If glycated hemoglobin 6. Treatment - proper nutrition. How to prepare for the surcharge.

11.08.2019 Analyzes

The detection of diabetes at an early stage contributes to the beginning of treatment before the emergence of heavy symptoms and complications. The blood test is determined by the level of glycemia, even if the studies on sugar are not found in violations.

Glycated hemoglobin

What is glycated, or glycosylated, hemoglobin in the biochemical blood test and what does it show? The substance is formed by connecting hemoglobin with glucose. The advantage of the study is the possibility of determining the results of glycemia fluctuations for 3 months. On the initial stages Diabetes increased sugar levels after meals and do not come back long. If the result of the analysis taken by an empty stomach does not exceed the permissible values \u200b\u200b- the study on the glycated hemoglobin will identify violations.

The 6-mm discs were cut out of blood paper, and the amount of glycated hemoglobin was estimated using an immunoturbidimetric method. The effect of antibodies for the test and blood blood causes agglutination in the sample. One carved dry drop of blood was mixed with 400 μl of hemolysis reagent. The sample was thoroughly stirred and incubated when room temperature Within 30 minutes for full decay. Samples were incubated and the optical density was measured at 600 nm. For hemolysis, hemolyzate was prepared for a 10-minute incubation with 10 μl of 500 μl of hemolysis reagent.

The procedure helps to determine which level of glucose was present in the blood for the last 3 months, the patient diabetes. According to the results, the effectiveness of treatment is evaluated and, if necessary, corrected it by properly selection of sugar-reducing drugs.

Preparation for laboratory research

How to prepare for the surcharge of blood analysis on the glycated hemoglobin (HBA1C)? The study does not require special training. For rent it at any time of the day, regardless of meals. The results do not affect the colds, viral diseasesTransferred stress and dried on the eve of alcoholic beverages.

The remaining labeling was performed in the same way as the blood dried on the filter. Studies of Lakshma R. et al. Determination of the glycated hemoglobin in monitoring diabetes treatment. Pathogenesis of the disease, Polish pharmacy. Advanced products of final products: What is their connection with diabetic drugs?

Overview of the distribution of new features of receptors for advanced finite products of glycosis in tissues. Kuzan A. Khillovskaya A. Kobeljartz M. Phezovich S. Hamian A. Glycation of proteins of extracellular matrix and its importance in atherosclerosis. Review article: The molecular mechanism of non-enzymatic glycation of proteins and its role in diabetes.

Analysis on blood glycosylated hemoglobin It is recommended to take once a year to people in the risk group: patients leading a low-wear lifestyle and having a hereditary predisposition, excess body weight, addiction to smoking or alcohol. Useful research and women who have moved during pregnancy.

Sutovich A. Ruta-Schpet A. Vislav Shishyak-Shidlovsk. Hyperglycemia is the result of impaired insulin secretion or weakened activity. Chronic hyperglycemia leads to damage and deterioration of vital organs, such as the heart, blood vessels, nerves eye and kidneys.

It can be a spontaneous or induced immunological process, which leads to chronic inflammation and, in turn, to the destruction of cells. The trigger mechanism is often infection, stress or reduction of resistance or physical activity.

What is the preparation for biochemical analysis on glycated hemoglobin? Delivered blood regardless of the time of day and the presses of the meal. Do not affect the result, neither medicines nor any accompanying diseases. Diabetes need to regularly carry out the procedure regardless of the degree of compensation for the disease.

The latent process that was started earlier, then manifests itself in the form of a full-scale diabetes. This is most often found in patients with long overweight, physically active, high-calorie meals. Family predispositions, eating habits, free time, etc. are also important. Obesity, especially abdominal obesity, leads to insulin resistance and, consequently, to hyperinsulinemia.

In patients with diabetes, sensitivity to bacterial and fungal infections increases from the very beginning. Infections are developing faster than healthy peopleAnd they may be preceded by an increase in glucose levels. With the duration of the disease, depending on the degree of control over diabetes After a few years or more, chronic complications arise.

HBA1C analysis

How to donate an analysis on a glycated (glycosylated) hemoglobin? For research the blood is taken capillary (from the finger). Preferred time of day - Morning. Important: Before visiting the laboratory, give up physical exertion. The results will be prepared the next day.

Micrososudov. Kidney damage - leads to their failure and hypertension, needed frequent analyzes urine. Diabetic neuropathy - damage to peripheral nerves, leading to sensory disorders, and therefore numerous injuries and infections and even "painless" myocardial infarction. Neuropathy can also be a form of painful muscle contraction, impetus, muscle weakness, leather lesions, bladder, sweating and sexual dysfunction.

