Keratitis is isolated, in which the cornea damage occurs due to its inflammation, burn, physical injury, irradiation. Each case requires an individual selection of drugs.

In addition to injuries, corneal damage may be due to complications of other eye diseases. This category includes rosacea keratitis, creeping cornea ulcer.

Regardless of the variety of illness to use folk recipes Without agreeing, they cannot with an ophthalmologist. This can only harm and significantly increase the risk of loss of vision, the formation of Luma.

Eye injuries can have a variety of reasons. The main ones are:

• Foreign body hit.
• Mechanical impact.
• Frostbite.
• Thermal burn.
• Contact with dangerous chemical compounds.
• Infrared radiation, ultraviolet.

1. Fit the foreign body. It is characterized by tearing, strong burning and pain when flashing. Such bodies include:

• small items (dust, sailters, sandbanks and similar);
• low hazard chemicals (detergents and cosmetics, hair polish, shampoos, soap and similar);
• creatures (midges and other small insects).

2. Mechanical impact.

Causes and types of eye injury

The inflammatory corneal disease is Keratitis.

By the location of the inflammation sites allocate:

Surface, in which the formation of Luma does not occur, scars. Special complications are not observed. - Deep, the complication of which is the border of the cornea in the deep layer.

Types of keratitis

Bacterial keratitis - threatens when it is injured and subsequent infection, it should be added that this may occur when using damaged or contaminated contact lenses. Aktaneeuba is the simplest pathogen of this disease, causing Akantamebny Keratitis.

Keratoconewitivitis, is striking not only the cornea, but also by the conjunctival. The inner layers of the shell are affected by fungal inflammation. In nature there is another difficult to recognize disease. The disease caused by the virus of the Gerpes is herpety inflammation of the horny shell.

Photocheratitis - a disease provoked by a shell burn with ultropiolet rays. It can occur when working with a welding machine, constant focusing in the sun, a very long stay near the snow-covered territories.

Eye damage is divided by its origin on:

1. mechanical.
2. thermal.
3. chemical.
4. ultraviolet radiation.

Mechanical injuries include injuries of the eye obtained during falling, when stroking Tupim or sharp objects (branches of trees, fingers), ingress of foreign bodies: glass, metal, sand, chips, etc. They are open and closed.

TO closed injuries These bruises and the most common erosion.

Open damage include:

• cracks or scratches on the cornea (after stupid injury);
• the penetrating wound (the entrance and exit are in the same place) - damage to the eyeball is a sharp object;
• perfory wounds of the eyeball (entrance and weekends are located in different places);
• foreign bodies intraocular.

The thermal belongs to the burns of the outer shells of the eye with fire, hot objects, to chemical - injury as a result of influence on the eye by chemicals (acids, alkali, alcohol and t / d).

At the localization site of the traumatic agent, such options for the development of injury are considered:

1. damage to the cornea or erosion can lead to her clouding and detachment.
2. damage to the mucous membrane or conjunctivations are accompanied by subconjunctive hemorrhage (there is a red eye protein after hitting). The ruptures of the conjunctiva are dangerous in that they can hide the gap of the inner shells and require stitching.
3. damage to the century includes wounds with hemorrhage. In the area of \u200b\u200binjury, hematomas are possible with a change in skin color. First of all, you should treat the wound and attach cold.
4. eyeless damage and appendages are dangerous such consequences as the displacement of the bones of the orbit, the violation of the mobility of the eye, the loss of the shells, etc.

Symptomatics

These include:

1) Increased tears. 2) hanged sensitivity to light.

3) an uncontrolled reduction in circular muscle - blefarospasm. Upon receipt of the cornea injury, the eyelid begins to spontaneously decrease (is a response).

4) Perikornal injection of conjunctiva. Education occurs when the vessels of the conjunctivations lying deeply will start expanding.

5) Defect of the epithelial layer. 6) Painfulness.

7) Sand sensations in the eyes. 8) violation of the function of view.

9) Redness of the eye and eyelid due to the expansion of intra-communal vessels. 10) Sometimes headache.

Vision loss can be the consequence of corneal damage. Chemical burns, injured are the cause of these complications.

Qualified assistance is the key to preventing complications, as well as will help heal the damage. Deep burns carry the glaucoma, or increase the risk of its formation.

Violation of the outflow of the internal liquid is often the cause of this disease.

Often patients experience such symptoms:

• sharp pain;
• constant tearing;
• the inability to look at the light;
• reducing the quality of view;
• century swelling;
• hemorrhage in the cavity of the eye.

Treatment

Treatment methods directly depend on the type of eye injury:

You can do with outpatient treatment, without ignoring the campaign to the ophthalmologist. To damaged areas to deliver the cold and use disinfecting drops.

With an unbearable pain, a painkiller should be enjoyed and go to the doctor. After the diagnosis, hemostatics are prescribed - "ditinon" and "ethanzilate", and for general maintenance - iodine, calcium.

Do intramuscle Emoxipin to improve trophic (in some cases, injection is made under the eye).

2. Foreign bodies. Them (including scale around) remove after anesthesia by means injection needle. Put drops, ointments with antibacterial properties.

