If the patient develops the hernia of the spine lumbar Department, Its treatment should begin as early as possible. The absence of necessary therapeutic measures leads to the fact that the patient can develop. What are the main symptoms of the hernia of the lumbar department and the ways of effective treatment?

Characteristic disease symptoms

Intervertebral hernia of the lumbar department is much more often formed than in other spinal departments. This is due to the fact that the loin is experiencing heavy loads. It has 5 vertebrae, and all of them are connected by discs. Without them, there would be no normal vertebral depreciation, they help normally distribute the load on the entire spine. Disk contains solid shell Or the ring, and the soft kernel is placed inside it.

When the fibrous ring is destroyed, lumbar hernia is formed. The liquid core penetrates the spinal channel. As a result, the endings of nerves occur. In severe cases, squeezing spinal cordIf you do not help a person, it develops paralysis.

Signs of hernia are as follows:

Classification Gryzh

Exist different kinds Spinal hernia, which are classified according to certain features. So, hernia is primary if it develops in the spine after injury. Usually this diagnosis does not cause difficulties. If hernia is a complication of degenerative processes in the spine, then it will be secondary.

There is a classification depending on the part of the protruding section of the hernia beyond the vertebra. Allocate:

• prodrusia - hernia not exceeding 3 mm;
• prolapse - protrusion of up to 5 mm;
• the hernia is developed (its size exceeds 6 mm), in this case, the disc ring is broken, and the kernel comes out.

Depending on the growth direction of hernia is classified on:

• front (that is, the outlook is directed to the front side), symptoms such pathology does not show and it is considered the most favorable for the patient;
• lateral (side) hernia - it can leave the body of the vertebral, affecting the roots of the nerves of the spinal cord;
• the rear hernia - it will sput directly into the spinal cord department, is characterized by the least favorable manifestation;
• or vertical distribution.

Hernia can be:

• free (communication with the intervertebral disk is preserved);
• wandering (she loses touch with a disk where pathological changes occurred and can move in the spinal cord channel);
• moving - it can move, then return back.

The most dangerous moving hernia, because it can squeeze the nerves.

That the patient is siled nervous roots, indicate the following signs:

• increasing weakness in the lower limb;
• delay or urinary incontinence;
• disruption of defecation, sometimes loss of control over this process;
• permeal in the crotch;
• a disorder of gait.

If such symptoms of spinal lesions are noted, treatment must begin as early as possible, without waiting when the disease causes severe complications.

It should urgently turn to the neurosurgeon in such cases:

• if the patient loses control over the process of separation of urine;
• there is a sharp weakness in the field of lower extremities;
• a person feels that he is paralyzed.

Urgent surgical treatment is necessary in the development of the disease of the horse-tail.

Danger of the appearance of hernia

The hernia of the lumbosacral spine is dangerous for everyone. Women risk the fact that they can develop a circulatory disorder in a small pelvis section. It can lead to gynecological problems and bladder dysfunction.

Spinal hernia cause muscular tension. So the body seeks to keep the position of the spine. If muscle spasms are often found and continue for a long time, then a person can develop scoliosis.

The dangerous consequences of the intervertebral hernia of the lumbar spine is that it can squeeze the root of the nerve. The person drops the sensitivity of the skin area where this nerve sends its impulses. Often people suffering from hernias feel shot. A sharp pain due to squeezing the spinal nerve may not quiet and for several days. There may be other complications of the disease associated with a violation of the motor function.

The most severe consequences of the intervertebral hernia lower back:

• disorders of motor functions due to sharp pain and spasms;
• weakening, and sometimes the complete disappearance of the knee reflex;
• impairment of muscle sensitivity, their atrophy;
• paralysis.

Diagnostic measures

The diagnosis of intervertebral hernia of the lumbar department is necessary for the choice of optimal treatment. At first, the doctor collects anamnesis, conducts a primary examination of the patient. It will be interested in symptoms indicating that the nerve roots are squeezed.

Decisive in the formulation of the right diagnosis are such procedures:

1. MRI or. Diagnosis uses a magnetic field that does not harm a person. The doctor receives detailed and high-quality images of the internal structures of the body. MRI is used to determine the location of the hernia. This survey is appointed in the event that the patient is suspected of hernia of the sacrum of the spine.
2. CT or computed tomography shows well the condition of the bones. With this form, the examination uses X-ray radiation.
3. Used to confirm previously set diagnoses.

As necessary, other types of diagnosis can be assigned to a person. Everything will depend on his health status and prevailing symptoms.

Treatment of Gryzh

In most cases, the hernia can be cured without operations. This can be explained by the fact that over time it "swears". The average term of such a process is from six months to a year. Accelerate this process will not work, because it is natural. Usually such conservative treatment Herniation is associated with a complex of measures that facilitate the patient's condition. The main components of the non-operative methods of therapy of the intervertebral hernia of the spine include:

1. therapy. Patient prescribe painkillers helping to stop paining syndrome. In severe pains, the use of stronger, drugs is recommended. Drug therapy cannot be permanent.
2. X-ray controlled blockade. Applied in cases if medicia treatment Not effectively. Under the control of the X-ray apparatus, a special needle is introduced an anesthetic solution directly to the place where the root of the nerve is cleaned. This procedure is performed only under local anesthesia. In half of the cases, these therapy can speed up the process of recovery. Even the launched intervertebral hernia of the lumbosacral spine proceeds is much easier thanks to this.
3. . Used in the first month after an attack to reduce pain manifestations. Before carrying out such treatment, it is necessary to conduct special diagnostics to eliminate malignant tumors.
4. Shocks in trigger points. It should be careful not to damage during such vertebrae injections.
5. Acupuncture can reduce the severity of pain in the spine.
6. Ultrasound impact greatly facilitates the patient's condition.

If after 6 weeks of therapy pain remains sufficiently pronounced, the patient may be needed. It is necessary to prevent the diseases associated with hernia. Golden Standard Surgical Treatment - Microdisquectomy. It is performed using local anesthesia, no more than half an hour. The operation is minimally invasive: pains pass quite quickly, and the postoperative period is reduced.

If the patient has no testimony to microdisketomy, then it can be conducted by laser removal of hernia. Such therapy is an alternative to conservative measures.

Removing pain at home

If a person develops hernia of the lumbar spine, the symptoms can manifest themselves at any time of the day. Sometimes the pain is so strong that it is necessary to introduce strong painkillers.

Significantly improving the state of a person suffering from hernias, unnecessary anti-inflammatory drugs can:

• Diclofenac;
• Ibuprofen;
• Acetaminophen;
• Naproxen and others.

To facilitate pain, bed rest is sometimes required. More than 3 days are not recommended in bed. This leads to the further weakening of the vertebral muscles. The feeling of pain in such cases will only increase.

