»Grapes

Grapes are a very thermal-loving plant and we are accustomed to what they grow in huge plantations, mainly in southern countries. But over the past few decades, the efforts of breeders withdrawn a lot of hybrid varieties that can be fruitful and in the middle lane of Russia, and even closer to the north in closed greenhouses. With an average ripening temperature, +18 o C can only be obtained for 100-110 days to obtain a juicy crop, fragrant berry. We will talk about growing and breeding such grapes.

Grapes - just that culture that does not multiply seeds, since in this case it does not preserve its initial genetic signs. Buy the finished seedling of a liberated variety is not always possible. That is why the most affordable and common the method of breeding a vine - cuttings.

Its accessibility is that at home it is very easy to save, plant and root the cuttings of grapes, prepare them for disembarking into an open soil or greenhouse. It is best to do this at home, because to start a rooting process should not later end of February - early March.

The most important thing is to choose a grape variety capable of good rooting.

Now, very many hybrid varieties have such ability, since the shilling is one of the main directions of the breeders. Most often, gardens of gardeners like breeding tables with excellent taste, sugar, large berries (preferably without seeds), with early or secondary ripening times. Almost all of these requirements correspond to varieties :, Pleven, and many others.

Features of cultivation

Growing grapes in a greenhouse or in open ground directly depends on the natural climatic conditions of the region. It is clear that in the southern regions in the open soil, we will have time to grow grapes not only early varieties, but also later. But in the middle lane, the suburbs and further to the north in open soils will cause only the harvest of the earliest varieties.

In those regions where summer is a short, winter winter, it is best to grow vines in greenhouses to enjoy the taste of berries for a longer time. But in the closed room, you will have to carefully follow the health of the bushes, microclimate, soil state, since cases of fungal and other lesions are spread much faster. In the closed space, it is easier to prevent the appearance of typical diseases than to eradicate them.

Step-by-step technology of growing grapes from cuttings

The whole process of obtaining rooted seedlings takes several months, but in labor intensity it is not very complex. Even novice gardeners who have decided to engage in viticulture are capable of achieving the best results, this culture is so unpretentious, although it requires a certain attention. The main thing is to correctly care and hold certain events on time.

Cutting and storage of letters

The very first stage - the billet of the planting material. During the trimming of grapes in the fall, when all the branches fruiting this year are removed, cuttings are underway. It is the fruit branches that serve as the best material for future seedlings. What is necessary take account:

• trimming is carried out after the leaffall, before the onset of the first frosts;
• lose should be directly, healthy, light brown or sand color;
• the longer the cuttings, the better the reproduction will be.

The twig should be without visible damage, with light bark, on a cut - green, with droplets of liquid (juice) protruding on it, the lower cut is made direct, and the upper - oblique. The length of the cutlets is at least 40-45 cm, the cut diameter is 10-12 mm + 3-4 live kidneys with a gap between them 10 cm. Slices to do a very sharp secret or a knife so that their fabrics are not blocked, at a distance from the kidneys at least 2 -3 cm.

Cutted cuttings need to be prepared for storage:

• soak in cold water for 1-2 days, changing water 2 times a day;
• treat with a solution of vitriol or manganese (best soak for half an hour);
• decompose on paper napkins (towels) and dry well from excessive moisture;
• collect cuttings in a bundle, wrap tightly into a plastic film, tie, fasten the tag with a variety name (if there are grapes of several varieties, you need to store in different packages, since various varieties of storage are badly affected by each other); Instead of the film, you can use plastic bottles - to lower the vine through the neck and close the lid.

Store cuttings at t 0 + 5 ° C (a refrigerator is suitable, a glazed balcony, a basement).

Stored cuttings can both in the refrigerator and in the basement

Preparation for rooting

At the end of February - early March, they start rooting the planting material. First you need to check how the material has been preserved. To do this, the sections are updated, each at a distance from the upper and lower kidney 0.5-2 cm according to the oblique and direct method - they must be green and wet. Then they lower the cuttings into the water for 1-2 days (depending on the dryness of the branches), it is necessary to add honey juice, aloe juice or humate (1 table. Spoon / 10l water).

At the bottom heel, where the root growth will occur, the needal needs to make a few grooves with a depth of 2-3 mm and 2 cm long - this will help get a more developed, lush root system. The upper cut can be treated with paraffin.

Stripping in water

In the usual glass liter jar on the bottom of the wool layer about 2 cm, pour as much water (best - melt), lower the cuttings. The heel - the lower edge - should be in water at a depth of 4-5 cm. To avoid the dropping of the liquid, you can put 2-3 tablets of activated carbon, water to fill periodically. From above on the bank you can wear a plastic bag for creating a greenhouse effect, put on the windowsill.

Grapes, like any plant, for intensive growth requires an abundance of light and heat. First there will be twigs, and then the roots. So that the root system develops, the sprouts should be calmed, it will be enough for a busta one, the most recent escape.

