Virgin Grapes (Lat. Parthenocissus) or devichi grapes - The genus of plants that belong to the family of vinogradov. There are about 10 species that grow preferably in a wild form in North America and Asia. Latin name comes from the words "virgin" and "ivy", which have a Greek origin. The name of the plant is associated with its ability to produce fruit without resorting to the process of pollination.

Description

Most amateurs considers the maiden grapes (fivethylistic) wild plants, however, this is a great delusion: maiden grapes to edible species has no relationship.

Three types of this genus are grown as a decorative plant. In landscape design, maiden grapes began to use from the XVII century.

They were decorated with arbors and terraces, decorated the walls of houses or household buildings, the plant was used in the creation of live elevations and even as a soil plants.

Plant is a leaf falling large or evergreen liano (less often), the old branches of which have a very dense coating in the form of a crust. The leaves of the liana are palpal, complex, sometimes three-blade, are located on long stiffs. In the summer and spring leaves have a dark green color, and in the fall acquire a purple bright shade. It is recommended to break the soil around the plant after the rain or irrigation, and when the sections with bare roots are found - to plunder the ground bush.

Soothes in Liana curly, cling to any support with their branched mustache, reach 15-20 m in length. Sweating shields are developing in opposition: in sinuses or leaves. Inflorescences can consist of turbulent or ripple flowers that have a greenish whisk. Fruits are inedible berries of a dark blue shade.

Then what is the attractiveness of the virgin grapes for designers and gardeners?

The plant has disadvantages:

However, with all the shortcomings, if desired, it is possible to accept, because the unpretentiousness and decorativeness of this variety remains above all silence.

Landing in the garden.

Where and how to plant maiden grapes. You can propagate this plant in several ways, but if you like experiments and you have enough free time, then you should try to grow with seeds. Sowing can be produced all year round. Before summer or spring sowing should be stratified seeds - for this they are first kept in the water (cold) for swelling, and then put a special container (food plastic fit) with wet sand, after which it all places in a vegetable box in the refrigerator for a couple of months . The temperature of the content must be in the range of 5 ° C.

Landing decorative grapes under winter or in cold regionsFor example, in Siberia - also takes place. First, they should be ashamed in cold water 3-4 days for swelling. It is not necessary to strateg them, since they will be subjected to natural stratification for the winter months spent in the soil, after which they will travel to the next spring. Planting a five-line grape can be made at any time of the year, the main thing is to pre-dock seeds in cold water.

This plant without a difference where grow, however, decorative will be directly dependent on the degree of illumination: In the sun, the color of the leaves is always brighter than in the shade. Lian growth will also go faster in the sunny area. In those places where the cold wind is constantly blowing, maiden grapes is growing bad. Do not plant a plant near waste or plumbing pipes or by electrical wires. It is best to choose a place that is located near the barn or gazebo, a wooden or concrete fence, near the plastered brick wall.

How to properly plant? It was previously mentioned that Liana grows perfectly on any indulgeted soil, but the best soil for the plant remains driving soils with a weakly acid, weakly alkaline or neutral pH. Planting seeds is made in a loose soil for 1 cm deep into the depth, after which the seedman close and watered.

Caring for maiden grapes

Care of this variety of grapes is reduced by more account to the removal of weeds, trimming the weeds, rare irrigation into dry weather, however, that the plant is in the best form, it should be worth a little longer.

For young plants, it is necessary to install support until they acquire tenacious mustaches that can withstand Lian on some rough surface. Caring for grapes also includes timely watering: 10 liters of water for each plant 3-4 times per season. Watering must be carried out only if the upper layer of soil under the bush is already a mischief.

At the beginning of summer, for better plant care, it should be added to the water for watering the nitroammofosk, and closer to the wrapping of the season you will feed the grapes using a complex mineral fertilizer.

An excellent effect gives a mulching of a circle near the trunk with a layer of humus, compost or peat with a thickness of 6 cm. In the fall, the mulch should be embedded in the soil, after which pour a new one from above.

Methods of breeding

You already know about the reproduction of the virgin grapes using seed landing, however, the simplest and most affordable method of reproduction of the plant remains pavement. How to reproduce Lian Strenniki? After the plant was triggered, the segments of shoots and a weave remain from it, which can be used as cuttings. The easiest are rooted with weathered cuttings, which have no less than a pencil and on which there are at least 3 healthy kidneys.

The glorification of the virgin grapes, like sowing, can be carried out all year round, but the predominant time of the year remains spring.

Saplings in the hot summer should regularly water, especially if you want to use grapes in landscape design. Watering needs to be carried out until they become actively growing. Do not forget to protect the plant from exposure to direct sunlight in the first months of life.

Vintage reproduction

We decorate the Liana's lianas on the ground, attaching it with hooks or hairpins and sprinkle with fertile soil in those places where the kidneys are located on the plenty. Pour the grain. Over time, young roots will appear from the kidneys. If the beach was short, it must be fully put in the dug groove, leaving only the top on the surface, which should be raised by 15-20 cm. Locked in a furrow, the earth falls asleep and is regularly watering, and after rooting and released the first shoots, the whip must be separated from maternal bush.

Breeding grape root siblings

This method is also quite convenient: we pump off the root siblings from the soil and land them on a new place, where the seedlings need to fool the year, providing proper care. The root cerviation should be at the same level where it was. As soon as the seedlings are strengthened, they must be transplanted for a permanent place.

