C-peptide below the norm - what does this mean? The C-peptide is an important component of the protein of the proinsulin, which serves as a clutch between alpha and beta links in complex protein compounds of organic type. All this is only part of a large process - the formation of insulin molecules. All actions occur in the pancreas, so the problems with it are judged primarily in terms of the compounds produced by it, including C-peptides. What can mean the fact that the development of the substances under consideration is rejected from the usual level?

When the content check is assigned from peptides

Those who do not consider insulin a particularly important compound in the body are very mistaken, since it is precisely it provides due exchange of substances between cells and tissues.

Changing the quantitative characteristics of the binder component to a larger or smaller side signals a violation in the exchange processes or indicates the presence of foreign insulin in the body, which happens in insulin therapy.

Statistics show that in medical practice there are infremely cases in which the analysis of their own insulin is appointed.

However, for these activities, there are testimonies that are as follows:

1. When the patient passes the active stage of treatment of specific diseases by recombinant (obtained artificial way) Insulin.
2. If, after receiving glucose-containing food, the concentration from the peptide in the blood is too large. In itself, an increase in the binder after eating is not a deviation, but a normal manifestation. However, when the change in the protein content is beyond the framework of the nominal values, the doctors cause some suspicions.
3. Special analysis on insulin is prescribed also because the usual study of blood is not able to accurately determine the content of the contents of the proteins under consideration. As a rule, with this approach with the peptide it turns out to be lowered.
4. In pathologies characterized by a sharp decrease in insulin protein. A bright example is the type of type 1 diabetes.

The above indications make it clear that in order to determine the concentration of insulin structures in the blood, it is reasonable and more efficient to rely on the main protein, but on its binding element.

Why the peptide is below the norm

The immunohemialyuminescent method is able to recognize the deviation of the number of insulin structures from normal values At a smaller side with a sufficiently large set of diseases. All of them unites the overall picture of the consequences. It is quite clear that the lack of a squirrel responsible for the energy exchange will provoke the impossibility of normal absorption of glucose. Such a manifestation is called hyperglycemia. In turn, the presence of hyperglycemia allows you to judge such a disease like diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes of the first type is the main, but far from the only factor in lowering the level of C-peptides.

If you take into account the remaining reasons, then you should stay on the following manifestations:

• alcohol abuse. Alcohol contains glucose, so with each of its use, the ratio between peptide compounds and glucose will be less than the norm;
• hypoglycemia resulting from the introduction of artificial insulin with diabetes patient. In this case, the study of the level with peptides will also show their disadvantage;
• surgical removal of part of the pancreas. In this case, the overall decrease in protein compounds will be observed due to the low activity of the synthesizing ability of the pancreas.

And yet, when the C-peptide is lower than the norm, the fact that it means, it is not necessary to think most often, since in the first place the reasons for lowering the binder protein costs sugar diabetes.

This ailment launches the process of destruction of the cells of the tissue of the pancreas by the cells of their own immunity. In fact, all the action has an autoimmune nature of the occurrence. As in the case of partial removal of the gland, there is a decrease in the activity of natural insulin production. Therefore, the concentration of C-peptide is also low in this case.

It is noteworthy that all: and men, women, and children are sick diabetes mellitus. Moreover, this disease occurs in people until 30 years.

Sugar diabetes 2th type

With the first everything is clear: the analysis on the C-peptides will give the most accurate information about the number of insulin, which will help to quickly determine the treatment strategy. If the child is sick diabetes, you should seriously consider the issue of confirmation of the diagnosis in order to avoid possible complications.

The diabetes of the second group has almost the same principle of operation, as in the first case. Only the mechanism with which the alert affects insulin and C-peptides, somewhat different.

The disease dults tissue sensitivity to the energy protein, which is badly affected by the synthesis of the protein itself and the binding components.

In this case, an excess of C-peptide in the total cell number of cells can be clearly observed, however, with respect to the sugar content, the analysis will say that binding proteins is not enough.

Thus, it is necessary to remember that if peptide proteins in a special analysis below the norm, then there is a reason for excitement, as a diabetes of the first species is possible. It is also worth looking at insulin indicator. When he is overwhelmed, there is a possibility that the entire diabetes of the second type, which is also not good.