3. Contusion (deformation). It is recommended to make a cold to the place of injury and compliance with the beddown. Hemostatics prescribe (against bleeding), antibiotics, diuretics against edema, anti-inflammatory means of a non-steroid and hormonal plan, physiotherapy (magnetotherapy and UHF).

The sensitivity of the cornea is quite high. Minimum irritation can lead to significant discomfort. Signs of corneal lesion:

• Abundant selection of eyes.
• Super sensitivity to light.
• Uncontrolled cuts of circular muscles (blefarospasm).
• Defect of the epithelial layer.
• Perikornal injection of conjunctiva.
• Feeling pain in the place of damage.
• Violations of vision.
• Redness eyes and eyelids (extension of vessels).
• Sand feeling in the eyes.
• Rare headaches.

Caused factors affecting corneal damage:

• radioactive or ultraviolet radiation;
• ingress of foreign bodies;
• disorders in the feeding of the eyes with the necessary substances;
• drying (long reading or working at the computer);
• congenital pathology.

Effective therapy:

• When burning, the injury and horn of a foreign body, a bone anesthetic with healing properties will be a beneficial effect on the cornea.
• Lidocaine is used to eliminate discomfort and pain.
• The use of gels restoring tissue integrity.

The recovery period depends on the degree of wound, the efficiency of appeal to the doctor and varies within 5-15 days.

Treatment is carried out in specialized medical institutions Control of specialists and in no way should be carried out on their own at home.

Erosion

Minor damage that can be cured with ointments, antiseptics, eye dropsbased on genuine tears, medical acids. With this treatment, the defect quickly passes without bringing any complications.

Foreign bodies

To help removing foreign bodies will serve a cotton swab or wand. Objects that are too deep are deleted by special tools for this.

If these are neutral substances (chemically not aggressive), then they are left for a long time until the object takes to the upper layers and cannot be easily removed.

The healing of the cornea contributes such substances as:

Taurine, Emoxipin, - hyaluronic acid.

Perhaps their introduction to the area around the eyeball.

Wounds

Extremely complex corneal injuries, in order to resort to their treatment, must be resorted to surgical intervention, and specifically to the microsurgery of the eye.

Undoubtedly, this operation is performed in a specialized ophthalmological department. In parallel, antibiotic therapy is carried out, systemic treatment Enzymes, local healing therapy (drops).

For the treatment of burns, a microsurgical path is used. Applying enzyme, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial therapyWe get an excellent effect.

When diagnosing partial or complete damage to the cornea, the patient recommends the therapy aimed at minimizing contact with a factor of damage, restoration of tissue integrity, stimulation of the regeneration of partially destroyed cells, and ultimately for measures to prevent infections.

Eye injury therapy is aimed at achieving the following goals:

1. Save the eye, as an organ, restore the location of damaged structures.
2. Save or restore vision.

To eliminate the injury of the eyelids and conjunctivations, surgical treatment is carried out. The seams are filmed in a week or two. If the lacrimal tubules are damaged, they are restored by implanting the tubes that prevent the ingrowth of the tear tubules.

Burns are treated with a long washing with water (if it was a chemical burn). Then carried out conservative treatment. If a burn is modeled or severe, the patient must be in the hospital.

The cornea forms an external transparent layer of the front of the eyeball, its main function is the protection of the pupil. Damage to the cornea occurs quite often. It can be the effects of foreign bodies, chemicals or infectious lesions.

The cornea has a very high sensitivity threshold, therefore, scratches or cuts of the foreign bodies are always painful, the pain is intensified during the blink, since the eyelid hurts the cornea.

This condition is characterized by redness of the eye, enhanced tearing, increased sensitivity of the century, blurred vision.

The cornea has good blood supply and, as a rule, heals quite quickly. But as long as the wound is preserved on it, it is open to infections that can provoke ulcers.

And this is a very serious and painful state. Not to the end, the cured ulcer can progress, up to the onset of blindness.

Damage to the cornea most often occurs during sports activities, in domestic conditions, travel or outdoor walks. Children often wound themselves or others around negligence.

If in the eye foreign body, It is necessary to blink vigorously and repeatedly. If the pain does not enhance, the pillow should make light movements from the outer edge of the century to its inner edge.

To make eyelashes to remove a foreign object from under upper centuryIt should be pulled out and cover the lower eyelid.

The eye can be rinsed with running water if possible.

It is impossible to rub the eyelids after damage to the cornea or try to extract the object stuck in the eye. With any injury, the cornea should have the eyes with antibacterial drops (Tsipromed, Albucid) to avoid the development of inflammation.

These are priorities before the visit to the ophthalmologist.

Treatment of damaged cornea

In case of damage to the cornea, prescribe an antibiotic course in the form of droplets or ointments to prevent the dissemination of infection and the development of secondary infection.

In addition to antibacterial therapy, it uses funds that improve the recovery of the cornea (Taufon, Balarpan), as well as keratoprotectors (corelegel) to protect the cornea while it is damaged.

To the drops did not wash each other and did not reduce the effect of treatment, they are applied alternately, with an interval between the bundles of 15 minutes.

Wear a bandage follows a certain time, which depends on the severity of damage. Sometimes it is put on a day.

The duration of the course of treatment determines the ophthalmologist in each case. With uncomplicated damage, it is 5-7 days.

