allowed to use worldwide. They are placed in disposable syringes so that it can be convenient to introduce them into the body of the animal. The production uses only high-quality materials that ensure the painless administration of the chip under the skin.

If you decide to buy chips for pigs and cows, then in the kit you get 6 stickers with barcode and individual number. Microchips are warranty for a year and delivered free of charge through the territory of the Russian Federation. Buy chips for sheep and other s / x animals minimal part of 50 pieces.

Scanner chips for MRC and CRS (RT-MINI)

In our company you can buy farm animal scannerused to read microchip data. The equipment is characterized by ease of operation, high reliability and the ability to read information from the chip located at a distance of up to 15 cm. The scanner functions with chips issued according to ISO 11784/11785 (FDX-B).

Scanner data are displayed on the OLED screen. Informs about the process of reading information a beep. RT-MINI scanner turns off automatically, providing ease of use. You need to buy a cow scanner because of its compact sizes. It is easily placed in hand and pocket.

The feature of the device is the possibility of scanning animal chips that are located near large metal items. 3000 and more readings provide a powerful battery. For its charging, a standard Micro-USB cable is used.

Only now you can buy a scanner for CRS and MRC with a guarantee 24 months!

Microchip reader for cows, horses and other large animals (RT)

The reader has an antenna 13 cm in diameter therefore the maximum distance to read the microchip up to 20 cm.

The menu of the reader is Russian-speaking, including other languages. The scanner works in accordance with the ISO 11784/11785 standard. The appearance on the 15-thymal code indicates the end of the microchip reading. Information on your computer can be transmitted via USB or via Bluetooth.

For power, 3 AA batteries are used, they provide operation for up to 12 hours. The kit is a strap for more comfortable use of the device.

Purchase a scanner for animals follows due to the possibility of using equipment in difficult weather conditions, as it is protected from dust and moisture. The warranty period is 12 months.

Set of equipment for chipping farm animals

Tags for agricultural animals

Chinese-made tag with a single spike is all sizes (S, M, L) and various forms are characterized by high quality and durability. Its characteristics are practically not inferior to expensive New Zealand analogues. In the production of tags, the BASF polyurethane is used. The product is not deformed at high and low ambient temperatures, the engraving can be applied to its surface with a laser or inscription with a special marker.

For the introduction of the tag, a sharp spike produced from the strongest plastic tip is used. Between the main surface of the product and the spike, a distance of 11.5 mm is preserved, which is sufficient for high-quality mounting and free stroke. Can be used with ticks (ticks) Zee Tag. Ideal for large and petty cattle. Sold tags of red, green, yuget and yellow flowers.

Ear electronic tag for cows and other animals

The electronic tag of Turkish production works based on radio frequency identification technology (RFID). It is used for large and small cattle (cows, goats, sheep and others), meets the recognized ISO 11784/11785 standards. The tag functions at a operating frequency of 134.2 kHz. A security system protects from unauthorized access by third parties from unauthorized access.

The tag for agricultural animals of the electronic sample allows you to read data up to 75 cm. With its help, a specialist can easily observe the movement of animals, since dust, dirt and moisture are practically affected by the system. Most farmers prefer the RFID system, because it makes it possible to record weighing procedures, milking. The electronic ear tag has a unique number (15 digits).

Ticks to install tags

Single tags are installed with special ticks that are created by Zee Tag 20 years ago. The second name of the product - Birkachi. Their peculiarity is that the introduction of the Tag in the Ear of CRS and MRC is carried out with the automatic displacement of the applicator. It warns the gap of the skin, makes the process of introducing the product easier and safe. Use ticks can anyone without such experience.

Line of KRS and MRC

The slaughter lines of CRS and MRCs are mechanized structural equipment combined into a single technological branch. Used on meat processing plants with different production turnover. Complies with international and domestic standards. Also, the conveyor shop of large and small cattle is equipped with all the necessary points of primary processing:

• boxing Stunning;
• steel hooks for hanging carcasses;
• bleeding elements;
• saws for cutting;
• non-level zone;
• territory of a veterinary inspection;
• barrels, platforms, refrigeration tunnel, electric, tank, etc.

At the complex slaughter line, different animals are treated, - pigs, cows, goats, birds, rams, sheep. Metal parts of the design are made of high quality stainless steel. It can withstand strong mechanical loads, easily transfers amplitude temperature changes and effectively impede aggressive environments.

Lines of slaughter of CRS and MRC in Moscow - Advantages

Such technological branches have the necessary strength and excellent performance. Their steel surfaces are securely protected from slipping. Most operations are implemented by a mechanized manner. A, the layout of the KRS slaughter line in Moscow corresponds to a high international level. Forting as a result of processing, offal, removed by working personnel in special waste windows.

Equipment is easily installed in large and small workshops, have compact dimensions, and high power at 8 kW / h (in summer) and 12 kW / h (winter). Their performance can vary from 40 to 100 heads in shift. The price of the slaughter of MRCs in Moscow is established taking into account the technological equipment of the complex and its capabilities. For example, to fully rinse the carcass of the animal, it is necessary about 80 liters of water. A, 10 liters of liquid are sufficient to clean the conveyor itself.