Grape transplant

Sometimes there is a need to transplant the bush of the girl's grapes to a new, more appropriate place. The earlier such a need arose, the easier the bush transplant procedure, although there are known cases when a five-year and even more mature plant successfully transplant to the new "place of residence".

We prepare in advance a pit for Liana Approximately this size so that the entire root system fit together with the earthen room. However, the depth should be slightly larger, because the bottom of the drainage (crushed ceramic tile, rubble or broken brick) is a thickness of about 15 cm. From top of the drainage with a layer of sand in 12 cm, and then fill a hole to the pit after a mixture of humus, deciduous land and Sand in proportion 2: 2: 1.

After a couple of weeks, when the soil falls in the pit, cutting off the grapes so that it is more convenient to replant it. They dig up a bush and put it on a piece of oilcloth or dense fabric, after which you drag the plant to the new pit. If you do not succeed in preserving all the roots of grapes - it does not matter, because if a new place is like a plant along the temper, it will restore everything very quickly.

I lower the earthen com, together with the roots in the pit and fall asleep all the remaining space of the cooked soil. The root neck of the transplant bush should remain at the ground level. The bush after a transplant should be thoroughly politb, after which, if necessary, add some more land and compact the surface. If there is a doubt about whether Liana is taken in a new place - add a little corneurifier before boarding a pit, for example, Kornin or Epina.

Pruning grapes

The first couple of years after landing or sowing, grapes has an unavailable appearance, however, when the shoots begin to actively develop, it is very important to engage in the formation of the skeleton of the plant so that the lianen's vacilations grow in the right direction and at the right distance from each other, forming a reasonable delicious luxury and certain Form. The formation of the crown is made to conduct a garden secateur. Do not delay the start of the trimming and try not to allow weedness of shoots. While the stems are still green, direct them where you need and fix on the support. Feel free to remove unnecessary shoots, while doing a cut above the young and healthy kidney.

As soon as skeletal branches of the plant will be formed, you will only remain sanitary cleaning of the bush in the spring and limit the growth of shoots - you can not allow them to grow, otherwise the grapes turn into sloppy rusty thickets. In special care and maintaining a good form requires a hedge of decorative grapes.

Diseases and pests

Neither pests nor the disease show interest in the virgin grape, however, the plant with improper care can be hit by rot, what will be the appearance of the leaves. Sick shoots and leaves should be removed without regret, watering is recommended for some time to stop, and the plant must be treated with a solution of a fungicide, for example, phytoosporin.

When detecting on the maiden grapes of some pest should immediately treat Liano insecticide. What exactly the drug should be used - depends on the type of pest, which was defeated by your plant, however, such means as "actar" and "verthem" are universal and can save grapes from almost any insect.

Are you still in doubt, is it worth putting in the garden Girl grapes? Discard all doubts and proceed! No more simple in the cultivation and leaving of the Lian to decorate the site. With the help of the virgin grapes, you can turn the barn to the fairytale palace, - to the mysterious tent, and the fence from the chain grid in the impenetrable wall. We will tell you how this plant is breeding in the open soil, we will help with the choice of a variety for landing. The article illustrates colorful photos.

Plant Description: varieties and varieties

The Botanical Name - Parthenocissus, in the translation of "virgin ivy", belongs to the family, has the second name - "Devichi grapes".

Roda ParthenocissusStoms from 19 species. We are grown in open soil two types of girlish grapes:

• Pentalist (Parthenocissusguinguefolia);
• Parthenocissustricuspidata).

Pentalist virgin ivy is a liana with five finger-chopped leaves. Oval shape leaves, pointed. For growth, a support is necessary to which Liana is fastened with the help of existing mustache. With normal development, shoots reach more than 18 meters. Flowers in summer. Fruits inedible. Autumn green foliage becomes red. Prefers to grow at sunny places. Very frosty.

A triold maiden grapes is a liana with three finger-binding leaves. At the ends of the shoots - up to 10 amps that the plant is attached to the support. The mustache has suckers, so you will rather break down the escape, than you can tear it from support. Soots grow up to 10 meters. Less than fastened than fivethist.

Victor grapes:

1. Henry is good for apartment reproduction. Located in quite deep containers. Suitable for bonsai.
2. Attached - grown as a houseplant.
3. Eelnelman - he has small, tightly sitting leaves. Very rapidly growing.
4. Molaous - the leaves are published from below, like young shoots. Winter is bad.
5. Wich is a very popular variety of triostar grapes.

Plant landing

Devichi grapes does not require particularly fertile soil and does not like dry and exhausted, it takes a minor soil salinization. To the light, he is undemanding. It feels well in the sun and in the shade. But still keep in mind that landing in the shade will affect the color of his foliage in the fall - it will remain green to the most frosts and will not be painted in a beautiful burgundy or yellow color, as well as Liana may not bloom and not form picturesque covers with dark berries.

The landing time does not have a value, liana is equally well and in the spring and autumn. According to the gardeners, it is enough just to plant and pour, and then the grapes are already growing independently - just have time to cut an extra increase.

A week before landing at a permanent place, you need to prepare and emphasize the soil. Remove weeds and dig a pit for landing with a size of 50 x 60 cm. A removal land is mixed with a bucket of compost and a sand bucket. On the bottom of the pit, you need to pour a liter can of ash or 300-400 g of dual superphosphate. To equip the drainage: crushed stone, broken brick, clamzit (which is at hand), on top of a plank or slices, so that the drainage does not quickly float the earth. Pour a piece of carved soil. Next, to straighten the roots of the seedling and shove the remaining soil. To form a watering hole and climb. The distance between the seedlings is recommended at least 1 m. After landing, be sure to spare.