Eye damage occurs quite often. Such injuries are often very dangerous and bear the threat of blindness, so the treatment should only conduct a specialist. With the injury of the century or if the sick of the eye of the eye, first of all should be treated wound and attach cold.

If the Sorinka just got, you can independently provide first help and clean your eyes. For this you need:

1. pouch upper eyelid To the base.
2. holding the eyelid and holding open eyes, carefully rinse it towards inner corner.
3. if the foreign body is under the lower eyelid, carefully get it with a sterile napkin or a pure handker.

After that, it is necessary to contact the hospital, since even the small sand can cause strong irritation.

Treatment of injuries of the cornea, especially if the foreign body is stuck in it, it is impossible to spend yourself and try to pull out the subject. We need to urgently consult a doctor.

After inkjet washing, the doctor from the eye takes the foreign bodies using a microscope and special tools.

It is impossible to resort to the help of unqualified people and clean the eye cleaning, thus exposing its health at risk. If the rogue wound is shallow (small scratch), absolutely waterproof and does not violate the curvature of the cornea, it is subject to stitching.

If the injury is deep and accompanied by the iris, reconstruction is needed. A poorly stitched cornea will negatively influence the quality of view.

The effects of cornea damage depend on the depths of injury and can lead to complete loss of vision.

Since items could be infected and containing bacteria, often eye drops When injured, the eyes are prescribed with an antibiotic to protect the organ from developing infection in it and prevent infection of healthy.

Also use healing eye ointment. To remove pain syndrome use painkillers.

In erosion of the cornea, that is, shallow light damage, the cure occurs after 48 hours. A little longer the healing process occurs in people, patients diabetes Or with dry eye syndrome.

There is no need to stick the eye with a bandage, but it is worth being observed by a doctor until the wound healing.

In case of damage to the conjunctivations, they resort to surgery in the event that the adjacent edges is not optimal. But usually such a method is not used, but give the wound to independently, using only protective contact lenses and other drugs.

Chemical burns are usually caused by alkalis or acids. In such cases, immediate assistance is needed, since irreversible consequences occur very quickly.

Proponial assistance is as follows: Discover the eye as widely as possible and rinse with flowing water about twenty minutes in the nasal direction so that the chemical removed chemical does not affect the healthy eye.

First Aid when eye injury

Negative impact on the auditorium may cause serious damage. Therefore, it is very important to know what it is possible and what cannot be done when first aid.

What to do is forbidden:

First medical care If the cornea is damaged (eye injury). Upon receipt by a man of crucial injury, you need to cover the eye, as well as the eyelid cloth, plus everything must be fixed using a special dressing.

Not affected eye should be covered, as it is possible to simultaneously move the eyeballs. Then, as soon as possible consult a doctor.

Cool-moistened in cool water bandage is useful if the eye got damage to dumb strikes. Either you can put a cooled object over the dressing.

Flowing water will serve good to a tool Against the chemical burn, when it obtained, quickly rinse the eye with water (it should be a large number), holding the head at the right angle, so that the visual apparatus is at the bottom and water flowed from the nose to the orphanage.

As for the age, they must be spread. In no case cannot independently remove the object from the cavity, even if it is just a wooden chips, especially for any manipulation, when sticking the item to the eyeball.

But it is worth trying to withdraw an item with cotton wand Or something like that, in the case when they are a sorink or cilia.

When I find a stimulus in the lower eyelid, it is worth doing the following actions, pulling away the lower eyelid, wait until something appears. The help of a foreign person is worth resorting if the object is located in the region of the upper eyelid.

It may happen that it is not possible to cope with this task, in this case, it is worth contacting medical intervention in order to immediately get qualified assistance.

If a person has been inflicted eye injury, it is necessary to provide urgent promptual help.

Prevention

Preventive measures In case of injuries visual organ:

• The use of personal protective equipment in harmful and hazardous working conditions.
• Neat use of dangerous items.
• Careful appeal S. chemicals.
• Quality facilities for face and eyes.
• Compliance with the rules of personal hygiene and reception vitamins for eye.

Animals of the organs of vision may have a different character, origin and consequences. Having determined the causal factor and providing first assistance, it is necessary to consult with the doctor. Full-fledged diagnostics will allow to eliminate unwanted complications and determine the type of therapy. Take care of your eyes, and adhere to security measures.

Prevention is fundamental. It consists in the following recommendations:

• prevent injury by compliance with security measures. The use of safety glasses has hundreds of times reduced the number of accidents in production;
• the use of helmets and masks to protect the face during sports - also significantly reduces the likelihood of eye injury;
• caution when watching and shooting fireworks, opening bottles with high pressure And in all situations with a high risk of eye damage.

It is important to understand that the prevention of a situation in which damage to such a kind can occur is much simpler than the subsequent elimination of consequences. Therefore, with any actions of increased risk, you need to maximize yourself with the help of special protective agents.

For various reasons, damage to the corneal of the eye can occur, which requires urgent medical intervention.

The cornea is the shell of the eye that protects it from the negative impact of various factors.

Use the search

If damaged

Minor damage leads to a serious complication.

1. Retinal detachment. With operational intervention, this damage can be prevented.
2. Hemorrhage and displacement of the lens that may worsen the vision of the victim.
3. Combined with damage to the retina, hemorrhage, shifting of the lens. It is necessary to consult a doctor, this is one of the serious diseases that leads to the consequences.

