The diagnosis "Destruction of a vitreous body" combines different changes in the substance of this element of the eye. As a result of inflammation, damage and some diseases, collagen in the vitreous body is destroyed by forming clouds. The destruction is accompanied by the appearance of flies in sight.

What is the destruction of the vitreous body

The destruction of the vitreous body is the process of violation of the structure of the substance, which fills the space between the retina and the lens. It is characterized by the thickening of the filamentary elements, which leads to turbidity, wrinkling or dilution of the vitreous body.

In a healthy eye, the vitreous body has a transparent and thick consistency with a multitude of fibrils. Thread elements support the skeleton of the eye, but they are very thin. The destruction leads to the thickening of these threads and the turbidity of the vitreous body, which becomes visible when examining the eye. Man begins to see.

Film Destruction Forms:

1. Thinking. This form is often diagnosed in the elderly, patients with atherosclerosis or progressive myopia. To identify threaded destruction examine eyeball Using a slit lamp. It makes it possible to see damaged fibers and threads, as well as an empty space between them.
2. Grain-like. You can only diagnose this form in the course of biomicroscopy of the eye in the presence of different shapes microscopic particles. Grain-like destruction is developing with inflammation of the inner layers of retina.
3. Crystal. A rare form of destruction - accumulation of tyrosine, cholesterol and calcium in a vitreous body.

Increasingly, destruction is diagnosed with schoolchildren. Statistics shows: each second schoolboy has one degree of destruction. Therefore, you need to instill a child's love for hygiene: both personal and hygiene of view. It is important to monitor the position of the child, regulate the degree of lighting and take breaks in the work to give the eyes the time to relax.

Causes of destruction

Destruction due to a change in physical and chemical properties Colloidal gel, develop with local inflammation, injury, retinal detachment, strong myopia. Under myopia, the deformation of the vitreous body is explained by changing the shape of the eye.

Destruction can be diagnosed in a healthy eye. For example, in disruption of metabolism or sclerosis. The destruction of the vitreous body is possible with a strong mechanical exposure: physical pressure provokes the fibers and destruction of the collagen structure. A bunch of damaged fibers are formed. In some cases, hemorrhage begins in a vitreous body, which is accompanied by the appearance and spontaneous disappearance of flies.

See also: What are the reasons, symptoms and treatment.

Changes in the vitreous body can be observed in violation of the organs of the organs that are responsible for the composition of colloids and their mineral equilibrium. This is the liver, kidneys, the gland of the internal secretion. Dysfunction of these organs leads to a change in the colloidal structure and the occurrence of characteristic phenomena (coagulation, precipitation).

In the elderly, the main cause of the deformation of the vitreous body is the processes of aging. In young patients, such violations are noted in violations of intraocular blood circulation, neurocirculatory spasmodic abbreviations of muscles, heart pathologies. Sometimes the reason for the deformation of the vitreous body is the unnatural structure of the cervical and head vessels.

Other reasons for the destruction of the vitreous body:

• diabetes;
• deficiency of vitamins and minerals;
• pregnancy;
• excessive visual loads;
• parkinson's disease;
• acute respiratory diseases.

Signs of the deformation of the vitreous body

The discharge of the vitreous body can be partial or complete. It is believed that a strong discharge is noted in the central part of the vitreous body, and the periphery is less prone to deformation. The liquefaction begins with the formation of voids with liquid and damaged fibers. Wrinkled fibers come off and float in a discharge substance.

Together with the discharge can be formed by heavy and films. They can be thin and dense floating or massive. Often, heavy and films are attached to the eye DNU and provoke new pathological changes.

Clear is considered the most severe form of destruction. It can also be complete or partial. When wrinkling, the volume of the vitreous body decreases, the shape of the eye changes, the vitryoretinal compounds are stretched, which leads to their ruptures and detachment. The tension of the vitryoretinal ligaments provokes the photo, the rosures of the retina, hemorrhage.

Clear can be diagnosed when examining the eye using a microscope. Clinical diagnostic methods in this case are ineffective.

A rare type of destruction - deposition of cholesterol and tyrosine crystals. A large number of deposits appears in a discharged vitreous body. In this case, biomicroscopy shows white balls up to 0.05 mm. When moving the eyeball, the crystals oscillate and overflow.

Diagnostics of the destruction of the vitreous body

Basic methods for diagnosing a vitreous body destruction: biomicroscopy and ophthalmoscopy. It is impossible to postpone the visit to the ophthalmologist in the presence of visual discomfort and flies in sight.

The destruction of the vitreous body is distinguished among the ophthalmic pathologies by the fact that it is difficult to reveal even in the late development phase. In the diagnostic process, the doctor must navigate not only on the results of research, but also on the patient's complaints and history. Differential diagnosis lies in ultrasound examination of the eye and optical coherent tomography.

