Medical Physical Culture (LFC)

Therapeutic physical education (LFC) includes methods of treatment, prevention and medical rehabilitationbased on the use of therapeutic gymnastics consisting of specially selected and methodically developed exercise.

When appointing a course of therapeutic physical education, the doctor takes into account the characteristics of the disease, the nature, degree and stage of the painful process occurring in the systems and organs of the human body. The basis of the health effects of therapeutic gymnastics lie physical exertion, strictly dosed in relation to patients with weakened health.

Types of therapeutic physical education (LFC)

There are two types of healing physical education: general training and special training. The total training in the LFC is aimed at strengthening and improving the body as a whole; And special training during the course of therapeutic physical education is prescribed by a doctor to eliminate violations in the functioning of certain organs or systems in the body.

Exercises included in the gymnastics of the LFC differ in an anatomical principle and degree of activity. According to the anatomical principle of the exercise of therapeutic gymnastics, they are divided into physical culture for the muscles of the hands, legs, respiratory organs, etc. - that is, it is about gymnastics for specific muscle groups. According to the degree of activity, therapeutic physical culture is divided into active (exercises performed entirely by the patient himself) and passive (exercises performed by patients with a violation of the organism's motor functions using a healthy limb, or using a methodologist).

To achieve results in therapeutic physical culture, certain exercises are used, aimed at restoring functions of a particular part of the body (for example, to strengthen the abdominal muscles, therapeutic gymnastics includes a complex of exercise in the standing position, sitting and lying). As a result of the course of the exercise, the body adapts to gradually increasing loads and adjusts the disruption caused by the disease.

Appoints the course of therapeutic gymnastics The attending physician, and the doctor-specialist in therapeutic physical education (LFC) determines the methodology of classes. Procedures conduct an instructor, in particularly complex cases - a physical physical physician. The use of medical gymnastics, increasing the effectiveness of complex therapy of patients, speeds up the period of recovery and prevents further progression of the disease. It should not begin to begin the exercise on the expectations on their own, as this may lead to a deterioration in the state, the methodology of the medical gymnastics appointed by the doctor should be strictly observed.

Physiological Basics of Health Training

The system of physical exercises aimed at improving the functional state to the required level (100% DMPC and higher) is called wellness, or physical, training (abroad conditioning). The priority task of the recreation training is to increase the level of physical condition to safe values \u200b\u200bthat guarantee stable health. The most important goal of training for middle and elderly people is the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, which are the main cause of disability and mortality in modern society. In addition, it is necessary to take into account age physiological changes in the body in the process of evolution. All this causes the specifics of the exercise of the health physical culture and requires the appropriate selection of training loads, methods and means of training.

In the wellness training (as well as in sports), the following main components of the load are distinguished, which determine its effectiveness: the type of load, the load value, the duration (volume) and the intensity, the frequency of occupations (the number of times a week), the duration of the rest intervals between classes.

Type of load

The nature of the impact of physical training on the body depends primarily on the type of exercise, the structure of the motor act. In the wellness training, there are three main types of exercises with different electoral orientation:

1 type - cyclic aerobic oriental exercises that contribute to the development of general endurance;

2 Type - cyclic exercises of mixed aerobic - anaerobic orientation, developing general and special (speed) stamina;

3 Type - acyclic exercises that increase power stamina. However, only exercises aimed at the development of aerobic capabilities and shared endurance have a wellness and preventive effect on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. In connection with this, the basis of any health program for middle and elderly people should be cyclic exercises, aerobic orientation.

Research (1985) has shown that the decisive factor determining the physical performance of middle-aged people is precisely the total endurance that is assessed by the magnitude of the IPC.

In the middle and old age, against the background of an increase in the exercise for the development of general endurance and flexibility, the need for high-speed loads is reduced (with full exception of high-speed exercises). In addition, persons over 40 years old, the decrease in the risk factors of the IBS (normalization of cholesterol metabolism, blood pressure and body weight) is acquiring, which is possible only when performing an aerobic focus on endurance. Thus, the main type of load used in the wellness physical culture is aerobic cyclic exercises. The most affordable and effective of them is wellness running. In this regard, the physiological basis of training will be discussed on the example of a health run. In the case of using other cyclic exercises, the same principles of dosage of training load are preserved.

According to the degree of impact on the body in the health physical culture (as well as in sports), thresholds, optimal, peak loads, as well as superloads are distinguished. However, these concepts regarding physical culture have several other physiological meaning.

The threshold load is a load that exceeds the level of familiar motor activity, the minimum exercise load value, which gives the necessary wellness effect: compensation for the lack of energy consumption, increasing the functionality of the body and reducing risk factors. From the point of view of reimbursement of the missing energy consumption, the threshold is such a duration of the load, this size of running that corresponds to energy consumption of at least 2000 kcal per week. Such an energy consumption is ensured when running a duration of about 3 hours (3 times a week of 1 h), or 30 km of running at an average speed of 10 km / h, since when running in aerobic mode, approximately 1 kcal / kg per 1 km of way ( 0.98 in women and1.08 kcal / kg in men).

Increased functionality is observed in beginner runners with a week of slow run, equal to 15 km. American and Japanese scientists have observed an increase in the IPC by 14% after the completion of a 12-week training program, which consisted of 5-kilometer runs 3 times a week (K. Cooper, 1970). French scientists at the forced training of animals on a thread bath (3 times a week to 30 minutes) after 10 weeks found a significant increase in the density of the capillary alignment of myocardium and coronary blood flow. Loads, twice as smaller in volume (15 minutes), did not cause such changes in myocardium.

Reducing the main risk factors is also observed at the volume of runs at least 15 km per week. Thus, when performing a standard training program (run 3 times a week to 30 minutes), a distinct decrease in blood pressure to normal values \u200b\u200bwas noted. The normalization of lipid metabolism in all indicators (cholesterol, Liv, LVL) is noted under loads over 2 hours per week. The combination of such training with rational food allows you to successfully fight overweight. Thus, the minimum load for beginners necessary for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and health promotion should be considered 15 km run per week, or 3 classes for 30 minutes.

The optimal load is the load of such a volume and intensity, which gives the maximum wellness effect for this individual. The zone of optimal loads is limited to below the level of thresholds, and from above - maximum loads. Based on perennial observations, the author was revealed that the optimal loads for the prepared runners are 40--6o min 3-4 times a week (on average 30-- 40 km per week). A further increase in the number of mileageable kilometers is inappropriate, since not only does not contribute to the additional increase in the functionality of the body (MNU), but also creates a risk of injury to the musculoskeletal system, violation of the activity of the cardiovascular system (in proportion to the growth of training loads). So, Cooper (1986) on the basis of these Dallas Aerobics Center notes an increase in traumatization of the musculoskeletal system while running more than 40 km per week. Improved improvement mental state and sentiment, as well as a decrease in emotional tensions in women with a week of running up to 40 km. A further increase in training loads was accompanied by a deterioration in the mental state. With an increase in the volume of running loads in young women up to 50--60 km per week, in some cases, a disruption of the menstrual cycle was noted (as a result of a significant reduction in the fat component), which could cause sexual dysfunction. Some authors are a running "barrier" call 90 km per week, the excess of which can lead to a kind of "running drug addiction" as a result of excessive hormonal stimulation (release into the blood of endorphins). It is impossible not to take into account the negative impact of large training loads on the immunity, found by many scientists (Gorshkov, 1984, etc.).

In this regard, everything that goes beyond the optimal training loads is not necessary in terms of health. Optimal loads provide an increase in aerobic capabilities, total endurance and performance, i.e. the level of physical condition and health. The maximum length of the training distance in the wellness race should not exceed 20 km, because from that moment on the depletion of muscle glycogen in energy supply, fats are actively involved, which requires additional oxygen consumption and leads to the accumulation of toxic products. Running at 30--40 km requires an increase in the special marathon endurance associated with the use of free fatty acids (SZhK), and not carbohydrates. The task of improving physical education is to strengthen health by developing a common (and not special) endurance and efficiency.

Problems of marathon running.

Overcoming the marathon distance is an example of a superload, which can lead to a long reduction in working capacity and depletion of the ability of the body. In this regard, the marathon training can not be recommended for improving physical education (especially as it does not lead to an increase in the "amount" of health) and cannot be considered as a logical completion of the wellness run and the highest level of health. Moreover, excessive training loads, according to some authors, not only do not impede the development of age-related sclerotic changes, but also contribute to their rapid progression (1980, etc.).

In this regard, it is advisable at least briefly stay on the physiological features of the marathon run.