Landing in a greenhouse or greenhouse

The soil for seedlings must be prepared from autumn, mixing in equal amounts of turf, peat, sand, overwhelmed manure or compost; The finished mixture is suitable. As containers, plastic bottles can be used, disposable cups of bigger, etc., make drainage holes. At the bottom of the packaging, some drainage pour out, then the prepared ground, it is gently lowered by a cutlets, sleep with soil, slightly (!) Moisturize.

The heel of the seedlings should be at a depth of 1/3 of the package, and young shoots above the ground. Approximately the end of May - early June, young seedlings will have time to be well rooted, develop full-fledged leaves and branches, - prepare for landing in the ground.

Rooting in sawdust or soil

In the southern regions, where already in March the soil warms up to a temperature of 10-12 degrees at a depth of 10 cm, the cuttings after processing and soaking can be planted directly into the ground - shkolka. The landing is made in the prepared, well-fertilized soil to a depth of 40 cm. The cuttings are stacked in the pits (or furrow), fall asleep to the earth up to half, they are good tamped, they pour out, pumped up the vertices. There should be 2 kidneys on the surface of the Earth. Focusing on the climate of the region, you can climb the surface or time to hide the film.

Another fairly common way to exercise cuttings is in sawdust.

Sawdles should be only hardwood trees, without impurities of harmful sawdust plywood or chipboard. They need to be disappeared before applying - pour boiling water, then cool and in deep dishes (bucket) first pour a small layer to the bottom. Then, in the inclined state, lay out sawdust with layers, having a cutlery between them vertically. After planting it is necessary to cover the dishes, put into a warm place and from time to time to moisten the environment before the appearance of sprouts and roots.

Proper planting seedlings in open ground

Technology, how to plant an outdoor ground. The finished root seedling is first prepared for landing in an open ground. For this, within 5-7 days, the seedlings in the pots are put on the street, avoiding direct sunlight. After quenching, in advance prepared wells lower the cuttings together with an earthen room, shine the holes of the ground, mixed with humus, watered with warm water. The main thing is not to bu in the plant and moist up to water. In order not to damage the roots when landing, plastic cups or another container it is better to neatly cut, then remove a seedling with an earthen room.

Next to the grapes planted in the ground, it is necessary to immediately fasten the support!

Greeting the grape cutlets, to root him and grow a sapling of his beloved variety of crispy sweet berries does not constitute a lot of work. This can be done both in a greenhouse from a polycarbonate or a greenhouse and open soil. Correct care to your favorite - and he will thank you with an active growth and rich harvest, literally, in two or three years.

Varietary fruit crops are distinguished by high yield and magnificent taste. But you do not always get such seedlings and the price is high enough. How is the breeding of grapes at home? In the review, consider simple methods available to novice gardeners.

Grapes can well breed independently

reference Information

Homemade grapes is a long-term shrub plant, which prefers to grow in subtropical and moderate climatic latitudes. Thanks to the efforts of breeders, modern culture varieties are grown almost all over the world.

In cold regions, a greenhouse method of breeding fruit liana is practiced. With favorable climatic conditions, grapes are growing up to 40 m. In the middle of Russia, the development of the branches of Liana does not exceed 3-4 m.

The plant is valued for juicy, fragrant berries, for which it grows. Now there are hundreds of grape varieties, characterized by:

• form;
• color;
• size;
• bone availability;
• taste diversity.

The use of grape fruit has become a cultural tradition of many nations. In addition to using berries in a fresh form, practiced:

• laying to obtain alcoholic beverages;
• drying (raisins);
• heat treatment.

In individual countries for cooking, grape leaves are used, which have a neutral taste and hold the form with culinary processing. Cutting the vine makes convenient binding items.

Eating not only berries can be used, but also grape leaves

Reproduction

Culture on the trellis is grown, which makes it easy to care for the plant. The reproduction of grapes occurs in several ways:

• seeds;
• letters (silent);
• diggers.

Sowing is the most ungrateful cultivation method, since the varietal characteristics of the parent plant are not saved. To improve the quality of quality, Lian vaccinates that it moves the time of fruiting. Therefore, in our review we will tell about the last two ways.

They are based on the natural ability of grapes to be completely restored from only one escape, while maintaining all the properties of the mother vine. Such methods are used in industrial growing grape plants.

Vintage bone reproduction does not allow saving variety characteristics

Shining

The rules for the care of grapes require annual cutting of the woven. This procedure will be an excellent way to get young plants. This method of culture culture does not represent any problems for the gardener. All variety characteristics are saved and as a result new bushes grow.

The breeding of the grapes of the letters is carried out in the fall and in the spring when the process of circumcision of the branches occurs. For germination, we need pieces of weaves, purified from foliage, mustaches. Remember: that the plant is rooted, the petiole must contain 4 kidneys. The lower part of the escape is cut off from the eye under the tilt. All material is disinfected by a solution of vitriol.