Additional methods of diagnosis of the destruction of the vitreous body:

• tonometry (measurement of intraocular pressure);
• visiter (definition of visual acuity).

If the symptom of flies is saved for a long time, you can immediately contact the retinologist. This is a narrow-controlled specialist who is engaged in the study and treatment of pathologies of the Eye DNA. The retinologist is present not in every urban clinic, but the services of this specialist provides the majority of the clinic laser correction vision.

Conservative Treatment of Destruction of Glass Body

Destruction processes in the vitreous body are treated with difficulty. Light lumbness and fiber stroma can spontaneously dissolve, but massive turbidity, fibers from connective tissue and deposits of crystals remain in the eye forever.

If the symptom of flies is temporary, some improvements are observed when non-drug treatment. Need to establish correct image Life, stick to the routine of the day, distribute the time of work and rest, do eye massage.

Conservative treatment allows you to weaken the symptoms of degradation, but cannot completely get rid of clouds. When destruction of the vitreous body, nonspecific, symptomatic and absorption methods of treatment are recommended. The patient is discharged by retortoprotectors and angioprotectors, and in severe cases, laser or surgical therapy is recommended.

Now there are few drugs that can remove or prevent the formation of new clouds in the vitreous body. Patients with destruction are prescribed local installation of iodide potassium and a Taufon, inside the resinking drugs (Vesnzim, tramel C) and vascular nootropics. Parabulbarly introduced Emoxipin.

The emergence of floating points in the field of view may cause a depressive state, so some patients recommended the consultations of the psychologist. As a person is constantly trying to get rid of the flies, an excessive load is created on the muscles of the neck. It is necessary to regularly carry out self-massage.

Spectator gymnastics during destruction

A safe method of combating flies is visual gymnastics. The techniques are effective. Simple exercises will help to shift floating flies from sight.

Destruction exercises:

1. Palming. Exercise helps to relax the eyeball. A man sits down at the table and puts his elbows on the table top. It is necessary to close your eyes with the palms so that there is no penetration of light. It is advisable to relax for a while up to 15 minutes.
2. Move view. You need to dramatically displaced the look from left to right and top down. However, before performing this exercise, you need to make sure that the retinal detachment is lack.
3. Turns. You should slowly turn the look from left to right, stopping at the time at the tip of the nose.
4. Rotation with a look clockwise. You need to periodically change the direction.

When exercises, you need to keep track of breathing. It is necessary to do it slowly and evenly. With daily execution of the gymnastics there is a possibility of shifting flies into the periphery of the field of view.

Folk ways to treat destruction

Folk Medicine offers several methods for eliminating turbidity in a vitreous body. It is possible to use warm compresses and honeymills, as well as conducting a special massage.

Compresses with a star are considered the most efficient. The grass is crushed, fold in two bags of flax or cotton and boil a few minutes. After boiling, the compresses are cooled and applied for 15 minutes.

Honey is very popular in the treatment of ophthalmic diseases, but before its use you need to make sure that there is no allergies. To prepare a honey solution you need to add a teaspoon of honey into two spoons of water. It is important to use only natural raw materials.

It is possible to use droplets with honey and aloe. It is necessary to mix a teaspoon of honey and four spoons of aloe juice. The mixture is left for two hours in a darkened place. The remedy burst three times a day of 3 drops.

Additionally, you can carry out the massage of the eyeballs. This will improve intraocular blood circulation and reduce the symptoms of destruction. You can put the eyes on your eyes, wipe with fists, massage forehead, abrupt arcs and edges of the eye.

Surgical treatment of the destruction of the vitreous body

In some cases, complex destruction is carried out with vitreolysis or vitrectomy. Laser and surgical methods of treating destruction are controversial, since it is dangerous to serious complications (retinal detachment, hemorrhage, cataract).

Vitreolysis or laser destruction therapy

Laser treatment of the destruction of the vitreous body is associated with the risk of complications. Therefore, such treatment is carried out only when fast decline vision or increased risk of formation of vitreoretian tracts.

Vitreolysis implies the use of a YAG laser. You need to pass up to 4 procedures, each of which includes 200-600 laser flashes.

The method of vitreolysis is more difficult than other procedures where a similar laser is used, since ophthalmosurgeons have to work with moving objects. The operation is carried out in outpatient conditions under local anesthesia. A goldman lens is installed on the eye, which focuses the laser beam. The operation does not require cutting tissue and does not provoke bleeding.

Complications of vitreolysis:

• an increase in intraocular pressure;
• retinal disinsertion;
• cataract;
• horioidal microhemorgia.

The conclusions of the method include the cloud of media, through which the beam (lens, cornea, moisture of the front chamber), non-disconnection, retinal detachment, or vascular shell, as well as the shift of the lens in the vitreous body. The operation is not carried out at an increased risk of hemorrhage.

