When the optical eye system has a normal force, and the eye axis has an increased length, then this is the case of axial myopia.

The disease is taken to divide in degrees: weak or myopia 1 degree is characterized by loss of visual acuity to 3.0 diopters; With moderate myopia 2 degrees, this indicator increases to 6.0 diopters and high or myopia of 3 degrees characterized by loss of vision over 6.0 diopters.

By clinical flow The disease is usually stationary - an immanent. Usually, the refractive proceeds. Such myopia does not develop up to high degrees, does not cause significant changes in the eye day and does not require treatment, allowing you to achieve good sharpness of vision with corrective glasses.

The reasons

The formation of myopic refraction occurs due to the overvoltage and the development of false myopia, moving in time in the true one. In this case, heredity is of particular importance, especially when both parents revealed myopia. Common human diseases are able to cause weakening, which are stretched under the influence of pressure inside the eye. The weakness of the accommodation, plus a long-term vigilant voltage due to work at close range, can lead to a compensatory stretching of the axis eyeball. Adverse labor hygiene conditions (poor illumination) or reading on too closely provoke excessive convergence. And this, in its turn leads to squeezing the eye with outdoor muscles, which also contributes to an increase in the eye axis.

For clinical flow, the disease is usually stationary - an immanent.

Complications 1 degree of myopia

The elongation of the eye axis adversely affects the vascular shell and. The stretching of these structures causes trophic violations, the changes appear and the informed day. AT initial stage The disk may have a myopic, which increases with the progression of myopia and turns into the rear false stafilome - atrophic, large size of the choroid core, which surrounds the disk spectator nerve and comes to zone yellow spotsWhat causes a sharp decline in view. The progression of myopia 1 degree with its transition into a later stage of dystrophic chorioretinal changes can lead to retinal ruptures with its detachment. At the same time, it is possible to observe and complicated - turbidity, causing patient complaints to flying before your eyes.

Treatment

Correction of myopia 1 degree is carried out by scattering lenses. With such myopia, a complete correction is recommended. True, the points do not need to use constantly, they are applied as needed.

It's no secret that the period of pregnancy and childbirth is directly dependent on health future mommy and from what experienced doctors to be configured in the most important moment. Bypassing doctors is not the most exciting occupation, but still there is a need. So undeservedly deprived of the attention doctor ophthalmologist can put fatty point That natural childbirth is contraindicated. And all due to the fact that the pregnant woman was found myopia.

Visit to ophthalmologist as important? To prevent any complications with eyes during pregnancy and childbirth, you need to find out in advance how good vision is pregnant and there are no problems. Regardless, there are vision complaints, and there is deviations, there is absolutely every pregnant to visit the oculist in the period from 10 to 14 weeks of pregnancy. In parallel with the formal vision of vision, an eye examination is always performed after expanding the pupil. If no change is detected, the doctor will appoint the last inspection a month before the date of delivery.

If during the examination there are retinal breaks or its dystrophic changes, a prophylactic procedure can be carried out - laser coagulation. At the same time, pregnant should come to the examination monthly and in the event that the last inspection, a month before delivery, negative factors is not observed, the doctor will give the conclusion that the patient can give birth naturally.

Myopia eyes in pregnant women, especially on the last trimester, may not change in best side. A variety of pathological manifestations during pregnancy, such as early or late toxicosis, can increase myopia to 5 diopters. And the birth of a woman who has this deviation can cause the retinal detachment, which will subsequently lead to complete loss of vision. But this applies to those who have a high degree of myopia. Pregnant women with myopia 1 degree are not subject to this risk and this low-voltage disease does not carry a special threat. Nevertheless, the inspections of the oculist must be regular, because in each case the approach to the delivery of individual.

Symptoms and causes of myopia during pregnancy

The main symptoms of the development of myopia can be noted the impairment of vision when trying to see the items that are far away. If a woman awaiting a child knows about his problem, then she is familiar and symptoms that can disturb during the whole pregnancy. But it happens that pregnant for the first time experiencing certain manifestations, without understanding what it is connected with and why this happens.

