The resulting trichinell larvae through the intestinal mucous membrane penetrate the blood and lymphatic vessels. Together with blood current, they are spread throughout the body, while the lesion of cross-striped muscle tissue is most often noted. Due to the presence of special enzymes, the larva penetrates the inside of the muscle fiber and continues its development there. In response to an alien agent, the body is trying to protect it from the surrounding tissues by forming a connective tissue capsule, which is calcified in several months. The following muscle is the favorite location of the localization of Helmint:

• Ionic.
• Intercostal.
• Chewable.
• Deltaidid.
• Diaphragm.
• Language muscles.

According to the pathogenesis, signs and symptoms of trichinosis can be divided into three groups:

1. Inflammatory response in response to the introduction of trichinells. The penetration of helminth in the intestines and attachment to the mucous membrane causes an inflammatory process. An important role in this is playing Helmint metabolic products.
2. Allergic reaction. Penetration of trichinell larvae into systemic blood flow leads to the formation of antibodies, but the flow of trichinosis is accompanied by an immunosuppression. Therefore, the body is not able to fully resist the disease. Exacerbates the severity of symptoms. The presence of products of the decay of their own fabrics.
3. Immuno-pathological changes. The appearance of symptoms is due to the pronounced infiltration and activity of allergic lesion. Infiltrates containing immature trichinell shapes are found in the brain, heart muscle, lung, liver. Heavy organic lesions and signs of systemic vasculitis are observed.

During the disease, the incubation period is distinguished, the acute phase and the period of recovery. By the flow of the disease, there is an ether, light, moderate severity and severe forms. Treatment will depend on the severity of the pathological process.

The incubation period on average lasts 2-3 weeks, but maybe more than a month. During this period, a person can not disturb anything. Then comes the manifestation of the disease. The most common symptoms of trichinosis in the acute phase is:

• Increase body temperature, fever. These are signs of intoxicating the human body. An increase in body temperature under this pathology is incorrect. Typical lifts up to 40 degrees, which are saved for several days, and then there is a decrease. A lighter flow is characterized by a long subfebilite, and with an erased clinical picture, the temperature increase may not be.
• Malgy - pain in the muscles. The painful sensations are enhanced with the movements and palpation of the infiltrated muscle larvae. First, the symptom appears in the calf muscles, then in the berical and back. There is a trend towards an uptorm striking - pain arise in the muscles of the abdomen, the upper limbs. In more severe cases, patients with trichinelles occur pain in the muscles of the language, chewing and ooo muscular muscles.
• Personal swelling and especially eyelid. The symptom appears in the first days of the disease. This is a specific feature of this helminthosis. The first occurs in the edema of the eyelids, then applies to underground structures. Can join conjunctivitis.
• Increased eosinophil levels in clinical blood test. The analysis demonstrates an increase in eosinophils from the first days of the disease. This is the answer of the body for the introduction of helminth. And in the period from 2 to 4 week, the analysis shows the maximum increase. Also, a clinical blood test helps determine the severity of the lesion. The more pronounced rise of eosinophils, the hardest disease flows. In addition, the rate of sedimentation of red blood cells increases, a change in the level of proteins may be observed.

In addition to the main symptoms, a polymorphic rash as a manifestation of an allergic reaction occurs during trichinelosis. Also observed abdominal pain, digestion disorder. Infiltration of organs leads to the development of myocarditis, pneumonia, meningoencephalitis with the development of relevant symptoms, so it is very important to carry out timely treatment and prevention. Blood test can show pathological symptoms from the coagulation system.

Methods of confirmation

Not only characteristic symptoms help confirm infection. Pi formulation of diagnosis take into account the anamnestic data, namely the fact of use of infected meat, not subject to proper thermal processing. To confirm, the laboratory tests are shown:

• Analysis on detecting the pathogen in meat (a special device helps to identify the larvae).
• Analysis on the identification of trichinell larvae in human muscles when conducting a biopsy of an icy or deltoid muscle.
• Analysis on the definition of antibodies to Helmint.
• Allergic samples.

Detection of larvae in meat is not only diagnostic manipulation. The method also relates to methods for the prevention of invasion.

Approaches to therapy and professionality

Treatment of trichinelosis includes two directions - the fight against the causative agent and eliminating the consequences of its invasion. As a etiotropic treatment, drugs are used, destructive on trichinelle and on its encapsulated forms. These include drugs such as furnacesol, Mintesol, Albendazole.

The furnish is prescribed in a daily dose of 300 mg, divided into 3 receptions. Take drugs recommended after meals. The duration of treatment determines the doctor depending on the severity of the symptoms, on average it is about two weeks.