Damage

Damage to the corneal eye occurs when foreign bodies hit (sorts, sand, dust). Damage to this nature ends the resulting scratch on the cornea, which may result in incorrect treatment to additional infection.

• Discomfort,
• Increased tears
• Irritation of the shells accompanied by redness
• Reducing vision, objects seem blurred.

It is enough to get rid of the foreign bodies to treat, rinse, impose an antiseptic bandage. For full recovery of the cornea, time is necessary for 14 days.

First aid

When it is not possible to quickly consult a doctor for treatment (for example, you relax outside the city) - it is worth providing the victim first aid, which is to assess the damage and elimination of its consequences.

If a small amount of sand or dust fell into the eye, then rinse it under warm running water. If you have a first-aid kit at your hands, look in it wearing rinsing drops. Use anti-inflammatory tool.

If a foreign particle hit happened, you can slightly delay the eyelids, try to delete it yourself due to the time closure or to tell eye apple from side to side.

Do not attempt to get an outsider with your hands, it can break away - even more harm. No need to get it with other objects.

How to treat

The doctor finds out what caused damage:

1. Wound.
2. Burn with radioactive or ultraviolet radiation.
3. Foreign body hit.

In the first case, anesthetic drops are prescribed, which have a healing effect, and lidocaine is prescribed to remove painful and unpleasant sensations.

Different gels can be used for quick healing. The main task of the ophthalmologist is to restore the integrity of the tissues.

With a burn, treatment is similar to the usual injury, but with one difference - for healing and rapid recovery Tissues use more gels, not drops.

The foreign body has been removed by surgical pathway, special tools. Assigns antibiotics to avoid complications.

The recovery period ranges from 5 to 15 days (depending on the complexity, on how quickly the victim delivered to the doctor).

Causes and symptoms

Causes of damage:

1. 1. Drying eyes caused by long work at a computer or reading with insufficient illumination.
   2. Influence of radioactive or ultraviolet radiation (Staying in the sun without sunglasses).
   3. Congenital pathology.
   4. Changes in the level of cornea humidity due to insufficient nutrition of organs of vision by all the necessary substances.
   5. Finding a third-party object.

Common manifestations include:

1. Excessive selection of tears.
2. Uncharacteristic sensitivity.
3. Irritation.
4. Blurry picture before your eyes.

Video

Pathology in the child

Children more often fall into this risk group with these diseases, lead an active lifestyle, can spend most of the time on the street.

For example, such serious damage can cause a sufficiently strong impulse of the wind, which delivered small particles of dust, sand or other small objects (fragments) or a cornea may suffer due to the negligence of the baby.

In case of incident, it is necessary to contact the doctor for inspection and appointment of treatment. Inspection passes quickly, an experienced ophthalmologist is capable of finding a problem in less than a minute.

Antibiotics are prescribed for treatment and avoiding the consequences, they are driving them with a course, ointment with healing and analgesic effect.

Child can assign to wear a special eye bandage that makes healing.

It is necessary to wear it constantly - at the time of treatment. It makes it less likely to blink with eyes, which has a positive effect on healing and restoring.

Date: 01.03.2016

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Any damage to the corneal of the eye may have irreversible consequences if you do not apply to the specialists for assistance. Good vision is very important at any age, so it is necessary to protect your eyes from injury and solar radiation, chemical burns and other harmful manifestations.

The cornea not only supports the eye in Tonus, but also refracts the light, so any careless attitude towards it worsens vision, leads to various health problems. Even the smallest cut On the mucous can cause redness and inflammation. Many symptoms of diseases are similar, therefore should not be engaged in self-medication and postpone the campaign to the doctor.

Causes of damage

Causes of damage can be:

• drying eyes (long work at the computer, in the dark or in adverse conditions);
• radioactive, UV radiation;
• congenital disorders;
• metabolic disorder leading to a change in humidity level;
• various infections, especially viral, because even ordinary conjunctivitis carries a threat to the development of complications;
• (The smallest dust or sorink is injured by the mucous membrane, worsen vision, lead to different inflammatory processes), even a normal blow to the eye area can lead to irreversible changes in the cornea.

The cornea injury may be insignificant, but can even lead to retinal detachment. It all depends on the qualified assistance of specialists and timely treatment. Hemorrhage, shifting of the lens, other complications - all this can cause problems. Therefore, any consequences may be more significant than the injury itself at first glance.

When combined injury, not only retinal is possible, but also a lens, fiscame body, vessels. The accurate diagnosis can be supplied using X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography, an inspection of an ophthalmologist.

Light forms are treated outpatient, and with complex injuries, the cornea eye requires stationary treatment and even possible operations.

Back to the category

Symptoms for damage and first aid

The main symptoms are damaged:

• enhanced tear;
• eye sensitivity;
• redness of the eyes;
• blur;
• sand feeling in the eyes;
• headache.

Sometimes there are no specialists nearby, so you need to give the first assistance to the victim. It consists in assessing the defeat and various ways to improve the condition of the victim.

If sand or dust gets, you can wash your eyes with water or frog so that the cornea is washed by a tear. It will slightly improve the state of the epithelium. If a first-aid kit is a first-aid kit, then you can equip a sodium sulphacian solution or other anti-inflammatory agent. Stay for the lower eyelid tetracycline ointment.