What to pay special attention to and what is direct proof of myopia:

• appearance of outbreaks, flashing in the eyes;
• muddy vision of objects, the irregular form of their form;
• the eyes began to get tired quickly;
• the field of view narrowed;
• discomfort in the eyes;
• pain in the forehead and eyeballs, headache.

If these signs are often manifested and delivered inconvenience, even with the early absence of vision problems there is a need to visit the oculist.

The main cause of the development of the disease can be called the hereditary factor. But, in addition, myopia may arise due to the negative effect on the eyes, excessive loads, due to constant diseases or after the cranial injury.

During pregnancy, the development of myopia is manifested:

• In the process of pregnancy, especially in the last trimester, the elasticity of the tissues increases, therefore, previously emerged myopia of 1 degree can turn into serious problems, even the retinal detachment.
• The toxicosis-making toxicosis can reduce vision, the reasons for this may be an increased penetration of the lens, its curvature, which leads to an increase in the refractive capabilities.
• Bad heredity, and the risk is higher if both parents suffer from this disease.
• congenital anomalies of the organ of vision, it may be deforming the eyeball, its incorrect form.
• Imaginary myopia, may be the result of bad hygiene of view, these are the consequences of reading in a lying position, work in the semi-degenerate room. And if not to pay attention to this, then such myopia can be transformed into a true one.
• Head injuries, infectious and viral diseases.

Types of myopia and their effect on pregnancy

Distinguish the following degrees of myopia:

1. Myopia 1 degree during pregnancy absolutely does not affect the safety of the baby tool.
2. Myopia is 2 degrees without bright pronounced pathologies of pregnancy, in this situation, the root separation ends in a natural way.
3. Myopia is 3 degrees with the initial stage of dystrophic changes of the retina, and in this case, labor is naturally.
4. Myopia is a high degree and a pronounced retinal dystrophy, here, most likely, considering how the pregnancy and the condition of the eye bottom passed, the childbirth will be allowed using cesarean sections.

Dystrophic changes and retinal detachment The most common complication from the side visual organs During pregnancy and childbirth. But medicine stepped forward, and without hesitation can reveal and prevent possible risksRelated with eyes in pregnant.

Treatment and prevention of visual impairment

There are several methods to help fight and get rid of myopia 1 degree:

It is worth noting that owning information on some issues that are directly related to your health during pregnancy is a huge plus. But no less important fact is that right choice Doctor, and not only a gynecologist, but also shows the practice, ophthalmologist, will add confidence that no troubles threatening from myopia will not affect pregnancy and childbirth.

Treatment of myopia weak degree Method laser correction Helps restore the visual apparatus in full. Myopia, or on another myopia - defects of view, which arises as a result of pathological change eye leak. In this case, the image is focused not on the retina, but in front of it. Diseases of a weak degree does not allow clearly to see objects away. They are perceived unclear, and the outlines are blurred.

Symptoms and causes of the disease

Myopia can develop gradually or remain in constant form.

• In the first case, myopia every year aggravates the state and can lead to complete loss of vision.
• In the second - when performing certain rules, it is good to treat. The refractive properties of the eye are measured in diopters. For normal vision The data is equal to 1. With myopia, they acquire negative numbers.

Depending on the severity of the disease, 3 degrees of pathology are distinguished. The weak degree of myopia is the initial stage of the pathological process, when the results fluctuate from - 1.25 to -3 diopters. With an average, it is reached 6, with high - more than 6 diopters.

Myopia 1 degree is manifested by headaches and quick fatigue. Objects in the distance look blurry, without clear contours. A person begins to squint to bring the sharpness of the image. There is a desire to bring items with small inscriptions. Before your eyes there is a midges and flashes.

Often, weak myopia develops in children in adolescence. During the formation of the body from 7 to 12 years, there is an intensive load on vision associated with the beginning of the educational process.

• heredity, if the parents have a pathology of view, the likelihood of developing deviations in a child is great;
• lack of vitamins in the body due to improper nutrition;
• intensive eye loads with close contact with a computer, TV, reading and writing with poor lighting;
• chronic diseases;
• incorrect approach to the selection of lenses and glasses;
• raising intraocular pressure;
• injuries during childbirth;
• brain pathology;
• the reduced accommodation function, which leads to the elongation of the eyeball.