If you plan to grow a long-term soil carpet from the girlish grapes on a large area, then the plants need to be planted in 0.6 m, and 2-4 pieces to plant into each well.

While Liana is small, install the support or tie to direct the plant in the right direction. An adult plant requires a serious support, so Liana is planted in an open ground for many years, then take care of it in advance.

Important. When landing the virgin grapes do not block the root neck - it should be located at the ground level.

Caring for maiden grapes

Girl grapes are a very unpretentious tree liana, in conditions of open soil, care for it is quite simple, it is enough just to regularly and in time to carry out a sanitary trimming of a weave and water in a strong drought. Without pruning, this beautiful plant can turn into ugly thickets.

It is not necessary to cover the plant for the winter, since frost-resistant varieties predominate in our latitudes, but even if the scourge is jumped, then there is nothing terrible - new young shoots will come from the kidneys. It is enough just to trim the screens to healthy wood.

For the first few years, Liana is actively increasing the root mass, during this period it is required to feed fertilizers twice over the season of vegetation. It is also necessary to encourage a young plant, in the future it will find a support itself, clinging to the toasts and air roots for any roughness on the surface.

Freshing virgin ivy will give an annual increase in several meters. So that Liana does not launch the entire area, let's figure out how to carry out the formation.

1. Growing young shoots need to be directed by support, thus we form the skeleton of plants.
2. Those shoots that grow no where you need not be afraid to delete immediately. It does not hurt Liane.
3. After forming a skeleton, only sanitary trimming of the spring and holding trimming in the summer is carried out. All weak, damaged shoots are removed, as well as those that thicken the plant or give a sloppy view.

Council. When trimming shoots, leave no more than 5 mm over the kidney, then you get rid of yourself from sticking stumps, which looks ugly.

Fertilizer and grapes

In the first three years, the root system of the plant is actively developing. At the beginning of summer or in the spring you need to feed the virgin ivy nitroammophos - 40-50 g, or any other universal complex fertilizer. In the future, the plant in the feeder does not need.

Reproduction of the plant

There are several ways to reproduce the virgin grapes in the open soil, select the most suitable for you.

Diggers. In the spring, select the kidneys whore and stack in several places to a depth of 5 cm, pre-pinned to the ground in these places with a wire or stud. The end of the shoulder is not checked. Water well. By autumn, get several ready-made grown seedlings.

Cuttings.The drawing is produced in spring or autumn. Choose a 3-4 summer leaf thick with a pencil and cut into pieces with 4-5 green kidneys. Tell all the leaves. Let's go so that two kidneys remained on the surface. So that the cuttings faster gave roots slightly scratch the part that you are stuck.

Council. If the cutlets are planted in a sunny place, then it is necessary to take it before the formation of the first escape, and regularly water for good survival.

Seeds. This is a rather troublesome way. Ripe fruits must be contracted, after which you need to carefully remove the seeds. In the spring, before landing, they need to be stratified for better germination. For this, the seeds first soak for several hours in cold water, then placed in wet sand and put in the refrigerator for a month.

Root offspring. Perhaps this is the easiest way to breed a virgin ivy. Where liana comes with soil, the roots are formed, which are easily rooted. You only need to put them on a permanent place, while not blocking the root neck.

Diseases and pests

Diseases and pests bypass this Lian's side, so there should be no surprises from this side, and therefore you will not have extra hassle.

It makes very rarely that it is in young shoots, it does not bring much harm. It is enough to wash it off with water from the hose or spray with a solution of economic soap with the addition of alcohol. If a folk remedy does not help, use Phytoverm biological preparation or Fufanon insecticide according to the instructions.

Girl grapes in combination with other plants

With the girl grapes in landscape design, other lianas are well combined. According to gardeners, with such a neighborhood, it is even better growing, because the virgin ivy protects the roots of Clematis and the base of the skes from the sun.

Combine maiden grapes with hop, if the green leaves of ordinary hops seem too boring, plant a plant of the Variety "Aureus" with yellow-green leaves. Green decorative leaves of the virgin grapes will benefitly emphasize the flowers of the rosary rose and become a support for it.

Against the background of the braided liana fence, conifers look good: spruce, juniper and thuja, if adding dend and barbaris in this composition, then the coniferous will visually lose their heaviness. When the maiden grapes will reset the leaves, the coniferous group will make a soloist on the fore.

Girl grapes in landscape design

Girl grapes amazingly plastic plant with strong and flexible shoots. In landscape design, maiden grapes are most often used for vertical landscaping of walls of various buildings and structures: these are arbors, fences, walls of economic buildings, retaining walls. Combined with other plants.

The virgin ivy is easily multiplied and rapidly growing: in 2-3 years, it is capable of completely dragged 2-storey building. At the same time, landing occupies a very small area, which is important.

From it you can create a screen for zoning the site, disguise unsightly buildings and plots: septicities and compost heaps, hide the fence from the chain grid from the views of curious neighbors, and turn a dry tree into a bizarre construction.

A garden in which there is a maiden grapes, visually always looks richer: in summer it is a green vertical plane, and in the fall, bright yellow and red surfaces that bring a feeling of comfort to the landscape and a romantic mood.

Since this is a leaf fall plant, then from autumn and before the spring, his scourge remains bare, and it does not always look attractive. But on the foreground, there are strict lines of fences designs, grids, arbors and pergol, and the lianas are lying on top, like carpets.