If a foreign particle hit occurred, you can slightly pull out the eyelids and try to remove it yourself due to the wrath of the eyelids or to lead the eyeball from the side to the side.

It is impossible to try to pull the particle with your hands, it can break away. Do not rub the eyelids, in no case do not touch the cornea by cotton or other objects.

It is necessary to visit the doctor, because even a small particle can cause severe pain and cause inflammation of the cornea and, as a result, impairment of vision.

Back to the category

Types of damage and treatment

Damage may be such:

• injuries;
• corneal burns;
• foreign bodies.

Depending on the complexity of the problem, only an ophthalmologist is assigned to help assistance. In each case, its list is assigned. medicines And certain manipulations are made.

If there is inflammation of the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe eye, the treatment can be prescribed only a specialist. For example, it can offer an anesthetics to anesthetics to anesthetics during damage, such as lidocaine and dikaine will help pull out the foreign body without problems, and the liner is used for healing and actovegin gel. Since the cornea consists of collagen fibers and epithelium, it is very important to restore the integrity of the tissues.

When there is a penetrating factor, surgery can be carried out. In this case, antibiotic therapy must be connected so that there are no complications.

If you get inside various items, they must be removed in clinical conditions and conduct treatment that includes the restoration of the surface of the cornea and the prevention of infections. A whole range of activities aimed at improving the state may be proposed. This treatment can only be assigned a doctor.

On average, the epithelium can recover in 5-15 days depending on the severity of the lesion, so it all depends on the quality of treatment. Do not tighten the visit to the doctor, pay attention to the symptoms on time. This will help quickly and avoid complications.

The habitated disease can lead to the emergence of ulcers and other problems up to the loss of vision.

Sophisticated eye diseases are treated in the center of microsurgery, where experienced specialists decide how the epithelium recovery will be restored.

Damage the cornea can due to foreign bodies, burn, allergic reaction or erosion. For the injured shell characterized by tearing, photophobia, reflex reduction of the eyelids and redness.

Erosion

Damage to the first epithelial layer of the corneal area is called erosion, which may be caused:

• mechanical damage;
• exposure to foreign bodies;
• wrong leaving for contact lenses;
• burns of different nature;
• improper growth of eyelashes.

In addition, erosion causes dystrophy of the cornea, leading to violation of metabolic processes.

Erosion also arises:

• with allergic conjunctivitis;
• with keratoconjunctivitis;
• with dry eye syndrome;
• with staphylococcal bluffy.

Erosion characterized by a number of signs:

• Pain.Appears as a result of impact on nervous receptors.
• Tear. The larger the damaged area of \u200b\u200bthe cornea, the stronger the tear. If the secondary infection occurs, then the PNI will be released instead of the tears.
• Strong redness of conjunctivawith a large area of \u200b\u200berosion.
• Feeling sand in the eyes and burning. The development of secondary conjunctivitis is possible.

Attention! If erosion arises from the central regions of the cornea, then it is possible to reduce visual acuity.

Experts allocate 2 types of erosion:

1. Traumatic - a consequence of the impact on the organ of vision of foreign bodies.
2. Recurient- arise due to eye diseases or after traumatic erosion.

With the identified problem in time It is well amenable to medication treatment.

Injury

When injuring the eye, all its components suffer: Scler, cornea, retina, vascular tract, lens, speed \u200b\u200bnerve, tear canal.

As a rule, when the stromium swells, the structure of the cornea is destroyed, sometimes erosion is developing.

Contusion of the eye, and as a result of the bruise, accompanied by a number of symptoms:

• Tear. Due to severe mechanical impact on tears Doubles.
• Hemorrhage. Blood accumulation in the eye fold causes humanity.
• The formation of air masses. Air is assembled under the skin in the damage zone.
• Loss of visionfor fractures of bone orbits.

Wound

Ophthalmologists are divided by the injuries of the horny shell on Penetrating and impervious. In the case of the latter, no changes in the layers do not occur. With penetrating injury, corneal layers fall out, moisture appears. Foreign substances are beginning to enter the eye, complications are developing in the form of endophthalmite and panofalmite.

The wound of the corneal region is accompanied by a sharp pain in the eyeball, a decrease in vision almost 100% and leakage of moisture and blood from the eye.

The reason for impenetrable injuries of the horn shell is most often injury branch, spike or sharp object.

Among the causes of penetrating wounds - damage by cutting or stitching objects, bruises, sticks stick, hitting fragments.

Burn

The most common damage to the horny shell. Burns are:

1. Thermal. Arise due to the effect of high temperatures.
2. Radiation. The eye traums the beam of light.
3. Chemical. Burning provokes, which fell into organs of vision, acid or pitch.

The causes of such damage are:

• splashes of fascinated metal and pair, hot liquids and flames;
• sun rays, work with a welding machine;
• detergents and disinfectants.

To date Select 4 degrees of burns:

• At first degreesurface epithelium layers are damaged. It is marked redness and a small edema edema. Such a burn is treated with an outpatient, passes without a trace, does not affect the function of the eye.

• Second degree It is characterized by damage to all the layers of epithelium, deep erosions, bubbles appear on the eyelids.
• For the third degree It is characteristic of clouding the cornea.
• At the fourth stagethe cornea acquires a muddy gray shade, all layers are damaged. Often a muddy lens falls.

