What is dangerous agglutination of spermatozoa? Causes, types and treatment. How to treat gluing sperm. Agglutination of spermatozoa: what it is, how to treat what agglutination in the spermogram two plus
What is agglutination spermatozoa?
The agglutination of spermatozoa is a concept in medicine, which characterizes the procedure for sticking of active spermatozoids among themselves and / or with other constituent sperm. This pathology negatively affects the move of the fertilization of the egg, since the "merchants" spermatozoa cannot get into it.
The reasons for the appearance of the disease are diverse and are a consequence of major diseases, so a man who has discovered the problem must immediately go to the diagnosis.
The agglutination of spermatozoa is not considered a disease as such, however, recognized by the pathology, the late treatment of which or the absence of such can lead to impotence, the birth of unhealthy children, and is also one of the reasons for infertility. Sperm
Depending on the nature of the gluing of men's weights, experts identify several types of agglutination of spermatozoa:
- true (specific) - there is a sticking of sperm with each other in the head or flagella region, which is why those cease to be movable;
- false (nonspecific) - Men's gamets glued with other components of sperm, which also leads to immobilization of Games. This type of agglutination is called "aggregation".
- mixed agglutination of spermatozoa - aggregation and agglutination is observed at the same time, which happens in very rare cases.
Mechanism
Spermatogenic epithelium of seed channels is the location of Games in the body of a man. For the fact that the blood does not get into the seed fluid, as well as with the immunity system, the cells of the sertoli that create a hemotesticular barrier are corresponding.
In case of failure of the cells of the sertoli, the barrier appears "Break", which is why the spermatozoa and the immune system appears. Gamets, like sex cells, have a chromosoma aft, which the immune system recognizes as incorrect, defective, alien.
The process of destroying them is launched by developing antibodies - special proteins that fill the surface of the spermatozoa, having a charge with the sign "-".
The bodies with a negative charge have the property to be repelled from each other, however, the enveloping protein antibodies destroy the charged gears, which is why they cease to repel, which leads to gluing among themselves, as well as with other fractions of the ejaculate.
Causes of the failure in the work of the cells of the sertoli
Agglutination is not a disease and is one of the symptoms of the underlying disease, which negatively affects the work of the hemotesticular barrier.
The main reasons for glowing glows are as follows:
- damage and squeezing the genitals of a man. From this, a violation of the sulfur particles can occur, as a result of which they died and cause an inflammatory process;
- inflammatory process that causes the appearance of bacteria feeding with healthy cells;
- hormonal failures that negatively affect the production of testosterone that is responsible for the formation of seed fluid, and with it - spermatozoa;
- diseases of the urogenital system that increase the creation of agglutinated weights and increase sperm luggage;
- immunity failure, lowering the degree of protection of a hemotesticular barrier, why sperm is falsely accepted for alien bodies and destroyed by antibodies;
- parotitis or pig, in children.
In addition to the above factors, the consequences of the adhesion of spermatozoa becomes, there are other reasons for the pathological process:
- violation of the process of seeds;
- varicose veins, affecting the scope of the Eggs (varicocele);
- genetic predisposition;
- anemia;
- drinking alcohol and drug use;
- some medications.
Diagnostics
The clinical picture of the agglutination of spermatozoa is expressed only in one symptom - difficulties with conception. It is possible to identify pathology solely with the help of diagnostic studies passing into two main stages.
Stage First - MAR Test
For MAR test, both venous blood and seed fluid is taken as the material. The study contributes to determine the amount of affected weights, as well as their ratio as a percentage of total.
Stage second - spermogram
The spermogram is the most informative and reliable study of the composition of the ejaculate and its ability to fertilize.
Sperm indicators are being studied:
- viscosity;
- volume;
- color;
- possible presence of blood and its components and similar characteristics;
- the mobility of sperms and their condition is determined.
Stage Third - Other General Analyzes
Other analyzes and diagnostic methods, such as:
- blood fence;
- urine;
Allow the causes of pathology and a disease that caused sperm sticking.
Both in the first and in the second stage, the main way of fence of material for analysis is self-masturbation. It is very important that the fence is carried out correctly, since the seed fluid has a property of changing the degree of degree.
The maximum period during which the material must be studied - three hours. In addition, the sperm should not test harsh temperature differences, under the action of which spermatozoa may die, and the analysis itself will become unreliable.