In the first weeks after the attack, it is impossible to do special exercises and even more so play sports that is associated with a reinforced load on the spine. Slow, unhurried walk will help normalize the motor function and improve the condition of the person.

Folk recipes

It is possible to treat such a disease at home using the method folk Medicine. Before you start using them, you need a doctor consultation.

Helps in the treatment of the specified disease, a mixture of birch oils, a hunter and a socket. It has anti-edema, analgesizing, anti-inflammatory activity. It needs to rub the affected spine departments.

With hernia, they make a compress from the Calanchoe sheet. It is necessary to remove the film from it, attach to the patient and fix the plaster.

Garns tincture is used in the form of healing compresses (it is used in the form of a mixture of chopped garlic and alcohol). It makes the compresses that put overnight. An even greater efficiency of this type of treatment will be in the event that such tinctures alternate with turbidar baths. It is recommended to be treated in this way for a month.

Prevention of the development of hernia

The prophylaxis of intervertebral hernia is to fulfill the following recommendations:

1. Physical education. Regular physical strengthens the back muscles, support the spine in the correct position, normalize disk power processes. Performance of physical exercises must be coordinated with the attending physician. It is necessary to avoid strong physical exertion in the first month after the attack.
2. The pledge of the prevention of hernia is the right posture. It reduces the load on the musculoskeletal system. Especially thoroughly, it is necessary to observe the right posture during a long stay in a sitting position, when working at a computer.
3. Fighting overweight significantly reduces the likelihood of hernia.
4. Smoking significantly increases the risk of hernia. Therefore, the competent prevention of such a state is impossible without refusing to have this harmful habit.
5. It is necessary to abandon the use of alcoholic beverages.

Conclusion

The hernia of the intervertebral disk of the lumbar department is a disease that cannot be ignored. If the first symptoms of the spinal lesion appear, then you should consult a doctor. The timely beginning of therapeutic measures helps to completely avoid surgery and resume the normal work of the spine.

Intervertebral hernia of the lumbar spine occurs when the pulp core of the intervertebral disk is squeezed out of the fibrous ring. The tissue of the destroyed disk is put pressure on the nerve end of the spine and cause a strong pain syndrome. The hernia of the lumbar spine occurs more often than others, its symptoms need to know to start the treatment on time.

If you do not treat the vertebral hernia of the lumbar department, the patient may lose their performance for a long time.

Most often disformed disk between the fourth and fifth lumbly-sacrive vertebrae, the pain at the same time hesitates, deprives the patient of mobility, and sometimes leads to disability. Diagnose the hernia is quite easy, but to cure it without surgery - quite difficult. This can help therapeutic physical culture, massage, medicines.

Intervertebral disc is a small cylinder from a special picking fabric. Outside it is protected by a fibrous ring, and inside is an elastic substance that turns our spine to a peculiar spring - a pulp core.

If the intervertebral disk is deformed due to injury or permanent negative action, the fibrous ring becomes brittle and gives a crack. Located inside the pulp goes beyond the fiber fibra. This phenomenon is called intervertebral hernia. If the affected disk is in the lumbosacral area of \u200b\u200bthe spine, then this is a lumbar hernia.

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The pain and other unpleasant symptoms appear because when the lumbar spine with the lumbar spine, the spinal nerve is pinched by an excess pulp.

Stages

Signs of hernia are noticeable in different ways at the respective stages. As soon as possible, starting the treatment of the intervertebral hernia of the lumbar department, you can suspend the development of the disease.

1. Prolapse - the disc changes its position slightly. If negative factors stop acting on it, it will again take a natural position.
2. Protrusion - the disk strongly changes the position, but does not yet go beyond the boundaries designated by vertebrae.
3. Extrusion - the kernel leaves the direct spine area, is in suspended.
4. - The appearance of gaps and cracks of the fibrous ring, the pulp outlet outward.

Symptoms

The symptoms of the hernia of the spine department begin to show themselves due to the deformation of the nerves. Atrophies muscles of legs and buttocks. The patient can feel cold, numbness in the limbs, "running goosebumps" and light, but unpleasant stuck sensations.

It disappears the possibility of jumping, go along the steps up, it is very difficult to sit down or raise something from the floor. The root of these problems is that the muscles weakened. In addition, the patient begins to keep the body in a new way - asymmetrically. In the area for which the affected nerves are responsible, the course of sweating - either the skin dries greatly, or on the contrary, sweats.

If the hernia came out inside the spinal column, it begins to put pressure on the spine in the lower back area. This fully deprives the patient with the opportunity to move the legs. The strong pressure of hernia becomes a danger to life.

The symptoms of the intervertebral hernia of the lumbar department may include deterioration of the work of the small pelvis organs. The patient loses the ability to control defecation and urination. Male faces with lumbar hernia may suffer from libido disorders, and in women lumbling hernias cause a frigid state.

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Muscle atrophy sometimes causes the patient to chrome much. If the disease is long launched for a long time, it can bring a person to disability.

Pain in hernia

The symptoms of the lumbar hernia are primarily expressed by pain syndrome. Intervertebral hernia - the cause of attacks of pain in the lower back. Pains have a new or dumb character, do not give the patient to sit quietly, coughing and even stand. It becomes easier only when the patient takes a horizontal position. Pain will not pass by itself, can be tormented by years, and begin to think about how to treat the vertebral hernia need as early as possible.

The hernia is growing over time, squeezes more and more roots of the nerves of the spinal cord, causing radiculitis. Pains are strengthened, they are increasingly given to the buttock area and legs.

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The pain shifts the lower back, it is worth only to change the pose or make an effort. This phenomenon is called Ishiagia. If the fifth waist vertebra is deformed, the thumb of the lower limb will hurt. If the pathology is localized between the fifth lumbar and the first sacrilate vertebra, painful feelings They will be shown in the area of \u200b\u200bthe sacrum, in the back of the leg and in the Miziorz. Regarding, but only strong pains force patients to plan a visit to the doctor.

The reasons

The reasons for the intervertebral hernia of the lumbar spine are as follows:

• Traumatic impacts from shocks, fall or accident;
• Osteochondrosis of the lumbar-sacral part of the back;
• Incorrectly formed from the birth of a hip joint;
• Spinal curvature;
• Strong sudden loads;
• Body body weight;
• Smoking creates a lack of oxygen, worsened by the trophy of intervertebral discs;
• The constant driving of the car incorrectly distributes the load on the back;
• Metabolism disorders.

What other factors will affect hernia in the lumbar department?

• Sitting and lack of motor activity;
• Age for thirty;
• Genetic predisposition;
• Male;
• Chronic diseases of the spine.

Diagnostics

Signs of the intervertebral hernia of the lumbar department are quickly beginning to torment the patient, but only a specialist can be diagnosed and find a deformed disc. For this, an x-ray is used in two projections to help draw up the overall picture of the disease. You can make a more detailed picture of pathology using MRI.