Burn passes through 4 stages:

1. Primary and secondary necrosis - 2-3 weeks After injury.
2. Sometimes there are partially reversible processes in the body.
3. Protective inflammatory reaction ( half a year).
4. Scars and dystrophy.

Symptoms When burning a horn shell:

• photophobia;
• tear;
• headache;
• pain in the eyes;
• blefarospasm.

Important!The first symptoms when burning UV rays appear after 8-10 hours.

You will also be interested:

The presence of a foreign body

The foreign body is an object that falls into the eye and injuries.

Finding into an organ of view of foreign bodies (glass fragments, metal, stone, coal) penetrate various depth. They damage the epithelial layer of cornea, promote the development of infection and keratitis.

First aid methods

Upon receipt of injury, you need to consult a doctor. Up to that moment it is worth performing a few simple rules to save vision:

1. Wash hands before proceeding to help.
2. To frog.
3. Do not touch the sick eye with your hands.
4. Rubbat antibacterial drops.
5. Cover the damaged organ of vision with a sterile cloth.
6. With penetrating injury, it is necessary to stop the bleeding first.
7. Do not get out of the eyes of foreign bodies, as this can lead to more serious damage.

Diagnosis of injury

To diagnose an ophthalmologist bursts a special means - fluorescein. This substance stains the area of \u200b\u200bdamage and makes it possible to understand how serious it is.

During the examination the eye is checked With the help of ultrasound equipment or a special mirror. In some cases it can be appointed x-ray.

Treatment

Therapy depends on the nature of damage.

After extracting a foreign body Anti-inflammatory drops, healing drops and ointments are prescribed. To reduce inflammation, drops that expand the pupil. If the injury did not cause complications, then After 1 week All will pass.

In erosion Used painkillers ( Lidocaine), salting ointment ( Salcossuril and Aktovegin), ointment with antibiotics, hyaluronic acid. Treatment flows quickly and without complications.

Photo 1. Packaging and tube of the drug solk sector in the form of a paste for local application, drug weight 5

Burning treat surgically. Healing, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed.

Foreign bodies Delete a tampon. With deeper penetration - a special tool. Assign Emoxipin, Taurin, hyaluronic acid, if necessary, antibacterial agents.

Penetrating injury treat in specialized clinics with the help of operations.In parallel, antibacterial therapy is prescribed.

Possible consequences

In the case of proper first aid and adequate treatment, there is a gradual healing without complications. Otherwise It is possible to develop a number of diseases and pathological conditions:

• sepsis;
• sympathetic inflammation;
• brain abscessess;
• deformation of soft fabrics of the face, etc.

Perhaps development panofalmita- purulent inflammation causing the melting of all the shells of the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe eye, and endophthalmita - Skopping in pus in the cavity of the vitreous body.

Photo eye with damage

Photo 2. Corneal erosion in severe form. With this disease, the degradation of visual functions is possible.

Photo 3. Strong injury cornea eye. There is hemorrhage in proteins and in the corneal region.

Photo 4. penetrating corneal injury. In this case, urgent surgical intervention is necessary.

Useful video

Look at the video file from the transfer of "Live Great", which tells about various corneal injuries.

Conclusion

Eyes cornea injury is pretty serious and dangerous damage. It may occur due to infections, bruises, burns or injuries. Properly rendered first aid, delivery to the hospital and adequate therapy will cure eyes in a short time.

Causes of damage can be:

• drying eyes (long work at the computer, in the dark or in adverse conditions);
• radioactive, UV radiation;
• congenital disorders;
• metabolic disorder leading to a change in humidity level;
• various infections, especially viral, because even ordinary conjunctivitis carries a threat to the development of complications;
• eye injuries (the smallest dust or sorink injury mucous membrane worsen vision, lead to different inflammatory processes), even a regular blow to the eye area can lead to irreversible changes in the cornea.

The cornea injury may be insignificant, but can even lead to retinal detachment. It all depends on the qualified assistance of specialists and timely treatment. Hemorrhage, shifting of the lens, other complications - all this can cause problems. Therefore, any consequences may be more significant than the injury itself at first glance.

In case of combined injury, there are damage not only the retina, but also a lens, a vitreous body, vessels. The accurate diagnosis can be supplied using X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography, an inspection of an ophthalmologist.

Light forms are treated outpatient, and with complex injuries, the cornea eye requires stationary treatment and even possible operations.

Variations of damage

Damage may be such:

• injuries;
• corneal burns;
• foreign bodies.

Depending on the complexity of the problem, only an ophthalmologist is assigned to help assistance. In each case, its list of medicines is assigned and certain manipulations are made.

If there is inflammation of the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe eye, the treatment can be prescribed only a specialist. For example, it can offer an anesthetics to anesthetics to anesthetics during damage, such as lidocaine and dikaine will help pull out the foreign body without problems, and the liner is used for healing and actovegin gel. Since the cornea consists of collagen fibers and epithelium, it is very important to restore the integrity of the tissues.

When there is a penetrating factor, surgery can be carried out. In this case, antibiotic therapy must be connected so that there are no complications.