Experienced gardeners are confident that the longer the letters, the greater the chances of the plant to root in the future. Autumn cuttings are cut before frosts, all nutrients are preserved. Now the planting material is deposited:

• in the refrigerator with a small amount of branches;
• in the cellar;
• check into the ground.

Shores for rooting must contain four kidneys

All letters are collected in bundles and wrap up a plastic bottle into a plastic bottle into a polyethylene pack. Remember: every grade must be designated, so do not forget to hang labels with the name of the view. When storing cuttings in the refrigerator or cellar, follow the temperature: with the increase, the renal formation will begin early, which will negatively affect the quality of the planting material.

In the spring reproduction goes to the next stage. The letters get out of storage locations, cut the edge of the edge and are carefully checked. When squeezing, the escape should perform a couple of drops of light liquid. If there is no water, then the twig dried, and if the muddy juice appears - rotated. Carefully inspect the cut for dark spots. Healthy planting material for two days is soaked in warm filtered water. On the third day, the plants are placed in a solution with a stimulant of root formation.

Prepare plastic large glasses or bottles with cut riding. Fill them with nutrient soil and small sand. In this wet mixture, each chubuk is planted. Top covered with a glass to create inside the design of the microclimate of the greenhouse.

Daily ventilation will warn uploading or appearing fungus. Watering and spraying are recommended to spend one or twice in 48 hours. The top of the greenhouse is removed only when the roots of the glass be visible at the walls of the glass and 4 sheets will germinate on the cutting tree.

Cuttings planted in plastic container

Spring reproduction by letters begins with a choice of good quality. Trimming is carried out according to the diagram of the first method. To stimulate the cutting of the cutting on the day, soaked in the preparation "Kornin" or its analog. Then plants are put to germination into miniature greenhouses.

How does the grapes breastpen breastplate? The hauling is the optimal option for obtaining a high-quality bush, which will retain all the maternal characteristics. The landing of letters is held in May. The planting material must have:

• healthy roots;
• formed green mass;
• intact trunk.

In the garden, they dig a hole, on the bottom of which fertilizer and drainage must be laid. It is recommended to plant two cuttings in each well - after rooting, weak remove. Pop fresh soil and tamper. After irrigation, the soil is compacted, so be prepared to add a new portion of the Earth. Be sure to emphasize. Remember: the upper eye of the cutting should not be deeper than 5 cm Holloch.

Lookage grape cuttings produced 2 in one hole

Digging

Another simple grape breeding method is grooving. This procedure is carried out in the spring when the plant is actively increasing the screens. The largest branch must be naked. Experienced gardeners are recommended to use the root stimulator solution for watering. In this way, the root mass extension is faster.

Remember: it is impossible to separate a subsidiary, until it is completely formed. Without roots, nutrients come from the mother's bush. Under favorable conditions, rooting occurs within a month. But for this you do not forget about the regular watering of the gag, as well as about the neat loosening of the soil around it.

The breeding of grapes is a simple procedure that is carried out in spring or autumn. The obtained plants do not differ from the M30 Diaterian Liana. Under favorable conditions and correct care, letters and processes are beginning to be fruitful for the third year.

The coverage of grapes in the fall is the easiest and most effective way of reproduction of culture. From the harvested escape, it is possible to grow a full-fledged bush, which preserved all the maternal qualities of the old vineyard. For a beginner gardener, the first experience may not be crowned with success, but should not despair. Simple instructions will help save and multiply your favorite variety.

How to harvest grape cuttings in autumn

To obtain a positive result, the correct billet of grape cuttings in the fall and storage to spring is important. Grow a new strong seedling will turn out of the ridden vine.

Terms of workpiece

The reproduction cuttings can be cut into autumn and spring. However, the best results can be obtained only from the material of the autumn blank. In winter, under the shelter, part of the kidneys is frozen, it is preferable, they like to eat rodents. In the spring of the sliced \u200b\u200btwist will grow a bad seedlove.

Autumn is still convenient for cuttings billet due to mass trimming of the vine. Before the beginning of winter, the vineyard stops the movement of the juice. Pruning passes painless.

Choosing a suitable vine

Talking grapes in the fall at home, you need to learn how to choose a good vine. After all, out of bad letters and the bush will grow weak. For reproduction, only a young rided vine is suitable. It can be determined on the smooth crust of golden brown. Ridden vine during bending makes a weak crackle. On the feeling in hand, the twig seems slightly warm. The unseen vine during bending can be broken, juice will perform from the bark. Such a branch is usually soft and cold on the sensation, if you grab your palm.

Tip! When soaring, letters need to be chopped from the most fertile bush.

Slicing

Sliced \u200b\u200bin the fall from the bush, the branch is not all goes to reproduction. The site is optimally suitable from below until the middle. The upper part is thrown out, since this site never fully matches. The degree of maturity of the vacancies of grapes is determined by the experimental way. The location of the cut is immersed in 1% iodine solution. If the wood quickly turned into a purple color, then the branch is considered mature. The presence on the cut of a green shade testifies to the unhealthy of escape.