Vitrectomy or replacement of a vitreous body

- Extreme measure in the treatment of destruction, since this operation implies the removal of the vitreous body completely. The indication of surgical intervention is the vast cloud of fibers, which greatly reduces visual sharpness.

Vitrectomy is carried out only under general anesthesia. The operation takes 30-90 minutes. After removing the deformed vitreous body, the ophthalmoshurgerg introduces a similar substance (silicone oil, saline, artificial polymer, gas bubble). Vision is restored only a few days after the intervention.

The removal of the vitreous body is a complex operation that is carried out only in the extreme case. Vitrectomy is not prescribed to older patients, since aging processes will continue to influence the state of the vessels.

Complications of Vitrectomy:

• cataract;
• endophthalmite;
• retinal disinsertion;
• hemorrhage;
• the edema of the cornea.

Danger of destruction and forecast

The forecast in the destructive defeat of the vitreous body depends largely on the timeliness of the diagnosis and the fullness of treatment. This pathology requires the intervention of a qualified and experienced ophthalmologist, so you need to pay attention to the level of professionalism of the staff and the equipment of the clinic when choosing a medical institution.

If change is insignificant, the forecast is favorable. As a rule, floating elements are stabilized, but remissions are rare. The main danger of destruction is a violation of vision, which leads to detachment and wrinkling the vitreous body.

Prevention of vitreous body deformation

Specific prevention measures are not developed. The main measure of the prevention of any ophthalmological diseases is a regular visit to the doctor and inspection.

To avoid destruction of the vitreous body, you need to periodically give the eyes of rest. Long visual loads are fraught not only by the pathologies of the vitreous body, but also diseases of the cornea, lens and retina. Every 40 minutes of high visual load need to relax for 10 minutes.

It is important to limit the amount of refined food and alcoholic beverages in the diet. These products negatively affect the state of the eye vessels. In particular, it is necessary to control the state of the organs that are responsible for the formation and functionality of collagen. Since one of the reasons for the deformation of the vitreous body is injury, you need to protect your head and eyes from damage.

Destruction of the vitreous body - dangerous diseasewhich causes a person a strong discomfort. Launched destruction forms are recommended to be treated surgically to avoid ophthalmic complications and depressive deviations against the background of visual discomfort.

The most bulk part of our eye - vitreous body . In an adult, this part is 80% of the size of the eyeball.

Diseases of the vitreous body. Diagnosis and treatment

Diseases of the vitreous body. Diagnosis and treatment

99% of the contents of the vitreous body - water, and the remaining 1% is hyaluronic acid, collagen, carbohydrates and proteins. The framework of this organ consists of fibrils (threaded, muscle fibers), and the vitreous body itself is filled with substance, according to the structure resembling gel. Due to the proteins contained, the vitrogen and mucin, the viscosity of the vitreous body is exceeding the viscosity of water in several tens of times.

Vitreous body On the one hand, it is adjacent to the retina, on the other, it borders with a crystal and flattened part of the ciliary body. The main task of the vitreous body is to preserve the natural shape of the eyeball, holding the structures of the eye in the natural position, this is achieved by the pressure of the substance on the retina and other eye shells. Another organ function is the refraction of light in the eye.

How do cloues appear in the vitreous body?

In the usual state, the vitreous body is always transparent, turbidity arises against the background of various. Some of his fibers become thicker, while others stick together and intertwined among themselves, which creates the effect of "flying flies", "peas", "rings", "flakes", "spiders", "twisted threads" before their eyes.

Diseases of the vitreous body

All diseases of the vitreous body can be divided into congenital diseases (development Anomalies ) I. inflammatory dystrophic processes ( destruction ).

Development Anomalies

Norri's disease - The genetic disease of the vitreous body, in which the lamentation bundle occurs and the tumor appears behind the lens.

In the future, it may arise that leads to complete atrophy of the eye. The child with this pathology from the first months of life is diagnosed not only the complete blindness, but also the defeat of the hearing organs. Many of these children suffer from mental retardation.

Destruction of a vitreous body

Destruction of a vitreous body Arises as a result of turbidity and thickening fibers. Then the vitality of the vitreous body begins, detachment and wrinkling.

Humangery of the vitreous body Developed as a result of gluing fiber fiber body. In the vitreous body, emptiness, collagen and hyaluronic acid are separated from each other, and the vitreous body is divided into a viscous and liquid phase.

Fiberglass detachment It occurs in the development of pathological processes, high and in old age. When birth, the vitreous body is tightly connected to the retina, but with age it begins to peel. Most often it is not dangerous to health. Especially common is such a type of pathology as ZOS - the back detachment of the vitreous body.

Symptoms of detachment:

• "Flying flies" or "cobwebs" before your eyes;
• bright and fast flashes before your eyes;
• the feeling of the curtain before the eyes.

If "floating flies" do not reduce vision, then you do not need to visit an ophthalmologist. After the separation of the vitreous body is over, "flying" should disappear.