To understand how much the nerves and the fields of their innervation were injured, a neurologist verifies a patient for tendon reflexes, the sensitivity of the lower extremities and their mobility. Treatment of hernia lumbar spine begins only after the doctor has conducted a complete diagnosis.

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Treatment

Methods for the treatment of intervertebral hernia may include conservative or surgical impact on the lumbar department. Only in the first stages of the development of hernia, the methods of conservative medicine are effective. Folk Methods Do not answer the question how to cure pathology.

Task conservative methods - Easy pain, return the quality of life to the patient.

To prevent operation, a person must change the usual way of life. Less strain, move more. Observe a special diet, stimulating the trophic of the nervous and cartilage fabric.

Medications

With the hernia of the spine of the lumbar department, treatment with drugs is rather eliminating symptoms than truly changes the patient's condition. , such as diclofenac, ibuprofen or indomethacin needs to be taken. Eliminating pain syndrome, they save from muscle atrophy in the future. They also eliminate the inflammatory process, which in any case manifests itself if the roots of the nerves are cleaned. Such drugs can be used both externally in the form of ointments and inside the form of tablets.

In the situation, the hernia of the spine in the lumbar body causes certain muscle groups to support the ridge in the pathology. The patient is experiencing stiffness of movements and muscle pain. Central Miorlaxants, such as Middokalm or Sirdalud, help to cope with muscle spasms. With the intervertebral hernia, the lumbar department often use novocaine.

LFK

It is difficult to treat the hernia of the spine with conservative methods. But it will help to prevent the further development of pathology. LFC can be engaged when the main symptoms of the vertebral hernia of the lumbar department, such as pinching the nerve and painful syndrome already gone.

The exercise program must be compiled an instructor individually. Includes the slopes of the hull, cautious turns and rotation. The task is to strengthen the muscles of the spine, thereby not allowing the disk offset in the future.

Special exercises are performed in a horizontal position face down, on the side or face up. The patient can also stand, rubbed into the wall back. Taking this situation, it performs slopes, rotation, lifts, leads to legs and hands. Such movements of therapeutic gymnastics, like Vis on the crossbar or underwater version of its execution, allow you to stretch the spine. As a result, intervertebral discs feel free and begin to return to a natural state.

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If the disease is at an early stage, then classes will help to fully cure hernia. If the lumbar hernia is running, gymnastics will facilitate symptoms. Any exercises should be under the control of the instructor and with the permission of the attending physician, otherwise there is a risk to aggravate pathology.

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Physiotherapy

With hernaya lumbar symptoms, you can remove using medical methods Physiotherapy:

• Electrophoresis with substances removing the inflammatory process and pain syndrome;
• Warming treatment of the spine;
• Acupuncture;
• Underwater massage techniques;
• Spot reflexotherapy.

Massage

Intervertebral hernia is permissible to massage in the absence of exacerbation, but intervertebral hernia is a diagnosis in which any manipulations require the permission of the attending physician. If such permission is obtained, then the massage therapist will help improve blood circulation in the lumbar spine.

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Nervous and bone tissue will receive more nutrition, and harmful clusters of lactic acid will abandon the cells. Muscle spasms will be sazmed, which will remove painful syndrome and give patient lost mobility. And the emission of endorphins occurring during a session will serve as a light anesthetic and will also reduce the stress in the back area.

Surgical removal

In the following situations, conservative treatment of the lumbar hernia will not bring the result:

• Sequestration (break) of the intervertebral disk occurred;
• The patency of the spinal canal has deteriorated;
• The satellite nerve is inflamed;
• Intervertebral disk shifted very much;
• For several months, the patient's condition is not improved.

Content

Lumbar-sacral disc hernia occupies a leading position among disorders of the function of the musculoskeletal system. This pathology requires timely diagnosis and assigning competent therapy. The launched forms of the disease can have very dangerous consequences in the form of paresses or paralysis.

Causes of pain in the lumbosacral spine

With discomfort in the zone area, many are familiar not at the break. The person may experience different pain in nature. This is transient (acute) or chronic. The first goes faster than provoked its reason. The second lasts and after the termination of irritant factors. The reasons for the occurrence of each of the above syndromes can be the following states:

The appearance of acute pain provoke:

• muscle frame injuries;
• vertebral fractures;
• radiculopathy;
• bundle breaking;
• lumbar-sacral hernia;
• epidural abscess.

Chronic pain arises due to:

• deforming spondyleze;
• oncology;
• osteomyelitis;
• mositis (inflammation) of spinal muscles.

Hernia of the lumbly-sacacon spine

Intervertebral fibrous-cartilage formations consist of kernel surrounding his rings with collagen fibers and hyaline connective tissue. Thanks to this structure, they ensure the strength and depreciation of the spine. This significantly reduces the danger of its damage due to injuries, heavy physical exertion, stretching. It happens that under the action of negative factors, the development of disk space pathologies.

Intervertebral hernia of the lumbosacral spine is formed when the annular collagen fibers are broken. A pulp nucleus is made. The result becomes hernia, squeezing nervous roots and leading to inflammation of adjacent tissues. In the absence of proper treatment, the patient consistently arises such stages of the formation of a lumbosacral hernia of the spine:

1. Protrusion. At this stage, there is a small amount of protrusion (3 mm).
2. Prolapse. The size of the lumbar hernia is about 1.5 cm.
3. Sequestration. The stage is characterized by pinching the nerve roots and constant severe pain.

Symptoms

The first signs of the development of degenerative changes of intervertebral space are often ignored by patients. A stupid, suitable character of periodically emerging syndromes is simply "experienced" by day every day. Due to such a negligent attitude to the problem with the time in patients, the progressive displacement of the pulp kernel is observed outside the disk space. The following symptoms of the hernia of the lumbosacral spine are distinguished:

• muscle atrophy;
• pain syndrome when lifting legs (specific sign of hernia of intervertebral space);
• estimates distributed by lower limbs;
• numbness;
• lumbar pain;
• reducing reflex activity;
• development of radiculitis, as a consequence of hernia;
• dry skin.

Risk factors

Degenerative changes intervertebral disksShowing lumbly-sacral hernia may arise as a result of many reasons. The modern lifestyle often provokes the development of dysfunction of the musculoskeletal system. Avoid negative impact will help increase engine activity, balanced diet, reducing possible stress situations. The main risk factors for the formation of the intervertebral hernia of the lumbar spine can be called:

• severe physical work;
• work suggesting a long body finding in a static position;
• neglect of the principles of motor activity;
• harmful addictions and habits;
• overweight, additionally loading the bottom of the spine.