For the drawing, letters from 7 to 10 mm thick are considered productive. The thickness of the top is allowed to 6 mm. The thin vine is cut from grapes in the case when this characteristic is a varietal feature of culture.

Optimally, from autumn, chubulys with five or more interstices. In the spring, the workpiece is shortened, leaving a healthier part. If there are little vines for trimming, you can cut short letters with three or four interstices.

For drawing, a sharp secateur is used. The slice must be smooth, without crushed wood. From the branch remove the foliage left with autumn, weathered mustache, side shoots. The whip is placed in front of them, the direction of growth is determined. The upper section of the secateur is made in the middle between couples of interstitial. The lower cut is performed immediately under the kidney. Chubuki sliced \u200b\u200bin the fall sign right on the crust or attach the tag.

Tip! The optimal length of the reproduction branches prepared from the fall is 70 cm.

Disinfection

After the shots of the letters are disinfected. The twigs are treated with 3% copper sulfate solution, dried, bind with wire or rope, sesso for storage. You can soak twists in clear water before disinfection so that the wood is saturated with moisture before storage.

On the video billet of grape cuttings in the fall:

Storage

The branches prepared in the fall are stored in a cold place. Suitable basement, cellar, refrigerator. Optimal for storage Temperature - from 0 to +4 o C. Vinogradari Sometimes practicing a trench storage method. Chubuki sliced \u200b\u200bfrom the grape vines bury the winter in the groove of 50 cm. In such a state, they are stored until spring.

If you exclude a trench method, then storing twigs better in boxes. On the bottom of the container, the sand is poured with a thickness of 10 cm, lay the letters, put on the sand on top again and they continue until the drawer is filling. Prepared from autumn for reproduction The material is sent to the cold room. Periodically check the humidity of the sand. If it is dried, slightly moistened with water.

At least once in the winter, the branches of grapes are shifted. The top letters are sent to the bottom of the box, and the bottom - up. At the same time, inspection of the material for breeding. Grape cuttings with severe rotting emit. If the mold began to appear on the cortex, the twigs are washed with a solution of mangalls, dried and sent back to the box.

The easiest mostly prepared material for reproduction material is stored by trench. Cheeky grapes do not need to shift in winter. Under the layer of earth and snow, the optimum temperature is maintained, humidity. Storage technology is simple. After the pavement, the autumn grapes are subjected to disinfect. In the garden, 50 cm with a trench of 50 cm deep, lay the bottom with the film so that its edges go beyond the walls. Along the grooves lay the sprigs of grapes, covered with free edges of the film. From above, they laid the board or any other shield that fall asleep with a layer of land with a thickness of 25 cm. Saved from the autumn of the rods of grapes get only in spring after the snow.

Preparation of grape cuttings for landing

At the end of February, the beginning of March the process of having grapes renew. If the autumn material for reproduction was properly prepared, then the spring will turn out good seedlings. However, first letters need to awaken after the winter hibernation:

• The material stored in autumn is extracted from sand, subject to viability. Since it was performed during a stinking, the sektor was made on each twist of the grapes cross-cut. Through wood should be droplets of juice. Such material is suitable for breeding. If there were no drops from the cut, then such a twist of grapes is considered dried. For further reproduction, he will not go. When compressing a twist, the water droplets can perform from the bark. This occurs at the rotten vine of grapes. Material for further reproduction will not go.

  Important! The new slice suitable for breeding the grapes should be light green.

• Tested and ready to reproduce a rod of grapes are soaked for two days with warm water. A day later they change it. Water take Talua or from other sources where there is no chlorine impurities. After soaking the rod, grapes put in the container, where the root formation stimulator is poured.

The further design of the grapes is reduced to the germination of the material. You can get a seedling in the following ways:

In addition to the examined viewed, there are other variations in the breeding of grapes in the fall with the help of green cuttings and melts.

In the fall, the seedling of grapes can be obtained with stalling from the green twig. The method of breeding grapes with green cuttings in the fall is based on the use of a young unseasoned vine. The cuttings are cut in the middle of June long for two kidneys. The corner of the cut is sharp. The sprigs prepared for breeding put in a glass with rainwater. Plastic containers are prepared for landing. You can take cut 5 l bottles. Containers are filled with a mixture of the chernozem with a compost taken in an equal amount. The lower part of the green twig of grapes is cut so that 4 cm led from the kidney. All leaves are removed, except for one top. 4 branches of grapes are planted into one container, film greenhouse shelter is equipped. The seedling of grapes is ventilated and watered once a week. After a month and a half the cuttings should start the roots, take care. The shelter is removed. At the end of August, grapes planted on the street. By the middle of autumn, a full-fledged seedling of about 40 cm tall is growing.