In recent years, the marathon distance is becoming increasingly popular, despite the difficulties associated with its overcoming and extreme impact on the body. Ultra-long distance runs are inherent in the aerobic nature of energy supply, however, the ratio of use of carbohydrates and fat for oxidation varied depending on the length of the distance, which is associated with muscle glycogen stocks. In muscles lower extremities High-class athletes contain 2% glycogen, and lovers of wellness run - only 1.46%. Muscle glycogen reserves do not exceed 300-400 g, which corresponds to the kcal (4.1 kcal is released when carbohydrates). If we consider that 1 kcal / kg is consumed during the aerobic run, then the athlete weighing 60 kg of this amount of energy would be enough for 2 km. Thus, when running to a distance of up to 20 km, muscle glycogen reserves fully provide muscle activity, and no problems of compensation energy resources It does not occur, and the fraction of carbohydrates accounts for about 80% of the total energy consumption, and the share of fats is only 20%. When running on the CM and more glycogen reserves, it is clearly not enough, and the contribution of fats to energy supply (due to the oxidation of the SU) increases to 50% or more. In the blood, toxic exchange products, poisoning organism accumulate. With the duration of running 4 hours and more these processes reach the maximum and the concentration of urea in the blood (the indicator of the intensity of protein metabolism) reaches critical quantities (ymmol / l). Nutrition at the distance does not solve the problem of the lack of carbohydrates, since the processes of suction from the stomach are violated by time. In insufficiently prepared runners, the drop in blood glucose can reach hazardous quantities - 404 in the mg square instead of 100mg% (norm).

Additional difficulties also arise as a result of fluid loss from then - up to 5-6 liters, and on average 3-4% body weight. The marathon is especially dangerous at high air temperature, which causes a sharp increase in body temperature. Evaporation from the surface of the body 1 ml of sweat leads to the return of 0.5 kcal of heat. Loss of 3 liters of sweat (average loss during the marathon race) provides heat transfer about 1500 kal. So, during the Boston Marathon, the runners 40-50 years had an increase in body temperature (according to telemetry registration) to 39-41 degrees (Mages, 1977). In this regard, the danger increased heat strike, especially with insufficient preparedness; Even cases of death from heat strike during the marathon are described.

A negative effect on the body can also be prepared for the marathon, requiring a significant increase in training loads. American authors Brown and Graham (1989) noted that for successful overcoming the marathon, the last 12 weeks should be held in front of the start to run daily at least 12 km or 80-100 km per week, which is significantly more running optimum (no longer health, and professional training) . In people over 40 years old, such a load often leads to the overvoltage of myocardium, a motor apparatus or a central nervous system.

That is why, before proceeding with Marathon training, it is necessary to decide which purpose you are haunting, and soberly weigh your capabilities - taking into account the physiological effect of the marathon. The same, who is quite prepared and in order to solve themselves to expose themselves to this difficult test, it is necessary to go through the cycle of a special marathon training. Its meaning is that it is painless and as early as possible to "teach" the body to use for the power supply of fats (SZhK), thus maintaining glycogen reserves in the liver and muscles and preventing a sharp decrease in blood glucose (hypoglycemia) and the level of health. To do this, it is necessary to gradually increase the distance of the Sunday run until 30--38 km, without changing the volume of loads on other days. This will avoid an excessive increase in the total rapid volume and overvoltage of the musculoskeletal system.

Load intensity

The load intensity depends on the running rate and is determined by the heart rate or as a percentage of the IPC.

Depending on the nature of the energy supply, all cyclic exercises are divided into four training regime zones.

1. Anaerobic mode - the speed of running above is critical (above the level of the MNU), the content of lactic acid (lactate) in the blood reaches 15-25mmol / l. Not used in recreation training.

2. Mixed aerobic anaerobic mode - the speed between the levels of Pano and the IPC, blood lactate - from 5 to 15 mmol / l. Periodically, it can be used well-prepared runners for the development of special (high-speed) endurance when preparing for competitions.

3. aerobic mode-speed between the aerobic threshold and Pano level (2.0--4.o mmol / l). Used to develop and maintain overall endurance.

4. Recovery mode - the speed below the aerobic threshold, lactate is less than 2 mmol / l. Used as a method of rehabilitation after transferred diseases.

In addition to improving workout, physical education classes should include training the basics of psychoregulation, hardening and massage, as well as competent self-control and regular medical control. Only an integrated approach to mass physical education problems can ensure the effectiveness of classes for indigenous improvement in public health.

Therapeutic gymnastics B. chinese medicine

Life is motion!!!. Residents of the countries of the East still in ancient times knew that in order to deprive the human energy, it was necessary to deprive its motor activity. Dangerous prisoners in ancient China were placed in such small cameras, where a person could only sit or lie. After a couple of months, a man weakened so much that he could not escape, even if he had such an opportunity, because in the inaction of his limb atrophies.

The modern man often voluntarily leads a sedentary lounge, used earlier as a punishment for especially dangerous criminals in the East, and complains of chronic fatigue and a shortage of forces for physical education. So it turns out a vicious circle: to engage in gymnastics, you need energy - to appear energy, you need to do gymnastics. However, given that we all find strength to get to work, go to the sports car or cinema, we, if we try, can find them and for exercise. Especially since therapeutic physical culture is often proves a more efficient method of treating the disease than medications. What, first of all, refers to the diseases of the spine as scoliosis and osteochondrosis.

As is well known, exercise has a tonic and generalifying effect on the human body.

Due to therapeutic physical education, it is possible to influence not only damaged systems, but also to significantly expand the functionality of the body, improve immunity, performance, improve metabolic processes, increase oxygen consumption by the body and as a result to normalize weight.

The greatest effect can be achieved with the help of an experienced instructor on therapeutic physical education, which for each patient picks up and adjusts the exercises, given its individual characteristics.

The help of a specialist to people for rehabilitation after injuries and diseases of the joints, as well as during the deformations of the musculoskeletal system and during posture defects is very important.

Manual therapy

The circulation of energy in the human body has not only energy, but also the "material" expression - in the form of blood circulation and lymph. Violated circulation makes it difficult to power the tissues and the removal of decay products, which can lead to problems in both the "scarce" areas and in the extension areas of energy. Such violations are often caused by "mechanical problems" in the body - diseases of the spine, displacement of vertebrae and joints as a result of injuries, overvoltage of muscles and their spasms, improper gait (posture, landing), etc. As a result - swelling, pain syndromes, restriction Mobility.

Manual therapy - a complex of biomechanical techniques, aimed at eliminating pain and restoration of the mobility of the joints and the spine. The procedures of manual therapy are somewhat resemble a massage, differing from it limited to localization of areas of use and dosed effects of exposure.

The name of the first manual therapy specialist is unknown. But it is likely that he was a hunter. Injuries, bruises, dislocations during the hunt, naturally forced to apply any medicinal measures. Naturally, not all damage to the musculoskeletal system was treated with a knife and medicines. Dressing, warmth, brands of medicinal herbs are traditionally used in folk medicine.

Information about manual allowances in the spinal injuries are contained in numerous literary sources of the ancient world. Hippocrates they were known as an effective method of treating diseases of the spine (Rachterepia); Some technical techniques were very original: two assistants stretched the underlying patient, attaching him by arms and legs, and the third walked on the back of the patient. Walking on the back To eliminate pain symptoms in the spine practiced in many nations. Such information in the fiction can be found quite a lot. This is evidence that the techniques are traditional folk Medicine Transmitted from generation to generation, creatively processed, contributing to the establishment of a manual therapy specialist.

The history of manual therapy in Russia is somewhat different from its development in the world. There was no oppression of traditional medicine official. Wheelning case included elements of massage, including point, stretch marks, shocks, heating and spells. Lack of need for expensive medicinal preparationsAvailability and sufficient efficacy with many diseases of the spine are the cause of the existence of this industry of traditional medicine.

Massage is an active therapeutic method, the essence of which is reduced to applying metered mechanical irritations to the exposed body of the patient with various, methodically conducted special techniques performed by the hand of a massage therapist or using special devices.

With a massage, first of all, numerous nerve receptors laid in various layers of skin and associated with the postal and vegetative system are exposed to exposure. In the process of massage, the first stage of transformation and the mechanical energy of massage movements into the energy of the nervous excitation, which gives the beginning of the complex chain of reflex reactions.

Massage - physiological effect.

The mechanism of the massage is based on difficult process, caused by the interaction of nervous and humoral factors. It is necessary to add that the massage at its exposure is also directly mechanical influence on the tissue, resulting in the movement of tissue liquids (lymphs, blood), stretching and displacement of tissues (with scars, spikes) and other changes.

Massage in Kim Tao

In Chinese medicine, a special role is given: along with acupuncture and treatment folk remedies and medicinal herbsMassage is an equally common and effective method of treating and improving the body. Chinese massage differs from Western massage, first of all, by force and depth of exposure. Especially good results Chinese massage gives combined with acupuncture (acupuncture).

Even if you do not have any health problems, the massage is an excellent means for the weakening of muscle spasms, increasing the skin tone and subcutaneous tissue, relaxation of muscles and stretching oversaturated ligaments.