Based on the research, the preliminary diagnosis is confirmed or refuted - the agglutination of spermatozoa, and the degree of detection is detected.
Degrees of agglutination and sperm quality
According to the quality composition "Healthy" sperm should not be thick and contain lumps.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), normal quantitative and high-quality sperm indicators are:
- volume of seed fluid - more than two milliliters;
- the number of active spermatozoa is not less than half of the total;
- the number of "healthy" hamets is at least thirty percent.
Marking "ABS" in the spermogram means the absence of pathology. If there is a deviation from the regulatory indicators, it means that the disease is present.
The degree of agglutination is four types:
- 1 degree - isolated (+) - the presence of small groups of agglutinating sperm in the amount of no more than five units in each;
- 2 degree - medium (++) - several small groups of agglutinating spermatozoa in an amount of from ten to twenty units in each;
- 3 degree - severe (+++) - large groups of agglutinating spermatozoa in the amount of more than twenty units in each;
- 4 Degree - the hardest (++++) - in the studied volume, almost all spermatozoa are glued, which are in a fixed state, which indicates the value "D" of the spermogram.
Based on the identified characteristics of agglutination, the specialist prescribes the necessary therapy.
Treatment
The treatment of agglutination and aggregation of spermatozoa is appointed by a urologist after conducting all diagnostic studies and in the case when the reason caused by pathology was detected. There are several types of therapy that directly depend on the degree of the disease.
Medicate
Conservative treatment with medical preparations is carried out in the diagnosis of inflammatory processes in the man's body.
Antibiotics are prescribed to destroy various types of pathogenic bacteria, and with them medicines aimed at reducing inflammation.
Such a complex of treatment leads to purification from dead cells and restoring sperm properties. If the infection is localized in the prostate gland, the doctor may appoint the following medical devices as:
- Prostamol UNO;
- Prostanorm;
- Vitaprost.
Conservative treatment is applied in hormonal failures. Hormone therapy is assigned aimed at raising testosterone levels by consisting of appropriate drugs.
In some cases, treatment is aimed at an increase in the mobility of sperm and the elimination of antispermal proteins. For this purpose, drugs such as gonadotropin and clomiphenes are discharged.
Surgical intervention
Operations for eliminating agglutination and aggregation of spermatozoa can be used in the damage to the genital organs by vascular diseases, for example, varicocele, or other diseases, such as:
- twist rope eggs;
- prostate adenoma.
ethnoscience
Folk Medicine, as well as a diet, an active lifestyle, is recommended at a light degree of agglutination, but it is impossible to treat pathology only by folk remedies.
Healers advise the use of mummy, which should be picked off with natural berry juice, as well as regular use of herbal teas and decoctions.
Such measures can help in lifting immunity, reducing the degree of inflammatory processes in the body, etc.
Conception and pathology
Small degrees of pathology leave the low probability of fertilization, but doctors do not recommend using it, since the risk of a child with genetic deviations is great.
Successful treatment can fully restore the qualitative characteristics of the ejaculate with the preservation of the ability to fertilize, however, in most launched cases, the quality of sperm is impossible to restore.
Both cases involve the process of filtering sperm, after which it is entered into an egg cell in the method provided by the selected method of fertilization. 
Prevention
To reduce the risk of cerematozooid sticking, a man should adhere to the following preventive measures:
- include in the ration of products containing vitamin C, which improves digestion;
- avoid damage to the genital organs, in particular, the testicles;
- lead a healthy and active lifestyle and abandon bad habits;
- do not expose the body with high and low temperatures;
- eliminate the wearing of close and synthetic underwear, which may be ericed;
- if possible, do not apply lubricant during intercourse;
- regularly have sex;
- to undergo surveys of the urogenital system, at least once a year to identify deviations and pathology in time.
With unsuccessful attempts to have a child, a couple appeals to specialists who prescribe a number of diagnostics, allowing to identify fertile possibilities of a man and a woman. When evaluating the state of a man, a spermogram is an important study method of study, which consists in studying the state of sperm and evaluating its fertilizing abilities.
The results of the spermogram show deviations that are in the patient's health state and the problem of its reproductive system. One such problem is agglutination and aggregation in the sperm.
Concept and reasons
What does agglutination mean in spermogram? This term denote the sticking of genital cells. Normally, sperm must be single and mobile. Normally agglutination in the spermogram should not be.
