Update Article 27.09.2019

Over the past 3 years, 60 cases of human rabies contamination have been recorded in Russia. The greatest number of such cases is registered in the Central, Volga, North Caucasus and Southern Federal Districts, as well as in the Republic of Tatarstan and the Chelyabinsk region. In the Nizhny Novgorod region today in 50 settlements announced quarantine. These municipal districts are recognized as unfavorable in terms of the spread of rabies, and among the sicks there are both wild and pets.

In September 2015, a quarantine was announced in 6 Moscow veterinary clinics in connection with the emergence of rabies in pets. If the rabies were found in pets, it is most dangerous, since they are likely their contact with man.

Frenzy - is it a deadly disease?

The rabies virus amazes the central nervous system of an animal and man. Lifting through the nervous ways, it reaches the brain and causes its inflammation (specific encephalitis). Until 2005, rabies were considered a deadly infection for a person. It is known only a few cases of cure of people from this terrible infectious disease. However, the vaccination or certain measures taken on time, which will be discussed further, can save a sick life.

The main carriers of rabies virus (Rabies Virus):

1. Wild animals (wolves, foxes, wild cats, lynx, bats, hedgehogs, rodents)
2. Oils of agricultural animals
3. Pets

Statistics of the incidence of rabies in Russia by type of animal carriers for 1997 - 2007

From the diagrams it is clear that wild animals are the main sources of rabies. Recently, due to the spread of rabies among wild animals, the virus penetrates simultaneously into several biological species. For example, the wolf is transmitted to the fox or cunita. Therefore, in the forest you need to be particularly cautious and attentive. We have already written about.

Approximate half of all cases of rabies contamination are home and farming animals in contact with wild. The most dangerous wild animals in terms of infection with rabies are foxes (first diagram). Moreover, you can meet franty foxes both in the forestroom and in the city. When infection with rabies, fox can manifest themselves. Some may behave aggressively and attack people. Others, on the contrary, stretch to people and show affection, like pets. Such behavior for a healthy fox is uncharacteristic.

If you meet such a fox, you need to leave the forest immediately or the zone in which it is. It is impossible to take them in the hands.

How can the man get infected with rabies?

A man is infected with rabies when attacking animals on him and further bite. When analyzing the rabies bulletin, it was revealed that it is the street type of rabies on the territory of our country. 99% of people who died of rabies (WHO) have become infected with street stray dogs. It is also possible to infection with rabies when the animal saliva is hung on the damaged human skin.

The second source for people's infection is forest foxes. If the saliva of the infected animal fell on the forest edible grass (for example, sick, acidic) or berries, then the use of them in the unmeed form can lead to infection. For prevention, it is necessary to thoroughly wash any dars of forests.

You can get infected with rabies if the motorist knocked down the infected forest animal and touched the unprotected hands to the evaporated parts of the car or the animal himself. Ideally, it is necessary to report an incident to the specialists of anti-diseases stations to combat animal diseases, which should treat the place of disinfecting solutions and appoint a quarantine. If the blood, for example, a knitted fox hit the skin of a person, it is necessary to urgently contact the nearest trauma.

In addition, a person can infect pets, born wild animals.

Symptoms of rabies in animals

After infection of dogs or cats, rabies, as a rule, takes about 15 days before the animal starts to actually behave.

Most often in dogs, the following symptoms are manifested:

1. Begins to nibble the place of bite or lick it.
2. The dogs are expanding pupils, while starting to behave aggressively and even runs away from the house.
3. Keeping appetite, the dog may swallow inedible things.
4. An animal may have a strong salivation with foam and vomiting (doctors refer to the main symptom of rabies).
5. Polyasnis (may not manifest).

After the manifestation of these signs, as a rule, paralysis of all muscles and the death of the animal comes on the third day.

In cats The most often observed salivation and strong excitement.

In cows The limb is paralyzed and death comes.