Among the list of analyzes for people patients with diabetes or having a predisposition, A mansion is worth determining the level of a substance C-peptide The norm of which can be higher or lower than the standard. The doctor, having received the result of the analysis of blood on the C-peptide, can coordinate therapy for diabetics, taking into account the current state of health.

What is a s-peptide? What values \u200b\u200bis the norm, and what makes the doctor make quick decisions to help the patient? Why is the level of this peptide important and what connection does insulin support with hormone? Details in the article.

Characteristics of the substance and its effect on the human body

In a healthy body, there is a mass of chemical reactions every second, which allow all systems to work simply. Each cell is the system link. Normally, the cell is constantly updated and a special resource is required for this - protein. The lower the level of the protein, the slower the body works.

C-peptide - this substance is included in the chain of events in the synthesis of natural insulin, which produces pancreas in special cells designated as beta cells. Translated from the English abbreviation "Connecting Peptide" a substance is called "connecting or binding peptide" because it binds the remaining molecules of the substance of the epsulin.

What a role is determined by a s-peptide and why it is so important, is its content or an imbalance of it normally:

• In the pancreas, insulin is not stored in its pure form. Seaned in a starting basis, hereinafter referred to as the preproinsulin, which includes a C-peptide in conjunction with other types of peptides (A, L, B).
• Under the influence of special substances from the preproynsulin, the peptide of the group L of group is separated and the basis of the prosecuted. But this substance has not yet been relevant to a hormone controlling blood glucose level.
• Normally, when the signal is received, the blood tests are increased in the blood, a new chemical reaction is launched, at which from the chemical chain proinsulin S-peptide is separated. Two substances are formed: insulin, consisting of peptides A, B and peptide of the S.

• Through special channels both substances (With peptide and insulin) Enter blood and move on an individual route. Insulin enters the liver and passes the first stage of transformation. Part gormon. Batter is accumulated, and the other enters systemic bloodstream and transformed to cells that cannot function normally without insulin. Normally, the role of insulin is the conversion of sugar in glucose and transporting it inside the cells to give cells nutrition and energy to the body.
• C-peptide is freely moving along the vascular channel with blood flow. It has already performed its function and can be disposed of system. Normally, the entire process takes no more than 20 minutes, is disposed of through the kidneys. In addition to the synthesis of insulin, the C-peptide has no other functions if the beta cells of the pancreas in the normal state.

With cleavage C-peptide From the simul chain, the same amount of protein substance C-peptide and hormone insulin is formed. But, while in the blood, these substances have different transformation speed, that is, decay.

With laboratory studies, it was proved that under normal conditions, the C-peptide was found in the blood of a person for 20 minutes from the date of entering the bed, and the hormone insulin after 4 minutes reaches the zero.

With the normal operation of the body, the content of the C-peptide in venous blood flow is stable. It cannot be influenced by neither insulin introduced into the body from outside nor antibodies that reduce cell resistance to hormone nor autoimmune cells distorting the normal operation of the pancreas.

Based on this fact, doctors and evaluate the state of people patients with diabetes or having a predisposition. In addition, other pathologies in the pancreas, liver or kidneys are detected according to the level of C-peptide or level imbalance.

Actual analysis on the C-peptide and its norm when diagnosing sugar diabetes in children preschool age And adolescents, because this pathology is found quite often due to child and teenage obesity.

Different parameters of the substance of the substance C-peptide

For men and women there is no special distinction on the norm of the C-peptide. If the body works in normal mode, the level of peptide C must comply with the values \u200b\u200bin the table that are taken as the basis of laboratories:

The table shows different units of measurement of the C-peptide norm, because different laboratories for studying analyzes take their markings as a basis.

In children there is no single C-peptide rate, because when the blood test analysis is an ondesk, the results can give low values \u200b\u200bdue to the fact that the C-peptide enters the blood only in the presence of glucose. And the empty stomach in the blood can not do a C-peptide nor a hormone insulin. In relation to children, only the doctor decides which C-peptide indicators should be attributed to the norm, and what is considered a deviation from the norm.

The patient can independently understand whether the C-peptide normally receives the results of the study. Each laboratory on the form prescribes the boundaries of the norm in specific units of measurement. If the result is lower or higher than the C-peptide rate, then you should seek the cause of the imbalance and take measures to normalize, if possible.