Treatment of intervertebral hernia lumbar

In the protrusion of the fibrous ring, therapeutic measures to eliminate the protrusion in the lower spine are limited to the bed regime, the appointment of anti-inflammatory and other drugs. The launched forms of pathology require the use of measures for drug removal of the swelling of adjacent tissues, the release of intervertebral discs and the elimination of the compression of the nerve roots. In addition to these, there are the following methods, how to treat Lumbar-sacrive hernia:

1. through. conservative therapyinvolving the use of medicines:
   • synthetic hormonal drugsintroduced into the epidural space of the spine (methylprednisolone);
   • opioid analgesics;
   • NSAID (indomethacin, mowed) used at the beginning of the formation of lumbosacral hernia;
   • blockade injections of novocaine or lidocaine in the bottom of the spine;
   • preparations for improving blood circulation (Actovegin, Trental);
   • ukolov with vitamins of the group B to accelerate the restoration of tissue hernia adjacent to the region;
   • external means with non-steroidal components.
2. with the help of surgical intervention:
   • Endoscopic discectomy - resection of damaged disk space. Deleted "breakdown" along with hernias through a small incision on the skin.
   • Laminectomy - Extraction of the arms of the vertebra.
   • Ligatectomy - disk scraping.
   • Hammonometolysis - drying the resulting hernia.
   • Spondlodes - transplantation of a new bone disk from pelvic bone patient.
   • Laser decompression of the disk - evaporation with a laser of the existing hernia.

Therapeutic gymnastics for the lumbar spine

The recovery period is of paramount importance throughout the process of intervertebral hernia therapy. Therapeutic physical culture (LFC) helps the body adapt to the changes that occurred and gradually develop a new complex of conditionally reflex motor reactions. The bottom of the spine is at high risk of the occurrence of hernia recurrences. In view of this, it is important to follow the basic rules of motor activity.

Therapeutic gymnastics in the hernia of the lower spine includes measures aimed at stretching the carrier part of the skeleton, for example, swimming. Regularly include such types of activity:

• To perform the exercise, stand on all fours with a trim on your knees and elbows. Next you need to synchronously raise right hand And left foot, fix the body to 5 s. Take the starting position and perform an approach from the other side.
• Take a horizontal position with straightened hands and bent in your knees. Ramilat the pelvis with focus on the back and fixing the position for 3 s.
• To lie on the stomach and fold the hands under the chin. Smoothly raise the housing without separating from the surface of the floor of the bottom of the body. It is necessary to hold this position within 5 s.

During the rehabilitation period, it is strongly recommended to adhere to moderate motor activity. After 2-3 months after the extraction of the lumbar-sacral hernia, the patient can be started by the exercise of the exercise, perform short walks. You can speed up the adaptation and healing processes using a sanatorium-resort treatment, including baths with radon, turpentine, sulfides.

It can be significantly reduced by the risks of re-appearance of intervertebral hernia, subject to such recommendations as:

• conducting an active lifestyle without heavy loads on the spine;
• use of preventive means of protection against injuries of the carrier part of the skeleton;
• visiting the pool;
• reduction of excess body weight;
• holding regular classes;
• keeping continuous control over the correctness of posture;
• preventing the location of the body in a static inconvenient position;
• completing frequent hiking outdoors.

Video: Exercises for the lumbosacral spine

Attention! The information presented in the article is familiarized. Articles do not call for independent treatment. Only a qualified doctor may diagnose and give recommendations on treatment, based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

The hernia of the lumbar spine is the pathology of the back, associated with the impaired integrity of the fibrous ring and stretching into one of the parties of the intervertebral disk. The reasons for this can be the most different. The hernia of the spine leads to the compression of the spinal nerve endings, which contributes to the occurrence of inflammation in the surrounding tissues.

The spine of man is a difficult anatomical structure, which has a form of a cylinder and consists of vertebrae and chiffer tissue disks. Intervertebral discs elastic, movable and can withstand significant loads.

In the middle of the disk there is a pulp nucleus, surrounded by collagen fibers, cartilage and a fibrous ring consisting of connective tissue. These fabrics can smear and become fragile. This state is injured and various diseases. Damage to the fibrous ring occurs on the side that adverse factors affect.

As a result, the contents of the kernel shifts into one of the sides, and its contents come out. So there are intervertebral hernias.

Nerch root, which is located at the point of absorption of the pulpal nucleus, is compressed. As a result, the patient feels severe pain. But it may not be absent if the squeezing of nerve fibers did not happen.

Classification of pathology

The classification of the hernia of the lumbar spine is based on the degree of disk deformation:

1. Protrusion is a process in which the displacement of the pulp nucleus is small, and the fibrous ring is diverted partially, while remaining a holistic one.
2. Extrusion - pathology that is associated with the fact that the fibrous ring is pulled into the vertebral channel along with the pulp nucleus.

More details about the formation of a disease will tell in the video Elena Malysheva and the doctors of the program "Live Great!":

1. Prolapse - the removal of the pulp nucleus outside in a place where the fibrous ring gap occurred.
2. - The process of displacement of the pulp nucleus in the spinal channel, and the loss of its connection with the vertebra.

The reasons

Doctors note that among the main reasons that contribute to the emergence of the vertebral hernia of the lumbar department, the osteochondrosis is associated with the age-related changes in the body, which also affect the fibrous ring, as a result of which it becomes fragile, subject to deformations and integrity disorders. To other reasons for the appearance of such pathology of the spine include:

• Injured injuries.
• Wrong weight lift.
• The increased vertebrate load as a result of lordosis or scoliosis.

• Hip joint dysplasia.
• Tuberculosis and other diseases of the spine.
• Tumors and other neoplasms in the spinal column.
• Metabolic disease.

There are certain risk factors that contribute to the occurrence of the hernia of intervertebral disks in the lumbar spine:

1. Male.
2. Large weight, which leads to an increased load on the spine.
3. Age ranging from 30 to 50 years, when the maximum probability of injury and weight lifting.
4. Hydodine.

Causes of spine pathology: Wrong weight lift, high weight, which leads to the formation of the load on the spine, the improper position of the back during seating and sleep.

1. Improper back position during seating.
2. Heavy physical work.
3. Repeated minor injuries.
4. Bad habits.

Symptoms of intervertebral hernia lumbar

The first thing to pay attention to the patient is pain, turning into the thigh, knee and shin. Such sensations have characteristic signs:

• Dull, exhausting pain.
• With any tension of spinal muscles, pain is enhanced.
• After acceptance horizontal positionThe pain decreases.
• Soreness is felt at a certain place of the back.

More than more about the symptoms and development of the disease of the spine will tell the doctor of functional diagnostics of the Echinacea clinic Oleg Ieviev-Majorov:

However, often hernia does not show itself in the lower back for a long time. Therefore, many people turn to the doctor when pathology led to serious consequences. In this case, the person should alert the following symptoms of the intervertebral hernia of the lumbar department:

1. Weakening of foot muscles.
2. Violation of mobility in the lower back.
3. Lumbalgia (sharp) is an acute pain at the bottom of the back, which becomes stronger when moving.
4. Numbness or tingling soles.
5. Chromotype or splitting gait.
6. Violation of the functioning of the muscles of the legs (up to its paralysis).
7. Violation of the work of the sebaceous glands.
8. Body skew.
9. Violation of the functioning of the small pelvis organs (this may be spontaneous urination or defecation, in women - frigidity, and men - a violation of erection, etc.).