To avoid the development of the disease, it is necessary to diagnose pathology on early stages And spend a vision adjustment.

Diagnostics and adjustment

The diagnosis of myopia of a weak degree can only be delivered by a specialist after passing an integrated eye examination. Initially, the doctor conducts an inspection and checks the visual sharpness with the help of special tables.

The patient closes one eye and defines the specified letter on the tabular board. Depending on the size of the sign, the doctor puts the alleged diagnosis. Next ophthalmologist can designate research:

• biomicroscopy - diagnostics with a slit lamp;
• skiascopia - checking the pupil on the refraction of light;
• study of the Eye DNA;

Based on the analyzes, adjustments and treatment easy The degree of myopia. They are to apply glasses and contact lenses.

Glasses should be worn only as needed when reading or watching TV. When using these fixtures, the look is aimed forward, such an eye position does not affect the operation of the peripheral muscles and can lead to a decrease in vision.

The use of contact lenses becomes the optimal option. They wear directly on the eyeball and move simultaneously with the pupil, without preventing the work of all the necessary muscles.

Children's voice correction is carried out only after administration in the eye of atropine, which makes it possible to distinguish true myopia from a false disease. As a result of the action of the medication, an improvement in vision and the correction is appointed more accurately. After the diagnosis, an ophthalmologist will tell me how to treat myopy of a weak degree.

Treatment of lightweight myopia

Treatment includes the use of several methods of therapy, depending on the degree of progression of the disease. During the diagnosis of myopia, weak treatment is carried out conservative methods. The reception of vitamins are prescribed as healing drugs:

• And - promotes normal operation of the retina;
• B1 - regulates metabolism in the body;
• B2 - removes the eye voltage;
• ascorbic acid - contributes to strengthening the scool of the eyes;
• nicotinic acid - improves blood supply, expanding the vessels.

These drugs are released for intakes and as eye drops. To strengthen the vessels and walls of the structure of the organs of vision, drugs containing calcium are prescribed:

• Trental;
• Rutin;
• Calcium gluconate.

To prevent eye spasm, you use drops: Meston, Iriphin. Physiotherapeutic procedures help to stop the development of pathology.

The first degree myopia can be cured by the method of laser eye correction. This modern operation allows you to reduce corneal curvature with strong radiation. Correction gives back the pathology is weak and middle degrees severity. When preparing for the operation, a careful study of the state of the cornea of \u200b\u200bthe eye is carried out.

All data is entered into a computer that makes calculations of the operation. The procedure is carried out on the basis of the developed program, so the risk of error comes down to a minimum. The patient bury drugs to remove the sensitivity and expansion of the pupil, fix the head and eyelids and carry out the necessary insane corneals.

The operation lasts a few minutes, then the patient returns home. After the procedure, it is necessary to observe all the prescriptions of the doctor: drip antibiotics in the eyes, in the first days to sleep only on the back, abide by eye hygiene. Such manipulation allows you to cure myopia and restore eye dorms.

Prevention of myopia

Prevention is to apply a few simple rules and use. special exercises. If myopia of a weak degree of both eyes already exists, these events will help prevent its further development and improve the condition.

Prevention of myopia diagnosis of a weak degree lies:

• in compliance spectative hygiene: It is necessary to light well workplacenot reading at close range, moderately spend time for a TV and a monitor;
• at balanced nutrition: Recommend to use products containing eye vitamins;
• in the use of competently selected optics;
• in regular execution of gymnastics for the eyes;
• in alternating the regime of labor and recreation.

In addition, from an early age you need to teach a child at a distance of 30 cm All the subjects under consideration: drawings, books, pictures, etc. This not only contributes to the prevention of eye pathology, but also warn the development of spine diseases. Myopia arises primarily from overworking the eyes.

There are several easy exercises to remove fatigue. Gymnastics contributes to the normalization of metabolism in the eye muscle, improving its tone, increases blood circulation in the retina of organs of vision.