Factors leading to the appearance of the destruction of the vitreous body:

• and skull;
• physical overload;
• elderly age;
• high degree ;
• eye fatigue;
• infectious diseases and inflammation caused by them.

Wrusting of the vitreous body - Serious disease characterized by loss of the volume of the vitreous body.

Pathology may appear as a result of an operation or injury. Patients complain about "Lightning" and "Flashing" before your eyes.

After some time, the clouds can be partially or completely distributed or substituted with a connecting cloth. Insufficient elasticity of the connective tissue can lead to a detachment of a vitreous body with subsequent and sharp loss of vision.

Diseases of the vitreous body. Diagnosis and treatment

Diseases of the vitreous body. Diagnosis and treatment

Diseases of the vitreous body. Diagnosis and treatment

Hemophthalm.

Hemophthalm. - Hemorrhage in the vitreous body because of. Hemophthalm is full and partial.

For particular hemophthalm. Blood is filled with 1/3 of the vitreous body. May appear in diabetic lesions, notighted,

What is the destruction of the vitreous body of the eye? This ophthalmic disease in which a person sees various "floating" objects in the form of points, flies, black web and threads. This is due to the thickening of the separate fibers of the vitreous body.

Normally, it is completely transparent, but during destruction loses its homogeneity. Symptoms of destruction are especially clear when a person looks at a bright, homogeneous picture, and can disappear if the surrounding space is poorly illuminated.

Symptoms

The main symptom of destruction is the appearance in the field of vision of the threads, spots, circular particles, inclusions. Many notes that before their eyes as if swimming a web. With raising arterial pressure, harsh change of the position of the head, these objects become clearer. The larger the size of these optical objects - the stronger the destruction is expressed.

Causes of vitreous body

Causes are quite varied. Very often destruction refer to age-related changes - it is diagnosed in a significant part of patients who have reached the age of 60.

Also related to the reasons:

1. Ophthalmic diseases accompanied by inflammatory process:, halazion, barley.
2. Myopia and hyperopia.
3. Increased intraocular pressure.
4. Osteochondrosis of the cervical spine.
5. Cardiovascular diseases.
6. Heart injuries.

The risk group includes people with an abnormal structure of the eyeball. In this case, the destruction may be associated with possible violation blood circulation inside it.

The risk factors include a poor diet with a deficit of useful substances, glides invasion, avitaminosis, intense visual loads, mechanical eye injuries.

Types of Destruction of Glass Body

Destruction is divided into several types:

1. Nichlya. It is characteristic of elderly patients and suffering from myopia. As a result of the discharge of the vitreous body from its fibers, elongated "threads" are formed.
2. Grainy. Occurs primarily with inflammatory eye diseases. The patient sees small particles resembling grain. They may differ slightly in shape and size.
3. Crystal. Different compounds accumulate inside the vitreous body, as a result of which the picture of particles resembling crystals are formed.

With all three forms, the visualization of vision can be occurred, reduced its acute.

Diagnostics

To establish an accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct a study of the eye bottom, the biomicroscopy of the eye - inspection using a professional slit lamp, a visometrium - test of visual acuity.

Pretty informative is ultrasound procedure eyes. It makes it possible to explore the anatomical structure of the eyeball, study the characteristics of the blood flow and the state of the vascular wall.

What is dangerous timely not treated destruction? Over time, the disease will progress, resulting in complications or to the need to remove the vitreous body.

Symptom of "Golden Rain"

The symptom of the golden rain is called a phenomenon when the patient also sees characteristic outbreaks and lightning. When this symptom is detected, it is recommended to turn to the oculist as soon as possible, since it can talk about the beginning. If you do not take action, there is a risk to completely lose sight.

Medical treatment

How to treat the destruction of the vitreous body depends on the degree of progress of the disease and the patient's condition. According to the results of research, the doctor may offer medicia treatment. For this use eye dropsproviding local impact.

During destruction, the following drugs are applied:

1. Wobenzym. It is designed to eliminate inflammatory process. The drug has a resolution effect on collagen fibers and normalizes blood microcirculation. How to treat destruction of vobenzym? It acts effectively with strict adherence to the dosage prescribed by the doctor.
2. Taufon. It stimulates exchange processes In the tissues of the vitreous body. His action is due to vitamin complex As part. Taufon is appointed with low degradation.
3. Tramel With the destruction of the vitreous body also provides a resolution and anti-inflammatory effect.

Treatment of destruction drops are often combined with the reception of drugs inside. The doctor may assign glycine to maintain the blood supply function, and the course of vitamins.