Symptoms of rabies in humans

With rabies, the incubation period is from 8 days to 1 year. Most often, the disease does not exhibit in any way within 40 days.

The duration of the incubation period and the course of the disease directly depends on the place of bite on the body, the age of the affected, the depth of the wound and the penetration of the virus, the rapid use of the vaccine.

It is believed that the smallest incubation period of a person in the bite wolf. As for the place of bite, the most dangerous is the defeat of the head, face and hands during an animal attack, since the rabies virus strikes the nerve fibers and human cells, moving on the spinal cord to the head.

The death of a person comes to suffocation and stop the heart.

Symptoms of rabies in people:

1. The primary symptoms of rabies include: subfebrile body temperature (above 37, but below 38 degrees), malaise, respiratory cramps and desire to swallow food, headache, nausea, lack of air. The bite is blushing, enhanced saliva is observed.
2. Nervous arousal, irritability, anxiety, headache, insomnia, depression, poor appetite appear. All this lasts about 1-3 days.
3. Then the characteristic symptom of rabies appears - "foam of mouth", the excitement is accompanied by muscle convulsions that may occur even from bright light. Patients can become aggressive, shout, tear up clothes, apply power, breaking furniture. The body temperature rises to 39-41 degrees, tachycardia is observed, increased tearing, salivation, sweating.
4. In the future, hydrophide and strong breath spasms appear. Most often at this moment, pupils expand, convulsions can distort the face.
5. Then the face becomes blue. At the last stage of the disease, hallucinations with changes in mood and attacks of anger, which are very dangerous. During rage, the sick person can even bite others.

It is worth knowing that there is " quiet rabies »When a person's disease can proceed almost asymptomatic, he does not show excitement. Most often it is transmitted in the bite of people with volatile mice living in South America.

What to do if you mad animal or homeless dog?

1. At first symptoms of rabies, people save almost impossible. Therefore, if you bite a forest or homeless animal, and not a vaccinated pet, you need to immediately contact your medical assistance.
2. If a mad animal is homemade, then you need to tie and isolate it.
3. Prior to the arrival of the ambulance brigade, rinse the wound with water with the economic soap and cause abundant bleeding from the wound, so there is a possibility that the virus will come out with blood (penetration of the virus 3 mm per hour)
4. You can not sew the wound, process it with alcohol, iodine go to another antiseptic.
5. It is impossible to drink alcohol after bite.
6. Causes of people animals must be examined by a veterinarian.
7. If the animal is aggressive and there is no possibility to tie it, then it is necessary, not touching it, cause sanitary service through the rescue telephone 112.

Prevention of rabies

In the prevention of rabies, a very important role is played by the owner of the mainstall rules. The very first thing to do is when you decide to take an animal to your home - to find out whether it is vaccinated against rabies. Preventive vaccination using anti-libtic vaccines of pets is mandatory in our country and in any even a small town or settlement are obliged to make it free of charge in state veterinary clinics. Grabia vaccination is made at an early age. Repeated vaccinations must be carried out every year.

If you suspect the pet's pet, then you need to immediately deliver it to a veterinary institution for inspection and research. If the animal is not vaccinated, then it is impossible to allow it to participate in exhibitions and on animal farms, as well as walk to the forest hunting.

If you want to sell, buy or transport dogs it is necessary to issue a veterinary certificate with a mark that the animal vaccinated against rabies no more than 11 months and no less than 30 days before the trip.

If your pets served wild animals or stray dogs, then you need to immediately report it in the vehicle to inspect his doctor.

Material prepared with the participation of Veterinary Feldscher

A common or redhead fox is a predatory mammal, which belongs to the pet family. This is the most common and largest view of foxes.

The habitat is the habitat of the ordinary Fox - all of Europe, North Africa, most Asia, North America, ranging from the Arctic zone and ending with the North Coast of the Mexican Gulf. The fox after acclimatization has spread throughout Australia, with the exception of some northern regions in which the wet subequatorial climate prevails.