Having noticed any of the above symptoms, it is important how quickly to consult a doctor who can put an accurate diagnosis and, if necessary, prescribe hernia treatment in the lumbar spine.

Diagnostics

For diagnosis, the doctor will conduct a survey, the visual examination of the patient, robes problem areas. An additional examination will be appointed:

1. Blood and urine test.
2. The X-ray of the spine, which will show the changes of the vertebrae.
3. Computer or magnetic resonance imaging, according to the results of which it will be possible to visually see the disk violation.

Treatment of intervertebral hernia lumbar

Starting the treatment of hernia in the lumbar spine doctors recommend with conservative methods. In exacerbation, the patient shows the bed mode and the reception of medicines.What to do and how to treat vertebrate hernia, a doctor will tell after survey and diagnosis.
After 5-7 days, when the acute period is overcome, the treatment is expanding and prescribed massage, physiotherapy, manual therapy, hirudotherapy, leaf and a post-bellometer relaxation. Some exercise is recommended to do from 3 days of treatment of lumbar hernia. For self-massage, you can use Kuznetsov applicators.

Medical therapy

Based on the symptoms, the treatment of lumbar hernia is prescribed using such drugs:

1. Miorosanta ("Diazepam", "Sirdalud", "Middokalm", etc.). Their use makes it possible to remove muscle spasm. To return the discs and vertebrae to a normal position, additionally assign massages and a course of the exercise.
2. Package preparations ("Indomethacin", "Ibuprofen", "Diclofenac", etc.), which will stop pain and reduce the likelihood of muscle atrophy. Medicinal products This group is released in the form of tablets, solutions for injections, drugs for local use (gels, ointments, etc.). Their action is directed to the withdrawal of the inflammatory process, which always appears when infringement of nerve endings.
3. Novocaine-paravertebral blockade (hormone introduction with anti-inflammatory effect). Such injections instantly remove pain for a period of 2 to 3 weeks. For the entire treatment period, 3-4 blockades are allowed. At the same time, each time the injection should be done in different points near the damaged disk.

1. Preparations for improving blood circulation and lymph movement (Aktovegin, Berlition, Pentoxifillain, etc.). The reception of such medicines contributes to the normalization of blood circulation in the affected area and removes tissue edema.
2. ("Hondronolon", "Arthron", etc.) - contribute to the restoration of cartilage tissue.
3. Vitamin and mineral complexes (Neurovitan, Milgamma, etc.) - contribute to the normal passage of pulses in the affected tissues, have a slight relaxing effect and restore damaged nerve fibers.

In addition to the admission of medicines, the doctor will advise the patient:

• Bed regime and the complete elimination of any physical work.
• The affected area you can warm or apply cold to it.

The course of use of drugs in the treatment of hernia in the lumbar spine is designed for 4-8 weeks. Its duration is determined for each patient. In the event that such therapy did not give a proper effect, the decision to carry out the operation.

LFK

After the pain syndrome is eliminated, the patient is prescribed a course of the exercise. A qualified trainer develops a specific program for each patient separately. At the same time, the slopes, turns, the lifts of the housing in the lying position during the alliated limbs are mandatory. A good effect showed hyperextension.

A set of exercises to strengthen the spinal muscles in the area of \u200b\u200bthe lumbar department:

The main task of such physical education comes down to strengthening spinal muscles in the area of \u200b\u200bthe lumbar department. This is necessary for the development of a muscular corset, which can prevent disk displacement. You need to perform all the exercises under the supervision of the coach, otherwise you can provoke exacerbation of the state with incorrect actions.

The whole range of exercises is aimed at pulling the spine. Thus, the distance between all vertebrae increases, which makes it possible to return to normal position. No less effective is swimming.

Treatment with folk remedies

To enhance conservative therapy, the doctor may advise the treatment with folk remedies. But it must be remembered that such treatment at home should be carried out only after a comprehensive examination of the patient and advice with the attending physician. This uses:

1. Trooper tincture on alcohol. It can be bought in a pharmacy. You can replace such a tincture with a decoction of the same plant. Eggs based on the opponent are used inside (20 drops of alcohol tinctures dissolved in a small amount of water or 50 ml of branch, take three times a day) or used for the trigger of the patient.
2. Rubbing into the lumbar region of ointments prepared from 1 gram mummy and 100 grams of natural honey. The ointment course is at least 30 days. Such a means helps to recover a damaged disk.
3. Lubrication of the lumbar section of Kalanchoe juice several times a day.

For the treatment of calangean, a liter can be filled with cut-out leaves and fill with the top to the top of the alcohol. The jar is tightly close the lid and put in a dark place for two weeks. The vessel must be periodically shaken. Ready infusion is used for rubbing.

1. Running the patient with a tincture of a dandelion juice. To prepare such a means, you need to squeeze the juice from 1 kg of dandelion stems. Mix it with alcohol in equal proportions. It is necessary to insist the medicine in the refrigerator 10 days.
2. Reception of alcohol tincture medicinal plants (Dormon, Sabelnik and Natheris). All herbs are taken in an equal number (1 tablespoon). The mixture is poured with 500 ml of alcohol and leave in a dark cool place for 15 days. After that, it takes 2 times a day by 30 drops.

Hirudotherapy

To cure the hernia lumbar suspension helps leeches. However, not every leech is suitable for this. You can use only those grown in special conditions, but to carry out both specialized medical centers.

During the session, the leech allocates biologically active substances that act on the particles of the damaged disk. In addition, hirudotherapy contributes to the removal of inflammation, anesthesia, improved blood circulation and acceleration of metabolic processes, which helps damaged tissues in the lumbar region to recover faster. It is noted that such a method of treatment is effective even in the case of the soased intervertebral hernia of the lumbar department.

The procedure should be conducted only under the control of the physician, since in some cases it is possible allergic reaction on substances allocated by leeches. The course of such treatment is 10-12 sessions, between which a break for 3-4 days.

Surgery

Sometimes, the doctor can decide that the intervertebral hernia of the lumbar department requires the operation. The adoption of such a decision contributes to such situations:

• There was a narrowing of the spinal canal.
• Prolonged conservative therapy did not bring the desired result or even happened to the deterioration of the patient's condition.
• During conservative therapy, such symptoms have increased as muscle weakness, numbness of the limbs, disruption of the work of the small pelvis organs.
• Part of the hernia is in the spinal canal.
• It happened to squeezing the beam of nerves, which are located at the base of the spinal cord, as a result of which the sharp pain in the legs and the crotch area appears.