Treatment with folk remedies

Completed the following folk Methods Treatment:

1. Honey drops. It is necessary to mix fresh aloe juice and liquid honey. Aloe must be 4 times more than honey. Mix everything thoroughly. To achieve homogeneous consistency and withstand a few hours in a dark place. Pour into the eyes three times a day for 1 month.
2. Shungite drops with propolis. Propolis acquired in a pharmacy, for several days to insist on shungite water. After fluid, strain, bury in eyes twice a day.
3. Cloves. A teaspoon of dry flowers of carnations pour 50 ml of boiling water, cool. Add a quarter of h. L. Honey and 4 drops of aloe juice. Insstruct the liquid two days, use 2 drops in the morning and in the evening for 30 days.

Before applying treatment with folk remedies, it is worth consulting a doctor.

Massotherapy

Massage of eyeballs helps significantly slow down the pathological process. It is necessary to close the eyes and finger tips to massate upper eyelidsWith this, while cautious pressure on the eyeballs.

Therapeutic massage accelerates Lymph and blood current, which contributes to the speedy resorption of seals inside the vitreous body. The procedure needs to be performed with clean hands, the eyes should be cleaned of cosmetics. This will warp in the infection.

Laser treatment

Specialists have a solution found how to get rid of destruction radically. To do this, resort to vitreolysis - treatment with laser rays. The procedure is carried out using local anesthesia, the patient does not feel any pain. The laser beam splits thickened and glued fibers, thereby eliminating the problem. The operation takes a little time and is carried out outpatient. With a good patient's health, his hospitalization is optional, he can go home on the same day.

The procedure is complicated by the fact that seals in the vitreous body are not fixed, they can move. Therefore, the qualifications of the surgeon and the quality of equipment are of great importance.

Treatment through the operation

Another serious treatment method is Vitrectomy. This is the name of the operation to completely remove the vitreous body. To recommend this method, the doctor must have good reasons. As a rule, it is the destruction of the vitreous body of the eye at the started stage, when the visual acuity decreased significantly and it worsens the patient quality of life.

Vitrectomy is carried out using anesthesia and on average takes 40 minutes. To fill the cavity that is formed after removing the vitreous body, the doctor uses a special transparent gel consisting of hyaluronic acid and collagen. After surgery, complications may develop - before resorting to the vitrectomy, you should make sure that conservative treatment Does not bring results. Also destruction is not operated on in the elderly patients due to the possible weakness of blood vessels.

Possible complications

The most dangerous Exodes of destruction - wrinkling a vitreous body and retinal detachment. The body decreases in size and irritates the retina, provoking its detachment, which progresses and leads to. Therefore, it is so important in time to begin treatment. Warming a vitreous body may also arise due to mechanical injury or launched inflammatory diseases.

Prevention

To minimize the likelihood of destruction of the vitreous body of the eye, it is recommended to comply with certain rules:

1. Periodically undergo planned inspections at the oculist. Based on successful treatment Any disease lies its timely diagnosis. Even in the absence of complaints, the doctor may be degraded by the destruction. early stage.
2. In diagnosed myopia or hyperopia, it is necessary to wear glasses or contact lenses, and a specialist should be selected. You can not independently, blindly choose the glasses for yourself.
3. It is worth mastering a special eye gym. Several simple exercises can easily perform without any problems, being even in the workplace. They consist in simple turns of the eyes in different directions within 5 minutes.
4. People spent a long time at the computer, you need to establish a certain working and recreation mode. It is necessary to periodically reset the stress from the eye muscles.

Do you wear sunglasses in sunny weather?

Destruction of the vitreous body, or myodesopsy is a serious ophthalmic disease. It is characterized by the emergence of the opacity of one of the most important optical structures of the eye, which a person sees like various extraneous objects - threads, "flies", pointed, granular, powdered, nodal or needle-shaped inclusions. They are sometimes called "floating clouds" or "floats". The correct diagnosis is very important for this disease, since such symptoms may accompany other diseases - ophthalmic, neurological, mental. For such pathology as the destruction of the vitreous body, treatment is always complex and specific. In addition, relapses or episodes of incomplete cure often, therefore, violation should be treated very carefully.

Causes of pathological condition

The vitreous body is called a substance, by its structure, resembling gel, filling most of the entire eyeball. It is located in front of the retina and as it supports the lens and the remaining structural elements of the front of the eye. The basis of its composition is water, there are also proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans (carbohydrate-protein structures), including hyaluronic acid. The functions of this optical medium are the formation of a form of the eye, ensuring its preservation, as well as the refraction of the incoming light and the skipping is directly on the retina. In destructive processes, the lighting function is disturbed, which is reflected in the subjective perception of visual incentives by man.

Table. States that may be causes of this pathology.

The destruction of the vitreous body is often the cause or harbinger of pathology much more seriously. If, among all the processes of destruction, the dominant position occupies a change in the consistency of education, first of all, in the direction of the dilution, which usually begins with the central part of education, in the vitreous body can form cavities, fibrous fragments, necrotic masses. Inclusions can be plenized, in the form of screeds or sauke with different densities. All these pathological elements can grow to the bottom of the eye, and this represents a serious problem, because this situation often leads to a rupture or.