Honey massage

Honey massage - the method of treatment and recovery known among the folk healers of Tibet and Bulgaria. Honey backrest and collar field combines perfectly combines therapeutic actions of honey, massage and aromatherapy.

On time the procedure is significantly enhanced by microcirculation; Biologically active substances, vitamins and minerals are absorbed in honey absorbed into the skin; When removing honey from pores, accumulated slags are output; At the end of the session, the skin is massaged with natural fir or aromatic aromatic oils.

Used only natural honey. Honey massage is effective in the treatment of bronchitis, pneumonia, cold illness, radiculites, mositis; contributes to improving immunity; Displays slags from the body. Honey massage is recommended (after consulting specialists!) Courses from 3 to 10 procedures with different intervals between sessions.

The duration of one procedure is from 45 minutes to 1 hour. After the massage, it is necessary for 15-20 minutes to be indoors. Absolute contraindication - allergic reactions to honey and beekeeping products!

Healing honey massage is beautiful tool Maintaining a weakened organism in modern conditions of all sorts of overloads and stress, relieves fatigue and fills with ease and freshness! This treatment method is perfectly combined with manual therapy, physiotherapeutic procedures, drug therapy and other methods of treatment.

The word "yoga" means "to associate, reunite" in the meaning "connection of the soul with God," that is, in other words, yoga is the path to God, in fact, a kind of religion. The goal of yoga is to restore our initial relationship with God, ways and ways of approaching it. The birthplace of yoga is India, where many varieties of yoga appeared.

The basis of each yoga is the desire for the improvement of the spirit, which is the true content of the physical body. Improve the spirit in yoga is required in order to separate the clean spirit from the physical shell and, then, freeing it from the body, to achieve the state of Nirvana. Each of the existing yogi has its own creed and philosophical doctrine, moral and religious codes of behavior and cults. In addition to theoretical basis, yoga propose their practical ways to achieve their goals.

In the West, the so-called Hatha Yoga was obtained the greatest distribution, the elements of which are perceived not oriental for the only existing yoga, although, in fact, the number is much more.

Hatha Yoga: spiritual principles

Hatha Yoga is the yoga of a sympathetic (vegetative) nervous system regulating internal organs, glands and vessels of the human body. Hatha Yoga is the path to the perfection of the Spirit through physical perfection, that is, through the achievement of control over all the internal processes of the body, which can be achieved by performing a complex of physical and respiratory exercises. Hatha Yoga is the initial stage of more complex Raji yoga.

Europeans tend to perceive the Hatha yoga not as the path of human spiritual development, but as a means of improving the body. In the West, the main goal of Hatha Yoga is often ignored, its spiritual and philosophical parts and use yoga only in the form of a complex of physical and respiratory exercises, like the medical gymnastics. However, the basis of all the eastern martial arts, which are derived from any ideology, the main thing was always the perfection of the Spirit, and by no means physical perfection. Therefore, a Western man who does not have a deep faith and not ready to go along the path of grave, is unlikely to succeed to achieve the main goal of yoga - merging with God. However, the existence of various types of yoga, differing from each other in ways to achieve a major goal, allows everyone to choose the right path to him: for someone - the path of the recovery, for someone - the achievements of Nirvana.

Breathing exercises

Often, fatigue comes as fast due to the fact that the body is not well supplied with oxygen. In everyday life, our breath is superficially, deep breaths and exhalations most often we only do, being in the state of emotional excitement - actually elements of respiratory gymnastics. But many who are not even familiar with the term "respiratory gymnastics", know that there is a simple way to remove the growing tension - to make some deep breaths-exhale (inhaling the nose, the exhalation of the mouth) - After that, a noticeable relief occurs immediately, and life does not seem to Such a heavy test.

Everyone knows that at the heart of modern "physical education" - shaping and aerobics - is a combination of respiratory gymnastics with a motor: because with the help of respiratory gymnastics and blood enrichment with oxygen, fat is burned, and in combination with gymnastics, affecting certain muscle groups, such physical culture is excellent Slimming means replacing difficult to comply with the diet.

So popular in Soviet times "Charging" also included, along with motor exercises, elements of respiratory gymnastics. But in order to lose weight or improve well-being, it is not necessary to do physical education in the gym at all: breathing gymnastics can be done separately from active exercise - even your workplace in the office is quite suitable.

Respiratory gymnastics and yoga

Yoga allocates four main breathing methods: upper breathing, medium breathing, lower breathing, full breathing of yogis. On the basis of the fourth way, all the respiratory gymnastics of yoga is built.

Top breathing. This way of breathing yoga is known in the west as a "clavishing breath". In the process of the top breathing, the edges are expanding, the clavicle and shoulders rise, at the same time the intestine is compressed and put pressure on the diaphragm, which, in turn, is also strained and increases. In this case, the method of respiration is used only by the upper part of the lungs - the smallest largest, therefore there is a much smaller amount of air into the lungs than the one that can accommodate the lungs. The diaphragm, moving up, is also not sufficient freedom and space for its movement. According to yoga, this breathing method is undesirable for a person who wants to be healthy, so such breathing is not used in respiratory gymnastics.

Average breathing. This breathing method is also known as the "rib" or "intercostal" and, although not so harmful to human health, as an upper breathing, is considered to be much less effective than the full breathing of yoga, and, accordingly, is also not an element of respiratory gymnastics . With an average breathing, the diaphragm rises up, and the intestine is drawn inside. The ribs are somewhat spread somewhat, and the chest, respectively, expands.

With the lower yoga breath, the lungs have more freedom of action than at the top and middle breathing, and, therefore, can accommodate a larger air volume. Thus, the upper breathing fills the air only the upper part of the lungs, the average - only the middle and, partially, the upper, and the lower breathing is the middle and lower parts of the lungs.

Full yoga breathing combines the advantages of all three types of breathing - upper, middle and lower. It leads to movement of the entire breathing apparatus of the lungs, each of their cells, every muscle of the respiratory system. Thus, the full breathing of yoga allows you to get a maximum of benefit with minimal energy costs. It is this kind of breathing that underlies the respiratory gymnastics and breathing science in yoga.

Parter's gymnastics

We constantly make a lot of movements: we go, we run, we lend something and carry from place to place, squat, stretch for something, driving a car, and so on. But all these movements do not add health - they are narrowly monitored and monotonous, we tire specific muscle groups, with time weakening them.

This is "hypodynamia", i.e., "failing": the absence of regular, competent physical exertion, strengthening the body as a whole, supporting performance and well-being, lightness in the body and sufficient mobility of the joints, elasticity of bundles and muscular tone.

Purpose of party gymnastics:

ü studying of various muscle groups;

ü Improving the trophic of intervertebral structures;

ü Increasing the mobility of the joints;

ü Stimulation of normal operation of respiratory and cardiovascular systems.

Types of medical gymnastics:

ü Adaptive (lightweight option, slow);

ü Basic (advanced complex, middle pace);

ü Special thematic programs (taking into account specific pathology).

Balance gymnastics

One of therapeutic and preventive programs for children and adults, which the rehabilitation laboratory offers, is gymnastics, developing balance and improving movement coordination. It is a complex of movements with elements of hippotherapy. In this case, the ball serves as a simulator that replaces the horse. When performing certain movements, low-frequency oscillations are based on it, the same as with therapeutic riding riding. Impacting deep muscular-binder structures, they give an excellent therapeutic effect.

The main factors and goals of the gymnastic part of the program are as follows:

ü The use of low-frequency oscillations passively obtained by the patient when performing exercises on the ball, to remove the spasm of deep short muscles of the spine and restore disturbed motor stereotypes;

ü teaching balancing on the ball, transfer body weight in a given position, synchronization of movements;

ü eliminating the rigidity of the thrust muscles with the restoration of the volume of movements in the hip joints.

In the structure of the program, a certain place is given to training control over its body. For this, the experience of Hatha Yoga is used - performing certain poses (asanes) and respiratory control (pranayama). By the way, the balls found decent use in this part of the program.

Classes with children

If we talk about classes with children, they pursue quite traditional, but extremely important goals:

ü Prevention of muscle failure and posture disorders;

ü Improving the coordination of movements, correction of incorrect motor stereotypes;

ü Prevention of development of flatfoot;

ü Prevention and treatment functional disorders from many organs and systems; (headaches, dyskinesia biliary tract, frequent or chronic inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, vegetionism, weakening of immune protection mechanisms, status after injury, etc.);

ü Teaching children to work on the ball in order to further use the skills gained in class at home.

Children over 15 years old and adults.