If you get inside various items, they must be removed in clinical conditions and conduct treatment, which includes the restoration of the corneal surface and the prevention of infections. A whole range of activities aimed at improving the state may be proposed. This treatment can only be assigned a doctor.

On average, the epithelium can recover in 5-15 days depending on the severity of the lesion, so it all depends on the quality of treatment. Do not tighten the visit to the doctor, pay attention to the symptoms on time. This will help quickly restore vision and avoid complications.

https://youtu.be/b9tc17jfcqw.

The habitated disease can lead to the emergence of ulcers and other problems up to the loss of vision.

Sophisticated eye diseases are treated in the center of microsurgery, where experienced specialists decide how the epithelium recovery will be restored.

Burning corneal damage is no less dangerous than injury. They can lead to inflammation of all structures of the eye: conjunctivations, sclera, vessels, etc. This is fraught with severe complications and adverse outcomes, despite the intensive treatment.

Burns are thermal, chemical (acid and alkaline), radiation (damage to ultraviolet, infrared radiation, laser, etc.). With thermal often affects not only eye, but also the skin around it. Chemicals are mainly local. Acidness causes tissue necrosis, which prevents the penetration of acid into deeper layers of the eye. Alkaline, on the contrary, quickly penetrate deep into the eye fabrics and literate internal structures.

The severity of the burn depends on the length and depth of the defeat. Depending on these parameters, 4 harm degrees are distinguished:

• 1 degree. Symptoms: redness and swelling of the eyelids and conjunctivities, light turbidity and erosion of the cornea.
• 2 degree. Bubbles on the skin of the eyelids, the edema of the conjunctiva and the formation of a white film on it, erosion and clouding of the horny shell.
• 3 degree. Omnation of the skin of the eyelids, conjunctiva; Deep cloud of cornea, full of loss of its transparency, infiltration and necrosis.
• 4 degree. Omnation or charging of the skin, muscles, cartilage, necrosis sclera and conjunctiva, deep turbidity and drying of the cornea.

Burns 1 and 2 degrees are considered light, 3 - medium, 4 - heavy. Treatment in each case depends on how expressed symptoms of inflammation.

The burning injury is dangerous to the formation of Luma (white opaque spot) and the development of secondary glaucoma. In severe cases often develops traumatic cataract, the retina and choroid is affected.

Stationary treatment depends on the degree of inflammation:

• Primary necrosis. Washing the damaged area, antibacterial therapy.
• Acute inflammation. Stimulation of metabolism and blood circulation in the tissues; vitamin therapy; disintellation; The use of antioxidants, antino, anti-inflammatory and other means.
• Pronounced trophic disorders and vascularization. Antihypoxic and rehabilitation therapy; Reducing pain syndrome,
• Scarring and late complications. Remaining therapy, desensitization, glucocorticosteroids.

Heavy complications of burns are eliminated surgically. It may be keratoplasty and keratoprotezing.

Wound

With minor injuries, the eye shell is not damaged. However, there is a possibility to apply quite serious wounds, which are accompanied by an expulsion of moisture of the anterior chamber, and sometimes dislocate the lens.

On our seit there is a separate article about the scratches of the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe eye, and the text below is devoted to more serious damage.

When the cornea is injected, the following negative consequences may come:

• dislocation of the leak;
• cataract development;
• the appearance of glaucoma;
• retinal detachment;
• endophthalmite - inflammatory processwhich can lead to a decrease in vision or its complete loss;
• panofalmite is a purulent inflammatory process, when the progression of which the eyes can lose;
• hemophthalm is a disease of the eye body, in which the vascular breaks and blood gets into the glass body.

Fir-grab damage are several types:

• thermal (occur during tissue heating);
• chemical (when exposed to substances such as acid, alkali);
• burns obtained by contact with radiation (ultraviolet, laser, infrared).

Negative consequences of burns include the following:

• the formation of an opaque spot;
• development of glaucoma;
• cataract;
• damage to the retina;
• horiodica defeat (vascular eye shell).

Eye burns are divided into several degrees. The lightest are the burns of 1 and 2 degrees.

1. Symptoms of burns of 1 degrees are: redness and swelling of the eye ages, a slight turbidity of the cornea and her erosion.
2. For burns, 2 degrees are characterized by swelling of the conjunctiva, the appearance of bubbles on the eyelids, the cloudscence of the corneal shell and erosion.
3. Middle are the burns of 3 degrees. The term of the conjunctivation and skin of the eyelid is diagnosed, the cornea is observed, necrosis (irreversible process of cell death) appears.
4. For 4 degrees (heavy) characteristic of the oar of the skin of the eyelids, muscles, cartilage, necrosis, drying the cornea.

Other reasons

Foreign object hit. With direct contact of the horny shell with the outside world, it is possible damage by hitting the cornea of \u200b\u200bthird-party objects (for example, small dust particles, metal chips, chips). Damage can be superficial or deep.

Eye drying can also cause cornea damage.

Symptoms for damage and first aid

The main symptoms are damaged:

• enhanced tear;
• eye sensitivity;
• redness of the eyes;
• blur;
• sand feeling in the eyes;
• headache.

Sometimes there are no specialists nearby, so you need to give the first assistance to the victim. It consists in assessing the defeat and various ways to improve the condition of the victim.