Eye damage - a regular examination of the renal bottom is needed.
Early treatment of infection and hypertension is necessary.

Nervous damage leads to disturbed sensations of pain, touch, temperature and muscle atrophy caused by atherosclerosis.

Decoding analysis on glycated hemoglobin:

If the indicator exceeds 6.5%, the prediabetic state is diagnosed. In time, the treatment began to avoid the development of the alend or for a long time to delay it. To confirm the diagnosis is additionally carried out.
The intermediate result is 6.1-6.5% indicates that there is no disease and the preceding state, but there is a high risk of its development. Patients recommend increasing physical activity, reduce weight and revise the diet, eliminating easily visible carbohydrates and animal fats.
Patients with results 5.7-6.0% are attributed to the risk group. It is recommended to change the lifestyle, go to proper nutrition, actively engage in physical education.
The answer is 4.6-5.7% means that the person is absolutely healthy, the metabolism in its body is not disturbed.

How to pass an analysis on glycated hemoglobin? What does he show? How are the results decrypted? The study determines the degree of compensation for the disease and the feasibility of changing treatment with unsatisfactory response. Normal value - 5.7-7.0%, for the elderly, an increase in the indicator is allowed to 8.0%. For children and pregnant women, the optimal result is 4.6-6.0%.

Vascular retention contributes to ulceration and increases susceptibility to long-term infection. To prevent development diabetic footFirst of all, aims at the optimal levels of glycemia, we carry comfortable shoes corresponding to the beech and contact at least the slightest friction and skin infections, avoiding walking without socks. Wash and dry your legs carefully every day. The emergence of this complication requires diabetologist and angiology. It often happens to use insulin if it has not been used before.

Avoid alcoholic, oily and salty food. Macroangiopathic ischemic disease Hearts, Hypertension, Stroke, Ischemia lower extremities. Diabetes may occur as. Probably, viral etiologyThe role in the initiation of inflammation is also associated with food proteins, among others. Glucose is given independently of the meal that you eat, and the glycemic drug should be measured after one hour. Insulin resistance here compensated by increased secretion and leads to the depletion of the pancreatic stock. The effect of these violations is the ineffectiveness of oral antidiabetic preparations and the need to include insulin into therapy.

Cow's milk and flakes.
Pregnant diabetes is an indication for insulin therapy.

It is good to know that symptoms that may indicate the beginning of diabetes.

Glycemia control for the patient is an important stage of treatment, since a constantly elevated level of sugar or his jumps lead to difficult consequences. Reducing the glucose content reduces the likelihood of complications by 30-40%.

HBA1C analysis is accurate

Providing a large amount of urine, increased thirst, drowsiness and progressive weakness. People with diabetes should know important concepts associated with this disease. Hypoglycemia is normal level glucose, often associated with symptoms nervous system: Anxiety, cramps, sweating.

With anxious symptoms, such as agitation, anxiety, orientation disorder, sweating, tremor, you must measure the level of sugar. In diabetes, all proteins pass this process, and their concentration indicates the average level of glucose in the blood. Glucose is also hemoglobin, and its concentration determines the glycemia about three months before its mark. Do not stop treatment without a consultation with your doctor.

What is the accuracy of analysis to the concentration of glycated hemoglobin? Research shows general level Glycemia for 3 months, but does not reveal a sharp increase in the parameter at a particular time interval. Sugar concentration drops are dangerous for the patient, so it is necessary to additionally hand over the capillary blood of an empty stomach, to measure with a glucometer in the morning, before and after meals.

The physical force of people with diabetes should also be monitored accordingly, depending on the type of diabetes. The risk of hypoglycemia is maximum for two hours after injection of the high-speed analog or from three to four hours human insulin short action. Therefore, in order to avoid hypoglycemia, you must control the level of glucose before, during and after training and take additional carbohydrate parts before planned exercises every hour during and after training.

Avoid giving insulin your body during training and do not train during the peak periods of insulin activity. It is also important to reduce the insulin dose to the planned physical activity by about 40% depending on the planned load and the glucose level in the initial state.

If in decoding the analysis on glycosylated hemoglobin shows the high probability of diabetes, go through insulin resistance test. The main tasks of treatment are the normalization of metabolism, an increase in tissue susceptibility to protein hormone, restoring the operation of the insular apparatus.

What can affect the results?

anemia;
thyroid diseases;
reduced correlation between the glycated hemoglobin and sugar of an empty stomach;
reception of vitamins C, E.

