Candidiasis of the oral cavity is the lesion of the mucous membrane with the characteristic caused by the fungal infection of the genus Candida albicans.

The cause of the disease is the overall decrease in immunity, promoting the reproduction of fungal infection. It causes itching and burning in the oral cavity, as well as other unpleasant symptoms, modern antifungal drugs are used to treat it.

Medical complex to combat fungus

Antimicotic agents - preparations that have a direct anti-grab effect, aimed at preventing further growth (fungistatic effect) or complete elimination of the pathogen (fungicide effect). Antimicotics are prescribed both for the prevention of the disease and for the treatment of all forms.

Modern antimicotics are divided into:

• polician antibioticscausing the destruction of the fungal cell by introducing into its membrane and metabolic disorders (the most effective in candidiasis of natamycin, amphotericin B, Lev Room, nystatin);
• imidazoleblocking certain enzymes needed for the functioning of the fungal cell. These include miconazole, imidazole and clotrimazole;
• bis-quaternary ammonium compounds (Decamine) also possess antifungal effects, are used both locally on the lesions and system therapy;
• echinocandines (Kaspofung, Mikafungin) inhibit the synthesis of polysaccharides of mushrooms used to build a cell wall.

Antiseptics are used as rinsing in order to prevent the proliferation of infection and to rehabilitate the existing foci of inflammation. These funds include solutions and. Also produced lubrication of mucous solutions, and resorcin.

In the prevention of the disease to stimulate immunity, vitaminotherapy is used, taking into account the replenishment of the group A, C, E, B1, B2, B6.

What you need to know about antifungal agents: pharmacological features, classification, nuances of application:

Means for the treatment of adult patients

The treatment of therapy is simultaneously impact on infection from several points of the application. This is the local suppression of an infection, the essence of which is to apply antimicotics and other drugs directly to the foci of the affected oral mucosa, and the systemic treatment of the candidiasis by taking antibiotics.

Tools for local exposure

It begins with the use of drugs whose action is aimed at the occasion of the oral cavity. As a rule, aniline dyes can be used for this:

Systemic therapy

For the systemic treatment of candidiasis in adult patients, the following medicines are used:

Treatment of children and infants

More complex in terms of selection of drugs, there is only a limited list of allowed drugs, among which for local application Oxychinoline-8 and-4 derivatives, quaternary ammonium compounds and phytopreparations are used.

Local impact on fungus

It applies to permitted means:

Systemic therapy

For systematic exposure uses:

Means for the treatment of candidiasis throat and almonds

The affected areas of the throat and almonds must be handled moistened cotton stick antiseptic means. For this apply:

1. Sulfate solution of medium. Acts as a disinfecting astringent. Use a solution with a concentration of 0.25%. The processing of sections of the mucous occurs three times a day until a complete disappearance clinical manifestations fungal infection.
2. 20 % . They are applied to the foci of affected mucosa and almonds for the purpose of the eradication of fungal infection.
3. . It has the same properties as other solutions.
4. Resorcin. A 0.5% solution is used to apply the throat on the mucous membrane. In rare cases are possible allergic reactions.
5. Fuccinium solution. May cause temporary local burning and pain. Applied from 2 to 4 times a day.
6. Solution of nitric acid silver. It has a bactericidal and anti-exprit effect. For applying mucous membranes oral cavity 2% liquid applies.

Local treatment must be accompanied by systemic therapy, which includes the reception of the following drugs:

Also, under the candidiasis of the larynx has the effectiveness of physiotherapeutic measures with alternating procedures every two days.

Editor's Choice

Among the entire variety of medicines, it is difficult to choose the best anti-chandomy drugs in terms of efficiency and security, but we tried to do this. Our top 5:

1. Flucanazole.. The drug has a systemic oppressive effect on the synthesis of biological compounds of the fungal membrane, due to which its destruction occurs. It has a wide range of action and a low degree of toxicity.
2. . Does not have accumulative properties in the body, which reduces the risk side Effects. Enjoys popular with doctors and patients.
3. Amphotericin B.. Inhibits all kinds of fungi. Widely used in pediatrics and almost does not have side effects.
4. . The drug can be used in large quantities without risk. adverse Reactions. Interacts with all antifungal medicines.
5. Ketokonazole.. Assigned both for outdoor and internal application. Its dosing allows you to apply the drug once a day.

Any antifungal drugs should be appointed by the attending physician and only after inspection and diagnostics. Thus, when appropriate, the specialist will take into account related diseases, individual susceptibility and severity of the candidiasis.

When taking medicines, it is necessary to comply with the recommended dosage in order to avoid side effects. Treatment should be comprehensive and consist of several types of therapy (local and systemic).

It must be remembered that treatment needs to be held by a course, and its interrupt can lead to a relapse of the disease. With the appearance of side effects of any complexity, you need to turn to your doctor to correct therapy and eliminate symptoms that appeared.

Candidiasis requires special attention modern treatment and accurate diagnosis. At the moment there are many groups of drugs that are individually selected depending on the severity of the disease, concomitant pathologies or existing contraindications.

This type of fungal infection under the compliance of the treatment rules disappears forever, without repeated manifestations and complications.

Common forms of Mikosa Stop and Nails having heavy flowrequire applications systems. You can buy antifungal tablets without a recipe and at an affordable price, but this should not exclude a visit to the dermatologist.