The most reliable and easy way is to reproduce the grapes with tanks in the fall of the ridden vine. Screens, without cutting off the bush, about 1.5 m long put on the bottom of the breakthrough groove. The top with 2-4 eyes are removed on the surface of the trench, vertically tied up to a peg. From that part of the shoulder, which will be covered with the earth, climb all the kidneys and leaves. For reliability, the vine of grapes is pinned with wire. Trench up to half fall asleep with soil, pour themselves. After water absorbing, the groove completely fall asleep the earth. When the gods are laid, and the upper part will go into growth, the beach is cut off from the mother's bush. It turns out an independent grape seedling.

On the video tell about stalling grapes:

The seating of grapes in the fall is an easy way to produce seedlings for novice gardeners. There are other methods of breeding culture, for example, vaccination, but it is difficult to make it a newcomer. It is easier to give preference to stalling or decodes.

Thanks to the painstaking work of experts, grow grapes today in any climatic conditions. The main thing is to choose the right variety. There are vineyards that are withstanding frosts up to -30 ° C.

But buying a shrub is conjugate with a number of nuances. It is not always possible to find the vineyard of the desired variety. In addition, there is always the likelihood that under the guise of one variety will be sold a sapling completely different, and their value is far from budget today. Get the same cutting is much easier. Consider how to make the root of grape cuttings on their own.

The cuttings are harvested after the harvest was assembled and the leaves began to fly away. The timing of the billet of the planting material is determined by the timing of the onset of the first frosts on the ground. It is due to the fact that on harvested cuttings there must be lively and healthy kidneys. At the very first burises of the kidneys on grape shoots die. Accordingly, such blanks use to grow a vineyard will not work. It is advisable to start doing the workpiece of Cerenkov in the second half of September, if we are talking about early grape varieties, and at the beginning of October, if it is about later.

Do not harm the cuttings from the first shrub that awesome. It is necessary to determine the variety that gave the largest harvest during the season and is not subject to any diseases.

As a cutlets, it is impossible to use a part of the unseen escape. Need a vine that has not green, but brown. The most appropriate material for the billet of cuttings will be escape, the diameter of which varies from 8 to 10 mm, and length 1 from 20 to 40 cm, and the amount of intersals should not exceed 8 or be less than 4. The entire length of the cutting should not be observed any damage to the crust. including mechanical. It is desirable that the selected part of the escape is straight.

Do not choose varieties based on their characteristics. First of all, it is worth paying attention to what varieties of vineyards give a good result in a particular region of the country and at the same time, not particularly demanding in care.

Preparation of cuttings for the winter

It does not seem to roogulate the grape cuttings in winter it is possible due to too low temperatures, so during the winter period you need to maintain planting material so that it remains alive. Make it will not be difficult if after trimming to observe 5 simple rules.

1. Immediately after trimming, it is important to place cuttings into a container with water and leave for 24 hours.
2. After the day, put the planting material in the payroll solution for 30 minutes. This processing is needed for disinfection. An alternative to a solution of manganese can perform a solution of vitality.
3. After the time expires, reach the cuttings and lay out a dry towel or paper napkins. Gently remove the surplus moisture with paper towels and leave the cuttings until complete drying.
4. Dry cuttings wrap in a pre-prepared film and gently tied with a soft piece of fabric. If it is too tight to do it, you can damage the bark of seedlings at the dressing site.
5. To spring, do not confuse the variety of the vineyard, to hang the tag on all packaged cuttings. In addition to the name of the variety on the tag, specify the date of the package.

All these procedures are easy to perform at home. Preparation of grape cuttings for rooting on this is completed. It remains to wait for spring and proceed to landing them.

So that the planting material does not die during winter storage, it is necessary to provide him with a certain temperature mode. For grape cuttings, the temperature of 3 ° C is the most comfortable. Deviations in 1-2 ° C are allowed. Accordingly, the most suitable storage destination is a refrigerator in which you can set the temperature to a certain mark. It is also suitable for storing the landing material of the loggia or cellar.

Features of storage of cuttings in winter

Be sure to check the condition of the cuttings at least 1 time in 30 days. If they dry up, they must be unpacked, repeat all the actions that have been done to packaging, and re-package. If the mold appeared on the crust of the billet, then the affected places need to be treated with a weak solution of manganese.

Alternatively, you can store cuttings in winter in the soil. They are injected to a height, not exceeding 0.4 m. But in the regions with severe winters, this method is not applicable. Most of the landing material as a rule dies.

Preparation for rooting

Before rooting the cuttings of grapes, you need to disinfect them and to prepare in a certain way. For disinfection, a solution of manganese is used, after which the planting material is washed. You need to perform these actions in the warm room.

After the disinfection is cut off cuttings from below. The straight line of the cut must be at least 5 mm below the extreme point and no more than 20 mm below it. You also need to complete the cutting of the cutter over the upper kidney, but in this case they make a slant. The cuttings prepared in this way are placed in a stimulator, which can be purchased in a specialized store, for 48 hours. An alternative to stimulants proposed in stores can perform a solution of natural honey or aloe juice. For the preparation of the solution, you will need 1 tbsp. l. Honey or aloe juice and 10 liters of water. The upper cut is treated with garden water.