Advantages and disadvantages of laboratory research

HBA1C analysis takes out without prior preparation. He assesses how increasing sugar has been raised for 3 months, providing the ability to diagnose the disease at an early stage.

Proper control of glycemia allows diabetics to even play sports. Physical activity is accepted soon enough to prevent the disease. Here, systematic exercise is extremely important, we can say that this is the basis of treatment. This leads to a decrease in body weight and a decrease in insulin resistance. The risk of hypoglycemia in people who receive a diet and oral preparations To reduce glucose levels, is small. As far as possible, exercise every day for at least half an hour, and the load is adjusted to the patient's ability.

Diabetics research helps to find out whether they keep the diet correctly and take medicine.

The result of the analysis can talk about the ineffectiveness of treatment and the need to replace the sugar-replacement agents, adjust the insulin dosage. Their advantages are a quick and understandable answer.

The main drawback is the high cost. Not in every city there are laboratories that conduct research on the HBA1C. There are distorting factors, as a result - errors in the answers.

The physical force of significant intensity can lead to hyperglycemia and the preservation of ketones. Diabetic child should attend school, if there are no contraindications from other diseases or serious diabetic complications. Based on "internal diseases" edited by prof.

Glucose and glycated hemoglobin study

Specialist in internal diseases. The glucose test is the main analysis of blood and must be carried out during the emergence of symptoms such as polyuria, increased thirst, dehydration, weakness, fatigue, fainting. The blood glucose level should be performed by each older than 45 years every 3 years. Every year the test must be performed by individuals.

Do I need to take HBA1C during pregnancy

Gestational diabetes in pregnant women - dangerous diseasecausing severe consequences for mother and fetus. Therefore, the control of glycemia is a mandatory procedure during the period of tooling the child. High Sugar. leads to severe childbirth, the development of large fetus, congenital vices, mortality of babies.

What do we learn from the study?

Glucose glucose should study all patients with diabetes every 3 months, the study is also shown in patients with prediabet. The blood glucose test is a test on the amount of sugar in a blood sample. The correct levels of glucose are proof of our health, but any deviations are associated with health problems. The higher the assessment, the greater the probability of diabetes.

Glucose norms on an empty stomach. Increased sugar levels can be not only a symptom of diabetes, but also diabetes. Cushing syndrome, hyperthyroidism, pancreatitis. It reflects the average blood glucose level over the past 3 months. Elevated levels Glicated hemoglobin indicate a low level of diabetes, which is associated with an increased risk of developing complications of diabetes. The higher the concentration of glycated hemoglobin, the higher the risk of developing these complications.

Blood Analysis On an empty stomach in pathology remains normal, sugar rises after meals, and its high concentration is preserved for a long time. The study on HBA1C is ineffective for future mothers, since they allow to obtain data over the past 3 months, while gestational diabetes has a property to develop after 25 pregnancy weeks.

The course of diabetes depends on the rate of loss of β-cells secreting insulin. In diabetes type 2, the insulin secretion is reduced and the development of prediabetic and then open diabetes. The unprocessed disease leads to significant impairment of metabolism in the body and the development of hazardous acute complications, such as acidosis and coma. In turn, decadent diabetes accelerates the development of chronic complications - kidney damage, eye damage, sensory disorders or diabetic foot syndrome, which can lead to necrosis and amputation.

Check the level of glycemia by measuring sugar after meals. The analysis is carried out as follows: the woman takes the blood of an empty stomach, then the glucose solution is allowed and monitored after 0.5, 1 and 2 hours. According to the results, determine how much sugar rises and how quickly it comes to normal. If deviations are detected, treatment is prescribed.

Diabetes treatment consists of 3 main parts. Not pharmacological treatment - Modification of lifestyle, diet, regular moderate physical exercise, Pharmacological treatment - oral antidiabetic preparations and ineffective insulin therapy, in the fight against cardiovascular risk factors, especially with hypertension and lipid disorders. Also necessary for successful treatment Properly teach patients and treat the complications of the disease.

"Diabetes is difficult to recognize, at the beginning there are not quite asymptomatic people who have risk factors for the disease should be considered regardless of common symptoms, even if they feel good.", - advises Dr. Premiso Vitek from the University Hospital in Krakow. Such tests should be carried out at least once a year. Diabetes suffers more than two million Poles. Probably, this number is about a third more, because many people do not even know that it hurts.

How often do you need to do a glycated analysis

Diabetics, which are monitoring the level of glycemia and have a good result of HBA1C, donate blood every six months. Patients who cannot control diabetes and make compensation, to conduct a study need every 3 months, to additionally monitor sugar jumps with a glucometer.