This liana is used in landscape design as an excellent perennial soil plant in natural gardens. In addition to the decor, there are more advantages: regulates the humidity on the site, protects against the wind and the sun, it delays dust, lowers the noise, in the virgin ivy of a residential building of the wall in the summer do not overheat, and in the fall and winter is well ventilated when foliage is well.

About maiden grapes: video

Girl grapes: photo

Girl grapes - fast-growing and unpretentious liana, widely used as an element of landscape design in garden sites, in country and urban homesteads. Carved foliage with bright shades of green, red and yellow can give a picturesque view of walls, houses and other buildings.

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Advantages and disadvantages

When planning the landing of the virgin grape, you should know not only about the positive properties of the plant, but also about its shortcomings.

Benefits

Flexible liana stems allow, in the presence of a prepared frame, create any decorative forms - from simple to the most bizarre.

Among other advantages of "wild" grapes:

• decorative, attractive view throughout the summer and to late autumn;
• protects structures from heat, dust, rain and wind;
• high survival, undemanding to soil and illumination;
• practically not susceptible to disease and pests;
• durability - retains decorative properties throughout the life of life;
• good frost resistance, the screens usually do not freeze;
• reinforced regeneration - in the place of damaged parts rapidly grow new;
• resistance to the lack of moisture - with a scarce watering a developed root system ensures a plant moisture from the soil;
• strengthened growth rates - grows up to 25 m height, for the first 2-3 years he grows several meters;
• does not require a lot of space on the plot, but covers large areas.

Devichi grapes in the decoration of the site

disadvantages

Some advantages of Liana with improper placement or care can easily become its disadvantages:

1. Strong stems are capable of growing and penetrating under the roof (especially for slate and tile) and over time cause its violation, and also clog the drainage. They appear mainly when breeding grapes near buildings.
2. The powerful and fast-growing root system, when placed near the foundation, can lead to its destruction.
3. When landing near the windows and terraces, thick foliage creates great shading; To improve light access in the room, you must regularly remove shoots, form a green mass.
4. Late deadlines for the appearance of greenery on the stems, in the spring period, the decorative role of the plant is minimal.

Thick edge of a rained wild grapes

Where and when to shit girlish grapes

To ensure the maximum effect of decorating the site, these grapes need to carefully choose the time and place of its landing.

Choosing a place

The plant is unpretentious, so it can be planted anywhere.

If decorative purposes are persecuted, the color of foliage depends on the choice of place and the degree of illumination:

1. With the southern, southeast, southwestern and west, where the vineyard receives a lot of bright sunlight, the foliage will prevail orange, purple and other shades of red.
2. From the North and Eastern side, where the direct sun rays are missing or for a short time, foliage remains green all season.

When landing on sunny places, grapes will grow faster, it will form a more dense deciduous cover and the leaves will be larger.

Given these features, you can create interesting and variety of compositions on the household site.

Vintage in a sunny place

When Sat

It is possible to plant this liano to the dates - in spring or autumn. If it is possible, it is advisable to root the grapes at the end of September - early October.

How to plant maiden grapes

One of the names of the plant is "wild grapes", which indicates in particular about its unpretentiousness in the context of growth.

The soil

The plant is undemanding to the quality of the soil and capable of increment even in adverse conditions. To provide him with the best opportunities for growth, you should choose the fertile soil, quite loose, capable of passing well and retain moisture. Sugglinks are suitable with relatively neutral pH indicators - in the range from the weakness to the weakly alkaline.

Proper landing includes the following steps:

1. In unsuitable soils, pits or trenches and a width and a depth of 50-60 cm.
2. Drainage layer is placed on the bottom (broken brick, crushed stone, ceramzite) at least 10-15 cm.
3. Fill the soil mixture, humus (compost) and sand in an approximate proportion 2: 2: 1.
4. When landing in the container it is desirable to choose its width and depth of at least 30-40 cm, since the plant forms a developed root system.
5. After the preparation of the landing place, the soil for two or three weeks periodically watered so that the soil donkey complicates.

Rules landing

For better grazing grapes, the following rules are followed:

1. The prepared planting material is generically digging to damage the roots as little as possible.
2. At the planned place, there are small wells in the size of the soil coma with roots. Between adjacent seedlings, you can withstand the interval from 50 to 100 cm, depending on the desired thickness of green cover. Even with fairly wide gaps, grapes grows quite tightly, forming many shoots.
3. The root of the seedling is lowered into the well, sprinkle soil and slightly seal. The root neck is left at the ground level or slightly higher. Before planting, "epin" or "corneser" is introduced to improve the root formation in the pits.
4. Locked plants watered. The surface of the Earth after irrigation can be inspired by the soil, humus, compost. So the moisture will persist longer, providing better growing.

Rooted seedling with young shoots

When planting and transplanting grapes, the support for its growth is prepared in advance. Install the frames and lattices, stretch durable threads, wire. Do not transfer plants older than 2 years, because long shoots are hard to tear off from the previous support and fill in a new one. It is better to plant young seedlings.

Methods landing

Grow girl grapes in different ways:

• the plant rooted with cuttings;
• rooted root offspring and decodes;
• you can sow seeds, but this is a more laborious process.

Landing seeds

The low-used method, because often the seeds of the maiden grapes do not have time to evolve. In addition, other ways of landing provide fast and full-fledged gauge.