Antimicotic drugs possess toxic effect And have a number of contraindications. Self-treatment with antifungal pills can cause the stability of the microbial flora, which will lead to chronic form Diseases. When choosing tablets from fungus on the legs, all indicators should be taken into account. Especially one should pay attention to side effects and spectrum of action.

Flucunazole preparations

The most common group. In pharmacies, fluconazole-based drugs have different trade names:

• Diflucan;
• Foran;
• Diflazon;
• Microsist;
• Vero Flucunazole;
• Mikomax.

It is a derivative of triazole. After taking inside the capsules and tablets, its concentration in liquids and tissues reaches 90%. The drug by the kidneys in its original form is excreted.

Dermatology testimony:

1. Mycoses of feet, body and pah area.
2. Delive to the skin.
3. Fungal lesions of deep tissues, including histoplasmosis.
4. In patients having immune failure.

This antifungal agent in tablets is prescribed individually. Higher daily dose should not exceed 400 mg. The minimum amount of substance is one of 50 mg. Flucunazole is more often available in the form of capsules. The multiplicity of drug intake is once a day. This is an advantage over the means that have a short validity.

It is impossible to take antifungal pills based on fluucunazole during pregnancy and lactation. They are prohibited by children up to a year and people with increased sensitivity to Triazole.

Side effects:

• diarrhea;
• flatulence;
• stomach ache;
• nausea;
• dizziness;
• rash on the skin.

With caution, fluukunazole capsules under the pathologies of the liver and kidneys should be used. When used with hypoglycimizing agents, the time of their half-life increases. With simultaneous treatment with rifampicin, Flucunazole is delayed in the tissues longer.

On a note!

The price of the capsule varies sharply depending on the manufacturer, and vary from 20 rubles (fluucunazole) to 800 (dieflux).

Neungal

Consists of a substance wide spectrum Actions - Itraconazole. He destroys most types of fungal infections. The drug may have different names - Canditral ,. The means mainly have a capsuated form and are used for systemic treatment:

• onichomicoses;
• heavy skin micoses;
• histoplasmosis;
• spidellers;
• blastomycosis.

The therapeutic minimum is preserved in tissues within 1 month after the end of the course. Dosing the drug individual and depends on the identified pathogen and severity of the disease. Usually I assign 100 mg per day for one reception. In rare cases, 200 mg in the morning and in the evening of 4 weeks.

- Toxic agent. He fights high quality with fungal infection, but has strict restrictions in use:

• pregnancy at all timing;
• women during the period of possible conception;
• breast-feeding;
• renal and liver pathology.

Side effects appear in the form of disorders of the digestive tract and allergic reactions. The neungal can provoke the appearance of headaches and peripheral neurops. With long use in high doses, hair loss and dysmenorrhea is not excluded.

On a note!

Medicines consisting of an initiance effective, but expensive. The neuropal in the package of 14 pieces can cost up to 3000 rubles.

As an alternative, you can use as an alternative can be used. It refers to another group, but it is cheaper and has a smaller number of contraindications. Tablets are active with respect to nail fungus and mycoses. But the use of their pregnant women is not investigated. It refers to another group, but it is cheaper and has a smaller number of contraindications. Tablets are active with respect to nail fungus and mycoses. But the use of their pregnant women is not investigated.

Terbinefin.

At the pharmacy, the antifungal agent is sold at a price of about 600 rubles under the same name. Analogs based on terbinafin - and exifest. These are the best antifungal nail tablets on the legs. During therapy, the drug is actively accumulated in tissues and provides a long fungicidal effect.

Indications are deep onchomicoses and fungal lesions of the skin caused by candidates, varieties of dermatophytes and other microorganisms.

Dosage: adults 500 mg, divided into two receptions. Children weighing less than 40 kg, but more than 20, half adult dose. If the child is lighter than 20 kg, the daily dose will be 62.5 mg per day.

Antifungal drugs in tablets for nails of feet and mycoses Stop consisting of do not have many restrictions. They are prohibited in individual intolerance. There are no information about the ban on pregnant women in the instructions. But there are recommendations for reducing the use of tableted tools of this group during the period of tooling the fetus and breastfeeding.

Side effects:

• moderate abdominal pain;
• nausea;
• jaundice;
• rash on the skin;
• reduction of blood platelets;
• headache.

Nystatin

Refers to antibiotics of a group of polyenses. Tools of this type of the most accessible and cheap. They are used in tablets against the skin fungus on the legs. Nystatin destroys the membrane of microbial cells. Indications for use are micoses of the skin caused by a mushroom candidate.

Contraindications: allergic reactions and intolerance to antifungal medication. During pregnancy, it is prescribed after a thorough assessment possible risk For fetal. The decision to stop lactation during the therapy is adopted by the doctor.

The uncontrolled use of Nistatan in diseases requiring stronger drugs can cause growth of stable forms of fungi.

Dosing: adults 500 thousand ... 4 times a day. Children are prescribed in the amount of 100 thousand to 4 times a day. The duration of antifungal treatment for 2 weeks.

Advantages of the drug in front of other tablets in low toxicity and price. But the narrow spectrum of action does not allow it to take it during mixed pathogens. High multiplicity of nistatin intake is also a disadvantage.

Pimafucin

Antifungal antibiotic with the active substance Natamicin. It copes well with the lesions of the nails and the skin with complicated secondary infection.