OI myopia can be prevented using the following exercises:

1. Sitting on a chair, tilt the head back and sacrificing the eyelids as much as possible for 5 seconds, then expand them, lingering for 10 seconds. Repeat 3-4 times.
2. Without raising the heads, make rotational movements with pupils clockwise and counterclockwise, repeat 2-3 times;
3. Standing on straight legs, pull hands forward, focus on the index finger and slowly bending and blending the elbow, tinging the finger to the tip of the nose. Repeat 3-5 times.
4. Going to the window, you need to select an object on the horizon and within 3-5 seconds peeled into it, then translate eyes to the window. Repeat 3-5 times.

Myopia of a weak degree of both eyes (or myopia) is a violation of vision, in which a person loses the ability to clearly see objects located away. Such pathology can manifest itself at any age, but the first symptoms of the disease are often manifested in children from 7 to 12 years. Myopia has an impact on the lifestyle of a person, determines the course of pregnancy. Optical devices are used to correct the visual acuity, surgical methods. The weak degree of myopia can be corrected by a special gymnastics, which is easy to do at home.

Physiology of view

The main role in the perception of the image, its transformation and the transfer of pulses in the brain is played by the retina. It is located on the back wall of the eyeball. Color reproduction of visual images regulate special cells: sticks and columns. Wands are less sensitive and "answer" for night vision. Three types of colums are located in the functional center of the retina - the yellow body. They capture red, blue and green spectrum colors.

Before you get on the retina, the image passes through the refractive system, which consists of:

• Horny shell (cornea). It also performs a protective function.
• The vitreous body, which occupies a greater half of the eyeball. It consists of water in which hyaluronic acid, proteins and electrolytes are dissolved.
• Lens, which looks like a bicon-like lens. In addition to refraction, it takes part in accommodation (the mechanism of focusing of view when viewed by objects that are at different removal from the eyes).
• Watering moisture. The significance of intraocular pressure depends on its level.

Crustal and cornea plays the main role in the urgency of view. When considering the subject near the musculature of the eye strains, the ability to refractive increases. When focusing on something, the muscles are relaxed, the lens acquires a complicated form, the refractive level decreases.

What happens during myopia?

With normal visual sharpness, the distance from the cornea to the rear surface of the eye is 23.5 mm. When this value is changed, the image is not focused on the retina, but in front of it. A person loses the ability to clearly see the items located in the distance, the myopia develops. Depending on the physiological reasons Myopia is two types:

• The axial myopia occurs with increasing the focal length.
• Refractive myopia occurs when the cornea curvature is violated.
• Mixed myopia or combination of two listed types of disease.

For flow, the progressive myopia is distinguished, in which the vision worsens, despite the optical correction with the help of glasses or contact lenses. Often, such a situation is observed in children and adolescents. school age Due to the strong eye load. Usually by 15 - 16 years the process is suspended. And after 45 years, the vision begins to restore due to the compensation for the myopia of physiological elderity.

With standard myopia, the course of the disease does not undergo any changes. Such a form of pathology is amenable to optical correction. Transient myopia is reversible. It develops under certain factors ( sugar diabetes, pregnancy, long medical treatment). The cause of such a form of myopia can also be the edema of the lens, the overvoltage of the eye muscles.

Degrees of myopia

The change in visual acuity is taken into account in the next classification of myopia. However, you must first stay on the concept of "diopter". In ophthalmology, an ideally refractive system of eyes is conditionally accepted for zero. If a lens is necessary to correct the violation, in which the vision focuses on the items located, for example, at a distance of 1 meter, then this lens has a value of 1 DPTR. To determine the refractive force, it is necessary to divide the unit to the focal length in meters. Depending on this value, distinguishes:

• Weak degree of myopia, which means a violation of vision not exceeding 3 DPTRs.
• Middle degree. In this case, the deviation from the norm is 3 - 6 DPTR.
• The strong degree of myopia is more than 6 DPTRs. With this form of the disease, a person sees the objects poorly, which are relatively close. A similar diagnosis is a contraindication to the call to the army.