Therapeutic program for this age group using gymnastic balls and additional gymnastic equipment has the following objectives:

ü decompression of intervertebral structures

ü restoration of muscular corset

ü Strengthening ligament structures

ü Increasing the mobility of the spine

ü Restoration of the volume of movements in the joints

ü Improving the functionality of cardiovascular and respiratory systems

ü Prevention osteoporosis

ü overall strengthening of immunity

ü psycho-emotional rehabilitation

The gymnastic ball has long become a universal favorite. Many families first got acquainted with him when preparing for childbirth: schools for future parents use it in their classes. With the advent of the baby's house, the ball helps mom recover after delivery, actively strengthen the press, as well as part with extra kilograms. Dads also do not remain aside. After a busy day, it's nice to hoisen on the ball of my legs, sitting on the sofa in front of the TV ... or worked with a computer, unload the back, recreated on the ball. By the way, it would be good in a habit.

But to begin with, it is useful to undergo a course of classes to use the surveyed skills in everyday life. Do not wait for such a step to pushed health problems.

Gymnastic exercise programs

Structuring classes to maintain physical form, weight loss and well-being.

ü "Body Bars" - gymnastics with sticks

ü Oriental gymnastics

ü Pilates.

ü mini gym for children.

ü Morning plus "School of Foot"

ü Morning plus "Play - Balans"

Program "Body-Bars"

using modern, weighted gymnastic sticks.

Two varieties of the program (respectively, the degree of preparedness):

Corrigative gymnastics - "Stick-Bars"

The initial stage of classes, preparation of respiratory and cardiovascular systems, exercises for posture correction, moderate pace.

Power gymnastics - "Power-Bars"

The basis of the program - various exercises with weighted sticks (their weight is selected depending on the degree of preparedness - usually from 1 kg to 6 kg), in combination with elements of step aerobics. This type of training will help increase endurance, allow the muscles to become more elastic. You can engage in a force version of the program as men and women. Accent on exercises for strengthening and developing muscles of the shoulder belt, back and press!

The duration of the program is 60 minutes.

Gymnastics for pregnant women

If pregnancy proceeds safely, without complications, then the daily execution of simple physical exercises (gymnastics) is a mandatory component to maintain consistently well-being of a pregnant woman and creating optimal conditions for the development of the fetus.

A pregnant woman needs gymnastics !!!

During pregnancy, the woman's body is doubly intensively: the state of the fetus is directly dependent on the physical and mental well-being of the future mother. Performing a small series of exercises, with a given number of repetitions, a woman helps the body to cope with a double load. A similar concern for oneself improves the function of the respiratory system and activates the work of the heart and blood vessels, ensures the delivery of the necessary nutrients and oxygen for the growth and development of the future baby, and other products of the fetus metabolism are in a timely manner.

Contraindications for gymnastics

ü threat of interrupting pregnancy or premature births;

ü bleeding;

ü High pressure.

It should be noted: not even having listed contraindications, start daily lessons after a conversation with a doctor.

Eastern gymnastics

Eastern gymnastics is effective method Strengthening health.

The great importance of the cornea of \u200b\u200bancient medicine was given moderation in food, a reasonable lifestyle, personal hygiene and exercise. It was believed that peace of mind was taken in motion and that the spiritual equilibrium and the will of a person was inextricably linked with his physical activity. Intellectual and physical activity is a guarantee of strengthening the body's protective forces and prevent premature aging.

The basic exercises of Okinawan karate are included in the eastern gymnastics.

Eastern gymnastics contributes:

ü Development of flexibility and strength.

ü Development of coordination of movements.

ü Enhance immunity.

ü doing oriental gymnastics, you:

ü Enhance your vital tone.

ü Remove negative emotions.

ü Make your body slim.

Provide the prevention of diseases of the musculoskeletal system, respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous and urogenital body systems.

The duration of the lesson is 90 minutes. Visit mode - no less than 1 time per week.

Eastern gymnastics is suitable for both men and women, any age.

Pilates is ...

Gymnastic programs "Pilates" occupy one of the leading places in popularity and attendance among the clients of health and sports centers.

The initial and average level of complexity, all movements are carried out on the floor, on the rug: the skills of owning specific groups of muscles, teaching the technique of breathing, analysis of their own sensations, moderate pace.

Working on a "Pilates" system, you ...

ü strengthen the muscles;

ü seek greater elasticity of ligaments;

ü gradually become slimmer and balanced;

ü rejuvenate the body as a whole, stimulating biochemical processes;

ü please yourself with new results.

Objective:

Achieving flexibility, harness and plasticity, as well as the removal of fatigue and psychological relaxation.

Mini gymnastics for children.

The general physical development of kids is a question that has to solve any family.

The correct approach to systematic classes is formed by the kids from the first attempts to perform even elementary exercises. That is what we will try to teach babies in the lessons of mini-gymnastics!

We call these exercises, first of all, because their goal is to achieve the first positive results on general physical training, to teach the kids to coordinated movement, to acquaint with the most elementary exercises.

And the fascination of this training session give music, funny games and competitions, beautiful multi-colored balls and mastery of an instructor as a teacher.

We have not forgotten about such an important detail as a psychological comfort: surrounding the situation, music, fresh air access, lack of a rush, tolerance for errors, alternation of periods of work and recreation. ...

The duration of the lesson of mini-gymnastics is 30 minutes.

Morning plus "School of Foot"

For children and adults

Morning 30-minute lesson will help you charge vigor and positive mood for the whole day!

Exercises for strengthening the muscles and ligaments of the foot and legs - especially persistently recommended for those who have come across the problem of fatigue in the legs, who are constantly behind the wheel or wear high-heeled shoes!

Those who work standing

Do not be afraid more often climb.

If, by the nature of your classes, you are on my feet - stand up for the counter, work a hairdresser or teach at school, then you have long loads on your spine daily. Therefore, by the evening - the back is very tired and hurts. Help the spine how to relax.

A. From time to time, rely on anything either by foot or hand. Especially useful for our back to put one leg on a higher surface, for example, a small step or a low stool.

B. Besides other things, it is almost always possible to learn about the furniture or railing. And it is convenient for you, and the spine will become much easier. Try, and feel relief.

Do not forget about posture

Take care of the back of overloads.

Those who often hurt and lower back should follow posture to avoid unwanted loads.

A. Right. Garden tools must have long pens that will allow you to keep the back strain, then the load will be distributed evenly. The back will not hurt at all, even if you spent all day at work.

B. Wrong. When you work in a garden, be sure to keep your back straight. If your agricultural tools have uncomfortable short handles, you all have a low bending low, and this is an excess load on intervertebral discs. Already in the evening will greatly break back and lower back.

Do not overload back

Get up and sit down correctly.

It is very important, especially for people, a lot of time spent in a sitting position, learn to sit down correctly and get up. In this case, the back will not experience unnecessary overloads and root. In no case do not fall in the chair or on the sofa. Intervertebral discs are very sensitive - with sudden sharp movements, they can be damaged. Do not sit for a long time in the same pose. Try at the moment when you sit down or get up, you must certainly leap hands about armrests or hips so as not to load intervertebral discs.

Want to be tightened and slender?

Swing the press and stomach will be flat.

These simple exercises will help you cheer up and recharge your energy for the whole day, strengthen your leg muscles and belly, feel attractive.

A. Lie on the back, feet tightly to the floor. Tension muscles and lift the body. Hold in this intense posture for a few seconds. Performing an exercise, breathe deeply and evenly. Then relax a little.

B. Now, take off the body from the floor gradually, feeling how eats each muscle, each vertebra. At the same time, try to press chin to the bottom of the neck. Hold up for a while and return to the starting position. Repeat the exercise at least ten times. If you do not be lazy and perform gymnastics every morning, then after 2-3 weeks you just do not know.

Thin waist

Put the legs on the width of the shoulders, the feet are turned outward, the hands are crossed behind the head. The housing is slightly tilt forward, and then alternately tighten into the right, then to the left.

Elastic hips and buttocks

Jump in one place, turning the hips and the torso in opposite to each other.

Stretching muscles

Make a step step forward. The knee of another leg is lowered as low as possible, almost touching the floor.

Strong legs

Lying on the right side, go on your hand. Legs slightly bent in the knees. Left leg rotate first inside, knee to the knee, then outward, heel to the heel. Repeat, lying on the other side.

Medical physical education for kids

Kangaroo balls

The Kangaroo Ball (Ball-Pumphouse) with horns - for active games and medical physical education, helps to form the right posture of children, strengthen the back muscles, develop the vestibular apparatus.

Moving games and classes on the Kangaroo mead contribute to the general physical development and help in the correction of posture in children. Jumping on the "sparkler" ball, the child will have to observe the balance, moving the center of gravity and involving such groups of muscles in motion, which under normal conditions are not involved. It helps to develop the coordination and feeling of equilibrium, strengthen the muscular corset, optimize the motor activity of children. The kangaroo ball is wonderful for a newborn massage. Diameter 50 and 60 cm.

Massage balls

Massage balls are designed for massage and reflexotherapy of all parts of the body, improve blood circulation. Massage rollers are perfectly suitable for foot massage, affecting the points responsible for the condition of the whole organism.