These are inexpensive, but effective antifungal pills. You can buy them on average for 400 rubles. Packaging 20 tablets. The drug can be used during the nipping of the fetus and breastfeeding. Natamicin is often prescribed with fungal sepsis and impairment impairment. It is used short courses. Adults are recommended to take 100 mg. Up to 4 times a day, children are the same dose 2 times in 24 hours.

Side effect: Pimafucin is well tolerated. In the initial period of therapy, diarrhea and nausea may be observed. Symptoms take place independently and do not require the cancellation of the medicine.

Mechanism of action of antifungal pills and capsules

All anti-grabers equally act on the causative agent of infection. They destroy the composition of the cage shell and enhance the permeability of the membrane. Penetrating the core, drugs stop exchange processes And cause the death of fungal flora. Universal means having an antibiotic in the same time destroy pathogenic microorganisms.

Tableled antifungal drugs and capsules for oral administration require preliminary assignment by a doctor. In the process of therapy, blood biochemistry may be needed. Course treatment cannot be interrupted.

A self-decreased dose and cessation of treatment is not allowed. It may threaten the development of sustainable strains of fungus and cause a relapse.

Fungal skin lesions are considered sufficiently common infectious diseases. To achieve complete recovery, it is necessary to prescribe specific antifungal therapy. In this article, consider the most frequently used drugs (antimicotics) for the treatment of skin diseases of fungal nature.

Varieties of antifungal drugs

According to the mechanism of action, antimicotics are divided into fungicidal and fungistatic. In the first case, drugs destroy mushrooms, in the second - prevent the emergence of new ones. In addition, on the basis of a chemical structure, antifungal agents are conventionally divided by five groups:

• Polyene (for example, nystatin).
• Azole (Flucanazole, Clotrimazole).
• Allylamans (naphtyphin, terbinafin).
• Morpholines (amorolphine).
• Medicines with antifungal activity, but from different chemical subgroups (flucitozin, griseofullvin).

Antimicotic action is pharmacological property Drug drug to destroy or stop the emergence of new pathogenic fungi in the human body.

Systemic antimicotic drugs

To date, systemic atymicotic agents for receiving inside, possessing high efficiencyrepresented by the following medicines:

• Griezofulvin.
• Ketoconazole.
• Terbinafin.
• Itraconazole.
• Fluconazole.

Systemic antifungal therapy is shown to patients who have a common or deep micultural process, as well as damage to hair and nails. The feasibility of appointing certain drugs or treatment methods is determined by the attending doctor, given the nature of pathological changes and the current state of the patient.

Griefullvin

The antifungal agent of Griseofullvin has a fungistatic effect on all dermophytes included in the genus Triofiton, microsporum, ahorion and epidermofiton. At the same time, stop the reproduction of yeast-like and mold fungi, this drug will not succeed. The success of therapy largely depends on the correct daily and termal dosage of the griseofullvin. It should be noted that the average duration of therapy is about six months. At the same time, some patients can prescribe longer courses.

The antimicotic preparation of griseofulfine is shown if available:

• Dermatophy.
• Mycoses Stop, nails, torso, etc.
• Microsporia smooth skin and scalp.
• Various clinical forms of epidermofithi.

However, I would like to note that this antifungal agent is not applied during pregnancy periods and breastfeeding. In addition, contraindicated with:

• Allergies to the active medication.
• Porphyry.
• Blood diseases.
• System Red Volcanka.
• Heavy violations of the liver and / or kidney.
• Malignant tumors.
• Uterine bleeding.
• Postsential states.

It clinically it is established that Griezofullvin leads to an increase in the action of ethanol. Reduces the effectiveness of contraceptives that contain estrogen. With simultaneous use with barbiturates or prison, antifungal efficiency decreases. During the therapeutic course, periodically (once every 2 weeks) check the main blood indicators and functional state Liver. The drug is produced in tablets and sold at a price of 220 rubles.

Iratenazole.

Antifungal drugs with a wide range of exposure include itraconazole. Called group of derivatives of triazole. Dermatophytes, yeast-like and mold mushrooms are sensitive to the action of this medication. It is shown in infectious diseases that are caused by the above pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. It is prescribed in case of diagnosis:

• Mikosa skin and mucous membranes.
• Onychomicosis.
• Candidoid defeat.
• Choison deprived.
• Systemic mycoses (aspergillosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, blastomicosis, etc.).

Itraconazole is selectively affecting mushrooms, without causing damage to healthy human tissues. The effectiveness of the treatment of fermented leather dermatophys by this drug is almost 100%. It should be noted that its use is limited during chronic heart failure, liver cirrhosis and serious kidney problems. Women in position, Iratenazoles can be appointed in the case of systemic methods. At the same time take into account potential risks for the child and the expected result. Lactating matters during medical treatment Antimicotics recommend switching to artificial feeding.

Possible side effects of the use of itraconazole:

• Dyspeptic disorders (complaints of nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, problems with appetite, etc.).
• Headaches, the appearance of increased fatigue, weakness and drowsiness.
• High blood pressure.
• Allergic manifestations (sensation of itching, rash, urticaria, sophisticated, and others).
• Violation of the menstrual cycle.
• Baldness.
• Falling the level of potassium in the blood.
• Reduced sexual attraction.

During antifungal therapy, the functional state of the liver is controlled. When changing changes in the level of liver enzymes (transaminase) adjust the dosage of the drug. Itraconazole is available in capsules. The average price is 240 rubles. Also produced under other trade names, such as Rumikosis, Angung, Teknazol, Opet, Itramick, etc.

Antimicotic drugs are specific drugswithout which it is impossible to cope with fungal lesions.