A weak degree of myopia Many ophthalmologists consider not pathology, but physiological feature vision. If the person's work is not associated with an increased concentration of attention, special optical correction is not required. The first symptoms of the initial stage of myopia are fatigue and headache after tension (working at a computer, reading, playing on the phone or tablet).

Causes of disease development

According to the data of medical statistics, about half of the world's population suffers from the myopia of one degree or another. By international Classification The latest edition (ICD 10) is assigned the disease N52.1. From this group excluded myopia, which arose against the background of malignant eye pathology. Starting from the XVIII century, doctors tried to determine the cause of myopia. To date, scientists agree that heredity plays the main role.

Ophthalmologists note that if one or both parents suffered from impairment of vision, then the child also has a danger of first degree myopia in early age. With unanimous heredity, the level of risk of disease does not exceed 10%. Further deterioration of the flow of myopia depends on a number of factors. Among them:

• Insufficient content in the food of the child of vitamins and the trace elements necessary for the normal formation of the structures of the eye. These are minerals such as zinc, manganese, copper, etc.
• Overvoltage of the eye muscle due to unreasonably close distance from the eyes to any item: books, monitor, tablet, notebook.
• Related diseases (astigmatism, squint).
• Congenital disorders of the structure of the eye, for example, hereditary myopathy.

The identification of the exact cause, type and stage of myopia matters in determining the tactics of the treatment of the disease. With a strong impairment of view, the correction is necessary for the convenience of the patient. However, with regard to the discharge of glasses to the patient with myopia 1st., Opinions of the doctors are disagree. Nevertheless, children like a similar correction is appointed due to the high risk of impairment of vision.

Diagnostics

I can identify myopia of a weak degree with a prophylactic examination from an ophthalmologist. The definition of visual acuity is carried out according to all known tables (OPOTIPAM). To carry out the diagnosis procedure in adults, they use diagrams with letters or unfinished circles. For children younger age Suitable tables with pictures.

Symbols on optotypes are located in the rows, and with each line, their size decreases. The table is attached to a device with special lighting at a height of 120 cm from the floor. The survey begins with a survey of a patient about complaints. The determination of visual acuity is carried out in this way:

• The patient sitting on a chair located at a distance of 5 m from the table.
• The doctor muffles lighting in the office so that only characters on optotypes are lit.
• Special glasses are put on a person, which allow you to cover one eye with an opaque lens.
• Okulist selectively indicates the characters and asks to call them.

The table has 12 lines. Upon reading of each subsequent, a series of visual acuity, the doctor is conditionally raised by 0.1. A value in which a person does not arise problems when looking at items and inscriptions on the removal is one. When deviating from the norm, the ophthalmologist begins the selection of lenses and records their diopter, which determine the degree of myopia for both eyes.

Additionally, a survey of the condition of the organ of vision is carried out using digital technology. In addition, it is necessary to check the eye bed. To do this, expand pupil with drops with atropine.

Optical vision correction

Points to restore visual sharpness. For the correction of myopia, we need a lenses of a concave form, which is indicated by the "minus" sign. With myopia, the weak degree of constant wearing points is not required. They are recommended to wear only if necessary, for example, in a lesson at school or lecture at the institute, when driving a car, etc. For selection of glasses, the doctor defines the desired diopter value (it is indicated by the letters of OS for the left eye and OD for the right) and the intercentrose distance between the pupils (PD).

What is myopia, astigmatism and how orthocratology can help

Myopia weak degree of both eyes

Myopia: myths and reality. Children's doctor.

Myopia or myopia: unique information! Review, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prevention.

Myopia of a weak degree of both eyes - how to treat?

Myopia (myopia). How to return vision

Turning off fence. Myopia Eyes of Pregnant © Myopia of The Eyes During Pregnancy

Diagnosis is not a sentence - myopia (myopia) (Zarina Khalikova)

The patient chooses a rim for glasses to their taste. Then under it, taking into account the recommendations of the ophthalmologist, lenses of glass or optical plastic are manufactured. There are no differences between them. However, doctors recommend plastic, as it is easier and stronger. The only minus it is higher cost.