There are more and less prognostically favorable options for the destruction of the vitreous body. The most dangerous include the process of partial or total wrinkling. This situation accompanies deformation and reducing the volume of the eyeball. In some cases, the retina and vitreoretinal ligaments can be broken, peeling the vitreous body, hemorrhage occurs.

Another event is to develop events. crystallization of the vitreous bodyIn which freely floating grafts of white bodies appear in the global body gel. Moving, they are able to create a picture similar to shiny rain drops.

Symptomatics

The destruction of the vitreous body is a violation of the structure of individual formation fibers, as a result of which they become thicker and less transparent. Sometimes several fibers grow into one conglomerate, intertwining in the form of octopus, spiders, chromosomes or palm trees. In some cases, the collagen complex disintegrates into two parts - a dense and liquid fraction. In this case, a person in front of the eyes "flashes zipper". This phenomenon is due to nature - reaction spectator nerve On the appearance of an empty space, which should not be normal.

"Rain" appearing before your eyes does not have to be brilliant. Sometimes it acquires a yellowish-gold color. Crystals may have different sizes, forms (points, balls, plates), colors (from whitely yellow to dark brown). These small flies are caused by the appearance of the inclusions of crystallized cholesterol, calcium salts, such elements as magnesium and phosphorus. Such a situation is more characteristic of age-related people with atherosclerosis and dislipidemias, the codes are violated by the exchange of lipids and cholesterol in the body. Often, this condition accompanies sugar diabetes.

Best of all foreign objects in the field of vision differ when viewed on a monophonic clean surface (bright blue sky, snow cover, walls or ceiling of light color without pattern, sheet of paper, monotonous linens) with high-quality lighting. In the event of an insufficient amount of light, oversupply of small parts, a variety of colors a person may not notice the appearance of "" objects before the eyes.

In addition to the presence of extraneous visual images without visual stimuli, there are no other symptoms - the eyes are not hurt, they will not be hushed, they do not bope, the vision is generally not usually reduced. However, the presence of "flies" can be reflected in psychological condition The patient is annoying, angry or scare. It is difficult for people to focus on small details or painstaking work, if objects move or are too bright.

There is a chance to confuse these extraneous objects with the advent of "extra" images that appeared for another reason ("dark spots" after the delay of the gaze on the bright sun, the "sparks from the eye" during crank-brain injury or arterial hypertension). The differential diagnostic signs of objects arising from the destruction of the vitreous body are the following:

• with sufficient lighting, they are always visible, regardless of the overall state of the person, the level of blood pressure or the presence of head injury;
• objects are always the same shape and size, color, can move, but do not disappear and do not appear again.

Conservative treatment

The conservative therapy for the destruction of the vitreous body is shown in cases where there is no vision threat, changes are associated with physiological or age reasons, and extraneous objects before the eyes do not bring significant discomfort to the patient. This type of treatment does not bring complete recovery, but it is capable of slowing the development of the disease, the formation of new "visual interference" and improve the overall condition of a person.

1. Ethylmorphine. It is used in the form of droplets in the conjunctival bag, causes minor swelling and hyperemia, which are a consequence of improved blood circulation in this area.
2. Taurine ("Taufon"). Preparation, improving metabolism.
3. Methyl ethylpyridinol (for example, Emoxipin). This is a means to protect the vascular wall, improving blood circulation. Applied in the form of droplets. Pentoxifylin ("Trental"), Dipyridamol ("Kuraltil") can be used inside.
4. Statins, Fibrats ("Atorvastatin", "Rosavastatin", "Simvastatin", etc.). Applied in atherosclerosis, violation of lipid metabolism.
5. Vitamins. Vitamins of group B, as well as vitamin A (Retinol) and Vitamin C.

Widespread folk recipesHowever, they do not have an evidential base for neither efficiency or safety, so it is not recommended to use them.

In the event that conservative treatment is ineffective or initially the situation does not allow the use of medicinal methods of therapy, the operational methods of correction of the fibrous body destruction are applied - laser intervention or operational vitrectomy (removal of the vitreous body and replacing it with artificial).

Laser Vitreolysis

With the help of a laser beam of spraction, spikes, heavy or crystals are split into smaller objects that are not able to prevent vision.

For the first time, Frank Witreolysis spoke to the laser vitreolysis, the author of several large research on cataract and laser treatment of the pathology of the vitreous body. Today this technique uses many ophthalmologic clinicsBecause for your story, covering not Dean dozen years, she confirmed its effectiveness and security.

Vitreolysis is made using a special YAG technology laser. It is very important to accurately focus the laser beam, the maximum allowable oscillation is no more than 6 microns. The frequency of the laser should be from 200 to 600 outbreaks. Typically, the cure takes 1-2 procedures, but can delay up to 4.

