Sugar diabetes is insidious and dangerous diseasewhich at the first stages can proceed absolutely asymptomatic. Today, doctors argue that this disease is striking every fifth resident of the Earth, but not all patients know about their illness. One of important analyzeswhich allows you to identify the disease in the first stage is a study on glycated hemoglobin in blood. This test must be passed at the first signs of diabetes. What is glycosylated hemoglobin, and what is his norm in healthy people.

Description

What does glycated hemoglobin show? This analysis determines how much hemoglobin in humans is connected to glucose. Than more glucose In the blood, the higher the indicators will be. This study refers to the means early diagnosis And suitable for child examination. Common hemoglobin is determined during a clinical test of blood.

Analysis on glycated hemoglobin is characterized by high accuracy and convenience. To prepare it, you do not need to get up early and donate on an empty stomach. It can be passed at any time of the day and at the same time not to think about the eaten sandwicher before going to the clinic. The determination of glycosylated hemoglobin shows the average sugar in the plasma over the past 12 weeks.

When deciphering the analysis, it is important to know that in different laboratories this blood component may be called:

• Hemoglobin A1c.
• Glycosylated hemoglobin.
• Glycemic hemoglobin.
• Glycohemoglobin.
• Glyted.
• HBA1C.

The main advantage of this analysis is that the test shows blood sugar in the last 3 months. That is, if the patient may cause rapid indicators before surrendering blood to the sugar, then the test will not pass such a focus. Doctors will definitely be installed, whether the patient has violated a diet in the last 12 weeks, or strictly followed the recommendations of doctors. Also, the analysis on HBA1C allows you to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment and timely adjust therapy.

Norma

The target level of the glycated hemoglobin is measured as a percentage. This is an indicator of the total weight of hemoglobin in the blood. When deciphering the analysis, the doctor must take into account age, the floor and the weight of the patient. Today, doctors use the following table to evaluate the patient's condition:

• Less than 5.7% is a normal level. The risk of diabetes is very low.
• 5.7-6.1% - there is no disease yet. However, you need to adjust the power, and exclude carbohydrates. With such indicators, the patient recommends preventive measures.
• 6.1-6.5% - high risk of developing diabetes. With such results, you need to urgently adjust the power, and change the lifestyle.
• Above 6.5% - doctors diagnose diabetes. To confirm or denial the diagnosis, additional surveys are appointed to the patient.

These averages are used to determine the glycated hemoglobin in children and adults, however, for each patient there are possible deviations. Only a doctor can adequately appreciate the results of your analysis for all third-party factors. It should be noted that the indicators of low glycated hemoglobin are dangerous for health.

Benefits of research

The blood test on the glycated hemoglobin is a more accurate sugar test. The test results are always accurate and show the medium level of sugar in the blood plasma over the past 3 months. This test has a number of undeniable advantages over the usual blood test for sugar, namely:

• The test results do not affect the blood intake time.
• Blood can be handed over after eating.
• The result does not affect the intake of alcohol.
• The result does not affect stress.

In addition, this analysis is technically much easier than other studies. All that is required from the patient is to pass the blood of the finger. The result will be ready after 24 hours. This study today is carried out in any clinic. Also, blood test, glycated hemoglobin can be passed in any diagnostic center. In this case, you can get a result much faster.

Pregnancy analysis

Despite all the advantages, the analysis of glycated hemoglobin in women during pregnancy is better not to do. The blood sugar level is an important study for future mothers, but doctors are recommended when entering a child to identify it with other methods.

First, you need to say about danger increased sugar For a pregnant woman and her child. With increasing glucose in the blood, the fruit begins to grow actively, which invariably causes complications in childbirth, because more than 4 kg to give birth to a weight of more than 4 kg. In addition, the increase in sugar is invariably affecting the health of the young mother, and the child suffers. Vessels are destroyed, kidney disease develops, vision is reduced, etc.

These consequences can manifest themselves after delivery, and then the mother simply will not be able to fully educate their child.

However, control the blood sugar is not so simple. The thing is that usually in women in the position the level of glucose rises after meals. For 3-4 hours, which he increased sugar destroys the health of the future mother. For this reason, donate blood on sugar in the usual way on an empty stomach of pregnant women is just useless. This study can not show the true picture of the state of the woman.

Analysis on glycosylated hemoglobin is also not suitable for pregnant. Why? Just because it is usually with the problem of increasing blood glucose. Pregnant women face no earlier than the 6th month of the baby tool. At the same time, the analysis will show an increase only after 2 months, that is, closer to childbirth. At this time, measures to lower sugar will no longer bring the desired results.

Single way out During pregnancy, it is controlled by sugar after meals at home. To do this, buy a special analyzer at the pharmacy and test after 30, 60 and 120 minutes after meals. The norm in women in this case does not exceed 7.9 mmol / l. If your indicator above this mark you need to urgently consult a doctor. To obtain a full picture, the test must be carried out after each meal, write the indicators into a separate notebook.