Preparations of the Mithsol and Albendazole are less effective regarding the causative agent of the disease. In this regard, they are shown as treatment with the impossibility of using furnishings.

Considering the amount of drugs, it is clear that the price of treatment can be high. But the fact that the complications of helminthosis often lead to a fatal outcome, indicates the need for therapy under the control of the doctor and preventing the progression of pathology. Any amateurness at home increases the risk of unfavorable outcome. Treatment of trichinellosis by folk remedies is also not recommended. First, efficiency is significantly lower, and secondly, the likelihood of the development of complications and the spread of the pathological process increases largely.

Trichinelosis prevention occupies a very important role and first should be carried out by veterinary and hooting organizations. Their task is to identify the source and prevent the spread of Helmint. An important role is played by checking and disposal of animal corpses.

Individual prevention of trichinelosis includes:

1. The use of only meat undergoes sufficient thermal processing.
2. Do not use unsung, unfaded, as well as meat, bought from the hands of unverified sources. In certified shops and points of sale, all meat products are subjected to trichinelosxopia (this requires a special device). It is worth noting that only thermal processing helps to avoid infection at home, while smoking and the soling of Trichinella is preserved.
3. Meat, mined on the hunt, should be sent to the laboratory. There, a special device for trichinelloscopy helps to reveal trichinell larvae in muscle tissue. Such a device also helps to identify trematodes in fish meat, that is, the prevention of diseases such as opistorhosis.

Trichinleoses are a great threat. The course of the disease is often accompanied by serious complications. Therefore, it is important to comply with prevention measures and test a suspicious meat product in the laboratory. Special device helps checking.

A person is infected with the use of raw or poorly thermally treated meat. And the sensitivity of people to this type of helminths is high. Practice shows that it is enough to eat 15 grams of an infected product to get sick.

It is worth noting that the infection of trichinelles is always family. If one of the household fell in the family, then the likelihood that everyone is infected, equals 100%.

What is a diagnosis, and what analysis determines that trichinells settled in the human body, and what is the prevention?

Features of the course of the disease

Trichinella (Trichinella Spiralis) is barely visible with the naked nematode eye. When it turns into an adult individual, it is localized most often in the small intestine, and a large intestine chooses the place of residence.

The course of this pathology is characterized by a special complexity, and is accompanied by a whole complex of pathological reactions of the body, due to penetration into the body of the "starting mechanism" - trichinells.

Trichinelles in humans flows at certain stages:

• Enzyme-toxic (this is the first 14 days of infection).
• The allergic stage begins on the 14-16 day of infection, its duration is a couple of weeks.
• Immunopathological stage.

On the allergic stage in patients, feverish condition, swelling is revealed, the catarrhal syndrome is formed in the lungs, respiratory disorders, articular and muscle pain.

Immunopathological stage follows intensive infection. It is accompanied by allergic vasculitis (inflammatory processes that arise in the vascular blood walls) are affected by the internal organs.

In the liver, brain and the remaining internal organs, nodule infiltrates occur.

A characteristic sign of infection is the daily fluctuation of the temperature regime of the body within a few degrees (such a state can last several weeks), muscle and articular pains, rashes on human skin, face swelling.

Options for the course of the disease can differ significantly in terms of the severity of pathology, the duration of the incubation period, the duration of the feverish state, respectively, and the outcome. Relying on the medical classification, trichinels are divided into forms of invasion:

1. Erased infection.
2. Easy infection.
3. Middle severity invasion.
4. Heavy form of helminthosis.

During the development itself, the disease is divided into certain periods: the incubation period, the time of acute symptoms, the period of development of complications, the period of recurrence.

If we speak on average, the incubation time varies from 10 to 25 days. In a number of situations, this time interval can be up to 45 days. Based on medical practice, it can be said that the duration of the incubation period is proportional to the severity with which the disease occurs.

The following signs of trichinelosis are distinguished:

• Headaches.
• Total weakness and malaise.
• Eveniness of the eyelids and face.
• Periodic increase in body temperature.
• Muscle pain.
• Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye.
• Allergic reactions of different location.

The patient of a person may have the following signs of infection: sleep disorder, in particular insomnia, hallucinations, depressive syndrome. In some cases, when pathology proceeds in very intense and severe form, resistant mental and neurological syndromes are revealed.

Diagnosis of the disease

Trichinelles are diagnosed on the basis of a clinical picture of the patient, epidemiological history (eating a man's raw meat or not, whether it works with raw meat and so on), as well as analyzes that were conducted in laboratory conditions.