After 20 - 22 years, if myopia is a weak discomfort in everyday lifePoints are allowed to replace with contact lenses. They are convenient to use, allow you to freely play sports, swimming. You can also forget about such a problem like fogging glass with a sharp temperature drop. When choosing contact lenses, attention should be paid to such aspects:

• Duration of operation. This parameter is determined by the moisture content in the lens and its permeability for air. The lower these indicators, the longer the wearing time. So, there are quarterly, monthly, two-week and one-day lenses. It is worth paying attention to the most comfortable for the eyes are lenses with a short use.
• Wearing mode (12-hour or round-the-clock). But, despite the assurances of manufacturers, doctors recommend leave lenses overnight in extreme cases.

By cons contact lenses include their relatively high cost. Caring for them and storage require regular acquisition of solutions and cleansing tablets. With a late replacement, there is a risk of developing disease "bacterial conjunctivit", increasing the dryness of the cornea and other complications. The selection of contact lenses is carried out by an ophthalmologist. The doctor will explain in detail the rules of operation. If, without changing the diopter, the quality of view is reduced in glasses, this indicates progressive myopia.

Exercises for the eye

With myopia both of the eyes of a weak degree, it is recommended to look at the items away - this is an effective and simple exercise. But at the same time it is not necessary to pursuer and strain sight. Sleep enough to cover the eyelids. You should also read books printed (but not electronically) with weak lighting. At the same time, the paper must be kept at the maximum distance from the eyes. During a walk, it is necessary to watch moving objects with lateral vision (for example, cars). For the treatment of myopia of a weak degree once a day, it is necessary to carry out such a complex of exercises:

• Print on a sheet of paper a symbol or letter. To look at it from a distance of 90 - 100 cm, then read several rows when the light from the distance is 25 cm.
• Make houses table to verify vision. Them detailed description Can be found on the Internet. Read each string. The initial distance should be 3 m, over time it gradually needs to be increased to 6 m.
• Draw a symbol on paper. Consider from the most close distance, pull out your hand and look at it again. Perform 5 - 6 times.
• Print three letters on Watman, which are at a distance of several centimeters from each other. Take a roulette or a line with a length of 1 m. One of her edge to bring to the eyes, the other - to the paper. First, look at the end of the roulette, then over it look at the first letter. Repeat the same for other characters.

Between the exercises you need to blink often, make rotational movements with eyeballs, without turning the head. When a feeling of fatigue appears, you should close your eyes, cover them from top of the palms and relax. In addition, it is necessary to constantly follow the rules for work at the desk or computer. Also need from time to time to give the eyes of rest.

Pregnancy features at myopia

Contrary to the current opinion, myopia of any extent, even strong, is not an obstacle to natural childbirth and tooling the child. Cesarean section Not shown when increasing intraocular pressure and risk of retinal detachment. Therefore, all pregnant women visited the oculist when registering on a period of 10 - 14 weeks and before childbirth. If an ophthalmologist did not find pathology, then myopia is 1 degree during pregnancy serves as a restriction of physiological genus. During this period, it is allowed to put on lenses.

As for the surgical treatment of symptoms of myopia, there are many techniques recently developed. They allow you to safely and painlessly return the visual sharpness. Surgery Myopia of a weak degree does not require, the exception is the progressive form of the disease. According to patient reviews, the noticeable improvement occurs after several months of regularly performing visual gymnastics.

Myopia 1 degree is an anomaly of refractive, expressing in a worsening of the vision of items located in the immediately given. This state arises due to the fact that focusing the beams of light occurs not on the retina, but in front of it. If a person is diagnosed with 1 degree of myopia, it suggests that it does not exceed 3 diopters.

Statistical data provided to WHO indicate that myopia is quite common. Up to 30% of people from the entire population of the globe are experiencing similar vision problems. It is from the myopia of a weak degree suffering the overwhelming number of patients. Their share in the total mass of people with myopia is 80%. It has established that every fifth schoolchild is experiencing the symptoms of the myopia of the first degree.