Before rooting the cuttings of grapes in the ground, you need to take care of the formation of the root system. In its absence, the leaves will not have enough substances for normal operation, which will lead to their death, therefore, after disinfection and trimming of the planting material, the bark is slightly cut along the cuttings below the last intercose. It is necessary to do it with a clean knife, in order not to subsequent infection. After completion of cuts, they are sprinkled with a heterowaxin.

If we are talking about grades, the rootability of which leaves much to be desired, it is advisable to get a heterowaxine in the cuts made by knife.

Quilching

To speed up the formation of the root system, you can conduct a process that is called pinch. It is easy to perform at home. We will need a pair of plastic bottles, a clean rag, a diaper, a container (the best box or box) and sawdust.

1. We take a pre-prepared stalk and turn it on its lower part in a rag, which is pre-wetted with warm water. The top of the cutting is wrapped with a diaper.
2. Fill over a bottle of water, the temperature of which is 28-30 ° C, and in the other we type water and put it in the freezer until its complete freezing.
3. In the box we put a bottle with warm water on one side, on the other - with ice. On top of the bottles put the cuttings in such a way that the lower part of them is located on a bottle with warm water. Top, respectively, should be located on a bottle with ice.
4. I fall asleep cutter sawdresses. Cover the box.

Quilcery is performed for 3 days. Accordingly, all this time will have to change bottles with ice and warm water several times, in order to maintain the desired temperature. Upon expiration of the specified period on the cuttings, root tuberculos and the ring in white should be formed. This planting material is ready for further rooting.

Final stage of rooting

To date, there are many options to reduce grape cuttings at home. We will look at three ways that are particularly popular:

1. in water tanks;
2. "on the wardrobe";
3. in the filler.

It is impossible to say that some of the ways are better, and some worse, so consider each of them separately.

Rooting in water tanks

This method received the name of the method of P.P. Radchevsky in honor of the professor who invented him. To roighten the cuttings in this method, it will take either water obtained from snow, or assembled from rain or thaila, or boiled. The flow water is not recommended. As a last resort - resistant. You will also need the containers in which the cuttings can be placed. Glass cans with a wide neck are best suitable.

Pour water into glass containers. It is enough to pour a layer of water, the thickness of which is 3 cm. Then put in the cutter of the cutting. Do not put more than 10 pieces in one container. We put the tank with cuttings on the window sill, which heated by the sun. It is advisable to put the tanks on the low stand and cover the tops of the cuttings together with the tanks of polyethylene packages: this will allow you to maintain the necessary level of humidity.

After 1.5-2 weeks, the shoots will begin to grow, parallel to grow root. This method is good because you can save shoots on a cutlery, but you should not grow more than one: it takes a lot of nutrients at a sapling, and the development of the root system of nutrients will not remain. It is necessary to break down the escape that is stronger.

After the roots appear, we move the cuttings into the ground. Planting a seedling is performed extremely gently. It is very important not to break the roots.

Rooting "on the closet"

This method is simpler in the implementation than the previous one. Consider how correctly rooting the cuttings of grapes "on the closet". It will take fabric, water and a film. The first thing is wetting the tissue with water, then the lower part of the pre-prepared grape cuttings wept in the fabric. In this case, the upper part of each cutter should remain free.

At the next stage, the lower part of each cutlets wechle in the film, which should end on the same level with the cloth. The tops still remain free. It remains to place the cuttings on the closet. However, you can put them on any high furniture or shelf, which is close to the ceiling. It is necessary to position the cuttings so that the light falls on their tops, and the lower part was constantly hidden from light sources.

Ideally, after 2 weeks, the root system should appear on the cuttings. In extreme cases, the roots will appear after 25 days. The last step is to land the cuttings.

Rooting in filler

Filler uses sawdust prepared in a certain way. In addition to sawdust, we will need steep boiling water. We place sawdust in the container, pour them with boiling water in such a way that it covers the contents of the container. We leave the sawdust to a complete cooling, then with your hands or with the help of the subwoofers, we remove excess water.

In a pre-prepared container, the height of which should exceed the height of the grape cuttings, put a few centimeters of sawdust, then plant cuttings in them. It is necessary to have them so that the kidneys are directed up. Gently lay out another layer of sawdust. It remains to close the container and cuttings film.

With this method of rooting, you need to moisten the filler 2-3 times a week. After 14 days, roots should appear on the landing material. When the root system appears, the cuttings are transferred to the container, the filler of which is a mixture of earth, sand and humus. As soon as the favorable days come, cut the cuttings into open ground. The landing is carried out, as a rule, at the beginning of the summer.

These are all possible ways of rooting the cuttings of the grapes at home. It is important to strictly observe all the above recommendations and remember that rooting the planting material begins with the choice of escape to get a stalk. It is also worth noting that these methods are suitable for rooting a small amount of cuttings. If we are talking about industrial scales, other methods are used.