When gluing with each other, they cannot move and achieve an egg cell, respectively, may not be about any fertilization. Experts identify two types of agglutination:
- True spermatozoa, manifested in gluing among themselves;
- False, sticking of other particles: destroyed cells, epithelium, mucus lumps and others.
The forum "Mixed agglutination in the spermogram" discusses this problem often, but it occurs quite rarely and requires immediate treatment with the use of drugs, to assign only a specialist.
Degree of agglutination in spermogram
The degree of agglutination in the sperm can be four types:
- Easy with the presence of no more than 10 bonding spermatozoa in one agglutinate;
- Average contains from 10 to 50 such cells, and there are free;
- Significant, more than 50 cells are glued, free are found in isolated cases;
- Severe, at which free sperms are not visible at all.
Causes of agglutination in spermogram:
- Development of infectious disease;
- Lack of vitamins and trace elements;
- Hormonal disorders;
- Immunological response of the body.
In the first case, the antibodies that are distinguished by the organism are struggling with alien cells, passing up and their own, antibodies contribute to the gluing of spermatozoa with each other and enzymes. At the same time, the infection itself causes violations in the work of the organs of a small pelvis, which worsens the quality of sperm.
The immunological factor is implemented through a hematotestical barrier, which normally prevents the interaction of sperm with the immune system, without giving sex cells to fall into the blood. In case of failure, your own sperms are perceived by the body as alien, and it produces antispermal bodies that cause them gluing. This can occur after injury, damaging testicles, surgical intervention or development of male sexual diseases. That's what agglutination in the spermogram.
Diagnostics
To determine this pathology, a spermogram is prescribed, and a mar-test and direct test with immune balls is used to assess the degree of agglutination in spermogram.
In the mar-test, the sample sample is mixed with latex balls or human erythrocytes covered with antispermal antibodies. Then the anti-immunoglobulin is dripped into the mixture and observed the gluing of spermatozoa with balls. What it is more, the higher the degree of agglutination.
For a direct test, wash spermatozoa was used, which are stirred with particles covered with antichelomic rabbit immunoglobulins. If there is antispermal bodies in ejaculate, they bind to movable spermatozoa.
Indirect tests are also used, for example, through serum. They apply when there is no possibility to take sperm for analysis.
With agglutination 1a in the spermogram or a light degree, the possibility of conception is quite high. The higher the degree of indicator, the lower the probability of conception. If mixed agglutination is observed in the degree of D spermogram, that is, heavy, chances are zero.
Treatment of agglutination
Treatment of agglutination in spermogram initially requires revealing the cause of this violation. So, if the violation is caused by infection, it must be cured, then the indicators will change for the better.
The use of medicines is aimed at slowing down the exit of lymph. For this, glucocorticoid preparations are used, the treatment with which should be carried out carefully and in accordance with the recommendations of the doctor. An illiterate use of such means is able to disrupt the hormonal balance of the body and lead to even worse results.
Unsuccessful treatment of agglutination in spermogram: Eco.
If such treatment failed and, with a re-analysis, the indicators did not improve, the reason is likely to be in the specific operation of the man's immune system. In such cases, the use of ECO and ICSI is recommended. With these procedures, sperm treatment occurs, in particular, it is cleared of mucus and viable spermatozoa is distinguished. Up to a significant degree of lesion, when at least single active spermatozoa is found, the use of Ixi is justified.
Glued livelists can be in healthy men, but still this phenomenon is pathological and May cause infertility.
Types of agglutination:
- True (specific). Camping with sperm with the heads or flagellas. This violates their mobility, and they do not cope with their main task - the fertilization of the egg.
- False. This is nonspecific agglutination. Gamets glue with sperm fractions. It also reduces motor ability.
- Mixed. This species rarely meets and implies both cumsions with each other and with the other sperm elements.
All cases change the structure of sperm, which becomes thick, the lumps are visible in it.
Many use a hormonal method aimed at Increase testosterone.With hormones do not need to joke, so the treatment passes strictly under the supervision of the doctor.
Elected-quality sperm is the root cause of a sharp reduction in the human population. The decision of the demographic problem becomes the main issue of modernity. To have a successful conception, you should immediately improve male health. To combat the ailment, all the ways are good, but should not be engaged in self-medication. To learn the joy of paternity, it is better to resort to the help of a qualified physician.