Microsurgical removal of the pathology of the intervertebral disk in the lumbar department:

During operational intervention, the liberation of the nerve endings and the spinal cord from hernia is carried out. There are several types of surgery:

1. Endoscopy implies a work near the spine 3 micro-breaks. After one of them, the camera is introduced inside, through 2 others - microinstructions. Thus, the removal of the protrusion and elements of the pulp nucleus are performed.
2. Laser reconstruction - evaporation of moisture-containing structures of the pulp nucleus with a laser.
3. Percutaneous disktomomy - removal of the destroyed kernel, which is performed through a puncture in the disk. After that, instead of the kernel, a substance is introduced, which after cooling acquires the necessary properties.
4. Endoprosthetics of the disk - disk removal in which there is damage and replacing its implant.

Patient food features

Those who are diagnosed with the hernia of the lumbar intervertebral disk, must comply with drinking regime. To restore the elasticity of the disks, you need to drink at least 2 liters of clean water every day.

Patient recommended diverse nutritionAnd in the diet should prevail food rich in proteins, calcium, potassium, magnesium and phosphorus. Preference should be given to such products: meat, fish, milk and dairy products, rice, cabbage, nuts, carrots, etc. Diet assumes a limitation in food fats and cooking salts.

Rehabilitation and prevention

The high load on the lumbar spine has a long stay in the same position, bruises and sharp movements.

Patients with a diagnosis of lumbar hernia cannot be located in a fixed state. Those who have suffered an operation, the doctor will provide individual program Recovery and recommends wearing a special bandage. Not earlier than in 2-3 months, the patient will be able to engage in physical education and take walks. An excellent effect during recovery gives sanatorium-resort treatment, water and mud.

Heating with a laser of a damaged lumbar department

Prevention

Knowing what intervertebral hernia is and what leads to its appearance, the doctor will recommend the following ways to prevent this pathology. The main prevention is the following rules:

1. Maintaining an active lifestyle and exclusion of loads on the lumbar spine.
2. Protection of the back during the class of sports, which are associated with the high risk of falls and blows.
3. It is necessary to regularly do warm-up and self-massage.
4. Control over the right posture, especially for children.

1. Exception of excessive physical exertion.
2. Normalization of weight.
3. Regular outdoor walks.
4. Healthy nutrition.
5. Use for sleep quality orthopedic mattress.

Doctor sports medicine and medical physical education, Physiotherapist Clinic "Scandinavia" of Gusev Oleg will recommend the prevention methods after the response operation in the lumbar spine:

When the intervertebral hernia is detected at the initial stage of its development, the patient has every chance to successfully cope with pathology. For this, it is necessary at the first symptoms characteristic of its development, to see the doctor, comply with all its prescriptions and to engage in prevention.

The lumbar department includes 5 vertebrae (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5), there are intervertebral discs between them. Each disk is represented by fibrous-cartilaginous formation, consisting of a fibrous ring (occupies the peripheral part of the vertebral) and the pulp nucleus, which is inside this ring.

Fibrous element is a fibrous connect fabric, such as tendon forming layers in the form of rings. A pulpboat component is a chiffing tissue of gel-like consistency consisting of water (by 80%) and collagen fibers.

In general, the disk of any department, not only lumbar, is primarily responsible for depreciation functions, that is, it absorbs and softens the load on the spine at the time of physical activity. It also supports the optimal flexibility and projection of the vertebral system at each level.

The hernia begins to form due to progressive degenerative-dystrophic processes in the spine, which affected any of the elements between the two adjacent vertebrae. In our case, - between lumbar vertices, for example, between the bone bodies of L4 and L5, by the way, the lesions at this level are most often determined.

The development of the disease can also contribute to a traumatic factor, but the etiological basis is still more often precision, degenerative-dystrophic pathology (osteochondrosis). Disk degenerations are formed on the basis of broken cell metabolism in a particular vertebral area, which is why it is experiencing a nutritional deficit.

As a result, the intervertebral gasket begins to lose moisture and thread, cracks are formed on the fibrous ring. In the defect of the ring moves a pulpbogenous core, deforming and protruding the disk for anatomical benchmarks.

The first pains at the initial stage of development are largely due to irritation and excitation of pain receptors, which are equipped with external layers of the fibrous ring. Impulses from nobyreceptor rings are transmitted in the spinal cord according to the branches of the sinoutelectric nerve, which reflexively causes muscle spasm in the lower back and immobilization of the damaged department.

Sangenetic (protective) mechanisms in the future, as pathology progressing, are replaced by direct damage to the hernia of the adjacent spinal root and the corresponding nervous node. That is, there is already inflammation, swelling, mechanical compression of specifically spinal nerves in the lower spine. The clinical picture generates radiculopathy with pronounced pain syndrome.

Symptoms of the disease can cause constant discomfort, sometimes unbearable. In some patients, it occurs from time to time in a more tolerant manifestation. Typical features are:

• the painful syndrome in the lower back in the complex with pain in one lower limb (the feeling in the leg is usually stronger);
• one-sided pain in one of the buttocks and the leg relating to it (at the same time right-sided and left-sided pain practically does not occur);
• painful syndrome, which appears in the lower back or the berry zone, then on the nerve of the sacral plexus applies to the thigh, the shin, foot;
• paresthesia (numbness, tingling, pr.) In the lower limb, hips, groin, buttocks;
• strengthening of paresthesia and pain in vertical position, with motor activity, at the time of seating;
• the reduced potential of the amplitude of movements in the lower back, the difficulty in walking, weakness in the foot (syndrome "hanging foot"), the impossibility of raising the fingers of the stop or move them;
• violation of posture due to pain and sensation of the block in the back, the patient in connection with this begins to slightly slightly;
• vegetative disorders in the form of scaffolding of the loin and legs, the appearance of white or red spots on these areas;
• in advanced cases - urinary incontinence and / or feces, resistant loss of leg sensitivity (paralysis possible).

Signs of pain in the last stages, as a rule, carry a sharp burning and / or sweeping character with irradiation in the zone below the lesion focus. In the early stages of hernia, it usually gives non-permanent stupid and novel pain in the lower back.

For diagnosis, neurological tests are used and tool methods Research. Testing on neurological status is carried out by a neuropathologist, orthopedic or neurosurgeon. The specialist in the primary inspection based on the results of the tests implying the assessment of muscle strength and tendon reflexes may suspect the presence of lumbalize hernia. To confirm the diagnosis of the patient, MSCT or MRI examination is sent.

Sometimes CT / MRI precedes a radiography that allows you to identify the characteristic pathologies of structural changes in bone tissues and the narrowing of the intervertebral interval. But x-ray does not visualize the disk, spinal cord itself, neurovascular education related to soft fabrics.

Therefore, radiography can be used only at the first stage of the survey. It will make it clear whether there are structural and positional deviations in the bodies of the vertebrae and whether the patient needs to be addressed through more informative visualization methods.