The rooting of one-eyed cuttings and green shots

Separately, it is worth saying about rooting one-eyed cuttings. Working with such a landing material is much easier due to its insignificant size. Such seedlings are convenient to put in containers or banks. In addition, if we are talking about purchased material, and 2 or 3-eyed seedlings are sold, then cutting them into 2 parts, it turns out to be saved.

But that the planting material is well rooted, it should be prepared a little different than the three-chapted stalk. If in the latter case we, performing the lower cut almost do not leave the hemp, then working with one-eyed material should be left long enough. This will significantly increase the chances of the success of the event. Next, rooted the planting material in water. We put a stalk to the jar and cover it with a plastic bag.

It is also worth noting that breeding grapes can be green cuttings. This is done in the summer, cutting green cuttings from the bush in such a way as not to disturb its structure, and placing them into the water before the appearance of the roots. In the summer it is advisable to put the cuttings in the rainwater. This method helps to get a large amount of landing material in one season.

Specific moments

You can engage in the preparation of cuttings as in the fall and in the spring, but autumn is considered more suitable time, because moisture has not yet left the shoots. In the spring, the shoots are more dry that negatively affects the rooting process. If you still decide to cook the cuttings in the spring, then after trimming, soak them in the water at least 72 hours. During this time, the structure of the escape fabric is restored. Another disadvantage of spring billets is a risk of getting planting material with frozen kidneys.

It also happens that the cuttings of grapes are not at all rooted or the process passes very slowly. There may be several reasons for this. First of all, it is necessary to properly store cuttings of grapes, then their rooting will pass without problems. In addition to the temperature regime, a normal level of humidity should be provided. With excessive humidity on the cuttings mold may appear. If the air is too dry, there will be much moisture from the cuttings.

It is also worth a reservation about the timing of the rooting of the cuttings. Many, speaking when properly rooting the cuttings of grapes, consider February. But, choosing a month to start rooting, you need to take into account the characteristics of the climate in a particular region. If the cold is kept up to spring, then you should begin to root in March. And the gardeners who are going to root the cuttings directly in the ground must begin to roof at least in the middle of spring. This is due to the fact that the planting of cuttings should be made in a heated soil.

Conclusion

We looked at how to root the stalk grapes at home. You can make it using 3 ways. And it is not necessary to forget that the rooted cuttings of grapes require careful care, otherwise all the work done will go to the pump.

It is also worth considering that there are varieties of grapes that are optimally suitable for breeding with cuttings. This, for example, partial cells or, as in the people they are called, maiden grapes. Also suitable for reproduction with cuttings Viorik variety.

Having found an interesting grape variety, or growing it out of a seedling, a desire arises to increase the population of this variety. There are several ways to propagate grapes, but the most efficient and affordable is only the breeding of grapes with cuttings.

How to multiply grapes

This method is the most used among viticulture professionals, as well as fans newcomers in this matter. The remaining methods show a significant lag in the results and subsequent yield. Therefore, it is recommended to use this method.

How to multiply grapes

On the reproduction of grapes with cuttings, it should be wondering in the spring and begin preparatory work, determine the most successful for the reproduction of the part of the vine. When trimming grapes in the spring, pay attention to the shoots up to 1 cm. In diameter, giving fruits last season.

Drying billet for winter

After the vine plot is selected, it should be prepared for the winter period.

Grape cutting cutting

Preparation for planting grapes in soil

Before planting cuttings, it should be determined how well they moved the wintering. For this, in 2 weeks before the planned landed, remove the cuttings and check each of them. It should be slightly survived and see how much moisture will stand out at the same time.

• If a little moisture was formed - the cuttings are in good condition and is ready for landing.
• If the moisture flows in itself without unnecessary physical intervention - the cutlets rotted and no longer suitable for landing.
• If there is no moisture completely - the cutting is dry and, most likely, will not be able to germinate.

The most successful cuttings are sent to soaking in warm water for 2 days. Water should be replaced every day. It is also recommended to use a simulator for accelerated formation of the root system. This allows plants to adapt to new conditions faster.

Showing Chenkov

Landing Cherenkov

Watering is carried out with the help of a pallet where bottles are exhibited. They should be placed in water 15 minutes to saturate the drainage layer moisture.

Lined grapes through time

Correct cuttings will allow you to grow a great harvest.

Spring - Suitable time for breeding cuttings

The biological period of rest in grapes lasts no more than 2-3 months - as a rule, winter.

How to reproduce grapes with cuttings in spring

During the rest of the time he sleeps forced, only because it is cold. It follows from this that it is possible to root the grapes almost all year - from the beginning of February to the end of October.

A bushes come into the biological rest phase after full rising vines, as evidenced by the yellowing or redness of the leaves. For each region, this period is individual, but on average varies from the beginning of October to mid-November. From this point on, within 2-2.5 months, the kidneys of the widespread shoots sleep, and are not awakened under any circumstances. In addition, the cold for grapes is useful - after such a rest, it is better developed (a kind of stratification). The Amur varieties of grapes especially need in cold rest, in which this need is laid out by nature. Therefore, it is not necessary to artificially to wake grapes, since it is noticed that with a short lighting day (December-January) for the formation of roots is required about 60 days, while in February-March this process takes no more than a month.