The needle surface of the ball improves blood flow and stimulates blood circulation, affecting nervous endings. The diameter of massage balls is 7 cm, 8 cm, 9 cm, 10 cm, 22 cm, massage roller - 15x7 cm.

"Jumping animals"

Jumping inflatable toys in the form of animals are not only a cheerful toy, but also a simulator for the development of muscles, coordination of movements and feelings of the child's balance.

Help to create a positive emotional background at home and in kindergartens, jumping inflatable beasts - Zebra, Pony, Dalmatian and deer. For them, children can sit and jump, master new types of movements, strengthening the muscles of the pelvis and legs. Are simultaneously simulators and cheerful toys.

Gymnastic balls

The gymnastic ball (orthopedic ball, phytball) is a universal simulator for all muscle groups, helps to develop flexibility, correct the posture, relieves the feeling of "fatigue" in the back. Indispensable in fitness, medical physical education, for rehabilitation, you can just sit on the ball.

The main function of the ball is to remove the burden on the spine and unload the joints. When performing exercises on the ball, which springs, deep muscle structures are involved.

The balls are made of high-strength PVC material (plastisol), designed for loads up to 1000 kg (phytballs with an anti-suspension system ABS) are suitable for classes with weights, dumbbells. Diameter 45 cm, 55, cm, 65 cm, 75 cm, 85 cm.

Gymnastic balls can also be used with newborns massage.

Medical gymnastics (physical education):

Ø for spinal diseases (osteochondrosis and scoliosis)

You have so many years as your life trunk is moving - spine.

(From the article of Professor I. Andreeva)

"Special attention should be paid to the spine after forty years ....". Before that, preferably in childhood, eliminate relatively rude post-traumatic (postpartum) changes than you will help the body in the future to regulate the state of health.

One of the paradoxes of a person's life is that in his youth, when the exchange processes and so good, he enjoys physical education, and after 30 years it prevails a desire to lie on the couch, the muscular tone we charge to raise, at best, a massage.

And the reason for the lack of desire to engage in physical education according to our observation is that the "pumping" of an arbitrarily chosen muscle group, destroys the developed optimal motor stereotype (the ability without discomfort to carry its own body in space), and this causes long pain in the muscles and joints.

How can a person can engage in exercise, after which he gets worse! And after 35-40 years old, it is necessary! But the classes for maintaining the flexibility of the life of life - the spine must be started after receiving the recommendation from the vertebrol specialist, what exercises do, how to do them that we can feel during the execution, and so on.

After all, after 30 years, the body's condition changes - the height of the intervertebral disks is reduced, which affects the energy supply and muscles, and joints, and internal organs. According to observations, even sports doctors are not aware of these age-related changes and conduct their classes without taking into account changes in the spine.

§ osteochondrosis

Osteochondrosis is a disease in which the degeneration of intervertebral disks occurs. One of the causes of degeneration of discs is their insufficient nutrition, which, in turn, is a consequence of a weak physical activity of a person. The power of the disks is carried out using the muscles of the back, respectively, if the muscles do not work - the nutrients in the disks are practically not received. At the same time, the underdevelopment of the muscular corset, which should take part of the load with intervertebral discs, is also the cause of osteochondrosis.

One of the methods of treating and preventing osteochondrosis is the healing gymnastics. According to the results of the voting on the website of Osteo. *****, most people got rid of pain in the back and osteochondrosis with its help.

In case of studies of therapeutic gymnastics, blood circulation in the muscles and metabolism is improved, as well as the medical gymnastics develops muscle corset and has a tonic effect on the patient's psyche.

For each of the spine sections, there is a set of exercises, but there are certain requirements and recommendations that should be observed anyway.

1. If osteochondrosis is complicated by the hernias of intervertebral disks, only those exercises that are appointed by your doctor should be performed as some movements can lead to detrimental consequences.

2. All exercises must be performed slowly, that is, no sharp movements.

3. The load increases gradually (weight, number of times, number of approaches, etc.)

4. The movement is performed until light pain appears, not further.

6. Exercises should develop muscle without load on intervertebral discs.

In the prevention and treatment of spinal osteochondrosis, systematic classes with special medical gymnastics are essential.

Before proceeding to independent studies with medical gymnastics, it is necessary to consult with a specialist (neuropathologist, orthopedist-traumatologist, physical physical physician).

You can do therapeutic gymnastics at any time of the day. Very useful in the morning immediately after sleeping to perform several exercises, then make the morning toilet and continue the exercise according to the prescribed doctor and the Methodist of the LFC complex.

Clothing during exercise should be light, not constrainting movements, but also without allowing supercooling. Best - woolen training suit.

It must be remembered:

The appearance of pain during the exercise is performed is a signal to a decrease in the amplitude of the exercise, their intensity or to complete the termination of their implementation.

In order for the treatment of medical gymnastics to bring the greatest benefit, follows:

a) perform exercises daily;

b) perform exercises diligently, at a slow pace, not distorting an unauthorized form, speed and intensity of the exercises performed;

c) when performing exercises do not delay their breath;

d) periodically consult with the doctor, without hiding his ailments from him.

For the prevention of osteochondrosis

Therapeutic physical education is the best remedy for pain.

If you often have a spin from fatigue or after lifting weights, it means that you, a weak breast spine. Loads are contraindicated. For prophylaxis, engage in therapeutic physical education. These exercises will help strengthen the spine and remove pain in this area.

A. Take the starting position: Lie on the stomach and pull your hands at right angles to the body. Forehead press to the floor. Consider the flooring for classes should be quite tough.

B. Now tear your hands from the floor and delay in this intense position for about 5-7 seconds. Then lower your hands. Relax a bit and repeat the exercise several times. It's good to do such charging not only in the morning, but in the evening.

§ Skoliosis

Scoliosis (Scoliosis; Greek. Skoliosis curvature) - side curvature of the spine.

Most often acquired (5-15 years), but it happens and congenital. The wrong pose of children during classes leads to uneven load on the spine and the back muscles.

The disease begins with the weakness of the muscles of the back, poor posture, protruding blades. In the future, there is a change in the vertebrae themselves and their ligaments, i.e., a resistant lateral curvature is formed. It may be a consequence of the suffered rickets, long asymmetric loads on the back muscles. The vertebra's fracture may result in scoliosis, its destruction by a painful process (osteomyelitis, tuberculosis, syphilis). Scoliosis can be formed during the paralysis of the abdominal muscles, backs, supporting the spine (eg, with polio). In shortening one leg, a functional scoliosis may come. Clinically, you can highlight three stages.

The first: when the muscles are tightened, scoliosis appears, and after the rest, curvature disappears. The second stage: curvature is done constant, the mobility of the spine decreases sharply. The breast shape changes, the blade protrudes and becomes higher on the convex side of the chest scoliosis. At the third stage, the position of the internal organs changes, their function is hampered. Prevention much more effective treatment. Physical education and sports, the right posture of the child, the observance of labor and recreation, have great importance. Basically built on general-consistent and special gymnastic exercises under the supervision of the doctor. Sometimes the rising corset is recommended, and in the running cases - operational interventions.

For proper and beautiful posture

We will remove excessive tension from the muscles.

These exercises perfectly contribute to the harmonious work of the muscles, thereby preventing spasms and overstrain in them. It is recommended to do this gymnastics first of all those who suffer from osteochondrosis or suffer from pain in the back, lower back and in the neck area. If you sludge, you just need such charging.

A. Become on the left foot, right - slightly lift over the floor, bent in the knee. Hand keep freely omitted along the body or behind the back. Light jump change the support leg. Repeat 10-15 times.

B. Stank on the right leg, slightly bent it in the knee. Loose leg freely shake, as if describing it the circles. Then perform the same exercise by changing the position of the legs. Repeat.

Ø flatfoot

Flatfoot is the deformation of the foot, which is characterized by the flushing of its arches. There are longitudinal and transverse flatfoot.

Flatfoot more often occurs due to loads on the muscular-ligament apparatus of the foot. Often, flatfoot is observed in persons whose work is connected with a long stay on the legs. Factrops predispose to the development of the development are mainly underdevelopment of the connective tissue structures of the body (dysplasia), the weakness of the muscles of the legs, circulatory disruption and irrational shoes.

Early signs Flat-growing pain in the foot, leg muscles, hips, in lumbar region. Later, the deformation of the foot is observed, which lies in its elongation and expansion (molding) in the forefront to the complete disappearance of the arches. With severe degrees, the plane of the gait becomes clumsy, cured, with a wide layout of the legs and the vicious position of the stop. By evening, the swelling of the foot, disappearing overnight.