The greatest clinical value in the diagnosis is magnetic-resonant tomography. MRI qualitatively determines the state of the disks, as well as:

• localization, character, swelling;
• fibrror rings;
• the degree of dislocation of the journalist nucleus;
• the fact of the compression of the spinal cord and the compression of the nerve ganglia;
• the width of the vertebral canal;
• free sequesters;
• disorders of blood supply functions;
• all related pathologies on the surveyed musculoskeletal plot.

For the inability to undergo an MRI patient can recommend multispiral CT - multi-section scanning of the lumbar radiation rays. However, CT in any form is inferior to the possibilities of MRI in the accuracy of the diagnosis, in the amount of information received on the clinical picture, security for the patient's health.

Among the drugs of local and internal appointments, widely used in the practice of treatment of pain at the loan level, are known:

Any painting medication, the reception of which is carried out, cannot be used for a long time due to the negative impact on the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, liver, hearts and blood vessels, blood formation systems.

To live only on alone medicines, in every way avoiding operations when it is necessary, it will cost a patient expensive. This is a dead end that inevitably leads to disability about the progressive hernia, an irreversible atrophy of nervous tissue and to receive additional medical problems.

Physiotherapy sessions are one of the components of elements of preventive treatment. They will not lead to full recovery physiotherapy, turn reversing the degradation of fibrous-cartilage intervertebral gasket is also not in their authority.

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But to suspend the progression of fibrous-cartilage and bone degenerations in the projection of the lumbar department using physiotherapy is quite achievable. Remissance is achieved by reducing edema around the affected disc, restoration of good blood circulation, removal of muscle hypertonus.

Electro- and phonoforesis, magnetotherapy, impulse therapy, ultrasound, laser therapy, electromyability - standard procedures recommended in a certain combination of people with such a diagnosis. How many patients they helped reduce or completely remove painful symptoms (q)

At about 10% of cases, physiotherapy does not imply and does not worsen well-being. And as many as 40% of people suffer full fiasco from physiotherapy, complaining about the appearance and strengthening of pain. The whole thing is, physiotherapeutic methods for the most part are based on the principles of deep heating of soft tissues or electrical neuromuscular stimulation.

In order to understand possible reasons disk structure disorders, it is necessary to understand how it is arranged.

In the very center of the disk there is a so-called centered core, and according to its periphery, a fibrous ring is located, the density of which significantly exceeds the density of the nucleus, since the central part of the disk consists of more than 80% of the water.

Classification of hernia at the location of localization

The loaning department most of all suffers from the formation of hernia, as it is subject to constant loads. This department of the spine accounts for the largest amount of hernia formations. Most often, the disk is between the fifth vertebra and a sacrum.

Intervertebral hernia of the lumbar department - the most common

The symptoms are expressed by pain in the lumbar department, which increase under loads. Soreness appears in the berry and femoral area. Characterized by the numbness of the limbs, muscle weakness. In the launched form, disturbance of the urethra. In critical cases - paralysis.

Rarely education. Accompanied by the spinal curvature. They are formed with a semi-lifting lifestyle, injuries, osteochondrosis, violation of metabolic processes and excessive loads. Pain occurs at the top of the back, shoulder joint.

• Prolapping, protrusion - tissue protrusion by 1-3 mm;
• Prolapse, size from 3 to 6 mm;
• Protrusion, sizes from 5 to 15 mm;
• Shaped hernia - from 6 to 15 mm;
• Extrusion - complete loss of the intervertebral disc, the discovery of a part of the disk in the form of a drop;
• Sequestred hernia - The core substance is completely separated from the disk.

For each department of the spine, there is its own gradation. Small sizes of the hernia of the lumbar department may turn out to be catastrophic for the cervical spine and require operation. Therefore, it is necessary to classify the formation of hernia at the location of localization.

Moving. Occurs when physical Loads, with long stay in a monotonous position.

Free. Kernel fabrics act in the area of \u200b\u200bthe longitudinal bundle, vertically supporting the spine. The structural structure of the disk and its connection with the vertebrae is preserved.

Wandering or sequined. The hernia is fluent in the spinal cord channel with the risk of damage to nerve endings. The disc is partially or completely destroyed. Presents the greatest danger in consequences. Requires surgical intervention.

The rupture of the fibrous ring passes several stages. Sequestrated disk kernel - the last stage of hernia

You can learn more about intervertebral hernias in the following articles:

Inside-spinal. Disconnecting the kernel of the disk does not go beyond the renovation channel.

Zadernate. Directed inside the spinal channel. Due to violation of the functions of a small pelvis and limbs. The occurrence of the "horse tail" syndrome is possible - these are the roots of lumbar, sacral, spinal cord nerves, assembled in the beam) with damage to the nerve roots

Secondary or medial. Appears at any level of the spine. Sometimes it reaches large sizes, affecting the nerve end and spinal cord.

Occupid. Directed inside the spinal channel. There is pressure on the channel with one or both sides.

Posterior (doorsal-flying). The most common and unfavorable appearance. By location, there are left-hand, right-hand, transcereral, rearverter.

The posterior hernias have subsections:

• Fooraminal. Compulsion in which the squeezing of nerve endings passing through the intervertebral hole occurs.
• Ecstaphorminal. Breakthrough in fibrous ring, with damage to the region of vessels and nerve roots. Poorly diagnosed.
• Side. Most unfavorable for the cervical department. As a result of tissue protrusion, nerve or clamp of the artery occurs.

Front (ventral). Disk loss through the front wall of the spine. It rarely meets, does not have complications.

Hernia (knot) of the Schimorl. Disk protrusion inside the upper or lower body of the vertebral cartilage. For the Schnory node, a decrease in the height of the body of cartilage and disk, the development of osteochondrosis and degenerative changes of the spine.

Front-windows. Loss in front of the vertebra. Influence on sympathetic plexuses, injured the front longitudinal bundle.

Posterior. Pass through a fibrous disk from the back side.

Have subsections:

• median - central location;
• paramedian - protrusion on the right or left of the center;
• side - affect the longitudinal bundles located on the sides of the rear wall of the spine.

Please note what the classification of the hernia of the spine in the direction of falling out

3 types of falling tissues are determined: pulp, cartilage, bone.

Pulpose type of fabric. It is characteristic of the pressure of the nucleus outside through the cracks of the fibrous ring. Pulposa loss, frequent phenomenon with hernias of shoryl.

Cartilage type of fabric. Fragments of the vertebral cartilage go out, infrainmenting nervous roots. The cause is the launched inflammation, the loss of elasticity of the tissues of the spine, injury, violation of metabolic processes and blood circulation.

Bone fabric type. It is formed in old age. Degenerate-dystrophic changes or osteochondrosis lead to the formation of osteophytes (bone growths). The spine growths often have large dimensions, the nerve roots are pressed and the spinal channel is narrowed.