Fox prefers with tall landscapes and comes to hunting mainly after sunset, especially in the warm season. Although red fox has enough natural enemies, it practically does not reduce its range and can even dwell even in poportodes.

Dental system in foxes, as in all pings, a sharply pronounced cutting type, which implies the presence of highly developed predatory teeth and fangs. Caused by this carnivorous nature of animal nutrition.

How to avoid fox bite

In most cases, foxes do not attack a person. Therefore, to protect yourself from their bites is not so difficult.

Firstly, in no case do not go to the Lisa Nora, do not fit close to the fox with a young. Mother guarding his offspring is capable of much.

Secondly, do not attack the fox first, if you do not engage in its professional shooting.

Thirdly, at night in nature, try to choose a place for the camp away from the rooking of wild animals.

Fourthly, in the evening and night, ignite the bonfire, the flame and smoke from which the foxes and the rest of the predatory mammals are scared.

Fifth, use strong smells to protect against predators. Even the most ordinary household deodorant is suitable. They can be sprayed, for example, the perimeter of the tent.

Six, remember that the patients with rabies fox lose the instinct of self-preservation and boldly go to the people, bite them and pets. Therefore, seeing on the street, in the yard or on the nature of the Fox, which is not afraid of you, do not fit to her, do not smooth and do not attempt to feed.

In the seventh, do not try to take the fox met to you in "Lazaret" or "feeding", shelter her and go out, even if it seems unhappy, gullible and affectionate. Pity here is not only not appropriate, but also is dangerous.

Eighth, when meeting with wild animals, stop and do not make sharp movements. Think of the path of retreat and a slow step, without turning your back, go away to the safe distance.

Nine, special care to show in autumn-winter and early spring. These seasons are most favorable to spread rabies virus.

What are the consequences of fox bite

Lisi bite, like almost all animal bites, has uneven edges and can be accompanied by damage to vessels, muscles, tendons.

The situation becomes complicated by the pathogens of dangerous diseases into the human body, which I can be in the mouth of the animal. Fox fisles are very sharp. Therefore, during the bite, the microbes penetrate deeply into the wound, and already from there they fall into the circulatory system. Bacteria and mushrooms transmitted through the animal saliva are often overcome the natural protective mechanism of the body.

Wild animals, including foxes, may hurt with such dangerous diseases as:

Rabies

When bite, the rabies virus falls into the wound with saliva. The most dangerous deep rustling of muscles and damage in the head and neck is most dangerous.

The first signs of the disease are manifested in a bite place. There is a swelling of the scar, its redness, itching and pain appears and the pain on busting, for example, limbs. There is a general ailment, headache, the sensitivity to auditory and visual stimuli increases, the appetite disappears, the body temperature is increased to 37.5 ° C, the possible diarrhea. To all above the listed symptoms is added insomnia, an depressed state, a feeling of rapid fear, anxiety, longing.

Rabies is accompanied by a severe defeat of the central nervous system. The patient develops a water-free. The type of water and sounds of flowing water cause convulsive cuts of swallowing muscles. Due to the reflex excitability, common cramps appear, provoked even by air movements.

In humans, the incubation period of the disease can continue until the year, in any case it takes no less than 3-4 weeks. The duration of the incubation period depends on the degree and place of the bite. Reaching brain, the virus is striking him, which inevitably ends with a fatal outcome.

Tularemia

Tulyarania is an infectious disease, which rodents and fur beasts are mainly ill. The disease causes an aerobic fixed bacterium, which can be seen under the light microscope. The infection can be transmitted to a person with several ways, including in contact and bite of infected fox.

The incubation period of the disease is short. Symptoms are often manifested in 3-7 days after infection. The patient has an increase in the temperature, chills appear, the lubrication in the body, the feeling of weakness, which is very similar to the symptoms of the flu.

Among other things, in the bite of fox, it is possible to enter a secondary infection in the wound, which is also fraught with many serious consequences.