Fluconazole.

One of the most common antifungal drugs is Fluconazole. The level of bioavailability after use inward reaches 90%. The process of absorption medication does not affect the medication. Flucaneosol has proven its effectiveness at the following fungal infections:

• Mikosah Stop, torso nails, etc.
• Various forms of epidermofilation.
• Multicolored lichen.
• Onychomykosis.
• Candidal lesion of the skin, mucous membranes.
• Systemic Mikosakh.

However, it is not used to treat small children (up to 4 years) and patients with allergies on the components of the drug. We are prescribed with marginal caution in serious problems with kidneys and / or liver, heavy heart disease. The feasibility of the appointment of fluconazole during pregnancy solves the doctor. Basically, this is the threatening life of the state, when the recovery of the future mother is placed on the fore. At the same time, with breastfeeding, this antifungal drug is contraindicated.

In some cases, at the use of fluconazole, there may be the appearance of various adverse reactions. We list the most common unwanted effects:

• The occurrence of nausea, vomiting, problems with appetite, pain in the abdomen, diarrhea, etc.
• Headaches, weakness, reduced performance.
• Allergies (itching, burning, urticaria, Otka Quincke, etc.).

Detailed information O. medicinal interaction With other drugs painted in detail in official instruction By application, which should be carefully familiarized, if you take some more medicines in parallel. It is worth noting that the premature ending therapy usually leads to the resumption of fungal infection. Fluconazole in domestic production capsules is sold at a price of 65 rubles.

Treatment with antimicotic drugs, as a rule, rather long (from several months to year).

Local antimicotic drugs

Currently, antimicotic drugs for local therapy are presented in a wide range. We list the most common:

• Loworded.
• Lamizil.
• Batrafin.
• Clotrimazole.
• Herben.
• Pimafucin.
• Exoderil.
• Daktarine.

If an infectious disease in the initial stages of development, when small areas of lesion are detected, can only be limited to external antifungal agents. The sensitivity of the pathogenic microorganism to the prescribed medicine has the greatest value.

Lamizil

High therapeutic activity is characteristic of the outer drug lamizil. Available in cream, spray and gel. It has pronounced antimicotic and antibacterial effects. Each of the above forms of the drug has its own features of application. If there is a sharply flowing fungal infection of the skin with redness, ethnicity and rash, it is recommended to use the laminizil spray. It does not provoke irritation and contributes to the rapid elimination of the main symptoms of the disease. As a rule, the spray eritresses copes for 5-6 days. With a multi-colored delay, pathological elements on the skin are resolved about a week.

Like spray, gel lamizil must be used in the case of the development of mycoses with acute flow. It is applied to the amazed areas fairly easily and has a pronounced cooling effect. If erytheo-squamous and infiltrative forms of fungal infectious disease, cream lamizil. In addition, it is an external agent in the form of a cream and gel is effective for the treatment of patients suffering from microsporee, multi-colored depriving, candidal damage to large folds and near-gas rollers.

On average, the duration of the therapeutic course is 1-2 weeks. Premature ending treatment or irregular use of the drug can provoke the resumption of the infectious process. If within 7-10 days there is no improvement in the state of the affected skin, it is recommended to contact the doctor to verify the diagnosis. The estimated price for the drug lamisyl for outdoor use is approximately 600-650 rubles.

Pimafucin

Cream for external use of pimafucine is prescribed for the treatment of fungal infections of the skin (dermatomycosis, mycoses, candidiasis, etc.). Almost all yeast mushrooms are sensitive to the action of this medicinal product. It is allowed to use it during the period of tooling the child and during breastfeeding. The only absolute contraindication for prescribing pimafucine cream as local fungal infection therapy is to have allergies to the outdoor components.

You can handle the amazed areas of the skin up to four times a day. The duration of the therapeutic course is established individually. Adverse reactions are extremely rare. In isolated cases, it was noted irritation, a feeling of itching and burning, redness of the skin in the field of applying the drug. If necessary, you can combine with other types of drugs. For acquisition, the recipe is not required. Pimafucin cream costs about 320 rubles. Also, this medicine is produced in the form of candles and tablets, which significantly increases the spectrum of its application.

After pre-consulted with a qualified specialist, the antimicotic drugs are urgently not recommended.

Clotrimazole

Clotrimazole is considered an effective antifungal agent for local application. It has a fairly wide spectrum of antimicotic activity. Definitely acts on dermatophytes, yeast, mold and dimorphous mushrooms. Depending on the concentration of Clotrimazole in the infection area, there is fungicidal and fungistatic properties. Main readings for use:

• Fungal skin lesion, which is caused by dermatophytes, yeast and mold mushrooms.
• Founded deprived.
• Candidiasis of skin and mucous membranes.

It should be noted that clotrimazole is not appointed for the treatment of nails and the infection of the scalp. It is advisable to avoid the use of antifungal drug in the first trimester of pregnancy. Also, at the time of therapy, it is recommended to abandon breastfeeding and go to artificial. Usually this ointment is used three times a day. The duration of treatment depends on clinical form Diseases and ranges from the 1st week to month. If within a few weeks there is no improvement in the condition of the skin and mucous membranes, it is necessary to contact your doctor and confirm the diagnosis by the microbiological method.

In most cases, the outer agent is postponed quite well. In rare situations, adverse reactions may arise in the form of allergies, the occurrence of redness, bubbles, ethnicity, irritation, itching, rash, etc. The cost of Mazi Clotrimazole domestic production does not exceed 50 rubles.