What is the C-peptide indicator

In medical practice, the analysis on the C-peptide is appointed not to all patients who came to the doctor. There is a special category of patients - these are diabetics 1 or 2 types or people having symptoms, but do not know about the disease. Based on the fact that the C-peptide and insulin are synthesized by the pancreas in equal proportions, and the peptide is preserved in the blood longer than insulin, if it can be understood whether there is no imbalance in the quantitative content of the insulin hormone.

If a C-peptide is detected in the blood, then natural insulin is also synthesized by the pancreas. But deviations from the generally accepted norm indicate a certain pathology, which the endocrinologist must determine. What does the deviation say from the norm of peptide indicators?

When decreasing the level of C-peptide, you can assume

• Pancreas synthesize hormone insulin in insufficient quantity And there is a threat to the development of type 1 sugar diabetes (C-peptide below normal).
• If the disease has already been diagnosed earlier, then a sharp decrease in the C-peptide relative to the norm specifies to the extinction of the synthesis of natural insulin. Beta cells lose their function and can completely fade, then there is little C-peptide in the blood.

The doctor adjusts the insulin dosage that Diabetic gets from the outside. If the level of C-peptide below the norm occurs hypoglycemia under therapy exogenous (incoming outside) insulin of type 1 diabetes mellitus. This is due to improper dosage of artificial insulin or during a strong stress, which caused such a reaction of the body.

With raising the level of C-peptide relative to the norm

There is an assumption that the patient has insulin content is exceeded, that is, cells do not respond to this hormone and sugar cannot be transformed into a normal form for the body. The s-peptide imbalance testifies to various pathologies:

• Type 2 diabetes (C-peptide above the norm).
• Hypertrophy of beta cells, synthesizing insulin and C-peptide.
• Tumor in the pancreas (insulin) - Increased insulin secretion is underway, because pathology has occurred in the iron of the internal secretion, which should produce a hormone and a C-peptide at a signal of sugar flow into the blood, and not chaotic.
• Pathology of kidneys, more precisely, their insufficiency. Normally, the C-peptide is disposed of precisely through the kidneys, but in the failures of this body, the utilization of a C-peptide is in violation.

Sometimes an increase in the C-peptide relative to the norm arises due to drug intake, which are prescribed to the patient for the treatment of a certain disease, for example, diabetes mellitus.

In which cases, the S-peptide content examination is shown

The blood test for the content of the C-peptide discharges only a doctor leading a patient examination with signs of diabetes.

The following points are for the examination:

1. Doubts about diagnosing the type of diabetes (C-peptide below the norm is 1 type, C-peptide above the norm - 2 type).
2. Is there any need to translate diabetics to insulin therapy due to insufficiency of the hormone synthesis of the pancreas.
3. When infertility in a woman, if the cause is the ovarian polycystosis.
4. In case of insulin sugar diabetes (C-peptide indicators in this case below the norm).
5. After surgical intervention in the pancreas due to its deformation or tumor detection.
6. With frequent attacks of hypoglycemia, the C-peptide indicators relative to the norm indicate the cause of low sugar.
7. Renal failure.
8. When diagnosing pathologies in the liver.
9. To monitor the state of the fetus in gestational diabetes mellitus. In this case, the indicators of the C-peptide rate determines the doctor individually and compares the result - exceeds the amount of C-peptide normal or C-peptide less than the norm.
10. In diabetics that consume alcohol, the C-peptide is usually below the norm. The deviation from the norm (reduction) is fixed in patients who, who are prescribed insulin on an ongoing basis.

The reason for the analysis for the compliance of the C-peptide of the norm or not is the complaints of a patient for severe thirst, a sharp increase in weight and an increase in urine volume (frequent campaigns to the toilet). These are symptoms of diabetes mellitus, the type of which is determined by the rate of peptide in the blood.

The endocrinologist must monitor in patients with diagnosis of diabetes to evaluate the effectiveness of the prescribed treatment and prevent development chronic formWhen the pancreas function in insulin synthesis is lost.

But the likelihood is that hormonal therapy helped to intensify the work of beta cells and the level of natural insulin is approaching the norm, as the level of the C-peptide levels. Then the patient has a chance to complete the abolition of hormone injection and the transition to treatment only with the observance of the diet.

How blood test is performed on the C-peptide

Normally, the content of the C-peptide in the body or not You can only find out only on the analysis of blood, which is made in the morning on an empty stomach. The fence of the biomaterial to determine the norm or not the C-peptide rate is carried out from Vienna.