Seeds are planted in the prepared, loose and arched, ground to 1 cm. Landing dates - Spring (April-May) and autumn (September-October). For spring planting it is necessary to make hardening: to withstand seeds a few hours in cold water, put in a moistled napkin and keep it throughout the week in the refrigerator.

Sowing seed grapes

Landing Cherenkov

Showing cuttings is a simpler way than landing seeds. It is used when there is no possibility to get a chain or root offspring. Landing can be carried out throughout the warm period, better in autumn or spring.

For breeding, it is better to take the weed fragments of stems. Liana shoots cut with cuttings with a length of 25-30 cm and with a thickness of approximately a pencil - so that each has 3-5 full-fledged kidneys. Then they are plugged into a soft loose ground so that two or three kidneys remain over the surface. After landing, the land is well watered. In the hot season, the rooting zone is sprinkled by a mulching layer for moisture retention and support in a wet state. Saplings should be covered from bright sunlight.

Preparation of cuttings for landing

Range and root siblings

Grape breeding diagram

You can carry out the process of rooting artificially - removing and laying out the liana scams on the ground. Every 40-50 cm, it is sprinkled or cheered in places where there are kidneys. You can fasten the escape with horns, studs.

Socked stems constantly moisturize. After the formation of roots, the escape is cut into parts and planted into the prepared wells or a trench.

The video shows the reproduction of the girk brass. Discontinued cargo joy.

Caring for maiden grapes

The plant develops well even with minimal watering and without fertilizer. The main work on the care of it becomes pruning and forming.

Watering

Devichi grapes do not require regular irrigation. In a wet climate or with moderate precipitation, it can not be watered at all. In arid, hot periods are enough one or twice a month well moisten the soil under the landings. If the liana grows in tanks, it is necessary to care for the soil carefully and moisturize as needed. A good result to preserve moisture gives a cling under the roots of a mulching layer in 5-7 cm thick.

Watering a young sapling

Podkord

Since "wild" grapes does not be fruit, he does not need special feeding. For the supply of stems and leaves with nutrients, sufficiently embedded when planting and being added as mulching organic. Additionally, during the summer, one or two watering with complex mineral fertilizer can be carried out (nitroammophos) - 2-3 h. on 10 liters of water.

Spring grapes in spring

Since Liana grows very quickly (annual increase - two or three meters), it is necessary to cut it regularly. It is better to do it in the spring, because at the same time you can delete victims of frost shoots. When creating decorative elements, cutting combined with forming actions.

To simplify work on pruning and creating a plant crown, there are simple rules:

1. Think and prepare decorative designs in advance. To form a crown, directing the growth of shoots, has already been landing since the first year.
2. Equally distribute the stalks along the support. Do not allow their excessive interlacing or thickening. On time to fix growing shoots so that they do not get out of individual weaves and did not grow beyond the limits of the designation.
3. Watch that young shoots do not sprawl on the ground. It is fraught with rapid rooting. In a short time, grapes can capture a large territory, which will be quite difficult to purify from thickets.
4. Forming trimming is carried out in spring, before the awakening of the kidneys. The lack of foliage greatly facilitates work.
5. Sanitary trim - removal of old, damaged, dried and sick stems - spend throughout the garden season.
6. Excessively thickened and intertwined arrays are easier to crop short and start forming again.

Spring trimming and crown formation

Pests and diseases

Devichy grapes has enviable resistance to diseases and insect pests. If, with an excess of moisture, the stalks and the leaves of the plant were amazed by rot, they should be removed.

From watering temporarily needed to refrain, and the crown is treated with a solution of the drug-fungicide:

• Bordeaux liquid;
• Rusright;
• Ridomil;
• Topaz and others.

When a pest is detected, an insecticidal solution can be applied:

• Intavir;
• Carbofos;
• Fufanon;
• AKTELLIK

The usual TRU is easy to wash off the jet of water from the hose or process the crown with a solution of economic soap.

Preparation for winter

In the regions with a cold climate and harsh winters, it is well grown by a five-line (virgin) grape species. It is most resistant to freezing and does not require insulation. Other species (triocency grapes, Henry, Thomson) are more heat-loving. To protect them with extinction, it is better to shoot with supports and stream. Warming can be needed by young landings. To protect them from marking, the soil with seedlings are covered with dry foliage, sweetheart.

Preparation of grapes for wintering

Types and varieties of virgin grapes

In horticulture and landscape design, three types of decorative grapes were distributed:

• Pyalist (virgin);
• Triocented (ivy);
• Attached.

Pentalist (virgin)

The most common appearance on the household sections. Place of origin - Wet forests in the east of North America. This is a large liana length up to 20 m. Young shoots of a red shade, green with age. The leaves consist of oblong (up to 10 cm) of pointed leaves on the cutters. The top side is dark green, bottom - light.

The view has a number of advantages:

• high vitality;
• grows in urban conditions;
• easily multiplied;
• not subject to diseases and pests;
• does not need shelter for the winter.

In decorative gardening, the most common varieties are:

1. Engelman. It has reduced leaves.
2. Wall. Savages are able to climb the smooth sheer surfaces due to the special structure of clinging detergents.
3. Male. A variety with improved decorativeness, shoots and crown of reddish shades, the lower side of the leaves is pubescent.
4. Star Shauns. Crown of unusual colors: green with white spots in the summer, red with pink - autumn.

Grade Star Shauns

Triold (ivy)

The view originates in the territories of China, Japan and Korea. This is a liana with branched beaches and numerous suction cups.