Lowords

As dermatological practice shows, the cream naughty is successfully used with various fungal lesions of the skin. He is a representative of the Azol Group. The active ingredient of the drug is ketoconazole related to synthetic derivative of imidazole. It is resorted to its appointment under the following diseases and pathological conditions:

• Dermatophyte infections.
• Seborine dermatitis.
• Dermatomikosis smooth skin.
• Multicolored lichen.
• Candidiasis.
• Epidermife Stop and brushes.
• Pahova epidermofitilation.

If there is an increased sensitivity to the active substance of the drug, the nipped is not assigned. As a rule, the exterior is applied to the affected areas up to two times a day. The duration of therapy depends on the clinical form of the disease. For example, the treatment of patients with low-techly deprive can reach 14-20 days. At the same time, the therapy of epidermofilation stops on average is 1-1.5 months. The occurrence of adverse reactions is not characteristic. Separate patients were recorded redness, itching, burning, rash, etc. If the appearance of side effects or deterioration during treatment, it is necessary to contact the doctor.

Combined use with other medicinal preparations. During pregnancy and breastfeeding, treatment with an outer antifungal agent must be coordinated with the attending physician. In most pharmacies, the cost of the cream nipped usually does not exceed 500 rubles. The price depends on the region and distributor.

Skin fungal infections often require comprehensive treatmentcomprising systemic, local and symptomatic therapy.

Folk remedies from fungus

Recently there is a sharp rise in the popularity of application folk recipes For treatment various diseases, including infectious. Many folk healers recommend Furacin from fungus on their feet. It is used in the form of a bath, compresses, etc. However, refer to reference literature, it turns out that furacilin is active only with respect to bacteria, and is not able to destroy viruses or mushrooms. Also, a lot of sites die with information that it is possible to use Furacilin from the nail fungus. In order to avoid such inaccuracies, trust your health exclusively qualified specialists.

Remember, furaciline solutions fungal infections of the skin are not treated.

Content

From defeats, a huge number of people suffer from fungi. Antifungal drugs are helped to get rid of them - special pills, ointments, creams, candles, sprays and solutions for treatment, the action of which is aimed at destroying pathogens and prevent their reproduction. Now the market presents a huge amount of such funds. From defeat different species Mushrooms are not insured by any person, so everyone should know which antimicotic drugs exist.

What is antifungal drugs

So called all medicines that show specific activity to pathogen mushrooms, suppressing their activities and destroying. Antifungal agents are divided into different groups by structure chemical compound and the spectrum of activity. May contain as natural componentsand chemical. We are produced in the form of tablets, ointments, creams, candles, sprays. The effect of drugs is aimed at destroying pathogens of microorganisms without causing harm to the patient.

The use of antifungal drugs

There is a huge number of types of mycoses. They can hit the skin, nails, mucous membranes. Anti-gribic drugs are designed specifically in order to destroy the pathogens of the fungus, stop its negative impact on the human body. List of the most common mycotic diseases:

• candidiasis;
• flyheads;
• cryptococcal meningitis;
• pseudoalleceryosis;
• ringworm;
• dermatomycosis;
• lesions nail plates, skin;
• aspergillosis;
• candidoid and trichomonade vulvovaginitis;
• spothost;
• fusariosis.

Views

Types of anti-grib drugs. They are divided into groups on:

• origin (synthetic, natural);
• method of use (internal, external, parenteral);
• mechanism and spectrum of action;
• indications for use (system or local infections);
• effect effect (fungistatic, fungicide);
• the level of activity (wide and narrow spectrum of action).

Mazi.

Local preparations of this type are assigned, as a rule initial stages Mycosis diseases. Antifungal ointments are struggling with an infection caused by the pathogen, eliminate unpleasant symptoms. The advantages of their application:

• a wide range of antifungal agents as affordable pricesand more expensive;
• ease of use;
• the possibility of acquiring a doctor without prescription (in most cases).

Select certain groups of ointments over the site of application. General Preparations:

1. Calain. Ointment with serkonazole. Prevents the spread of causative agents of the disease. The course of treatment is a month.
2. Exoderil. Effective ointment, substances that do not penetrate the blood. He cures fungus for one or two months, but may cause side effects: allergic reactions, headache, bloating, diarrhea, urticaria, nausea, vomiting.
3. Candid. Suitable for any skin area. Can be used during pregnancy, during lactation. Currency treatment, lasts until six months. Contraindicated in the individual intolerance to the components.
4. Salicyl ointment. Suitable for processing affected skin and superimpose compresses.
5. Ketoconazole. The drug is effective against many fungi, but is dangerous due to its toxicity.
6. Mikosan. Contains ketoconazole. It quickly removes itching, and the rest of the symptom for about a month.
7. Zinc ointment. The drug has no side effects. It is applied to the complete elimination of the symptoms of fungus.
8. Lamizil. Contains terbinafin. Eliminates the symptoms of fungus for the month.

There are a number of drugs in the form of ointments that are intended for the treatment of mikoz in the intimate zone:

1. Clotrimazole. This ointment is allowed to apply not only to the skin, but also on the mucous membranes. The course of treatment is a maximum of 1 month.
2. Nitropung. Ointment with chloronitrophenol, overwhelming the growth of fungus and with an antiseptic effect.
3. Ketoconazole. It is used for skin and mucous membranes. The course of treatment is 2-4 weeks.