Considering that the pathological inclusions in the vitreous body are often mobile, the complexity of the procedure increases several times in contrast to the dissection of the iris or splitting the rear capsule of the lens used during cataract. Therefore, the procedure is carried out only in the case when there is a risk of complications, for example, retinal detachment, destruction reduces patient's life or view of the patient's life.

However, despite the complexity, the vitreolysis is an outpatient procedure, in most cases. Only local anesthesia (drip anesthesia) applies, which does not load the heart muscle, vascular structures, liver, kidney and other organs.

First of all, the patient receives atropine or the substances similar to it as a drop for the eyes: it expands the pupil and relaxes the ciliary muscle. Then a special lens is placed on the eyeball, which allows focusing the laser beam strictly on the necessary section of the vitreous body.

No inclresses are meant, therefore there is no possibility of bleeding. In addition, there are no procedures painfulness, only the feeling of the presence of lenses in the eyes.

Contraindications for Vitreolyasing:

• violation of the transparency of any optical environment (cataract, edema, corneal velocity);
• the situation when the lens is introduced into the vitreous body;
• impaired hemostasis (blood coagulation system, i.e. increased risk of bleeding);
• retinal detachment.

Video: Laser treatment of vitreous body destruction

Complications of the procedure

Among unwanted consequences Registered:

• raising the level of pressure inside the eye chambers;
• microcracy in the vascular shell;
• violation of retinal fit;
• development

However, the benefits of the procedure significantly exceeds the risks of the development of complications.

If it is impossible to conduct laser correction, microinvasive vitrectomy can be carried out.

Minimally invasive vitrectomy

This is an operational way to correct the destruction of the vitreous body, at which part of the vitreous body is extracted or all formation is completely. The main indication for this procedure is the retinal detachment, because such a method is solved at once several tasks:

• the need to work in the rear sections of the eye;
• stop bleeding;
• retinal detachment correction;
• extracting a vitreous body or its part;
• replacing remote formation by an artificial prosthesis with a certain number of characteristics.

The prosthesis that the vitreous body is replaced must meet the specific list of requirements:

• absolute transparency;
• strictly specific viscosity indicator;
• hypoallergenicity;
• complete lack of toxicity.

Removing the vitreous body can be complete (total) or partial (subtotal). When conducting a procedure, perforation (violation of integrity) of the media is minimal, therefore the danger of bleeding or the development of complications is low.

For the operational intervention of the patient is usually hospitalized to the hospital, but in some cases the operation is performed in the outpatient conditions. Anesthesia is preferable to local, but in certain situations it may be necessary to combine anesthesia. A needle surgeon is an extremely small diameter produces several punctures, removes the vitreous body or part of it, and then conducts intervention on the retina - causing it with a laser beam, and then restoring the integrity of the structures and strengthening. The operation usually does not take more than 3 hours.

Video: Vercectomy. Last chance when destruction of a vitreous body

Rehabilitation after the treatment may require from several days to several weeks. It depends on the volume of work carried out, the type of a glassy body, as well as in what state is the retina of the eye.

Thus, destructive changes in the vitreous body today can be cured in various ways, both conservative and operational. An important task is the earlier appeal to the doctor. Early and correct diagnostics, as well as competently selected treatment tactics. If everything is done correctly, the probability of restoration, preservation of vision in full and the lack of relapses is very high.

Quite often at the reception at the ophthalmologist, patients complain about the appearance in the eyes of shimmer points, outbreaks that arise during the movement of the eyeball.

Such visual effects appear at different ages. Usually they are especially noticeable with bright daylight or when looking at white items.

Sometimes the number of flies decreases or they disappear at all. But when this does not occur, and the symptoms only progress, it is very important to establish their true cause.

In some cases, they indicate serious diseases organs of vision. One of these common diseases is the destruction of the vitreous body.

What it is

Destruction of the vitreous body is a change in the structure of a vitreous body, accompanied by clouding and impaired functions. Symptoms appear already at an early stage of the disease, and with the help special treatment Its progression can be stopped.

Brief description of the disease

The vitreous body is a gel-like substance, fully filling the space between the lens and the retina. It consists of several main components:

• water;
• hyaluronic acid;
• proteoglycans;
• collagen.

It is collagen and hyaluronic acid that make a glassy body thick and resembling gel structure.

The vitreous body is absolutely healthy man Transparent and colorless. This makes it a special structure of molecules of those substances from which it consists.

Due to some diseases, the properties of molecules are changing, and they disintegrate into smaller particles.

In this case, not only the structure of the vitreous body changes, but also decreases its size. As a result, the vitreous body is filled with turbid opaque formations, which are products of decay of cholesterol and proteins.

The shadow is projected onto the retina, forcing the human eye to see them as points or shimmering lightning.

Prevalence and significance

The destruction of the vitreous body is common pathology, which is found in almost 70% of middle-aged people, applying for ophthalmic help.

Most often with diseases facing people aged 40-65 years. Women are sick more often than men, but the causes of such a correlation of morbidity with the floor are not installed.