Devichy or Virgin grapes (lat. Parthenocissys) - a decorative plant that is widely used to create livestock and landscape design. With Latin translates as "virgin ivy", and has a distinctive feature - the formation of fruits without pollination. Care and landing of the virgin grapes should be carried out in a special way, which makes it possible to achieve the expected results.

Devichi grapes is a major evergreen or leaf falling Lian. Adult branches of plants are covered with a sufficiently dense bark. Palc or three-blade leaves grow on the cutters and have a complex structure.

In the spring and summer period, the leaves of Virgin grapes have a dark green color, and in the autumn - a purple shade. The plant with branched mustache clings for roughness on the support. In length they can grow from 15 to 20 meters. Devichi grapes gives the fruit of black and blue, which are not suitable for food.

Advantages of wild grapes:

• Universal decoration of a garden plot that is suitable for any style.
• Shelter arbor or building in order to create an original type.
• Preservation of attractiveness and autumn period.

Sowing growth is carried out quite quickly. Already after one season, Liana can reach up to 3 meters long. A bush of the girl's grape is not afraid of frosts and withstands the temperature in -24 degrees. Under the snow can be transferred to -30 degrees. The lush bush of the virgin grapes can even grow in an inexperienced gardener. To do this, you need to choose a good time and prepare the soil.

Time and ways of landing

Before you land the maiden grapes, you need to get acquainted with the recommendations of experienced gardeners. Landing deadlines are defined, as a rule, weather conditions of the region, as well as a method for reproduction of a decorative plant. The time of landing of the girl's grapes in the fall is carried out in time from April to May or from September to October. Landing in the fall of cuttings requires ensuring shelter for the winter.

• The processes should be chosen carefully. The best and long stems are best suitable, which are recommended to divide into several equal parts, approximately 30 cm. Each of them should be at least 4-5 mature kidneys.
• They are placed in the dishes with water until the roots appear. Water with volume should cover 2-3 kidneys from which the root system will be formed.
• After the appearance of the roots, the seedlings are planted into the soil and moisturize. It is recommended to cover the soil around the trunk to prevent drying.

Sut the maiden grapes can also be other ways to seeds. In this case, there is a need to evolve from January to February. At the same time, the seedlings replant in the soil are recommended from May to June, so they are better leaving.

For the implementation of seed growing grapes, it is necessary to engage in germination of seeds. This method is more time-consuming and long. Used primarily when there is no possibility of obtaining a screshing with kidney of a certain variety.

The seeds should be harvested at the end of summer, choosing them from ripe berries. They preserve their viability for 12 months. On the germination of seeds goes about a month. To ensure the process of germination, preliminary stratification is required (long-term maintenance at room temperature). Landing the virgin grapes by seeds is carried out in the fall. They are placed in pre-prepared ground in small holes, in the depth reaching up to 1 cm. The plant will rise in the spring, over the summer will strengthen and turn into a small bush, which will quickly stretch.

Regardless of the selected method of reproduction, planting seedlings should be 28 in the morning or after 6 pm, which eliminates the likelihood of the plant burnout in the sun.

Choose a landing place

Sut the maiden grapes need correctly. To do this, it is necessary to make a suitable place in advance, where, according to amateur gardeners, this plant feels more comfortable. To the composition of the soil, the virgin grapes are not demanding. It can be raised both on solar and on the shadow side.

As practice shows, the most acceptable is the place where there is a constant sunlight and a moisture-permeable soil. Sing the decorative plant, providing reliable support for it. It is not enough to use the bent wire. It is better to grow such grapes at the cottage, near a powerful frame, which is where to "get roaring".

We prepare the plot

The reproduction of the virgin grape cuttings requires the preliminary preparation of the Earth. For seedlings, a holes that have a size of 50 per 50 cm should be digging. If the roots are long, then the depth and width can be increased.

On the bottom of the well, to which the decorative liana will be planted, you should post drainage with a layer of 20 cm. For these purposes, you can use fine pebbles, crushed stone and even brick. The roots of the saplings are sprinkled with soil (peat, sand and leaf land in a 2: 1: 2 ratio). In order to prevent the disease and the appearance of the pests of the maiden grapes, it is recommended to add wood ash in the amount of 600-700 g. This will be enough to provide a plant with nutrients for 3-4 years.

Observe technology

Growing decorative grapes should be remembered that there are a number of certain rules that must be observed when disembarking. Despite the fact that this plant is unpretentious in order to grow it, it is necessary to adhere to the following recommendations:

1. The earth and soil mixture in a 50 to 50 ratio should be added to the well with drainage.
2. Planting equipment - placing a seedling in the well need a little side, falling asleep so that the root neck is covered with the earth.
3. Next to the cutlets you need to form a shallow well that will be used for watering.
4. With the first watering of grapes, it is not less than one bucket of water, which will allow the seedlove better to get comfortable and will provide rapid growth after planting.
5. The cuttings need to land one from the other at a distance equal to 50-100 cm.

Like properly wild grapes will delight gardeners not only by rapid growth, but also the lack of such problems as a need to transplant.

How does the wild grape landing along the fence?

For landing along the fence, such a grape variety like Everest is most often used. It has brightly pronounced decorative qualities and brighter paints. You can create an inexpensive unpretentious frame and wild grapes will be an excellent replacement of the fence, speaking as a living hedge.