Pills

Mycosis, especially on running stages, will not pass without systemic treatment. Tablets from fungal diseases are able to destroy the pathogen or block its action, so they are more efficient than any local drugs. Such means are allowed to be taken only on the appointment of the doctor and at the same time strictly follow its instructions, because they have a lot of contraindications and side effects. The list of preparations in tablets is very wide, therefore it is most convenient to divide them into groups on the active substance.

1. With ketoconazole. Prevents the breeding of mushrooms. Antimicotic drugs with this active substance in the composition: Loword, Ketosol, Dermazol, Ketzoral, ketoconazole, microsyl.
2. With itraconazole. This substance is particularly effectively against dermatophytes, mold and yeast mushrooms. It contains such tablets: Iratenazole, ITRUNGAR, AUNGAL, SPORED, ITRANCON, ESZOL, isol.
3. With terbinafin. The substance that violates the viability of fungus. Reception of drugs with it is effective in dermatomicosis of any portion of the body. It is part of such tablets: lamisil, binafine, terbinafin, laministic.
4. With fluconazole. The substance is a derivative of triazole with a pronounced antifungal action. Particularly effective tablets with fluconazole in relation to yeast mushrooms. Suitable for the treatment of onychomicosis, candidoses of mucous membranes. List of tablets with this substance: fluuson, fluconazole, medobulicone, fuzis, microsist, diphlouzol, dieflux.
5. Griecefullvin. Tablets are the same name as the main actant in their composition. The systemic drug is effective against tricooofitons, microsporums, epidermofutes. Pubes the process of dividing the fungus cells. Contraindicated in the pathologies of the heart, renal failureViolations of the nervous system.

Creams

Preparations in this form of release have local exposure. The cream ointments are distinguished by the fact that they contain less fats in the composition. They absorb faster, soften the skin. List of effective antifungal creams:

1. Loworded.
2. TINEDOL. Contains climbazol and many auxiliary substances. Restores skin cells, heals, disinfect. Suitable for the treatment of fungus and prevention.
3. Microspons.
4. Terbinefin. Helps with fungal lesions of stop, skin, mucous membranes, nails. It is applied with a thin layer on an infected site. The duration of treatment, depending on the severity of the lesion, can range from several weeks to six months.
5. Lamizil.
6. Naphtyphin. Effective with gathered epidermofilation, onichomicosis, candidias.
7. Ketoconazole.
8. Clotrimazole. Helps from splashes, yeast mushrooms, dermatophytes. It is not recommended for use during pregnancy and with hypersensitivity to components. Cream treatment is a month and a half.
9. Loceral.

Capsules

Preparations released in this form are practically no principle of action from tablets. What antifungal capsules exist:

• Fluconazole;
• Neungal;
• Rumikosis;
• ITRAZOL;
• Irunun;
• Diflazon;
• Diflucan;
• MKOMAKS;
• Microsist;
• Flucostat;
• Dano

Candles

Preparations in this form are prescribed to women from thrush. The disease is caused by yeast-like fungi. His symptoms appear in the intimate zone. Vaginal (in rare rectal cases) suppositories will help to get rid of them as quickly as possible. They are made of medicinal and additional components that allow candles to remain hard with room temperature. Suppositories are convenient to use. They act locally and do not harm the kidneys, liver, the organs of the digestive system.

List of the most effective candles:

• Pimafucin;
• Zalain;
• Livarol;
• Ginosol 7;
• Gino-Perevaril;
• Hexicone;
• Betadine;
• Metronidazole;
• Orsarbon;
• Nystatin;
• Gino Dakthanol;
• Ketoconazole;
• Viferon;
• Clion-d;
• TERJIN;
• Polizinaks;
• Lymbassin.

Classification

There are many signs for which antimicotic drugs are divided into categories. It is often customary to unite them in a chemical group and pharmacological activity. This classification helps a specialist to choose and recommend the patient that drug that will be the most effective in the treatment of the diagnosed type of fungus. Eliminate antifungal agents of a wide and narrow spectrum of action.

Group of Azol

Synthetic antifungal agents that provide fungicidal and fungistatic action. Help with the treatment of skin micoses, nails, mucous membranes, scalp. Group representatives:

1. Ketoconazole (Fungavis Analogues, Oronzole, Loword, Powered). Effective against yeast-like, dimorphic, higher mushrooms, dermatophytes.
2. Vorikonazole (Vifend, Biflurin, Vicand). Preparations, effective in candidias, multicolored lisp, aspergillosis, deep subcutaneous mycoses.
3. Iratenazol (Irunun, manholes, Itazol, Rumikosis, Itazol, Burunal, Canditral). Assigned with severe lesions of mold, candidal mushrooms.
4. Fluconazole (Diflycan, Mikoflucan, MedoFllone, Mikosist, Diflazon, Mikoflucan, Mikosist, Mikomax). Preparations, overwhelming and reproduction of mushrooms.

Polician antibiotics

Preparations of this group have the wide range of action. They are prescribed to patients who have a weakened immunity. Representatives:

1. Nystatin. Effective against the candidia of the skin, oral cavity and pharynx, intestines.
2. Levuelin. The drug with a wide list of testimony is particularly effective against candidiasis and simple fungi.
3. Pimafucin. A drug that has a fungicidal effect on mold and pathogenic yeast mushrooms.
4. Amphotericin in (ambiz, funongism, amphogluchene, ampholype, amphocyl). It is used for progressive fungal infections that are a serious threat to life.