The last meal must be no more than 6-8 hours before the delivery of the biomaterial into the Laboratory on the C-peptide. If the patient takes medicines that can distort the C-peptide indicators even with normal synthesis of hormone, they need to be canceled for 2-3 days before the S-peptide examination.

In some cases, the analysis for compliance with the C-peptide of the norm or its imbalance is applied by the second method of the survey - with the help of a stimulating test. The patient is introduced a hormone glucagon and a test for glucose tolerance is made..

For a more accurate result in the level of C-peptide in the blood use two diagnostic methods at once and compare numbers, comparing them with the norm of the C-peptide healthy man. The results of C-peptide analyzes are understandable not only to the doctor, but also a patient, because in the form of any laboratory the range of normal C-peptide values \u200b\u200bis written. But the treatment with the rejection of the level of C-peptide from the norm can only be assigned a doctor. For simple man, regardless of that below the C-peptide rate or above, it is only an alarming bell that in the body of an imbalance.

The following circumstances can distort the results of analysis on the C-peptide:

• Smoking. The latter cigarette must be buried no later than 3 hours before the blood fence. The neglect of recommendations can lead to a decrease in the level of C-peptide, although it will be normal.
• Alcoholreduces the level of C-peptide. The doctor may assume pathology in the pancreas, although its functionality is normal.
• Any physical, emotional load Before analysis, it is excluded that the normal level of C-peptide does not turn on the form in low or high C-peptide numbers relative to the norm.

Finally

So, I have understood what C-peptide is and what the role of a C-peptide in the body, questions about the need for laboratory research on the level of the C-peptide, it should not occur, especially in diabetics. The level of C-peptide is important for normal treatment and monitoring the effectiveness of therapy.

But to learn about whether a woman or a man or a man is normal, not only an endocrinologist, but also other specialists, assuming a patient in the body in the body.

To assess the work of the pancreas in the formation of insulin, an analysis of the C-peptide is carried out. It also helps to determine the type of diabetes mellitus: reduced at the first and elevated (normally) during the second. Also, changes in indicators can be detected in hormonally active tumors. About when and how to hand over the analysis on the C-peptide, read further in our article.

In the pancreas (island part) precursors are formed. Initially, 4 protein fragments are synthesized - peptides A, B, C, L. The latter is immediately separated from the preproinsulin, and the peptide is intended for compound A and in the circles of the epsulin. When a hormone is "prepared" to the bottom of the blood, the enzymes are removed from it by the connecting fragment of C. The remaining proteins A and B is active insulin.

Thus, the level of C-peptide is completely equal to the entire formed insulin. It is not subject to further absorption and fracture of the liver, like insulin. All the amount of protein passes unchanged into the kidneys, then outlined with urine. The period of finding a C-peptide in the blood is about 30 minutes, while insulin in it circulates approximately 5-6.

Due to such properties, the definition of the C-peptide more accurately reflects the pancreas for the formation of insulin. The analysis is applied in the diagnosis of causes of violations of carbohydrate metabolism. In diabetes type 1, due to the destruction of the functioning tissue, autoimmune complexes, the formation of insulin and C-peptide falls.

• patient replanted pancreas or its island part, you need to evaluate their work, tissue observer;
• in type 2 diabetes, there is a need to add to the treatment of insulin, which may be due to the depletion of the pancreas reserve;
• on the initial stage The type 1 diabetes after the first month of insulin administration has improved ("honeymoon") and the question of reducing the dose of the hormone is resolved;
• with severe liver disease, it is necessary to determine the formation of insulin and the rate of its destruction by the hepatic cloth;
• it is necessary to estimate the severity of the detected insulin-dependent variant (1 type) of the disease;
• there is a suspicion of a tumor generating somatotropin (), which prevents the operation of insulin.

C-peptide is usually determined in combination with blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin and antibodies to it.

How to hand over

Blood blood serves material for analysis. She is handed over 10 hours of break in food intake. A day before the diagnosis, it is important to avoid taking alcohol, severe physical or stress loads. In mandatory procedure should be coordinated with the endocrinologist:

• insulin administration time;
• the possibility of using hormonal drugs;
• reception of other medicines affecting the level of insulin synthesis.