What should not be done when bite fox

• It is impossible to immediately stop not very strong bleeding. Blood, leaving the wound, takes out a saliva of an animal with possible microbes and viruses.
• Do not put a tight bandage.
• You should not also independently sew the wounds caused by a fox or any other mammal predator. The doctor, assessing the severity of damage, will decide on the feasibility of its closure.
• It is strictly forbidden to be treated at home, without visiting medical institutions.

What measures can be taken with a bite

If the bite area is large, bleeding is abundant, and well-being is bad, it is necessary to immediately cause ambulance. If you are located near the house and are able to move, then:

1. First of all, go to the bathroom to rinse the wound with a 20% soap solution. For its preparation, dissolve 1 piece of toilet soap or third part of the economic in two glasses of water. It is worth noting that it is advisable to use the economic soap, alkali as part of which is very effectively fighting with the rabies virus. The duration of washing the shallow wounds is 5-10 minutes, deep - 10-15 minutes.

2. If the wound is deep, then after washing, treat the skin around it with ethyl alcohol or an alcoholic solution of iodine. With a shallow wound, an antibacterial ointment should be applied to it in order to avoid the development of the infectious process.

3. Then impose a sterile bandage on the damaged place.

4. After the preliminary processing of the wound, contact the trauma. Only the doctor can qualitatively process the wound and resolve the question regarding the need for anti-libtic vaccination and the prevention of tetanus.

• In contaminated foxes, the virus can start stand out with saliva 3-10 days before the appearance of symptoms of the disease.
• Wild foxes are the largest carrier of rabies virus in southern Europe.
• According to WHO statistics, approximately 55,000 people die from rabies every year. The greatest amount of death is registered in Asia and Africa.

Wild foxes have already come to settlements several times in the settlements in the Stupinsky municipal district of the Moscow region, said the State Hunting Inspector of the Stupinsky district Valery Vasilyevich Dobakin.

So, the foxes went out several times in Malino's urban settlement, in the village of Sotnikovo and Harino. And such visits of red chests are a serious problem.

Fox, leaving people, attack pets, steal chickens, ducks and other inhabitants of bird courtyards.

According to the hunting inspector, the foxes behave strangely - nothing and no one fear, go on the road and die there. So, under the wheels of the car turned out to be a whole brood.

Why do foxes behave like this - unknown. But for sure at that time, the redheads are not starving. Now in the forest is full of all the shallow game, birds and mice, and the fox has excellent hearing and scent, which allows it to hunt and feed offspring.

But the most dangerous is that foxes bite. In one of the settlements of Lisa bit the woman and a man, a rustic cat and a dog.

The danger of the current situation is that Lisa is a carrier of rabies. In the spring-summer period, the fox are experiencing great stress, this is due to their nomad to the new territory and the reproduction process. Weak individuals as a result of overloading immunity will weaken, and they become vulnerable to such a formidable disease, like rabies. From fox rabies, definitely dying.

But before you die, the false foxes may have a lot of trouble. Frash animals lose the instinct of self-preservation, behave inadequately, without fear attack people and animals, infecting them.

In order not to become a victim of the doomed individual, at the meeting, firstly, you need to stop and do not make sharp movements. The second rule is to find ways to retreat and a leisurely step, preferably without showing your back, move away for a safe distance. Be sure to call the place for catching wild animals or just in the rescue service. If still fastened, in no case can you bite yourself. But when bite, it is still worth consulting a doctor.

To prevent the spread of rabies society of hunters and fishermen regulate the number of fox by shooting. Each shooting animal is necessarily sent to the examination. As a result, such an examination it turned out that one of the shooting predators in the settlement of Malino was ill with rabies, reported in the Stupinsky district station to combat animal diseases.

But the animals not only shoot. To prevent mass infection of fox, animal rabies virus vaccinate. The drug in capsules is added to a special feed, which hunting and hunters are left at fox. To protect the animal from rabies, sufficiently receiving the drug. Therefore, outbreaks of the fox rabies epidemic, as such, it is not necessary to wait.