To prevent progression, flat-refining uses therapeutic gymnastics, massage of the plantar feet and the leg muscles. The set of exercises and self-massage is performed several times during the day. Start gymnastics with barefoot walking, then go to walking on socks and on the outer edge of the foot. In the sitting position, flexing the fingers of the foot, capture from the floor and shifting the fingers of the light of light items. Walking barefoot on the ground, sand, jumping, swimming (rabble), walking on skis. Gymnastics for children suffering from flatfoot should not consist of exercises that strengthen the muscles of the legs. Special exercises for the muscles stop and the legs should be used in conjunction with overall exercises in accordance with age. To prevent further omission of the longitudinal arch of the foot in the shoes inves a special insole - the supinator. In cases of combinations of longitudinal and transverse flatfoot, the supinator is complemented by the so-called layout of the transverse arch, lifting the front of the foot, and the special coupling of the front stop. With pronounced flatfoot, special orthopedic shoes are recommended. In severe cases of transverse flatfoot, the deformation correction is performed using reconstructive operations at the forefront.

Strengthen the weak muscles of the legs

Don't you like your figure? It seems that the muscles of the legs are flabby, and hips are slightly wide? Then do not be lazy and do these exercises daily. Very soon you will stop disturbing such problems.

A. Become opposite the walls, silent into it with your hands, put forward one leg a little ahead. Now slightly bend in your knee standing ahead and turn the pelvis as close as possible to the wall. Tighten the stomach, the back should be straight. Make the exercise five times, every time changing the support leg.

B. Become on the left foot and make your left hand in the wall. Right hand Tighten the right foot to the buttocks until you feel the slight stress in the thigh. Tighten your stomach again and do not hurt. Exercise Follow five times by changing the leg.

These exercises contribute to the harmonious work of the muscles of the whole body and especially well strengthen the muscles of the legs. But strong legs are the best support for our spine. Each exercise is 4 times.

A. Before the table (its cover should be at the pelvis level) and put a slightly bent foot on the edge. Then try to straighten your leg and pull the fingers of the foot on yourself. Tighten your belly, back straight. Stay in this position for a few seconds. Change your leg and repeat the exercise.

B. Lying on the back, lift the stretched leg up, supporting her hands. Hold in such a posture for a few seconds, relax. Raise your leg again, but now pull it out as close as possible to your head. Relax and exercise on the other legs.

Ø Hypertension

Hypertension (Greek. Hyper - + Tonos Voltage) is a common disease characterized by an increase in blood pressure and a violation of the tone of vessels of different areas (more often than the brain), which has a tendency to progression.

Three stages distinguish hypertensive disease. At the beginning of the disease (stage I), the health of the patient may remain satisfactory, but due to unrest, overwork, the change in the weather, headaches appear, the severity in the head, dizziness, the feeling of tides to the head, insomnia, heartbeat. With the transition of hypertensive disease in the II stage, such states are observed more often, often occur and proceed in the form of crises. In the third stage of hypertension, symptoms of persistent disorders of the function of organs caused by their diffuse lesion (nephrosclerosis, retinal sclerosis, etc.) or sclerosis foci due to ischemic infarction, hemorrhages are joined.

In any stage of hypertension, a sudden sharp increase in blood pressure (hypertensive crisis) may occur periodically, leading to acute heart failure or accompanied by brainwater disorders, coronary insufficiency, etc. In patients with severe atherosclerotic change of vessels it is possible to develop a stroke, myocardial infarction.

As well as medical treatment Hypertensive diseases are used by therapeutic gymnastics, which is prescribed individually taking into account the stage of the disease and the overall state of the patient. Hiking is also very useful.

Ø Medical physical education for diseases of the digestive

"Movement can replace in its action.

any means, but all therapeutic agents

peace cannot replace traffic actions. "

Therapeutic physical culture is an integral part of general physical education and one of the most important methods. comprehensive treatment patients with peptic disease as well effective tool Warning of exacerbations with proper construction of classes and the whole complex.

The disease suppresses and disorganizes the motor activity - the indispensable condition for the normal formation and the functioning of any living organism. Therefore, the FFC is a very important element of treating ulcerative processes.

With regular performance of physical exercises, as in the process of physical training, energy reserves are gradually increasing, the formation of buffer compounds increases, the organism is enriching enriched with enzyme compounds, vitamins, potassium and calcium ions. This leads to the activation of redox processes and to an increase in the stability of acid-alkaline equilibrium, which in turn is favorably reflected on the border of the ulcer defect (influence on the trophic and regenerative potency of tissues of the gastrointestinal tract).

The effect of physical exercises is determined by their intensity and use time. Small and moderate muscular voltages stimulate basic functions gastrointestinal tractWhen as intense - oppress.

There is a beneficial effect of the imbon on blood circulation and breathing, which also expands the functionality of the organism and increase its reactivity.

Contraindications to classes include:

ü Fresh ulcer in the acute period.

ü ulcer complicated by bleeding.

ü Experimental state.

ü ulcers complicated by stenosis in the decompensation stage.

ü Fresh massive paraprocesses for penetration.

LFC When applied to patients with ulcerative disease, health influence is carried out in the following directions:

ü influence the settlement of the processes of excitation and braking in the cerebral cortex; on the strengthening of cortic-visceral innervation and alignment of the coented disorders of vegetative innervation. Improve the agreed functioning of blood circulation systems, respiration and digestion.

ü, by the right organization of the mode of movements, exercise and passive recreation, influence the settlement of the neuropsychic sphere of the patient.

ü Improve the redox processes in all organs, contribute to the normal flow of trophic processes.

ü counteracting violations of the functions of the digestive apparatus having to be peptic disease (constipation, loss of appetite, stagnant phenomena, etc.).

The principle of individualization when using therapeutic physical education under this disease is required.

Woven exercise training

Assign after the disassemble and exacerbation phenomena disappearance in the absence of complaints about the main signs of the disease occasionally with the overall condition improvement. Dates of the destination - after 20-26 days.

Target installation. Restoring the adaptation of the patient to the extended mode loads. Increasing stimulation of exchange processes, the impact on the settlement of the processes of excitation and braking in the cerebral cortex, the impact on the normalization of vegetative functions. Fighting stagnant in abdominal cavity. Promoting regenerative processes in the gastrointestinal tract.

Characteristics of used physical. Exercises. From the initial positions lying, on the side, etc., gradually expand the movements to the total amplitude for large joints in a slow and middle pace. Include exercises for all abdominal press muscles, performed at a slow pace with the limitation of amplitude and with the exception of sharp movements.

Gradually increases (approximately 40-50% of max.) And the intensity of performing exercises for resistance for the muscles of the shoulder belt and interrochel muscles in order to reflectically affect the digestive organs in segments D 6-9. You can apply dumbbells weighing up to 2-4 kg, stuffed balls weighing no more than 2-3 kg, exercises on sports shells. To combat stagnant phenomena, a good effect is given in diaphragmal breathing from various source positions, which is brought to a large depth, alternating with infant and full breathing; It also helps more frequent shift and. p., exercises, games and loads when complicated them. Gradually, the classes include complicating exercises. The density of classes remains no higher than the average.

Walking is brought to 4-5 km per day. With general well-being and the absence of pain, games with the ball (volleyball, etc.) are allowed, taking into account individual reactions with a duration of no more than 25-35 minutes. Turning on to the course of various types The games contribute to maintaining interest and increases the products of positive emotions in general physical exertion.

In the course of the entire course, it is necessary to indicate students to positive shifts achieved in its state and physical development, to inspire that disorders from the stomach are insignificant and easily corrected (psychological impact).

The LFC is effective only under the condition of long, systematic conduct of classes with a gradual increase in the load both in each of them and throughout the course. A coach must also know, and the student to achieve the appropriate results.

Strict sequence in increasing the load and its individualization are basic conditions when conducting all classes. It should take into account the state, the reaction of the engaged, the features of the clinical course, concomitant diseases and physical disease. Preparation of students.

It is also important: Other: engaged in physical exercises, the patient itself actively participates in the medical and wellness process, and this is beneficial effect on his psycho-emotional sphere.

Classes have and educational significance: students get used to systematically perform exercise, it becomes its everyday habit. LFC classes are moving in general physical education, becoming the need of a person and after recovery.

Healing Physical Culture for Gastritis

It is also advisable to include therapeutic physical culture in opposition. Physical culture affects the entire organism toning, improves the metabolism, normalizes nervous reactions, changes intra-abdominal pressure, improves blood circulation in the abdominal cavity.

Therapeutic physical culture for patients with chronic gastritis, which flows with secretory failure should be moderate and aimed at strengthening the abdominal press muscles, a constructive. Walking, as well as dosage walking.

In patients with elevated secretion, the load in classes should be significantly greater - at the level of the submaximal capacity of the work, but the number of exercises for the abdominal press muscles should be limited and they must be carried out with moderate load. With a combination diet nutritionThe reception of mineral water and therapeutic physical education is most appropriate in chronic gastritis with increased secretion digestive glands Mineral water to drink in front of physical education, and eat food in 15--20 minutes after classes.