Treatment

The level of glycosylated hemoglobin in the blood may increase or decrease depending on the state of the patient. Treatment in any case should appoint a doctor. Usually the first phase of treatment is the correction of nutrition and changes in the work schedule and recreation. For many patients whose norm of glycated hemoglobin in the blood is slightly elevated, this is enough to reduce the risks of development of diabetes. However, if the level is lowered, opposite, take measures to increase it.

If the doctor has diagnosed with diabetes, one diet can no longer do. In this case, additional surveys will be appointed and the treatment is recommended. In compliance with all the recommendations of the specialist, you can live a full life for many years, regularly controlling blood sugar levels.

Special complexity in the treatment of diabetes mellitus is the observance of a thin face between the increased and reduced blood sugar levels. For healthy man The norm of glycosylated hemoglobin is up to 6.5%. Patients with disease diabetes need to strive for this figure.

However, for such people, the HBA1C indicator is glycated - 7% is considered good, in which the probability of the development of complications is significantly reduced.

In medication therapy, it is necessary to ensure that the level does not fall below the norm, in this case there is a risk of developing hypoglemia.

All people, according to doctors, must take the blood test on glycosylated hemoglobin at least once a year. The control of the level of glycated hemoglobin in children is especially important. Today, diabetes younger, and with this problem there are often parents of young children. HBA1C target level control in children and adolescents allows you to identify the disease on the most early stages His development and protect the child from the development of dangerous complications.

Also, the blood test for glycosylated hemoglobin has a special value for elderly patients. They are most often faced with the development of complications, which in old age are difficult to treat. As a rule, regular blood test helps to identify health risk in a timely manner, which can significantly extend the patient's life.

So what is glycated hemoglobin? This is a portion of hemoglobin tied in blood with glucose. The indicator does not depend on the momentum of blood sugar and it is considered that it is most effective for the detection of diabetes in the early stages. Today, the correspondence table should hang in each laboratory, where the target norms of the glycated hemoglobin HBA1C are indicated. Vedi healthy image After all, the reasons for the development of diabetes are most often lied in improper nutrition.

In modern medicine, there are two main ways to diagnose sugar diabetes:

1. Measuring blood sugar level
2. Glucosotered test.

In the first case, information is displayed only at the time of the study, and in the second - for a sufficiently long period of time. It is the second test that will help identify sugar diabetes at the initial stages and prevent its further development.

What is glycated (glycosylated) hemoglobin?

The glycated hemoglobin is the result of the neopenmen reaction of the hemoglobin and glucose compound. The higher the blood glucose level, the faster this process, and, accordingly, the amount of glycated hemoglobin.

As you know, hemoglobin is in red blood cells. The duration of their lifetime is about 4 months, therefore the degree of "sugranion" of blood is estimated in almost the same period when glucosotyperant test.

There are several names of this indicator:

• Nya1c;
• Hemoglobin A1C;

It should be understood that Nya1c is present in the blood of every person, even healthy. But people with diabetes, its level is significantly increased. Deviation from the norm should be an alarming bell for anyone who is important their own health.

Price rate analysis

Today, the price for this type of research is much higher than the usual analysis to the blood glucose level. It is for this reason that the NWAs test did not receive widespread among the population, although it gives more accurate results. If we talk about the exact price, it varies from 400 rubles higher.

Below are a few clinics where this study is held and the price for the service:

1. Center for Surgery and Litarity - 400 rubles.
2. Laservita - 500 rubles.
3. MC "Petrovsky Gate" - 550 rubles.
4. LDC "Kutuzovsky" - 530 rubles.
5. Clinic Leo Rudina - 520 rubles.

Normal indicators

Conducted studies found that normal indicator Nya1c for men and women, regardless of age, 4-6% are considered. More detailed values \u200b\u200bare shown in the table.

Evaluation of blood sugar based on diabetes analysis

Since 2011, the World Health Organization has determined that the level of NGAs 6.5% is the basis of diagnosis in a patient of diabetes mellitus.

If the presence of this disease is already installed, this indicator will help to establish:

• Treatment efficacy;
• Proper determination of the dose of medicines and insulin;
• The presence of risk of developing various complications (more about this in the table below) and in fact it is the norm of the level of the glycated hemoglobin in diabetes.

Evaluation of blood sugar based on the results of the analysis during pregnancy

High blood glucose indicator of pregnant women:

• It suggests that the child can be born large, which greatly complicates childbirth.
• Moreover, elevated sugar Negatively affect the state of blood vessels, vision, kidneys, etc.

Since the analysis on Na1c reacts with some delay, it is not suitable for pregnant women. So, the analysis will give a positive result on high sugar only when it will stay at a level of 2-3 months. So, the level of sugar of pregnant women begins to grow only for 6 months.

For this reason, the NWA analysis will show increased indicators for 8-9 months of pregnancy, when it will be impossible to influence the situation. In order to avoid negative consequences for themselves and the child, pregnant women are desirable to monitor blood glucose levels, passing analyzes every 2 weeks.