However, the situation with rabies was alarming. So, in the Stupinsky district of July 18, a case of rabies was recorded. At once, three people were bited by the fringe fox in the village of Bereznetso, Malino's urban settlement. The first victim was a man on whom the uninvited guest attacked, running out of the chicken coop. Then fox bit two women, one of which was walking along the side of the road, and the second only managed to get out of the car. The victims of the mad animal passed the timely course of treatment in the hospital.

Rabies is an acute infectious disease that affects the central nervous system and fatal for a person. The causative agent of infection is a virus that multiplies in the body of warm-blooded animals and humans. The main sources of the disease are foxes, raccoon dogs, wolves, as well as pets: dogs, cats, etc. It is possible to get rabies at any time of the year, however, the summer-autumn months are the most dangerous.

Infection of animals and humans occurs when a bite or through the saliva of the patient (mad) animal, which fell on damaged skin coverings, less often on the mucous membranes. From person, the virus is usually not transmitted.

The first signs of the disease are manifested at the site of the bite: the scar blows, blushes, itching and pain appear on the bite body. There is a general ailment, headache, increased sensitivity to auditory and visual stimuli, decreases appetite, temperature
Bodies rises to 37.5 ° C, causing diarrhea. The patient is depressed, sleeping badly, is experiencing anonymous fear, a feeling of anxiety, longing. After 2 - 3 days, respiration and swallowing begins, convulsions, hallucinations appear; When trying to drink, and soon and at the sight of water, her murmur and splash, an attack of hydrophobia (a sense of horror and painful muscle spasms of throats and larynx). Then the paralysis of various organs and systems and the patient is dying.

How to protect yourself against rabies?

The following simple rules must be observed: avoid contact with wild animals; It should be remembered that the removal of the skins from the foxes, racker dogs and other animal species is prohibited.

The bites and exploring by any kind of animal are dangerous to health, so when the bite of animals or contact with it, it is necessary to contact a medical institution. The location of flare or bite before contacting the medical institution must be urgently rinsed with water with soap.

With inadequate animal behavior or suspicion of rabies, you need to urgently report in the veterinary service.

Take care of yourself and your close to the deadly disease - rabies!

Hello Olga!

In order not to expose yourself at risk, you can not contact wild animals. In private farms, poultry should be contained in closed enclosures. Dogs in the yard should be at the riser. Also, the garbage dumps should also be removed, so as not to attract wild beasts, and throwing the bunoan - in order to hide them.

Signs of rabies in fox

The disease has different symptoms. First of all, the lack of fear of fear in front of a person already suggests an animal infection. Healthy fox is staying away and from people, and from human housing. And the fallen animal, on the contrary, can go to the territory of the settlement and come close to man, dog, cattle.

Framing can manifest in violent form. The animal has abundant salivation due to the fact that the infection affects the throat muscles. Also, the fallen fox sometimes makes a hoarse bark. The lower limbs can be affected by paralysis.

With a quiet form of a sick beast, sluggish and calm, can come close, and then bite. The infected animal moves unnaturally, he has a few swelling muzzle, and the eyes of muddy. Sometimes it can lick other animals or hands to a person. Already 10 days before the manifestation of clinical signs of illness in the saliva contains a rabies virus. Therefore, a wild beast can not be allowed to approach close, and pets after inadequate behavior are observed for 10 days. Surely find out whether the animal infected with the rabies virus can only be examined in the laboratory of the cell of its brain.