In the morning you can drink ordinary water. Smoking and sports, emotional loads are contraindicated.

To determine the C-peptide can be used miscellaneous methods (Immuno-immunimal and radioimmune), as well as unequal reagents. Therefore, if necessary, it should be re-diagnosed in the same laboratory, where the first was carried out. Typically, the results of blood research are ready the next day, but an emergency analysis is possible.

Deciphering indicators of the peptide

Norma in analysis

For a normal range of indicators, an interval is received from 255 to 1730 pmol / l. To physiological (without diseases) reasons for deviations include:

• meals;
• use of pills with hormones, to reduce sugar;
• , prednisolone and its analogues.

Sugar diabetes

With the first type of s-peptide disease below the norm. This is due to a decrease in the number of operating cells of Langerhans islets. The same changes may be caused:

• removal of part of the pancreas;
• insulin overdose and the drop of blood glucose;
• the depletion of the pancreas with a long flow of 2 of the type of disease or the formation of antibodies to insulin receptors in tissues;
• stressful state;
• alcohol poisoning.

We recommend reading an article about. From it you will learn about what latent autoimmune diabetes, differences in autoimmune diabetes 1 and 2 types, symptoms of pathology in adults, as well as the diagnosis of disease and treatment.

And more about the treatment of diabetes of the first type.

C-peptide is an insulin formation. The analysis of its blood level helps to make a diagnosis of type of diabetes - reduced at the first and elevated (normally) during the second. The study is also used in suspected tumor with hormonal activity, attacks of blood sugar. Special preparation is not required, it is important to exclude the influence of food and reception of medicines.

Useful video

Watch on video about diabetes:

C-peptide is literally translated from of English language As connecting peptide. It is an indicator of the secretion of his own or endogenous insulin, and shows the functionality of the beta cells of the pancreas, which produce proinsulin.

Proinsulin is necessary for a full-fledged human life, because it contributes to the development of insulin. The synthesis of this hormone is a multi-stage process, which occurs at the cellular level of the pancreas.

His final stage implies the bundle of biological inactive proinsulin into two elements - C-peptide and insulin.

Hormone Analysis: Features

The value of the hormone in the human body is difficult to underestimate. It is assumed that it is a central substance that takes an active part in carbohydrate and energy exchange.

Nevertheless, the analysis for this hormone is recommended in medical practice quite rarely, and this circumstance is based on many reasons. First, when developing insulin, the hormone first enters the liver, where it is slightly absorbed by the internal organ.

And only after such a chain, he falls into blood system A person, as a result, it cannot fully reflect its specific level of the synthesis of the pancreas. Secondly, insulin is the "answer" of the body for the consumption of gluke-containing food, so it can rise after eating.

Relying on such information can be said that the C-peptide indicators are the most reliable and correct. Since it does not pass through the liver, it is none of the way to the content of blood sugar, which comes along with food.

Allocate a number of situations when it is necessary to analyze this indicator:

• To determine whether there are metastases after surgical removal of the pancreatic tumor.
• Determining the level of beta activity to pick up adequate therapy, based on the results of the study.
• To determine the indirect insulin level against the background of inactivating antibodies that change the values \u200b\u200bin a smaller side. It is also recommended for severe pathologies of liver functionality.

The level of C-peptide has an important value, so it is recommended in the overwhelming majority in the following pathologies:

1. With a diabete of the first type, when the protein is below the norm.
2. With a diabete of a second type, when the indicators are above the norm.
3. Gestational form of diabetes in women during baby tooling. In this version, the doctor is trying to clarify the likely risk to the intrauterine development of the kid.
4. Patient condition after interference in the pancreas.
5. Diseases of autoimmune, which violated the functionality of the pancreas.
6. Education of a benign pituitary.
7. Infertility, polycystic ovarian.

The level of C-peptide allows you to determine the probable hypoglycemia factors. Hormone will be high if the patient takes that synthetic.

The hormone level can be reduced after the use of alcoholic beverages in large quantities, as well as against the background of the continuous use of insulin-containing means in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Results of analysis: Norm and deviation

The normal indicator does not depend on the floor of the patient, the age group does not affect it, and varies in the range from 0.9 to 7.1 ng / ml. As for patients of small age, then the norm of C-peptide will have their own, and in each case, it is different.