With gastritis with reduced secretion, drink mineral water follows after physical education in 15--20 minutes before meals.

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Lg-the main form of application of the exhibition of LFK. It is possible to use a large selection of FIZ UPR, you can use at any age, in almost every disease and in any conditions, in the ward, bed, in the Cabinet of the LFC, in water.

The LG procedures are carried out by individual, small group and group methods.

Individual classes are used with the general serious condition of the patient, with paresses and paralymps, pronounced deformation and injuries, in children under 1 year.

Malo group (3-5 people) and group methods (8-15 people), while the groups are selected with the same disease, to localize injury.

22. Methods for assessing the impact of the exercise of the exercise. Definition and characteristics of the physiological load curve.

The methods of medical and pedagogical assessment include observation of the common state of the patient, the activities of cardiovascular, respiratory systems, functional diagnostic methods, anthropometric measurements, as well as history (survey). According to medical-pedagogical observations (with the study of the pulse, the frequency of breathing and blood pressure), the overall load on the patient's body in exercise classes is revealed. Based on this data, physiological load curve is built, Which, with the right methodical approach, is characterized by a gradual increase, the maximum rise to the middle of the main part of classes and decline by the end of the final part. The nature of the physiological curve depends on the period of occupation, the functional state of the patient, the individual response of the body on physical exertion. For the effectiveness of the effect of physical exercises on the patient's body, functional and diagnostic methods can be used. Thus, in the trauma clinic, it is anthropometric measurements (the circumference of the limbs at different levels, dynamometry, goniometry), electromyography, motonometry, etc., with diseases of the cardiovascular system - electrocardiography, study of blood pressure, pulsometry, etc.

23. Polling the preparation of the procedure for therapeutic gymnastics procedure and complexes of physical Exhibitions. The main sections, their content.

For the implementation of the exercise, the classes of classes (procedures) are made in which partitions, content of sections, dosage, target installation (section tasks) and methods of indicating, there is no transference of the UPR, and it is indicated which their existing classification should be applied.

In accordance with the scheme, the complex is made to indicate the IP, the description of the UPR, its dosage and methods of instructions.

When drawing up a complex of physical executions, it is necessary to take into account the diagnosis of the disease, the physical development and the degree of the preparedness of the patient, its gender, age, profession. The pace, the number of repetitions, amplitude of movements, the duration of the complex is indicated. It is envisaged to gradually increase the load in the introductory part, the multiple character of the load curve in the main and gradual decrease in its decrease in the part. The volume of the methodological material LG must correspond to the motor regime of patients.

24. Terrekur. Dosage walking and running as a form of exercise. Characteristic, load dosing .

Terrenkur (Medical Walking) - one of the Forms of the LFC, which is carried out by natural physical exercise (walking on a specific route). Terrekur is carried out in natural natural conditions, in the fresh air, which contributes to hardening, an increase in physical endurance, the normalization of psycho-emotional activities.

Dosage walking As a form of exercise, applied at all stages of treatment. Speed \u200b\u200bwalking is subdivided: walking with a walking step with a pace of up to 40 steps in min, slow 50-80 steps in min, middle 80-100 pitch in min, fast up to 120 pitch in min and very fast 120-140 steps in min.

Wellness Run (jogging) is used in alternation with walking and breath of UPR, as well as in the form of a continuous and long run.

25. Tasks and maintenance of morning hygienic gymnastics and an independent way of conducting classes like FDC Forms.

Since the body after sleep has not yet completely switched to the state of active wakefulness, the use of intensive loads in the morning gymnastics is not shown at least at the beginning of the classes. It is not advisable to bring the body to the state of pronounced fatigue to the state of expressed fatigue, as this will adversely affect mental and physical performance during the day.

The main tasks are solved with the help of exercises of the morning charging

Eliminate some consequences of sleep (swelling, lethargy, drowsiness, etc.)

Increase the tone of the nervous system

Strengthen the operation of the basic systems of the body (cardiovascular, respiratory, system of the domestic secretion glands and others)

The solution to these tasks allows smoothly and at the same time to quickly increase the mental and physical performance of the body and prepare it for the perception of significant physical and mental stresses, often found in the life of a modern person.

As a result of the competent execution of the complex the morning gymnastics, the optimal excitability of the nervous system is created, the work of the heart is improved, the blood circulation and breathing increases, which ensures increased supply of nutrients and oxygen to cells. After a good charge, the feeling of drowsiness, lethargy, weakness is disappeared, mental and physical performance, activity, mood and well-being.

The physical exercises of the morning gymnastics contribute to an increase in the Lymph current, enhancing the circulation of the interstitial fluid, an increase in venous blood flow. This ensures the elimination of stagnant phenomena and eudes, often developing during sleep, especially in people of middle and old age.

Tilt, attacks, squats, turns, circular rotations in the joints can be attributed to the overall exercises.

It is advisable to start a complex of general masculine exercises (rotation in ankle, ray-bearing joints) and gradually increase the load, moving to medium muscular groups (muscles of the hands, muscles of the legs), and then to large muscle groups (body muscles). You can perform more movable UPRs (running, jumping, breathaf, UPR for the development of flexibility, walking).

25. The characteristics of motor regimens in the hospital .

Modes of motor activity in the conditions of a stationary clinical department. Bed strict (I). Indications: acute disease during the exacerbation of chronic disease.

Purpose: Ensuring physical and mental peace, maintaining the basic functions and mobilization of the body's protective forces, prevention of complications.

Characteristic: breathing exercises (static, dynamic and special), classic and segmental massage.

Methodical instructions: The transition to expansion of motor activity and an increase in physical exertion is performed under the condition of a favorable reaction of the body on the previous physical exertion.

Bed expanded (II). Indications: resolution of acute period or chronic disease.

Objective: Improving the function of the body, stimulating the external respiration, central nervous system, improving gas exchange processes and extracardial blood circulation factors.

Characteristic: UGH, l g, classic and segmental massage, breathing exercises are shown (the intensity of physical exertion is determined individually taking into account the reaction of cardiovascular and respiratory systems on physical activity).

Methodical instructions: A strict sequence is needed in the gradual expansion of motor activity and assignment of funds and Forms of the Flamm.

Chamber (III). Indications: noticeable improvement in the overall condition of the patient, explicit signs of continuing restoration of previously broken functions of the body.

Purpose: facilitating the restoration of the disturbed functions of the external respiration of blood circulation. Increase the tone of the central nervous system, mobilizing mental readiness to increase motor activity. Determination of the feasibility of rehabilitation treatment in the rehabilitation department.

Characteristic: UGH, LH, dosage wage, classic and segmental massage, chest self-massage, air hardening, work therapy is carried out in the ward (knitting, sewing, crafts from paper, etc.).

Methodical instructions: Expansion of motor activity is performed after determining the doctor a favorable patient's reaction to the previous set of exercises of therapeutic gymnastics, dosage, work therapy and hardening

Free (IV). Clinical picture: Residual phenomena of the impaired function of the respiratory organs, a pronounced improvement in adaptation to physical exertion.

Purpose: liquidation of disease phenomena. Adaptation of the body to physical exertion of everyday and laborious nature. Preparation of the patient for discharge and access to work.

In therapeutic institutions (hospital, clinic, etc.) exercise the procedures of the LFC with individual and group methods. Therapeutic gymnastics is assigned in the form of a course consisting of 10-30 procedures. Each procedure of therapeutic gymnastics consists of three sections: the introductory, main and final.

Introductory sectionprocedures make it possible to gradually prepare the organism of the patient to increasing physical exertion. Use breathing exercises and exercises for small and medium muscular groups and joints. For basic sectionthe training (general and special) effect on the patient's body is carried out. IN final periodby conducting breathing exercises and movements covering small and medium muscle groups and joints, the overall physical voltage is reduced.

Methods of conducting therapeutic gymnastics. When conducting therapeutic gymnastics, the following rules must be followed.

1. The nature of the exercises, physiological load, dosage and initial positions should be adequate general status The patient, its age features and condition of the training.

2. Exercise activities should affect the entire body of the patient.

3. The procedure must combine the general and special impact on the patient's body, so it must be used in it both the lining and special exercises.

4. In the preparation of the procedure, the principle of graduality and a sequence of increasing and reduced physical activity, withstanding the optimal physiological "curve" of the load.

5. When selecting and conducting exercises, it is necessary to alternate muscle groups involved in physical exertion.

6. In the medical course it is necessary to partially update every day and complicate the exercises used. In the LH procedure, 10-15% of the previous exercises should be introduced to ensure the consolidation of motor skills; At the same time, it is necessary to diversify and complicate the technique.

7. The last 3-4 days of treatment must be devoted to learning patients with gymnastic exercises recommended for subsequent lessons at home.