The brave of the design of the green mass of foliage will happen quickly, but for this you need to comply with a number of care recommendations:

• Distribute the basic loops on the principle of "Fan".
• To ensure businesses, pinch the tops of the stems, directing their growth.
• Be sure to cut a cluster of berries to prevent self-seed.
• Clean the leaves to eliminate the likelihood of clogging of drains.

You can grow wild grapes on the fence made of any material. This method of seedlings, subject to care recommendations, will decorate a household or cottage plot for many years.

Ensuring proper care

In order to get the expected result - lush and colorful bushes of wild grapes, it is necessary to ensure full-fledged care in the open soil. It is possible to ensure normal growth with the help of uncomplicated actions:

1. Delete weeds and disintegrate the surface of the earth as needed.
2. Watering shoots can be infrequent - 3-4 times in the season of 8-10 liters per bush. At high temperatures and the long absence of rain, it is possible to increase the amount of water to 20 liters.
3. Cove the soil around the trunk of mulch plants (peat, sawdust or straw). This will eliminate the probability of drying and will be protected from weeds.

Young plants should be controlled to ensure the normal formation of shoots. For this, it is mandatory to prepare a persistent support that will have a rough surface. Many gardeners for creating landscape design on their plot put the landing of wild grapes near the fence.

Trimming for the winter

Wild grapes need preparation for winter. To do this, it is necessary to carry a sanitary trim late in the fall. If this item is excluded, it is possible to overvent the area in connection with the self-insulating of the decorative plant.

Pentalist girl grapes quickly forms impassable thickets, which is a visual example of the transition of his advantages into disadvantages. To eliminate such problems, it is necessary for the winter to trim.

Young shoots need to be removed from the fence and lay on the ground to ensure protective cover from the snow. You can make protection on your own, using a dry peat or conducting additional dip.

More problems creates a balcony maiden grapes, which germinates in pots. If containers with soil have a volume of more than 15 liters, then they can be left on the street, under the insulation. Small containers need to be buried to the ground or find a place in the house for them. In this case, the trimming of shoots is carried out in the spring.

Devichi grapes is a decorative plant that is widely used to decorate the naughty and country sites. In order for it to quickly grow up and had an attractive look, it is necessary to properly carry out a falling and ensure proper care.

Devichi grapes are considered to be one of the largest, fast-growing and enduring perennial Lian. The view of his luxurious, spectacularly blossoming at the end of the foliage season, is well acquainted to everyone, because it is the maiden grapes that are most actively used in our city gardening to decorate buildings. In private gardens, this plant is not so often. It is considered too aggressive, almost unnecessary control, and even conducive to spread over the site and the house of rodents and pests. But this reputation is completely undeserved.

Girl grapes. © Tobias Abel

Devichi grapes, being one of the most common in the cultivation of large garden plants is able to become a real wand-grinding. After all, the drapery of high walls does not limit the scope of its use in the garden design.

Girl grapes and its hidden talents

All types and varieties of virgin grapes are used as large and powerful lianas. With their help, it is possible to effectively drag the surface of any area. Devichi grape creates a thick, apparent ornamental and almost tiled coating due to the original location of the leaves and the independent regulation of the uniform distribution of the light incoming to them.

Dazzling bright orange or Charlah autumn color, beauty and pomp crown, ease and reliability of self-attachment of the plant do not know competitors among Lian. All species of the maiden grapes must be branched and so firmly cling to even smooth walls that the plant does not even threaten his own considerable weight in solid age.

Devichi grapes are not afraid of pollution, smalleriness, any even the most difficult conditions, keeping the light glossiness of attractive foliage. It is perfect for spectacular landscaping of walls, even sheer, any powerful and high supports, decorating gloomy, empty sides of buildings and gigantic fences, creating so-called solid landscaping and thick smooth coating.

Girl grapes can form and amazingly beautiful green tunnels, turn into luxury pergola objects, decorated old trees, arbors and pavilions. And even these functions do not exhaust its use in landscape design.

Devichi grapes are very good and as the soil creeping plant. It can be used to create surprisingly beautiful and lush, dense carpets in those areas where it is impossible to break the cereal lawns or spikes from grassy soils. It is not afraid of dry outdoor places and stony slopes, it grows well even in the poorest soils, will not lose the ability to spectacularly leaken the soil even in the very thick shadow and at the same time preserves and in the horizontal plane all the advantages of greenery.

As a soil-level plant, maiden grapes can be grown from cuttings, a thick carpet will create seedlings located with an interval of approximately 1 meter, and to speed up the process, seedlings are twice as closer. Decorative and elegant carpet Devichi grapes will be rapidly quickly, it will not require almost no care.

Under grapes, weeds do not grow and do not apply, it does not interfere with growing and developing large shrubs and wood, which makes it one of the most promising cultures for landscaping large areas and areas with difficult conditions.

You should not forget the purely practical advantages of the virgin grapes. Through the use of this plant in landscaping, it is possible to achieve much greater efficiency from thermal insulation, protect the buildings and garden pavilions with gazebos from wind and rain, because the canopy of the leaves in the virgin grapes is really amazingly tight and retains structures from the destructive effect of the external environment.

Landscaping from the maiden grape allows in the summer even on the hottest day to enjoy cool inside the room or arbor, in winter - to make a heating system as efficient as possible, and the loss of heat is minimal.

Girl grapes. © Insomniac's ATTIC

Simple rules for controlling the virgin grapes

The notorious aggressiveness of the virgin grape is manifested only when the plant gives a complete will and do not even care about the elementary control of its development or care for decades. False grapes with attentive monitoring of its distribution and timely containment will never be uncontrollably transferred to the garden, damage the wall or roofing materials, create a shadow, dampness and everything around.