On the hungry stomach, the level of C-peptide will be different, and its norm ranges from 0.78 to 1.89 ng / ml. In a number of situations, the C-peptide is raised, however, such a state should not cause concerns if other studies did not reveal the presence of pathologies in the patient's body.

Sometimes it happens that hormone on an empty stomach does not show an increased result. This suggests that normal indicator In the blood is not able to show the type of disease in the patient. In this embodiment, it is recommended to test in order to identify an individual norm in this particular case.

• Glucosotolerant analysis.
• Glucagon injections (contraindicated against arterial hypertension).

To get the most accurate and reliable data, you need to go through two studies that will provide complete clinical picture.

High C-peptide can talk about the following states:

1. Obesity in any stage.
2. 2nd type diabetes.
3. Insulinoma.
4. Pancreatic head cancer.
5. The hypertrophic state of the cells of the islets of Langerhans.

C-peptide reduced by the following reasons: synthetic insulin, diabetes mellitus of any type, strong stress, surgical intervention in the pancreas area.

C-peptides with diabetes are significantly reduced. And to increase the production of this hormone, the introduction of insulin into the patient's body is recommended.

Hormone with diabetes

If the patient has a type of type 1, the tissues of the pancreas are destroyed, and such pathology is autoimmune. Due to the fact that the cells are destroyed, the insulin concentration in the patient's body decreases, while the C-peptide shows a low indicator.

Nobody is insured against this pathology, it can touch men and women, children. Nevertheless, relying on medical statistics we can say that the greatest prevalence of the first type of diabetes is diagnosed in people up to 30 years.

In addition, such a form of pathology can develop in a child, while he will have perfect health. In this embodiment, analyzes to determine the level of C-peptide hormone make it possible to carry out primary correct diagnostic events, and start appropriate treatment.

Due to the peculiarities of "children's" diabetes, it is necessary to diagnose pathology on time through the C-peptide test to eliminate the likely complications in the future.

The disease of the second type is accompanied by the disorder of the production and emission of insulin, as a result of which the susceptibility of peripheral soft tissues to this hormone becomes below the norm. As a rule, on the background of this C-peptide, it may be high, but if we consider relative to the glucose concentration in the body, it is still low.

Against the background of pathology detection, reliable analysis results allow the following activities:

• Set the type of diabetes.
• Select types of sugar drugs, determine their dosage and multiplicity of application.
• Diagnose hypoglycemia.
• Determine the insulin resistance of the patient.
• Rate insulin synthesis.

Along with the C-peptide, an insulin analysis may supplement the clinical picture to maximally fully correct the necessary therapy scheme. It does not depend on the floor of the patient, but depends on age.

Unfortunately, despite the progression of medicine, creating a large number of drug drugs, you can not cure sugar diabetes completely. In addition, the mechanisms that provoke such a state in the human body are still unknown to the end.

However, a negative correlation was discovered between excess weight and diabetes. Doctors note that those people who lead an active lifestyle are engaged in sports, hormone C-peptide is much lower.

The generalization of all information can be said that the C-peptide test allows reliable results, assign adequate therapy, as well as to control the development of different pathologies of the pancreas.

Did you give up such an analysis? Whether he helped clarify the clinical picture to adjust necessary treatment? Share your experience to complement the review!

Setting the diagnosis of "diabetes" requires several studies. The patient is prescribed analysis of blood and urine on sugar, load test with glucose.

In diabetes mellitus, the definition of a C-peptide in the blood is obligatory.

The result of this analysis will show whether hyperglycemia is a consequence of absolute or relative insulinant failure. What threatens the decline or raising C-peptide, we will analyze below.

What is a s-peptide?

There is an analysis that is able to assess the work of the islands of Langerhans in the pancreas and identify the amount of secretion of the hypoglycemic hormone in the body. This indicator is called connecting peptide or C-peptide (c-peptide).

Pancreas is a kind of protein hormone warehouse. He is stored there in the form of a princess. When the person rises sugar, the proinsulin disintegrates on peptide and insulin.

In a healthy person, their ratio should always be 5: 1. The C-peptide definition allows you to reveal a decrease or an increase in insulin production. In the first case, the doctor may diagnose the SD, and in the second case of insulin.

Under what conditions and diseases are assigned analysis?