If sand or dust gets, you can wash your eyes with water or frog so that the cornea is washed by a tear. It will slightly improve the state of the epithelium. If a first-aid kit is a first-aid kit, then you can equip a sodium sulphacian solution or other anti-inflammatory agent. Stay for the lower eyelid tetracycline ointment.

If a foreign particle hit occurred, you can slightly pull out the eyelids and try to remove it yourself due to the wrath of the eyelids or to lead the eyeball from the side to the side.

It is impossible to try to pull the particle with your hands, it can break away. Do not rub the eyelids, in no case do not touch the cornea by cotton or other objects.

It is necessary to visit the doctor, because even a small particle can cause severe pain and cause inflammation of the cornea and, as a result, impairment of vision.

Symptoms of damage are:

• severe tear;
• feeling of gravity in the eyes, discomfort;
• the appearance of pain;
• redness of the eyes;
• pellene before his eyes;
• the appearance of headaches (occasionally);
• the appearance of spots on the cornea is possible.

Treatment when damaged corneal eye

When the eye injection injuries should be provided primary prefigure help. To do this, you need to stop antibacterial eye drops. In the conditions of the hospital will already be carried out primary processing of the wound. As a rule, for treatment are assigned medicationshaving a healing effect.

Help with burn

If damage to the corneal occurred as a result of a burn, then the following primary measures need to be carried out:

• rinse your eyes abundantly, use clean water;
• try to eliminate the substance, upon contact with which there is a burn;
• use antibacterial eyebounds.

The doctor's treatment will depend on the degree of the resulting burn:

1. if the victim is the primary necrosis, it will be used for treatment and the use of antibacterial agents;
2. in acute inflammation, work will be carried out on stimulating blood circulation, the use of vitamins, anti-inflammatory and other drugs;
3. in complications, the use of absorption therapy is possible, the use of glucocorticosteroids (substances that inhibit the inflammatory process in the body);
4. with severe complications, surgical intervention is possible (for example, keratoplasty is an operation on the cornea conducted for its recovery).

Help when hitting a foreign body

When damage is associated with the hit of a foreign object, then to begin with, you should try to extract a foreign object (with superficial damage).

Extraction of items that have fallen deeply, in the hospital's conditions. Because only an expert will be able to determine the degree of damage to the cornea and determine the method of treatment (after all, the situation of operational intervention is not excluded).

After removal, anti-inflammatory drugs are appointed from the foresters.

Shallow damage is treated outpatient by corpusing local anesthetics (lidocaine, dikaine), laying salving ointment (eye gels Actovegin and Salcossurle) and ointments with antibiotic, droplets based on natural tears, hyaluronic acid. The defect is pretty quickly epithelized without complications.

The foreign bodies in the surface layers are removed with a cotton swab, lying deeper or extracted by special tools, or left for an indefinite period. The last option is suitable for chemically neutral bodies (plastic, glass), over time they move to surface layers and are easily removed.

Serious complex damage to the cornea in the form of penetrating wounds is treated by microsurgery of the eye in a specialized ophthalmological department. In parallel, antibiotic therapy is carried out, systemic treatment enzymes, local healing therapy (drops).

Burns are treated by microsurgery (excision of damaged tissues), the use of healing, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, enzyme therapy.

If the patient was diagnosed with damage to the corneal of the eye treatment should be directed to the removal of the damaging factor, the restoration of the integrity of the tissues and the stimulation of their further regeneration, as well as the prevention of infections.

Risk groups, prevention

Most often, the defeat of the cornea is in a child, because children play sand, various objects. If the parents do not see inflammation on time, the problem will be treated not seriously, then it is possible to impair vision.

For such work, you should not neglect the means of protection, such as plastic glasses, special protective masks.

Even with various trips, travel or at sports competitions, you can easily obtain inflammation of the mucous membrane by entering small particles of dust or any chemicals, so do not forget about the symptoms of damage.

Do not forget to replenish your first aid kit with special means for prevention, it will help to quickly provide first aid.

But recently, the signs of inflammation of the cornea appear in people whose difficulties would seem to be not related to traumatic factors, these are those who work a lot at the computer. The fact is that with constant stress of the eye, a person is less often blinking, the mucule dries more and an unpleasant redness appears.

Losing vision is easy, and it is quite difficult to restore, so a lot depends on the person himself.

https://youtu.be/br4icscbpns.

Careful attitude towards his eyes, prevention of diseases and safety techniques at work will help you as you can contact your doctors as much as possible.

Risk groups, prevention

Despite the fact that no person is insured against such damage, you can identify the categories of people who are in the risk group of obtaining such damage. To such groups can be attributed:

1. Children, because they mostly in contact with various small objects (for example, games in the sand can damage the eyes by hitting the cornea of \u200b\u200bsandy grains). Of course, it will be difficult to prohibit the child to play (since in part in this way the child knows the world). So to avoid possible complications, parents should carefully follow the condition of their child.
2. People whose work is related to the possibility of getting burns or make small particles in the eyes (for example, work on factories, in furniture workshops). In order to avoid injury, it is worth using all sorts of protection (masks, glasses).
3. People whose work is associated with computers. With long-term pastime behind the monitor, the person's eyes are in constant voltage (therefore, the person is less than blinking), which leads to drying the mucous membrane and redness. With such cases, it is best to use eye drops that contribute to moisturizing the eyes.