Agglutination in a spermogram is a pathology at which a man loses the ability to natural conception. In agglutination, the spermatozoa is attracted to each other, cell gluing occurs. In the normal state it does not happen, since the gametes have a negative charge. When sticking sperm, motor activity is disturbed and genetic material is damaged.
What the term means
The agglutination of spermatozoa can be detected in a man during a spermogram. In this state, the sticking of various parts of the genital cells takes place. During the analysis of sperm with a multiple increase in the specialist sees a bunch and lumps from spermatozoa. In a healthy man, the cells are repelled from each other and move one by one. Pathological gluing leads to a decrease in fertility, but does not always mean infertility. It is important to determine the degree of change in order to assess the perspective for correction.
Aggregation and agglutination are terms that are often found together. Difference - in the mechanism of cell muciation. If, with agglutination, the spermatozoa is attracted to each other, the aggregation is accompanied by prying on the gamets of foreign inclusions.
Experts subdivide agglutination on true, false and mixed. Depending on which is detected in the patient, the status of fertility is determined, the method of correction and the prospect of natural conception.
True
With true agglutination in the male seed fluid, glued sperms are detected. They can join each other with all body or individual parts. The adhesion of the tails reduces the motor activity of the cells. If spermatozoa is joined by heads, then the risk of damage to the genetic material increases.
With the true form of the disease, the fertility of a man is reduced. In some cases, the infertility is determined and there is no probability of natural conception.
False
The mechanism for the development of agglutination with a false form of another. In this case, the spermatozoa is adjacent to each other through a biological conductor. Direct gluing parts of the body does not occur. There is mucus, epithelium, leukocytes or other impurities between spermatozoids.
With false agglutination, the forecast is more favorable. To select an effective method of treating, doctors conduct in-depth diagnostics, which allows to determine the causes of the adhesion of sperm.
Mixed
With a mixed type of agglutination, germ cells glued together with each other on their own and using the conductor. Usually, during a spermogram, a laboratory manifests a cluster of genital heams a mixture with mucus and other biological substrates.
The reasons
The main provocateur of agglutination experts consider violation of the hematotesticular barrier. It is necessary to protect spermatozoa from the aggressive impact of its own immune system. The hematotestical barrier is between seed tubules and blood vessels. Thanks to the physical barrier, spermatozoa does not have direct contact with the protective system of the body.
In case of violation of the barrier, immunity recognizes "non-standard" cells and accepts them for a foreign object. Explains these processes a special structure of spermatozoa.
In contrast to all cells of the human body, sex gels have not 46 chromosomes, but 23.
Causes of the violation of the hematotesticular barrier:
- chronic sexually transmitted infections;
- inflammatory processes in the organs of a small pelvis;
- surgical operations performed on the testicles;
- egg injuries;
- mechanical damage to the integrity of the seed tubules;
- congenital anatomical features of the structure of the genital organs;
- hormonal disorders;
- long use of toxic drugs;
- neoplasm in small pelvis.
Diagnostics
Visually aggregation and agglutination in the spermogram do not manifest themselves. Sperming the sperm does not change the organoleptic properties of the seed fluid. Only with the severe form of the inflammatory process and the extensive gluing of Games can notice the presence of lumps in sperm.
For diagnosis of pathology, an extended sperm with a MAR test is performed. The study allows you to identify antispermal antibodies that become the main reason for gluing genital cells. During the diagnosis of sperm, the classification of the pathological process is used:
- (+) - one plus says that there is less than ten glued cells in the seed liquid sample;
- (++) - reports that the amount of adhesive Games - from 10 to 50;
- (+++) - indicates that more than 50 cells with agglutination are detected;
- (++++) - is assigned sperm, in which all spermatozoa is glued.
If all the sperm indicators are normal, and the mercated cells are not found, the doctor makes conclusion about Normozoocyrosimia. In the agglutination column, the laboratory can specify ABS abbreviation or put a dashboard.
Probability of conception
In disruption of the integrity of the hematotesticular barrier, it is possible to estimate the prospect of natural conception only after the extended examination. It is important to establish what provoked the problem. Depending on the cause, the doctor will select the correction technique. There are many examples in medicine when agglutination was cured with medicines.
If sperm never cease to stick after treatment, and there is no natural conception, doctors recommend methods of auxiliary reproductive technologies.
Treatment
The agglutination of spermatozoa is treated according to an individual scheme.