The hernia of the intervertebral disk, or vertebral hernia, is a disease in which the intervertebral disk is made. The consequence of this may be pain (due to squeezing the nerve roots), various neurological disorders, and so

Depending on the place of the defeat, the hernia is distinguished by the hernia of the intervertebral disk of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine.

The treatment of the hernia of an intervertebral disk may be conservative or surgical, when choosing a treatment method, doctors usually pay attention to the size of hernia. To determine the size of the hernia, the disk uses various types of surveys - radiography, computer and magnetic resonance tomography.

For the hernia of the cervical disk, the small size of the protrusion is 1-2 mm, the large size of the protrusion is 5-6 mm. For the hernia of the breast and lumbar disc, the indicators are as follows: the small size of the protrusion is 1-5 mm, the average size of the protrusion is 6-8 mm, the large size of the protrusion is over 9 mm.

According to the majority of specialists, with a small and medium-sized hernias, conservative treatment is shown, while in the presence of a large hernia, a surgical operation is needed to the patient.

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Intervertebral hernia is one of the complex and serious diseases The spinal column in which the displacement of the damaged intervertebral disk is observed and protruding it beyond its boundaries.

The main danger of hernia lies in the probability of narrowing the spinal channel, as a result of which is strong and long squeezing Shells of spinal cord and processes (nerve roots).

This process causes edema and inflammation of the surrounding tissues: first there is a feeling of discomfort and rapid fatigue, and then the patient begins to feel pain in the place where the nerve endings and in the occurrence of vertebral hernia are held.

Depending on the formation and size stage, conservative and operational methods Treatment. To diagnose the disease of the vertebral hernia, a magnetic-resonance examination of the affected disk is most often carried out.

This method is safe enough and provides the most full information On the exact size of the protrusion or intervertebral hernia. Also can use computed tomography and radiography to determine the hernia.

· Prolapping - hernia shifts from 2 to 3 mm;

· Protrusion - displacement of the intervertebral hernia by 5-15 mm;

· Extrusion - complete loss of the intervertebral disc.

· 1-5 mm - small protrusion;

· 6-8 mm - medium sized hernia;

· 9-12 mm - Large-size intervertebral hernia;

· More than 12 mm - sequestred hernia or loss (large prolapse).

According to experts, immediate operational intervention is required in the sizes of the protrusion 9-12 mm and more, only if there are symptoms of squeezing elements of the "horse-tail" and spinal cord.

· 1-2 mm - small protrusion;

· 3-4 mm - medium-sized protrusion;

· 5-6 mm - large intervertebral hernia;

· 6-7 mm and more - the protrusion of a very large size.

The operation of the cervical spine is shown to people who have a protrusion size of 6-7 mm and more, in the remaining cases enough outpatient treatment. The goal of surgical intervention is to eliminate the squeezing of the structures of the spinal cord of the larger hernia, as well as the small in the presence of the spinal stenosis.

Intervertebral hernia in lumbar-sacral division (L5-S1) 6 mm

Pathogenesis is customary to classify on species according to localization, nature and degree of protrusion. The localization of the focus can be fixed during diagnostics on one or several levels at once:

• L1- L2;
• L2- L3;
• L3- L4;
• L4- L5;
• L5-S1.

As we previously agreed, the greatest number of cases fall into the last two levels (about 90%). These sites suffer more often, because not only differ in high mobility, but are the foundation of the spinal column, accepting the bulk of the vertical load daily.

Herrying formations in the lower back in the nature of the speakers, that is, in the direction of deformation relative to the spinal zones, there are the following types:

• the front - protrusion protrusion from the vertebral bodies (rare and clinically favorable);
• the rear - aimed at the spinal channel (frequent and one of the most dangerous, as they cause severe neurological pain and can provide compression on the spinal cord);
• side - protrude laterally from the spine canal, that is, on the side - on the right or on the left (also unsafe and have widespread, reproduce the spinal cord roots passing through the formal hole);
• the hernia of the Schimoron - with them there is an inwarding of the spongy cartilaginous tissue inside the spongy structures of the adjacent vertebra, which may cause the destruction of the bone body and the compression fracture (the defeat in the lumbar department is a rarity, and if it is detected, then at most of the L2- L3 section).

Hernia of Schimor at MRI.

The disease is also classified according to severity, namely the clinical stage of its formation from the initial until the last stage.

1. Protrusion, prolapse (1 Art.) - Start of development, disk displacement is insignificant, usually from 1mm to 4 mm. The fibrous ring is thinned, its layers have small cracks. However, the integrity of the back of the ring is preserved, so the kernel mixed up to the periphery is still within its limits.
2. Extrusion (2-3 tbsp.) - Finally formed hernia, as a rule, with dimensions of more than 5 mm. The fibrous rim is broken, the kernel breaks through through a cross-cutting defect and hangs the drop into the intervertebral space, while holding off due to the longitudinal bundle. Depending on the size of the savings that can reach 12-15 mm, the extrusion in different people varies from the average (5-8 mm) to the severe stage (9 mm or more).
3. Sequestration (4 tbsp.)- Critical degree accompanied by fragmentation of the kernel sequence element. In particular, the cartilage fragment (sequester) ripped from the disk and the kernel falls into the vertebral channel with possible migration through the anatomical expanses of the vertebral system. Any extrusion stage may precede sequestration, people with more than 8 mm have the highest degree of risk. The stage of sequestration is fraught with paralysis and severe autoimmune reactions, in 80% -90% of cases leads to disability.

Intervertebral hernia in lumbar-sacral segments on any of the stages are able to damage both the musculoskeletal complex and internal organs. Nerivascular formations, passing on this site, can be annoyed, to clarify the deformed disc, even at the protrusion stage.

Lumbar, lumbosacral hernias of the spine with improper and late treatment lead to a violation of the innervation of pelvic organs, the muscles of the lower extremities, the increase in the neurological deficit.

• painful intense root pains;
• peripheral paralysis or porn paresis with a predominance in distal departments;
• losing all kinds of sensitivity and reflexes in lower limbs and in the crotch area;
• heavy disorders of the functions of the sigmoid and rectum, the urinary tract, the male and female reproductive system (Calla Inconinting, uncontrolled urination, impotence, infertility, etc.).

If at least one of the listed signs of horse-tail lesion, the patient needs neurosurgical treatment as soon as possible. No conservative tactics will save in this case!

moderate back pain and thighs, during the seat there comes the back of the back and develops a still pain (strong), in the right leg I feel the effect of "goosebumps", in the lower leg - with a staging pain, as well as pain under the heel and numbness.

I do not offer the operation, they say: "If conservative treatment helps at least a little, then early for the operation. That will be worse, then we will do. " And I have these symptoms constant and there is no special improvement, as, however, and deterioration.