People who have no diabetes have no test to the level of glucose in the blood, and they do not like it, so they are asked what is connected with them. The second group of subscribers is the people who already have diabetes, but they believe that they are not in good shape and want to consult if they are correctly treated with them. What should bother us, what signal to go to the doctor and investigate?

At first there are no symptoms. It is important to remember that people who have the risk factors for the development of this disease, regardless of the symptoms, even if they feel good, completely healthy, do not have symptoms characteristic of progressive diabetes. Blood tests should be carried out at least once a year, starting from an early age, even from one year or earlier.

Laboratory analysis on glycated hemoglobin helps to identify diabetes at an early stage and start treatment in time. People with a diagnosed disease analysis allows you to check how much they manage to control the disease, whether there is a positive trend on the treatment taken or need to be adjusted. Survey on HBA1C in large clinics or private laboratories.

Glycated or glycosylated hemoglobin is an essential biochemical indicator showing blood sugar levels for a certain period. In general, this is a complex consisting of hemoglobin and glucose, which disparately connected, which is a sign of diabetes mellitus.

With the help of an analysis on a glycated hemoglobin in the blood, you can identify diabetes in the early stages, which helps to begin timely and adequate treatment, which will necessarily give positive results to improve the condition of the patient.

The gliced \u200b\u200bhemoglobin in the blood appears in a consequence of a certain reaction, which is due to the merger of amino acids and sugar, but without the participation of enzymes. Thus, glucose (sugar) and amino acid (hemoglobin) are connected to an indestructible complex, which is a gledged hemoglobin.

Glycosylated hemoglobin is present in any blood: both in healthy people and those who are sick diabetes. But a significant difference is that the patient has diabetes mellitus, its norm is significantly exceeded and it becomes the cause of further development of diabetes and all heavy complications on its background.

An analysis on the glycated hemoglobin has a number of advantages over blood tests, which is taken on an empty stomach and before studying glucose tolerance.

Advantages of analyzing glycated hemoglobin:

It can be done at any time, regardless of whether you can or on an empty stomach;
It is more efficient and accurately allows you to identify diabetes in the early stages;
Analyzing the analysis is much easier and faster than other analyzes;
Helps doctors to understand, exactly with diabetes definition in the last 3 months controlled his blood sugar levels in the last 3 months;
The quality and accuracy of the analysis do not affect other factors (infectious, viral and colds).

Why and when should I take tests for glycated hemoglobin?

First of all, this analysis allows not only to identify the already started early Stages Development of diabetes mellitus, but will even show if a person has a predisposition to a disease of the SD. It is precisely prevention measures to prevent the risk of development of the SD and save a person's life will allow him to live in a normal life.

Second important aspect Analysis is an opportunity to understand how carefully the patient refers to your health, whether he can compensate for the level of blood sugar and for a long time to keep it in the norm for his life.

It's important to know: Even healthy people it is advisable to make this analysis at least once a year to prevent the risk of sacchalter or identify the disease in the early stages.

This analysis is done in any time, regardless of whether the empty stomach is taken by blood or after meals. Also you can spend this study at the moment when you take different medications Lowing sugar, medicines from other diseases.

If a person suddenly noticed frequent attacks of nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, a strong, not characteristic of him and a long-lasting thirst, should consult a doctor and make an analysis on the glycated hemoglobin, at least for their own peace.

Those who have already diagnosed sugar diabetes, the analysis is recommended to do depending on how well the diabetes is compensated.

With the HBA1C indicator, lower than 5.7% (there are no disease and the risk of its development is minimal), you can take tests 1 time in several years;
With sufficient control of diabetes and a glycated hemoglobin not higher than HBA1C 7%, it is necessary to make analysis 1 time in 6 months;
When changing the methods of treating diabetes or a short sick history, analysis is recommended every 3 months.

It's important to know: To make an analysis on glycated hemoglobin, use laboratories that cause confidence in many patients with diabetes. As a rule, in some state clinics, no matter how regrettable it, the tests are forged so that the indicators of the SD statistics are not high and the expenses of the hospital for the treatment of SD were minimal.

How to pass tests on glycated hemoglobin

For analysis on glycated hemoglobin takes capillary blood. Although there are no contraindications as that, on an empty stomach or after meals, doctors still recommend to analyze an empty stomach analysis, without preliminary physical exertion.

As a rule, the results of the analyzes will be known after 1 day.

Indicators of the norm of glycolized hemoglobin in the blood

According to the results obtained, the appropriate conclusions on the state of the person can be made.