Target level of glycated hemoglobin in children

NA1S rate indicators are identified equally for adults and children. Therefore, children and adolescents the level of glycated hemoglobin must be held in 6.5%, but it is better to achieve its decline to less than 5%. In this case, the risk of diabetes mellitus will come.

Why and when should I take tests for glycated hemoglobin?

The glucosotyperant test is designed to determine the following:

• The presence of diabetes;
• The risk of developing a person of this disease;
• As far as diabetics can independently keep the level of glucose in the blood;
• Efficiency of therapy.

As mentioned above, diabetes can be diagnosed in a person by passing an analysis to the level of glucose. As established, this indicator is unstable. This is a consequence that blood sugar can fall sharply or climb.

Then the research results will be unreliable, as the diagnosis in general. When analyzing Nya1s, the level of sugar change has been investigated for three months, which helps to make more accurate conclusions. This is one of the advantages of this type of analysis.

There are others:

• Blood is surrendered regardless of meals;
• Accurate detection of diabetes in the initial stages;
• Rapid studies of the study;
• The results do not affect infectious, viral diseases;
• Doctors have the opportunity to know how well the diabetes has kept the level of glucose;
• Selected blood can be stored for some time in the test tube.

It is also worth mentioning the disadvantages of this type of tests:

• High price analysis on glycated hemoglobin;
• Results may be distorted due to the presence of diseases such as anemia or hemoglobinopathy;
• The NA1C indicator may be overestimated at reduced level the content of the hormones of the thyroid gland;
• There is a suggestion that the level of NA1C decreases when taking large doses of vitamins of the group C, E.

It has been proven that the research results will not affect:

• Time when blood selection occurs;
• Man liked or not;
• Acceptance of medicines (except for those assigned to diabetes mellitus);
• Physical exercise;
• The presence of infectious and other diseases;
• Emotional state of man.

How often is the analysis:

1. During pregnancy - Once every 10-12 weeks.
2. In the presence of type 1 diabetes - Once every 3 months.
3. In the presence of type 2 diabetes - semiannually.

In the remaining cases, a person must determine the need for research. So with a not characteristic constant thirst, frequent nausea, pain in the stomach, that is, at the first signs increased level Sugar in the body, test is better to spend.

How to pass the analysis?

As indicated above, the blood on nya1s can be handed over at any convenient time. At the same time, the preliminary observance of the diet from person is not required. It will not affect the results and the fact, the man had a man before surrendering blood or not.

Despite this, most clinics put some conditions:

• Half an hour before the blood selection is not smoking;
• Avoid serious physical exertion;
• It is advisable to hand over on an empty stomach.

The consequences of elevated levels

If the level of glycated hemoglobin over a long level is elevated, then this leads to quite serious negative consequences:

• Pathology of the heart and blood vessels.
• Hypoxia of tissues and organs (develops due to the fact that hemoglobin does not cope with the function of transporting oxygen in the body).
• Worsening vision.
• Diabetes.
• Lack of iron.
• Hyperglycemia.
• Renal failure.
• Polyneuropathy.
• For pregnant women: the child can be born too large or dead. There is also a risk that in the child the child will manifest themselves with non-insulin-dependent diabetes.

The consequences of a reduced level

The low level of HBA1C also leads to negative consequences to which include:

• Outsimation by medicines that reduce blood glucose levels.
• Adrenal insufficiency.
• Frequent bleeding.
• The need for regular blood transfusion.
• A person has enough long time to stick to a low-carbid diet.
• Hemolytic anemia.
• Development of rare genetic diseases: disease background girke, Gersi disease, fructose intolerance.
• During pregnancy: premature parents or the birth of a dead child are possible.

Patient treatment according to analysis indicators

In case of detection of evasion from the norm of the glycated hemoglobin, it is necessary, first of all, to seek help to a doctor.

Only a specialist will be able to correctly determine the form of treatment, which, usually, includes:

• Proper nutrition;
• Certain physical exertion;
• Medications.

Regarding nutrition, there are recommendations:

• Vegetables and fruits must prevail in food. They will help keep glucose levels.
• Bean and bananas are rich in fiber, so very useful for diabetics.
• Yogurt and low-fat milk. Due to the high content of vitamin D and calcium, they contribute to strengthening bone system. Especially useful these products for those of type 2 diabetes.
• Fish and nut meat are saturated with omega-3 acids and adjust the level of glucose, by reducing insulin resistance.
• Stronically prohibited: chocolate, fried food, fast food, carbonated drinks, which lead to a sharp increase in glucose levels.

Physical exertion, especially aerobic, are able to reduce sugar levels for a long time, so they must be present in the life of each person.

It has long been established that the emotional state also affects the increase in nya1c, so stress must be avoided.

In any case, a person who has surrendered tests on the HBA1C should not immediately fall into panic if there are any deviations. Various factors affect the level of glycated hemoglobin. The reasons for its increase or lowering can only be established by the doctor through additional analyzes.