Allylamine Group

Synthetic antifungal agents, effective against dermatomycosis, striking nails, hair, skin. Allylamine group preparations:

1. Terbinafin (Lamizil, Terbinox, Bramzil, Terbizil, Excene). Effective in dermatomicosis, struck by significant parts of the body.
2. Naphtypin (exoderil). Effective with fungal diseases of nails and skin caused by sensitive pathogens.

Antifungal preparations for children

The child's body is exposed to an increased risk of mycotic lesions, because their the immune system still works defective. However, not all drugs are suitable for the treatment of patients. children's age. If the child has become infected, then the antifungal medicine should be selected for him, determining the type of pathogen and spending additional diagnosis. What drugs can be assigned to children:

1. Local. Mikosan, Nystatin, Amorolfin, Lamizil.
2. System. Griestulfin, Mikosptin, Fluucitozin, Terbinafin, Fluucitozin, Fluconazole.

Antifungal preparations of a wide spectrum

Such drugs have simultaneously fungicidal and fungistatic effect. They prevent the reproduction of the fungus and destroy already existing pathogens. Depending on the active substance Each drug works in its own way:

1. Ketoconazole (Oronazole, Fungavis, Psychosor). Prevents the synthesis of components of the cell membrane fungus.
2. Griecefullvin. Prevents the division of fungal cells.
3. Iratenazol (Irunun, Manungal, Manungal). It prevents the formation of ergosterol (component of the fungal cell).
4. Terbinefin. Prevents Ergosterol synthesis at the initial stage.
5. Fluconazole (Diflucan, Flucstat, Mikomax). Prevents the formation of new disputes and eliminates existing ones.

How to choose

If you find a fungus, then the most reasonable will appeal to the dermatologist. The specialist will determine the type of pathogen, will appreciate the degree of defeat and general state organism. After analyzing the data obtained, it will develop therapy tactics, recommends you the most efficient and safe drugs. Self-medication can not only not give a positive effect, but also to cause your body harm.

Price

You can order drugs in an ordinary pharmacy, buy in the online store by selecting the option in the directory. The price depends on the wide list of factors. With the approximate value of some drugs can be found in the table below:

Video

Attention! The information presented in the article is familiarized. Articles do not call for independent treatment. Only a qualified doctor may diagnose and give recommendations on treatment, based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

Discuss

Antifungal drugs - efficient and inexpensive

The pathogenicity of fungi is largely determined by their ability to directly affect the cells of the affected organ or the body, causing changes in the structure of the cell wall or metabolism. At the same time, fungi can produce individual toxins (aflatoxins, phallotoxins), various proteo and lipolytic enzymes (hydrolase), which destroy the tissue and cell elements.

Fig. 2. Basic mechanisms and localization of antifungal agents.

Depending on clinical manifestations, localization of pathological processes and the degree of skin lesion, nails, mucous membranes Pathogenic fungi shared on:

Affecting the surface part of the horn layer of the skin without phenomena (keratomicosis);

Striking a stratum of the horny layer and causing an inflammatory response affecting the epidermis, hair, nails (dermatomycosis);

Living in the horn layer and causing an inflammatory reaction of the underlying layers (subcutaneous mycoses);

Affecting the skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscles, bones, internal organs (System or deep myoses).

Antifungal agents are usually prescribed depending on the localization of the lesion, such as the causative agent, antifungal spectrum of the drug, the features of its pharmacokinetics and toxicity.

1. Means used in the treatment of diseases caused by conditionally pathogenic fungi Candida.:

amphotericin in, Lev Roomin, nastatin, naphtyphin, natamycin, clotrimazole, miconazole, ketochenazole, decamexin.

2. Means used in dermatomicosis (keratomicosis, epidermomics, trichomycosis):

griestulfine, terbinafin, miconazole, ketochenazole, decamexin, undercinic acid, Sanguiritrine.

3. Means used in systemic methods:

amphotericin in, flucitozin, ketoconazole, miconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, griseofullvin.

Classification of antifungal drugs

Antifungal drugs are classified by the chemical structure, according to the characteristics of the spectrum of activity, pharmacokinetics and clinical application With different mycoses.

I. POLYEN:

Nystatin

Lev Room

Natamicin

Amphotericin B.

Amphotericin in liposomal.

For systemic use

Ketokonazole.

Fluconazole.

Iratenazole.

For local applications

Clotrimazole

Mikonazole.

Bifonazole.

Ekonazole.

Izokonazole.

Oxyconazole.

III. Allillana:

For systemic use

Terbinefin.

For local applications

Naphtyphin.

IV. Preparations of different groups:

For systemic use

Griefullvin

Potassium yodid

For local applications

Fortorolfin

Cyclopirox.

Polyena

To polyenses that are natural antimitics include nastatin, leviversity and natamycin, used locally and inside, as well as amphotericin B, used mainly to treat heavy systemic mixes. Liposomal amphotericin B is one of the modern dosage forms of this polyene with improved tolerability. It is obtained by encapsulating amphotericin in in liposomes (fat bubbers formed during dispersing in phospholipid water), which ensures the release of the active substance only when the fungus and the animation of the fungus and the other tissue is concerned.

Mechanism of action.

Obtained, depending on the concentration, they can have both a fungistatic and a fungicidal effect due to the binding of the drug with ergosterol fungal membrane, which leads to a violation of its integrity, loss of the contents of the cytoplasm and cell death.