Common blood test shows the amount of eosinophils in the blood. Such an analysis is important because it shows the content of blood cells that contribute to the development of allergic reactions.

Analysis by serological reaction. The patient's biological fluid (blood) is investigated for the presence of antibodies to trichinells.

1. The meat is investigated, which is presumably the source of infection (undoubtedly, provided that it is possible to explore this product).
2. The biopsy of the muscle in which the patient is experiencing pain.

Such diagnostics are rarely carried out, because in some cases the analysis can show a negative result, although in reality in patient trichinelle.

Treatment of trichinelosis

In a number of situations, when a patient has a severe pathology, the course of treatment can significantly increase, but solely on the appointment of the attending physician.

To reduce the intensity of pain syndrome in muscles, painkillers are recommended that buy pain. With a strong severity of the allergic reaction, antihistamine pills are prescribed.

1. Myocarditis can go to the sharp form of heart failure.
2. Inflammatory processes in cerebral shells.
3. Hepatitis, pneumonia.
4. Inflammatory kidney pathologies.
5. Inflammatory processes in the vascular walls of blood vessels.
6. Paralysis.

Prevention

Preventive measures are in careful and proper processing of raw meat, which kills Trichinel's larvae. At temperature mode, 80 degrees and more, the meat product is disinfected.

Prevention should be carried out not only in a separate family to protect the health of households - Son, wives, husband, daughter, but also on a different level. It is necessary to rationally equip the pigsties, fight rodents.

The prevention of trichinosis implies the refusal to eat a raw saline with meat layers, as well as in the overall salt or smoked pork. In the pork ham, the larvae may be viable for 12 months, and even more. It is worth noting that the cooking of a meat product with small pieces for 3-4 hours reliably relieve the larvae.

Trichinelles is called such a disease, which is characterized by an extensive clinical picture, the severity of negative symptoms, damage to internal organs, and serious complications, up to death.

Therefore, when observing the characteristic features, it is recommended to immediately consult a doctor. Only timely treatment guarantees a favorable forecast. In this article, Elena Malysheva will tell you how not to infect trichinelles.

In addition to animals and people, there are still a lot of various organisms in nature. And they live just because of their "owners" - people and animals. They poison their livelihoods of organisms, and also cause terrible pathologies to cope with which it does not always work.

This can be seen in the photo of the symptoms of trichinosis in humans.

Symptoms of trichinellosis in humans

Worms live everywhere, in any corner of the world. The exclusion is Australia, but most of all in the north. The terrain with large natural foci is also characterized by a high degree of incidence among the population.

You can get infected both from home and wild animals.

As infection occurs

It is enough to eat 10 grams of meat to reward yourself with this disease. Not all understand this. Moreover, most people do not know that almost every day risks to get infected. This category of people includes lovers of poorly roasted meat with blood.

In addition to meat products, the source of the disease can be fat. Infection is often epidemiological character. For example, people get sick by whole groups if they rested together on kebabs, the whole company would be sick, if they went to hike the whole group, the whole group is sick and so on.

Trichinella

It is important to know that the larvae is killed only 80 degrees. Therefore, the method of smoking and the solment will not affect the life of helminths.

Clinical manifestations of trichinelosis

The symptoms of a person will not be if Trichinells amaze it for the first time in life. But it is important that the symptoms of trichinosis will be absent only at the initial stage. At the same time, they can make themselves to know the following phenomena:

• digestive problems;
• soreness in the abdomen;
• weakness;
• disps disappointments.

But in most cases, people do not pay attention to these manifestations and take signs of trichinelosis in a person for ordinary poisoning or pathology of the digestive system.

However, at the next stage of development of the disease, the larva will get to the muscles and then the symptoms of trichinelosis, as in the photo above, will let them know in all its glory, namely:

• there will be severe muscular pain;
• the body temperature will rise;
• blush eyes;
• the face will become edema;
• the patient will be sensitive to light;
• start disturbing strong headaches;
• a person will feel the constant decay of forces;
• may be disturbed by the systemic itching body.

Strong headache one of the symptoms of trichinosis

When the larvae turns into capsules, the disease reaches its final stage of development. At this stage, symptoms becomes less pronounced.

The defeat of the body, which caused helminths, can end for a person fatally, because it is very important to establish the correct diagnosis and start treatment in time.

What are the consequences of the disease

Such a severe disease, like trichinosis, can not be allowed on samonek. It always makes serious harm to the body, especially if you do not take the necessary medical measures. As a result of this ailment, as suffering, above all, immunity, CNS, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory organs, etc.