How to behave when meeting with mad fox

• Stop. Avoid sharp movements.
• Do not turn your back! Do not run away! Do not laugh! Lisa can take your smile for ruffled and rush. Avoid raising your hands. Do not show that you are frightened. Slowly leaving a safe distance.
• Do not let the fox bite you.
• If the beast intends to rush, protect the throat. If possible, climb on a tree, hide in the room. For protection, any remedies are suitable - stick, stone, sand. In the worst situation, when you turned out to be shot down from the legs, turn over the stomach, close your hands, and the face of the elbows. Do not move. Call loud to the rescue, but do not move and do not turn over.
• If the animal will bite, rinse the wound and immediately contact the doctor. Rinse the wound can be warm water with soap. Alternatively, the wound is washed with hydrogen peroxide. These manipulations will wash off the saliva fox. The edges of the wound need to be lubricated with iodine, isolate it with a clean bandage and hurry to the hospital. The faster the treatment has begun, the higher the chances of success.
• Contrieving a doctor need as soon as possible at least within 3 days.
• It is advisable to tell the doctor how the animal looked like, describe his behavior and appearance, the circumstances of contact with him.
• It is possible to infected with a sick animal with rabies through a bite or fox in a saliva that fell on damaged skin or mucous membranes. The place of bite swells, becomes red, hurts and zudit. Do not pull! Do not wait for the worst! When infected and without vaccination, death is inevitable. Therefore, in the case of contact with the fox, immediately apply for medical attention.
• In the hospital will appoint vaccination. The full course consists of 6 injections in the delicid muscle of the shoulder. The first injection is done on the day of appeal, then on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, 30th and 90th day.

Regards, Galina.

Vladimir

only the laboratory method. but can be determined by behavior if the fox goes on the road and unwitting people and dogs, then most likely she is suspicious. Also, she throws on the relatives, dogs, people, and so on, not ordinary

Andrew

Usually under the tail written, there it is necessary to watch ... (h)

Boris.

in Vologodsk, all such smart you always see ;-)

Andrew

If the fox went into the village and does not definitely behave ,,, just in the grounds there is nothing to eat ............... great overcrowding .............. ....... It is necessary to hunt the Lord Hunters. But almost always fox in the winter healthy, rabies in a pilot time.

Andrew

Boris and it knows this anegdot there is such a thing, I climbed there, I can't read ...: - D

Andrew

Boris, even advice to you, when you add fox to the tail and over the shoulder, so carry it easier and more convenient, especially so far; -) (H)

Michael

Boris is the right topic for discussion, I had a case, fox went on the side of the road and rushed to cars, people in general at all, we shot it and gave it to the analysis, - turned out to be rabies. Determine only on appearance, and accordingly, the analysis, any animal who lives does not have a person afraid of him, and if the animal does not attempt attempts or even trying to predict most likely this is a sick animal. The easiest way to approximately determine the rabies of donomshniyzhivoy, if bonding appeared, first not to approach them to give them to allow milk if it means all the annema if there are no calls of the doctor.

Alexei

Boris, why do you need a mad fox? Duchess got?

Anna

It is possible to determine, it is not necessary to give an animal to the laboratory for the express test of the brain. The first, if it is 2 Stradia, then the animal in the bright day of the day is unlikely to meet-increased sensitivity to sunlight, secondly, the fox will stay near the settlement , regardless of the time of year, thirdly, if the animal is bruoked, then around the place of bite wool will be extended due to burning and itching. I know all the nuances, because. I love hunting for this beast. It has been vaccinated to the most, lost a dog (died of rabies, it would be a challenge of the hound it turned out). I would like to observe Beshenichlis in the twilight period of Gona -Feveral-beginning March (Saratov region). In this regard, I recommend to take disposable gloves, even purely psychologically helps. Although the air-drip, and alimentary (C / W food and water) of the path of infection have recently been described. Therefore, the hunters, as the persons constantly exposed to the exposure risk to the rabies virus should periodically conduct revaccination!

Miha

Anna ...: - O where ..

Anna

Specify the question. I did not fully understand you?

Miha

do you know so much? :-)

Michael

Anna from where such knowledge? Long hunt?

Anna

More than four years. Something surprises you, confuses? Yes

Anna