At the end of the rest phase (beginning of February), shoots fabric begin to react to moisture and heat to resuming growth. This is the right time for the extension of the worried cuttings in the house or greenhouse. By the end of the spring they will turn into strong, well-rooted seedlings.

In the spring, it is possible to start rooting in the pots of shoots, remaining after trimming, then in the summer you will get strong vegetable seedlings for landing. Throughout the summer, stepsing are rooted throughout the summer. And even in the fall, before the beginning of peace, you can still grow planting material, and keep it in a cool place until spring.

It is very difficult to grow grapes from a small bone and is inappropriate for a simple gardener.

This method is used mainly for selection of new varieties. Those who risk growing a grape vine in this way, you need to know the following:

• most grape varieties in reproduction seeds are modified - as a rule, for the worse;
• for selection of seeds, only new and clean varieties with high-resistant cold, diseases and other factors should be considered;
• bone extension takes up a lot of time (4-7 months) and consists of several stages: selection, soaking, stratification, landing in the substrate, creating conditions for growth;
• for reproduction, only the largest seeds of overwhelmed berries are used, for which borders leave on a bush to frosts;
• the germination of the bones, as well as the share of the exit of high-quality seedlings, is very low (1-2 seedlings of 1 thousand).

If, despite all these difficulties, interest in this method did not disappear, then on the first crop can only be calculated 4-5 years after the transplantation to a permanent place.

Vint reproduction with grapes is the most promising and easy way to grow grapes in the summer.

Web are part of the bush: a young escape, rusting a vine or a whole sleeve. The essence of the method lies in the fact that this part is cheered by the earth, fertilize and watered until the escape is rooted. Then rooted shoots are separated into separate bushes and sit down. Usually it takes 1-2 months, sometimes it may be necessary for a whole year. But the life of the brass, while it is not separated from the mother's bush, nothing threatens. The main thing is to inspire for the winter.

The rooting of each part of the bush has its own characteristics. The shower of the sleeve allows you to rejuvenate the bush or enhance the vineyard by spreading the vines on the site. To do this, you need to digitize 20-40 cm deep, lay the organic layer on the bottom, then completely bury the old sleeves. For the summer, shoots form roots, the volume of which is 2 times higher than the root system of the old bush.

Young green gods can be joined in any period from spring to autumn. If it is done at the beginning of summer, then powerful young bushes are formed by autumn. To implement this idea, it is necessary to determine the healthy shoots at the bottom of the bush, cut the leaves, leaving only the cutters, hurt them and fall asleep fertilous land. The top is removed vertically. The fucking escape is watered, mulched, for better formation of roots are covered with a film.

Such an agrotechnical procedure, as the shilling of grapes, is traditionally carried out in spring or autumn. In the spring, green twigs of 10-20 cm long branches are used as a cutlets, which have at least 4 developed kidneys, all leaves are deleted.

The lower cut is performed at an angle. Before landing, it needs to be disinfected in a solution of manganese, then placed on a day into a stimulating solution ("heteroaceuxin", "corneser"). Next, the blanks are planted into the box with a well-moisturized substrate, covered with glass or film, regularly moisturized until the roots are formed.

Passionate seedlings can be squeezed in autumn or maintain in the basement until spring. Autumn - the most suitable time for the workpiece of the vapor cuttings. They are cut from old fruiting shoots before the shelter of grapes when the leaves are already faltered. At this time, the supply of nutrients that is enough for storage is most concentrated in them. Store the blanks in the cellar or sprinkle the layer of land. In February, they can be put into water, and then fall into the substrate.

If you are a simple gardener, not a breeder or experimenter, it is better to limit ourselves to simple and safe ways, such as grape reproduction with grapes or cuttings. As already noted, the easiest way to be rooted. They never die - with proper care, their survival rate is 99%. Everything that the gardener remains is to dissipate young bushes in the right place.

With cuttings more difficult. They themselves do not form the roots, so you have to tinker. The easiest way to get seedlings from vegetative cuttings. If they are rooted in March, and in the summer, together with a room, put in the vineyard, then the autumn will grow full-fledged bushes equal to two-year. From the green cutter, the sapling will grow faster than with the widespread, but the percentage of rooting such escape is low, and not every summer dacket can be sprayed and sprayed.

The most difficult thing to root the worried stalk, especially if the cultivation occurs in the shock. For a whole year, it will be necessary to form the roots, and only the next year the plant will begin to develop. But after the transplantation, such a material immediately begins to grow, besides, it can be sold. Before you do this difficult case, appreciate your capabilities, because the grapes are not easy.

Perhaps the easiest option for you will be purchasing ready-made seedlings.

From this video you will learn how to propagate the grapes of the grapes.

Materials: http://gryadki.com/vinograd/vyrashhivaem/kak-razmnozhit-2-21421/