Even with timely treatment, the disease causes serious harm to protective forces. As a result, myocarditis, lung inflammation, etc. can develop, etc. Cases of death.

Diagnostic measures

Unfortunately, this ailment today has not yet been fully studied. Not always, in the formulation of the diagnosis of the doctor, the correct diagnostic tactics complies, which is due to the time.

It is important to pass the following diagnostic stages:

Inexperienced and unfair doctors may mistaken due to the similarity of symptoms to put such a diagnosis as dysentery, a common cold and the like.

When contacting the doctor, choose only a competent specialist, it is possible on the recommendation of your loved ones whose opinion you respect. If some doctor is questioned, go to another. This disease is very serious, because even if you do not have it, it is very important to exclude it. Specialist special attention should be paid to resistant eosinophilia and increased leukocytes.

The differential diagnosis of trichinellosis is very important. It is to find the differences of this ailment from others.

Medical events

In order not to reach the critical state, the hunters for the game, and all the other meat lovers should know how to check it on suitability. You can conduct an express trichinelle test at home, which is very difficult, expensive and little informative. The best solution is the analysis of trichinosis in veterinary examination.

It is impossible to get helminth from meat, but you can deframe the source of the infection. The earlier the symptoms of trichinelosis in humans are revealed, the more effective the treatment of symptoms of trichinelosis in humans.

After installing the diagnosis, as a rule, resort to the following therapeutic methods:

Treatment of severe forms of pathology is carried out under hospital. The doctor warns the patient that the pain in the muscles can be observed within six months.

How to check meat

To prevent the risk of infection with trichinells, it makes sense to check the meat in special laboratories. Professionals recommend not to compare meat grown at home and game. In any of these cases it can be dangerous for a person.

Typically, the meat is checked in a laboratory. Take with you completely all the carcass, cuts are taken from different parts. For this purpose, take parts with the most developed blood supply system: intercostal part, chewing muscles, tongue, etc. It is in these parts of the larvae.

To check the meat of the house, you need to purchase a special device. As a rule, they are able to use experienced hunters. With the help of technology, you can see the larvae yourself, they have an oval or round shape.

If you see at least one larva, you need to get rid of the entire carcass, as it is unsuitable for consumption.

Methods of prevention

Prevent trichinelles is much easier than fighting with it, so special attention should be paid to the prevention. Choose meat for cooking with the mind, proceed correctly before use.

Bind-free game lovers who love to enjoy meat right by the fire in the forest should get rid of this habit. Be sure to conduct sanitary control of domestic animals.

The remaining preventive measures are as follows:

It must be remembered that any meat like a boar and chicken can cause trichinelosis, therefore it does not matter where meat comes from: homemade either brought from hunting. Remember that the larvae of worms live in three days under the lowest temperature minus 23 degrees.

Freeze products need not less than seven days and ensure that the temperature is constantly minus 23. Only so you can protect yourself. Your health in your hands and is often dangerous finds us where it is not waiting for it, therefore it is always to be very attentive to what you eat.

In contact with

Causes of widespread trichinelosis:

Good adaptability of the pathogen to high and low temperatures provided it with living in many climatic zones;

The human body is extremely susceptible to this disease;

Galminithosis group outbreaks are not uncommon among the members of one collective or one family, used meat with trichinells;

Repeated cases of infection occur due to unstable immunity formed after primary invasion.

Methods of infection trichinelles

The development of trichinosis in the human body after infection:

Incubation period of trichinosis.It lasts from 5 to 30 days, more often - 10-25 days. There are no symptoms of the disease. There is a regularity - the harder form, the longer the latent (hidden) period.

Period of patch. The long period of development of symptoms indicates the development of severe trichinellosis.

Easy and medium-haul form - Symptoms:

Hyperthermia. The temperature increases slightly, more than 37 ° C, the daily amplitude varies within 1 ° C.

Eyefather on the body and limbs. Its reason is an allergic reaction to the introduction of alien protein. A characteristic symptom is a "froggy face" in the patient.

Rash on the skin. It has different forms:

In the form of an allergic urticaria - pink bubbles of various sizes, pale with pressing;

Raised over the surface of the skin itching bubbles (fragmentary rash);

Balax groups merging with each other (Papulose rash).

Meningoencephalitis is inflammation of the shells of the brain.

Inflammation of the lungs (eosinophilic). The disease is caused by an increased concentration in tissue of light eosinophils - allergic reaction products. It is possible to develop, the appearance of symptoms.