Simple controlling trim - that's all that is needed by this plant. If you see that grapes develop too active or shoots it starts to drive in the territory where they are not needed, just cut down too much and root the liana scourge. The more the maiden grapes are cut, the more its foliage is thickened, the ornamental pattern of the crown and the color of the leaves is revealed and the easier it is easier to cope with his propensity to rapid growth.

But this is not all simple tricks that will help keep the aggressiveness of the virgin grapes and avoid unwanted seizure of the territory. Having achieved a spectacular drapery of the surface and the desired effect, it is sufficient to exclude watering and feeding completely - and its growth will not stop, but will slow down significantly. The plant will look good and fresh, but will cease to actively increase the height and volume.

Selection of conditions for powerful Liana

In order for the girl grapes successfully developed and grew, it does not need to even carefully select certain lighting or soil parameters. This is one of the most unpretentious and endless garden plants. Devichi grapes can adapt to almost any conditions, survives even where there is no fertile soil or if it grows in limited quantities.

It can be planted both on the most illuminated, suitable for the light-affiliated crops of the garden sites, on the south side of the buildings and in a sufficiently thick shadow. These are shadowless, but not teen-bought strains, and under the dense crown of trees or from the northern side of buildings it is better to plant it only when at least a few hours a day the plant will be lit by the sun. The greatest efficiency is all types and varieties of virgin grapes reach in the one of the most different intensity from deep to scattered.

As for the soil, any of its disadvantages, from poor processes and compacted before the scarce content of nutrients or excessive limestrom and acidity can be compensated for by landing. The girl grapes can grow literally in any soil, even dry, but when planting plants, some rules of elementary agricultural equipment must be observed. The advantages of the virgin grapes are also calculated and the ability to transfer a transplant at any age.

Rules landing girlish grapes

Landing is essentially the only complex component of growing this liana. Devichi grapes can be planted as in the spring, as in the middle of the autumn.

Seedlings of girlish grapes should be located 1 m from buildings or supports for which they will have to rise and at a distance of about 1 m from other large plants.

Before boarding, it is better to overheat the soil in the future together growing. For the virgin grapes, large planting pits are harvested, similar to woody plants. The optimal sizes of the landing well are about 60 cm in depth and width. At the bottom, it is necessary to lay a powerful drainage layer with a height of about 20 cm, using fragments of broken bricks, crushed stone and sand to create as efficient water permeability as possible.

The whole left of the landing house of the Earth must be improved: to completely replace on the finished soil or simply mix peat, compost and sand. Optimal for the virgin grape is considered landless, consisting of equal parts of peat, composite and leaf land with the addition of half-rolled sand.

In order for maiden grapes to successfully take root and began to develop rapidly, it is enough to correct the seedlings into the landing pit. The root neck of young plants should be located exactly at the soil level. It can not be plugged or lifted over the soil line. After landing, it is necessary to immediately carry out a charging watering, using up to 2 buckets of water for each plant.

In the first year after landing, especially if you use the seedlings obtained by staring, it is better to provide minimal care plants. Devichi grapes will gratefully respond to the mulching of the soil of about 6 cm with a height of about 6 cm, which will fully abandon the weeding and loosening, and on the watering with feeders.

Elementary care for devil grapes

This plant practically does not need any additional procedures. More intense care will be needed only by young plants, and even if you want to achieve as quickly as possible drapeting wall or design as soon as possible.

In order to stimulate the active growth of the maiden grapes, two feeders per year can be held for plants. In the spring or in June, about 40-50 g of any complete mineral fertilizer contribute for it, and about a month or two after the first feeding, the organic is used or repeated mineral feeding. But fertilizers are brought only to that girlish grapes that want to stimulate active extensions of height and sizes.

Watering this liana as such is not needed. But a long-term drought can provoke the actual growth stop, so in a dry and hot summer, the plant is 3-4 times watered in the morning or in the evening, providing compensation for adverse weather conditions. For the virgin grapes use 1-2 water buckets for each Lian. If you restrain the tip growth, then watering can also be excluded from the care.

At least once a year, try to brag soil, remove large weeds or carry out mulching that does not allow them to develop in a rigorous circle.

Devichi grapes are inclined to gradual lifting in the soil and latter root. If you notice that the roots of the plant begin to perform over the soil, be sure to plug fresh soil and slightly hurt the liano. Usually this procedure is carried out in the fall, as part of the garden preparation for wintering.

Pruning as such is not needed, except for the removal of dry and damaged shoots and situations when it is necessary to restrain the Lian and not give it to go beyond the reserved area. Elementary cutting of some branches or shortening unnecessary will effectively control the growth of the plant.

Devichi grapes are completely resistant to diseases and pests. According to him, it is easy to make it easy to make rodent buildings, but elementary measures at the base of the Liana in the form of traps and baits make it easy to solve this problem.

Wintering Virgin Grapes

In the conditions of the regions with harsh winters, the only fully winter-hardy view is Virginian's girlish grapes, more known as fivethylist. Although the grapes of Henry, a triostream, Thompson leaves are even more decorative and they are also very good and as a liana, and as a soil industry, they will need shelter and removal from the supports.

In the first year after landing, all maiden grapes are better to hide with dry leaves and a sweetheart, in the future fivethist, no protection will be needed.