In recent years, there has been a tendency to reduce the average age of manifestation of the DST: more and more children and young people suffer from this ailment.

Risk factors

For some groups of persons, the risk to get the destruction of the vitreous body is higher than the average in the population. Here are the main categories of people subject to DST:

• people over 40 years old;
• female female;
• patients with high degree myopia;
• people whose work is associated with high eye loads or exposure to harmful substances;
• pregnant and nursing women;
• people suffering from all kinds of chronic diseases.

The reasons

It is known a huge number of reasons that cause the destruction of the vitreous body. In most cases, the DST is developing under the influence of several reasons at once. Causes are usually divided into physiological and pathological. Physiological include:

• age degenerative changes;
• changes in hormonal backgrounds associated with natural states (pregnancy, puberty, lactation);
• high physical or psychological loads;
• insufficient nutrition that caused a shortage of vitamins and trace elements.

The following reasons are considered pathological.

Views

Several varieties of the destruction of the vitreous body are distinguished:

1. Nichtage destruction. With this form of the disease in a vitreous body, under the hardware examination, oblong fibers are found, located at a low condition from each other. This form usually arises in individuals suffering from vascular and metabolic disorders, myopia, as well as in people in old age. The degree of the disease can vary from easy to extremely severe.
2. Grainy destruction. In this case, when viewed by a slit lamp, rounded particles are found, reminiscent of fine suspension. The suspension consists of pigment cells, protein bases and leukocytes. Most susceptible to this form DST patients diabetes and chronic eye infectious diseases.
3. Crystal destruction. This form is the rare. With a microscopic examination, particles are found in shape resembling crystals. Calcium, magnesium and cholesterol decomposition products accumulate in the vitreous body.

Symptoms and methods of diagnosis

The destruction of the vitreous body is not difficult to suspect the patient's complaints. As mentioned above, the main symptom, disturbing patients, is the emergence of various visual effects that resemble the flickering of "flies".

Such a symptom is characteristic of tens of other diseases, but some signs are forced to suspect exactly the destruction of the vitreous body:

• visual effects are kept constantly;
• "Flies" do not change their forms and sizes;
• "Flies" are noticeable only when the patient is in bright natural lighting or looks at white items.

According to the degree of severity of symptoms, one can judge the severity of the disease. The stronger the manifestations, particles flashing in the eyes are noticeably, the hardest defeat of the vitreous body.

It is very important not to ignore these symptoms, since without proper therapy, the DST can lead to a detachment of the vitreous body and irreversible loss of vision.

In addition to the collection of anamnesis, hardware techniques are used to form an accurate diagnosis of doctors. Most often apply:

• ophthalmoscopy;
• inspection in the slit lamp;
• automated check of visual acuity.

To compile a complete picture of the disease, the patient is invited to pass the inspection of the neurologist, therapist, endocrinologist and rheumatologist.

Treatment

Unfortunately, in most clinical situations, none of the current treatments currently have sufficient effect. In some cases, the situation is allowed independent without any intervention, but most often the violations in the work of the vitreous body remain for life.

The question of the need for treatment should be solved individually for each patient, taking into account the severity of manifestations and forms of DST. Radical and specific ways to restore the structure of the vitreous body does not exist. All methods of treatment are aimed at eliminating the causes that caused DST and on the removal of unpleasant symptoms.

Medicia treatment

When destruction of the vitreous body, the following drugs are prescribed:

Surgery

Surgical treatment methods should be used with great caution and only if the alleged benefits exceeds the risk. This is due to the high probability of developing heavy postoperative complications In patients with DST. Operations are contraindicated in patients over 65 years due to progressive age-related changes.

The following types of operations are held:

• vitreolysis ( laser operation, providing for the destruction of muddy particles in a vitreous body);
• vitrectomy (removal of the natural vitreous body and its full replacement for the implant).

Folk treatments

Alternative medicine proposes to treat the destruction of the vitreous body by instilcing homemade droplets into the eyes. For the manufacture of such drops use:

• honey and water;
• honey and aloe juice;
• propolis.

Folk treatments should be used with caution, since sometimes they can only aggravate the situation.

Prevention

There are no specific measures for the prevention of DST, but experts advise:

• strengthen the body;
• news healthy image life;
• eat right;
• reduce eye loads;
• in time to treat ophthalmic diseases.

Forecast

In most cases, the prognosis is favorable and the disease is allowed independently. In some cases, the structure of the vitreous body is restored by various methods Treatment. At about 10% of cases, DST is not amenable to treatment, remains with the patient until the end of life and leads to a significant decrease in vision.

RESULTS

1. The destruction of the vitreous body is one of the most commonly encountered ophthalmic diseases.
2. It is mainly developing in people over 40 years old.
3. DST can develop due to a large number of reasons.
4. The forecast in most cases is favorable.

Video

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