8. The volume of the methodological material in the procedure must correspond to the mode of movement of the patient.

Proper application Exercise provides for the distribution of physical exertion, taking into account its optimal physiological "curve". Under the latter, usually understand the dynamics of the organism's reactions to exercise throughout the procedure. The distribution of physical exertion in the LG procedures is carried out according to the principle of a multiple curve.

Source positions. In LH, there are three main source positions: lying (on the back, on the stomach, on the side), sitting (in bed, on a chair, on the couch, etc.) and standing (on all fours, with a support for crutches, "Manege", parallel Brux, back chair, etc.). For example, with respiratory diseases, you can perform exercises in the initial position lying, half a walk with a raised head end of the bed, sitting and standing. In case of damage to the tubular bones of the lower extremities (skeletal exhaust) exercises are performed in the initial position lying on the back.

Fundamentals of the LG technique. The LG technique is based on: a) didactic principles (visuality, availability, systematics of classes, gradualness and sequence of exercise, individual approach); b) the correct selection and determination of the extensive exercise; c) the optimal number of repetitions of each exercise; d) physiological pace of performing movements; e) adequacy of the power voltage of the patient's capabilities; e) the degree of complexity and rhythm of movement.

Intensity of exercise may be small, moderate, big and maximum. To exercise small intensityexercises include the coverage of small and medium muscular groups performed in a slow and middle pace, breathing exercises (static character) and exercises aimed at relaxing muscles. Exercises moderate intensityincrease in motion average (performed on average and fast pace) and large (performed in slow and middle pace) muscle groups and joints. Use breathing exercises (dynamic nature), exercises with gymnastic objects, sedentary games. The duration of the reducing period is 5-7 minutes. Exercises big intensitycharacterized by the involvement of more muscle groups and joints, are performed on average and fast pace (exercises on gymnastic shells, with burden and resistance, fast walk, running, jumping, games, etc.). The duration of the reducing period is more than 7-10 minutes. Exercises maximum intensity(Running at speed) in LH is used quite rarely.

Dosage of exercise in LG classes, it depends on the tasks of the treatment period, the characteristics of the course of the disease, the functionality of the body, the age of the patient and its training.

Local load provides mainly local exposure. This is the effect of physical exercises to normalize the tone of the muscles during the labels of the limbs.

Methods of conducting procedure LH. When conducting the procedure, the LH uses two methods - individual and group. The individual method is used in patients with restriction of motor activity due to severe condition due to the main disease or surgical intervention. An optional method is independent,a prescribed patient in cases where it is difficult to attend a medical institution regularly (as a result of various reasons) or when he graduated from inpatient treatment and is discharged for fake in outpatient or home. The group method is most common in medical institutions (Polyclinic, hospital, sanatorium-resort treatment). Selection of patients in groups should be made with orientation to the main disease and their functional state.

Full medical rehabilitation can be carried out with the complex use of physical and natural factors. Such an integrated approach in rehabilitation is most possible in the conditions of medical and health facilities, where there is a favorable climate, therapeutic mineral waters, therapeutic mud and the possibility of using a complex of informed physical factors.

Considering medical rehabilitation as a complex of endo- and exogenous measures aimed at eliminating changes in the body leading to a disease or contributing to its progression and taking into account the knowledge of pathogenetic disorders in asymptomatic periods of the disease, 5 stages of medical rehabilitation are distinguished: preventive, stationary, polyclinic, sanatorium resort and metabolic rehabilitation stage.

First stage called preventive the goal is to warn the development of clinical manifestations of the disease by correction of metabolic disorders. The events of this stage have two main directions. The first direction provides for the correction of functional disorders, mainly the exogenous effect of therapeutic factors, such as therapeutic physical culture, massage, climatotherapy, balneotherapy, peeloidorates. The second direction is the struggle with risk factors that provoke the progression of pathological changes in the body systems.

Second (Stationary) Stage of Medical Rehabilitation it provides for the measures to ensure the minimum (by volume) of the death of tissues as a result of the impact of the pathogenic agent, the optimal course of the reparative processes and the prevention of complications of the disease. This is achieved by traditional etiotropic and pathogenetic therapy, which is well lit in the medical literature. However, it would be wrong to believe that at the second stage of medical rehabilitation there are no rehabilitation processes. First of all, at this stage, the process of restitution is completed - the restoration of partially damaged structures with the restoration of their function. The alteration of cellular structures is a powerful incentive to the division of intact cells, which is observed in the first days near the lesion foci. The reduction process at this stage proceeds actively in the elimination of the etiological factor, the absence of intoxication, good blood supply to the zone of pathological focus, sufficient reserves of an energy and plastic material, balanced by water-salt metabolism, adequate reaction of enzymatic and hormonal systems. In case of insufficiency of reserves for recovery processes, dystrophic processes in cells are observed, up to their deaths, with an outcome in the functional failure of organs or systems.

Third stage of rehabilitation (Polyclinic ) must ensure the completion of the pathological process. For this, therapeutic measures are continuing to eliminate the residual phenomena of intoxication, microcirculation disorders, restoration of the functional activity of the body systems. A particular role at this stage plays a targeted physical culture in the mode of increasing intensity, an exo- and endogenous nature of the impact of preformed therapeutic factors. At the third stage of medical rehabilitation, the attention is paid to the attention of etiotropic therapy with the transfer of priorities for rehabilitation treatment. An important element of this stage of reducing treatment is gradually increasing, strictly dosed load of the affected organ or system, taking into account the volume and speed of the reparation process. The main goal of the activities is to begin the creation of structural and functional reserves undergoing organ aggression or systems.

Fourth sanatorium medical rehabilitation completes the step of incomplete clinical remission. Therapeutic measures of this stage should be directed to the translation of the stratum of remission to the resistant, to prevent the recurrence of the disease, as well as its progression. To implement these tasks, used mainly natural medical factorsaimed at normalizing microcirculation, an increase in cardiorespiratory reserves, stabilization of the functioning of nervous, endocrine and immune systems, gastrointestinal tract and urinary systems.

On the fifth (metabolic) the stage of medical rehabilitation are created for the normalization of structural-metabolic disorders that have been in the preclinical stage of the disease and preserved after the completion of the clinical stage. This is achieved by the long-term use of therapeutic physical culture, dietary correction, mineral waters, climatotherapy, balneotherapy courses. At this stage, all therapeutic factors should be used for a long time. For programs I and V stages of medical rehabilitation, it is necessary to preemptive use of physical and natural therapeutic factors that are familiar to humans, responses to them are enshrined genetically, when applied, it is usually no complications characteristic of drug therapy, so they can be used for long, courses And almost all life for restoring lost health, increasing the duration of the active longevity period and the formation of a stereotype of a healthy lifestyle.

Natural natural factors are widely used in the practice of LFC. This is a method of using specific properties. different types climate, as well as individual meteorological complexes and various physical properties Air Wednesday in therapeutic and preventive purposes. Hardeningit is one of the most used funds. The purpose of hardening is to achieve a rapid adaptation of the body to changing environmental conditions. Hardening can be carried out to low or high temperatures, reduced atmospheric pressure, increased solar radiation, etc. The obligatory principle under its conduct is the gradual increase in the intensity of impact. This principle must be followed regardless of which factor is carried out training the body. It is necessary to smoothly change the temperature of the medium, exposure time, a change in atmospheric impact, etc. The second principle is the requirement to influence the body portions that are usually hidden by clothing.

Special climatic influences include aerial and helotherapy, cold procedures, thalassotherapy, speleotherapy. Aerotherapy- Air treatment, provides for the maximum stay in the fresh air - in the forest, by the sea, in the park and other places that are not exposed to pollution. According to the teachings of Chizhevsky, there are few aeroions in the premises, and the aeroions are especially negative, the organism is necessary for normal operation. It is useful to sleep outdoors, walks, games.

Sunbath.The physico-biological effect of sunlight per person is due to ultraviolet, visible and infrared components, differing from each other by physical properties and photobiological effect. Ultraviolet rays have the greatest biological effect on many exchange processes, immunity, organs and systems. Infrared rays, penetrating relatively deep into tissue due to thermal impact, contribute to the expansion of arterioles, prokapillars and capillaries and increase the intensity of the tissue exchange, activate the cardiorespiratory system.

Cold climatopic procedures. The dosage cooling of the body is easiest to be achieved by intake air baths. The larger the heat deficit (the difference between heat-product and heat transfer) during the procedure, the more intense effects of air baths. There are cold, cool and indifferent air baths. Air baths traine adaptation mechanisms for cold loads, improve mental and physical performance, the function of the endocrine glands.

Thalassotherapy- Literally the treatment by the sea - therapeutic use of sea bathing and climate of the sea coast. Under thalassotherapy, a whole complex of factors has an action: sea water of cool or cold temperature (thermal or chemical factors), aerosol of seawater salts, sea coasts, solar irradiation, irritation of biologically active zones, soles in the sea sand or pebbles.