- Since chronic inflammations and infections become most often the cause of the gluing cells, it is necessary to be examined. When the pathogen is detected, antibacterial therapy is prescribed.
- Hormonal disorders require appropriate methods of therapy. After determining the hormonal status, the individual dosage of the necessary drugs is selected.
- Upon explicit disorders of the immune system, regulatory therapy is carried out. To appoint treatment, you need to contact the immunologist.
- Surgical intervention is required in varicocele, seed injuries and other serious pathologies.
- Vitamins, biological additives, vegetable preparations are prescribed as auxiliary tools. They increase the activity of spermatozoa and increase the likelihood of natural conception.
Before treating agglutination, the patient is recommended to obtain the conclusion of Andrologist, the urologist, immunologist. With low therapy, you will have to seek help to a reproductist. The methods of auxiliary reproductive technologies allow you to become fathers even those men who in the spermogram minimize spermatozoa.
The disease agglutination spermatozoa is expressed in the merging of several "Games" together. If the process is launched or there is natural pathology, you can see small clots pointing to the muffin of sperm. In the usual form, the "livestock" have a specific structure that is clearly different when laboratory tests under a microscope. With agglutination, the spermatozoa sticks out one of its parts or completely with all the body and lose their activity.
If the Secretary remains 30% of the active "Games", then you can count on the successful fertilization of the egg. Otherwise, a man becomes fruitless.
Causes of cerematozooid sticking
The agglutination of spermatozoa is a pathology that is acquired. There are several types of this disease that are distinguished by the consequences.
- The concept of true agglutination includes the following manifestations: spermatozoa is glued together with one of the parts and become inactive. This disease leads to infertility.
- Non-specific agglutination is expressed by the merger of spermatozoa with various fractions that are part of the seed fluid. The result of this disease also becomes low mobility of the weight and decrease in the ability of fertilization.
Sperm agglutination can have several reasons. It may affect strong supercooling, injuries of the groin area or a childbearing organ, operational intervention, improper nutrition or trace elements.
How does the disease develop
The cause of the disease agglutination spermatozoa becomes the presence of antispermal antibodies. It is they who contribute to a decrease in Games activity. Antibodies glue the spermatozoa among themselves or with other enzymes.
The usual location of the seed fluid is the tubules in which "livestock" do not come into contact with blood and immune system. Cells of sertoli contribute to preventing mixing. When they cease to perform their function, the body's immune system begins the process of rejection of alien elements. Antibodies appearing in this process completely immobilize the activity of Games and lead to infertility.
The consequences of pathology
To identify this pathology, it is necessary to undergo a survey from a specialist and, as well as to carry out laboratory research for the presence of infections. With a minimal manifestation of the disease, doctors are diagnosed with infertility.
The agglutination of spermatozoa is mixed is quite rare, but such cases are also found in medical practice. It indicates a violation of the immune system and requires immediate intervention of specialists. Most often, the agglutination of spermatozoa mixed requires drug treatment, but do not trust unverified sources and neglect medical care.
Methods of getting rid of pathology exist different, they depend on the reasons for which the disease occurred. In immune disorders in the body, everything can be eliminated by drug treatment at sufficiently short time. At the same time, both partners should be treated. Only in this case is possible.
Cause of the disease The agglutination of spermatozoa mixed may lie in infection with venereal infections. In this case, it is necessary to pay off the root cause, and only after that apply treatment to the consequences.
Treatment of agglutination spermatozoov
In the normal state of the seed fluid, the spermatozoa has a negative charge and pushed apart from each other. This contributes to their activity and possibility of fertilization. With the slightest violation of this process, an urgent examination and troubleshooting is necessary.
Drug funds need to achieve a slowdown in Lymph exit. This contributes glucocorticoid drugs. They are taken at a certain time and in a strictly designated dosage, which is assigned individually. If you do not disrupt the appointment, then you can get rid of the disease in a short time.
In some cases, it is necessary to re-conduct a spermogram that will show the further path of action. For complete recovery, other drugs are prescribed. In the event that the cause of the disease agglutination of spermatozoa, the treatment of which was delayed, but did not bring results, it is not inflammation, become pregnant naturally will not work. Doctors offer another way out of the situation:
- cleansing and filtering sperm;
- intrauterine fertilization.
In any case, it is necessary to start treatment and achieve the best result. Men should be careful and prevent the possibility of the appearance of this pathology.