Symptoms of myopia 1 degree

Among the symptoms pointing to the fact that the person develops myopia to a weak degree, it is possible to allocate the main one - this deterioration of the vision of objects located away. At the same time, the contours of items are visible, and a person can distinguish them, however, they will be somewhat lubricated and fuzzy.

Among other symptoms, you can select the following:

The appearance of pains that can be localized in the field of temples, eyeboards, forehead.

Fast fatigue of organs of vision.

Elevated dryness mucosa.

Seeking the eyes when trying to peel into the distance.

Redness of the mucous membrane of the eye, due to the expansion of the capillaries.

Often, similar symptoms can be found in children who have begun to attend school. This is associated with the increased eye load. Therefore, it is important to be extremely attentive to your own child, as it may not make any complaints with parents, perceiving such a state for the norm. Often myopia is of the first degree proceeding asymptically, and it is possible to discover it only during the planned visiting of the ophthalmologist. If the distance from the focus to the retina does not exceed more than 1 diopter, then ophthalmologists speak about the accommodation spa.

Accommodation spasm is a temporary disorder of view, as a result of a long load on the ciliary muscle of the eye. It is dangerous by the fact that if you do not pay attention to such a state in time, then it can lead to the appearance of sustainable.

Causes of myopia 1 degree

Among the main reasons for the development of myopia of a weak degree can be allocated as follows:

Poor heredity, that is, the possibility of transition of the disease from parents to children. This is especially true in the case when Mother suffers from myopia, and father.

Increased eye loads. The most dangerous in terms of the development of myopia is the situation when a person loads their work with objects at close range. We are talking about reading books, writing, working at a computer, watching TV, etc.

Congenital features of the organ of vision. Such can be attributed to an increase in the length of the eyeball and its deformation.

Inconsistency of convergence and accommodation as the result of non-compliance with hygiene of view. For example, reading in the position lying, in moving transport, visual work with insufficient lighting, etc. All this leads to the development of pseudomopia, which will later often develop into a true one.

Heart injuries.

Views of myopia

With regard to the varieties of myopia of the first degree, it can be progressive and not progressive. The latter does not require special therapy and is successfully adjusted by wearing glasses, since it does not cause an anomalies of the eye bottom.

The progressive myopia is of the first degree is dangerous in that with the development of the disease, it can lead to a variety of complications and even full blindness.

Diagnostics

In order to determine the diagnosis of myopia of a weak degree, the doctor will need to carry out a number of ophthalmic tests. This is a color testing, and a refractive test, and perimetry. It will also require a visual inspection of the eye structure.

In some cases, an ophthalmologist can send a patient for ultrasound eyes, for example, if suspected progressive myopia, which caused, if it is impossible to carry out a standard ophthalmic study and in other testimony.

To determine myopia, it may be necessary to study refraction by skescoping or computer refractometry.

Points. In order to avoid the progression of the disease, when a myopia is detected, 1 degree needed vision correction with glasses having negative lenses. They contribute to the fact that the refraction is normalized and the person becomes able to consider both neighbor and distant objects equally well. At the same time, points there is no need to wear all the time. They will need to be removed when a person with a weak degree of myopia works with objects in the near distance - reads or writes. As a replacement with glasses, you can use contact lenses. However, they have limitations, for example, age.

Exercises. As additional methods of treatment, doctors recommend that a certain set of exercises aimed at strengthening the eye muscles are recommended. They must be performed by preschoolers and a schoolboy, since the visual apparatus is only formed.

Hardware treatment. Hardware treatment may be appointed, for example, "Sidorenko glasses", which stimulate the organ of vision using sound and color pulses, compose phonophoresis and pneumatic massage. Due to such a comprehensive impact, it is possible to normalize the blood supply and strengthening of the ciliar muscle, increase the effectiveness of the received drugs.

Vitamins. Complement the main treatment of vitamin therapy, massage the collar zone, proper nutrition. A person who has a first-degree person who has a first-degree myopia should receive vitamins of the group B, as well as trace elements such as: manganese, chrome, copper, selenium and others.