Unwanted reactions.

Nystatin, Lev Room, Natamicin

Under systemic application:

PCT:pain in the abdomen, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.

Allergic reactions:raw, itching, Stevens-Jones syndrome (rarely).

Under the local application:

irritation of the skin and mucous membranes accompanied by a feeling of burning sensation.

Amphotericin V.

Reactions to intravenous infusion:fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, headache, hypotension. Prevention: Premedication by the introduction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents (paracetamol, ibuprofen) and antihistamine drugs (diphenhydramine).

Local reactions:pain at the place of infusion, phlebitis, thrombophlebitis. Preventionmers: Introduction of heparin.

Kidney:functional impairment is a decrease in diuresis or polyuria. Control measurements: monitoring clinical urine analysis.

PCT:abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.

Nervous system:headache, dizziness, paresis, sensitivity disorders, tremor, convulsions.

Allergic reactions:rash, itching, bronchospasm.

Amphotericin in liposomal.

Compared with the standard drug, the anemia, campus, chills, hypotension, less nephrotoxic, causes less frequently.

Indications.

Nystatin, Lev Room.

Candidal vulvovaginitis.

Preventive application is inefficient!

Natamicin.

Candidiasis of the skin, oral cavity and pharynx, intestines.

Candidal vulvovaginitis.

Candidose balanopostitis.

Trichomonas vulvovaginitis.

Amphotericin V.

Heavy forms of systemic mycoses:

Invasive candidiasis;

Aspergillosis;

Cryptococcosis;

Spothost;

Mulkumikosis;

Trichospose;

Fusariosis;

Feootifomycosis;

Endemic mycoses (blastomycosis, cocidoid, paracoccidioidosis, histoplasmosis, penicillio).

Candidiasis of the skin and mucous membranes (locally.

Leishemaniosis.

Primary amoebic meninoencefelite caused N.. fowleri..

Amphotericin in liposomal.

Heavy forms of systemic mycoses (see amphotericin B) in patients with bed insufficiency, with the ineffectiveness of the standard drug, with its nephrotoxicity or non-contaminated premedication of pronounced reactions to intravenous infusion.

Contraindications.

For all polishes:

Allergic reactions to polyenov group drugs.

Additionally for amphotericin in:

Liver disorders;

Renal impairment;

Diabetes.

All contraindications are relative, since amphotericin in almost always applied according to life indications.

Azole

Azoles are the most representative group of synthetic antimicotics including medicinal products for systemic ( ketoconazole, Fulconazole, Itraconazole) and local ( bifonazole, Isokonazole, Clotrimazole, Mikonazole, Oxyconazole, Econazole) Applications. It should be noted that the first of the proposed "systemic" azols - ketoconazole - after introducing into the clinical practice of itraconazole, it almost lost its value due to high toxicity and is more often used more often.

Mechanism of action.

Azols possess a predominantly fungistatic effect, which is associated with inhibiting cytochrome P-450-dependent 14 °-demethylase, catalyzing the conversion of Lanosterol to ergosterol - the main structural component of the fungal membrane. Local drugs when creating high local concentrations in respect of a row of mushrooms can act on fungicide.

Unwanted reactions.

Common for all system azols:

PCT:pain in the abdomen, impaired appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, 0 constipation.

CNS:headache, dizziness, drowsiness, violation, vision, paresthesia, tremor, convulsions.

Allergic reactions:raw, itching, exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome (more often when using fluconazole).

Hematological reactions:thrombocytopenia, agranulocytosis.

Liver:increasing the activity of transaminases, cholestatic jaundice.

Common for local azols:

When intravaginal use:itching, burning, hyperemia and swelling of the mucous membrane, discharge from the vagina, the increase in urination, pain during intercourse, the feeling of burning in the penis in the sexual partner.

Indications.

Inrambonezole.

Dermatomicosis:

Epidermofitilation;

Tricky;

Micrachemistry.

Founded deprived.

Candidiasis of the esophagus, leather and mucous membranes, nails, candidomic paronychus, vulvovaginitis.

Cryptococcosis.

Aspergillosis (with resistance or poor portability of amphotericin B).

Pseudoalleceryosis.

Feootifomycosis.

Chromomicosis.

Spotrichoz.

Endemic myoses.

Prevention of mycoses with AIDS.

Fluconazole.

Invasive candidiasis.

Candidiasis of the skin, mucous membranes, esophagus, candidomic paronychus, onychomicosis, vulvovaginitis).

Cryptococcosis.

Dermatomicosis:

Epidermofitilation;

Tricky;

Micrachemistry.

Founded deprived.

Spotrichoz.

Pseudoalleceryosis.

Trichosporosis.

Some endemic myoses.

Ketoconazole.

Candidiasis of the skin, esophagus, candidomic paronychus, vulvovaginitis.

Freewood deprived (systemically and locally).

Dermatomycosis (locally).

Seborine eczema (locally).

Paraconcidiodosis.

Azoles for local applications.

Candidiasis of the skin, oral cavity and pharynx, candidal vulvovaginitis.

Dermatomicosis:

Triprophides and epidermofitium smooth skin;

Brushes and stop with limited lesions.

With onisomicosis, inffective.

Founded deprived.

Erytrazm.

Contraindications.

Allergic reaction to the drugs of the group of azoles.

Pregnancy (system).

Breastfeeding (system).

Heavy liver disorders (ketoconazole, itraconazole).

Age up to 16 years (itraconazole).