Diseases in which analysis is assigned:

• diabetes mellitus 1 and 2 types;
• various liver diseases;
• polycystic ovarian;
• pancreatic tumors;
• operation on the pancreas;
• cushing syndrome;
• control treatment with hormone with type 2 diabetes.

Insulin is important for humans. This is the main hormone involved in the exchange of carbohydrates and energy production. Analysis that determines the level of insulin in the blood is not always accurate.

The reasons are as follows:

1. Initially, insulin is formed in the pancreas. When a person rises sugar, a hormone comes first to the liver. There, some of its part settles, and the other part performs its function and reduces sugar. Therefore, when determining the insulin level, this level will always be less than the pancreas synthesized it.
2. Since the main insulin emission occurs after the use of carbohydrates, its level increases after meals.
3. Incorrect data obtained in the presence of diabetes and treatment with recombinant insulin.

In turn, the C-peptide does not settle anywhere and comes immediately into the blood, so this study will show the real numbers and the exact amount of the hormone secured by the pancreas. In addition, the connection is not associated with glucose-containing products, that is, its level does not rise after eating.

How is the analysis?

Dinner 8 hours before blood takes should be easy, do not contain fatty foods.

Research algorithm:

1. The patient comes an empty stomach into a blood fence office.
2. The medical sister takes his venous blood.
3. Blood is placed in a special test tube. Sometimes there is a special gel in it so that blood will not curl.
4. Then the test tube is placed in the centrifuge. It is necessary to separate the plasma.
5. Then the blood is placed in the freezer and cooled to -20 degrees.
6. After that, the proportions of the peptide to insulin in the blood are determined.

If the patient is suspected of SD, it is prescribed a load test. It is to introduce intravenously glucagon or intake of glucose. After that, the blood sugar is measured.

What affects the result?

The study shows the work of the pancreas, so the main rule is maintaining a diet.

• 8 hour starvation before blood delivery;
• you can drink not carbonated water;
• it is impossible to take alcohol a few days before the study;
• reduce physical and emotional loads;
• do not smoke 3 hours before the study.

The norm in men and women have the same and range in the range from 0.9 to 7, 1 μg / l. The results do not depend on age and gender. It should be remembered that in various laboratories, the rules may differ, so reference values \u200b\u200bshould be taken into account. These values \u200b\u200bare the average for this laboratory and are established after the survey of healthy people.

Video lecture on the causes of diabetes:

In what cases is the level below the norm?

If the level of the peptide is reduced, and sugar, on the contrary, is high, it is a sign of diabetes mellitus. If a patient of young age and does not suffer obesity, most likely, it is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Older patients with tendency to obesity will be given type 2 diabetes and decompensated flow. In this case, the patient necessarily shows insulin injections. In addition, the patient needs an additional examination.

He is appointed:

• study of the Eye DNA;
• determining the state of the vessels and nerves of the lower extremities;
• determination of liver and kidney functions.

These organs are "targets" and suffer primarily with high level blood glucose. If, after the patient's examination, problems with these organs are found, it needs urgent recovery normal level glucose and additional treatment of affected organs.

The peptide decrease also arises:

• after promptly removing part of the pancreas;
• artificial hypoglycemia, that is, a decrease in blood sugar levels, which was provoked by insulin injections.

In what cases is the level above the norm?

The results of one analysis will not be enough, so at least one analysis on the determination of blood sugar is appointed to the patient.

If the C-peptide is increased, and sugar is not, then the patient is diagnosed with insulin resistance or prediabet.

In this case, the patient still does not need insulin injection, but you need to urgently change your lifestyle. Refuse bad habits, start playing sports and eat right.

Increased C-peptide and glucose levels are talking about the presence of type 2 SD. Depending on the severity of the disease, tableted drugs or insulin injections can be prescribed. The hormone is prescribed only extended action, 1 - 2 times a day. Under all the prescriptions, the patient can escape from injections and stay only on tablets.

In addition, the increase in C-peptide is possible at:

• insulinome - pancreatic tumors, synthesizing a large amount of insulin;
• insulin resistance - condition in which human tissues lose sensitivity to insulin;
• polycystic ovarian - female diseaseaccompanied by hormonal violations;
• chronic renal failure - It is possible a hidden complication of diabetes.

The definition of a C-peptide in the blood is an important analysis in the diagnosis of diabetic diabetes and some other pathologies. Timely diagnosis and began treatment of the disease will help preserve health and extend life.