The results of analyzes for glycated hemoglobin show:

With HBA1C less than 5.7% there is no risk of sick diabetes and carbohydrate exchange passes in normal mode;
With HBA1C, which is from 5.7 to 6.0% of the disease, not yet, but the person is included in the risk group;
With HBA1C, comprising from 6.1 to 6.4% of the disease, is also not yet, but the degree of risk is already defined as rather high and it is recommended to revise your diet and apply a special diet with a low content of lung carbohydrates, to start conducting an active lifestyle and exercise and exercise ;
With HBA1C, which is more or equal to 6.5%, the doctor makes a diagnosis of preliminary diabetes and it is necessary to conduct additional laboratory studies to obtain refutation or confirmation of the disease.

It's important to know: The lower the indicator of the glycated hemoglobin in a patient SD, the more carefully he compensated for it during the previous 3 months. As a rule, the indicator should vary from 5 to 7%.

HBA1C Indicator Compliance Table to Middle Glucose

HBA1C,%	Glucose indicator, mmol / l
4	3.8
4.5	4.6
5	5.4
5.5	6.5
6	7.0
6.5	7.8
7	8.6
7.5	9.4
8	10.2
8.5	11.0
9	11.8
9.5	12.6
10	13.4
10.5	14.2
11	14.9
11.5	15.7

The table shows the results of the correspondence of the glycated hemoglobin and glucose in a diabetes patient for 3 months.

Regular analysis helps not only to slow down the further development of diabetes mellitus, but even significantly reduce the risk of developing the complications associated with the SD, which is very important for the patient.

It's important to know: Reducing the HBA1C indicator even by 1% is an extension for another a few years of life of the suffering from SD!

With Diabetes type 1, the HBA1C reduction gives:

When diabetes 2 types, the HBA1C reduction gives:

Patient treatment goals, according to glycohemoglobin

The main goal of all therapy diabetics is the achievement of the normal level of HBA1C, which should be less than or equal to 7%. If this goal is achieved, it is safe to say that diabetes is well compensated and the risks of development of various complications are minimized.
Of course, it is best to achieve an HBA1C indicator which is present in healthy people and is no more than 4.6% and it is to this indicator should always strive for a sick diabetes.

It's important to know: such indicators of glycated hemoglobin, as 4.6% can be achieved with any type of diabetes, it is necessary to observe a diet and lead a healthy, active lifestyle with the necessary physical exertion.

Unfortunately, many doctors understand that the desire of the patient to achieve this level of glycated hemoglobin often leads to the development of hypoglycemia, and in the most severe cases - to the hypoglycemic. Here the most important thing is to learn not to overcame that facet that shares the threat of the development of hypoglycemia and the normal level of glucose. This is always a thorough self-control of the level of sugar and diabetics must constantly selfish therapy, take preventive measurespreventing the development of complications.

It is possible to simplify your life and get the desired level of glycated hemoglobin can be even without the help of drugs lowering the amount of sugar: with a low carbohydrate content will give the opportunity to introduce less insulin, and therefore the risk of hypoglycemia will also decrease.

After testing analyzes for glycken hemoglobin, the HBA1C indicator in older people should be no more than 8%, better when it is 7.5%.

The HBA1C index in children, adolescents, pregnant women should be less than 6.5%, and ideally even lower than 5.%.

According to obtained analyzes, depending on the age of the patient, the goals of further treatment can be identified:

The indicators of the glycylene hemoglobin HBA1C are outlined in the table correspond to the indicators of the glucose level of an empty stomach and 2 hours after meals:

Analysis on glycated hemoglobin is vital and very important. The big percentage of patients with SD dies due to the development of cardiovascular complications and stroke, renal failure, and other diseases. To prevent such complications and live a fairly long life and it is necessary to control not only the blood sugar level, but also to undergo regular studies on the glycated hemoglobin.

Many diabetes patients allow one terrible error when it is believed that the analysis of glycated hemoglobin and positive data allow not to conduct a blood sugar level self-control.

It's important to know: The HBA1C indicator is the average value that cannot give you an accurate warranty that throughout the day your glucose level will not have sharp jumps, then riving, then falling.

For example, the average value of the numerical series 3-3-3-3 is 3 and the same 3 is present in the row 3-6-3-6. But: in the last row, if we build a schedule, sharp decals and rates of indicators will be noticeable. The same thing happens with your glucose level, which rides there and back and at the same time the average value of the HBA1C of a person suffering from the SD will be similar to the indicator of a healthy person.

Based on the above, it is always necessary to evaluate the HBA1C indicator during self-control and obtaining its results, which will help to understand how and with what dynamics the disease proceeds.