What is an atheroma, as it manifests itself and is treated, every person should be known when it is necessary to call upon her occurrence, since women and men of all ages are subject to ather, and even children. There are such tumors may occur on any part of the body, but usually they arise in places in which the sebaceous glands are more developed.

Such neoplasms are often called wen, because the contents of the atheroma are nothing more than the subcutaneous fat. Clinical picture Diseases are reduced to a visual cosmetic defect without other symptoms. If not to treat atheroma, it can be bothering. When new formation arises, the reasons for the appearance, diagnosis and symptoms affect the choice of tactics of therapy. The most optimal method of treatment of wen is a surgical method.

What is atheroma

Atheroma is a benign skin tumor, which is formed from cells song hardwarelocated in the thicker of the epidermis. Atteroma has other names: epidermal, follicular, epidermoid fat cyst. Most often, such pathology of the row can occur on the skin of the face, on the scalp, in the groin, in the hip area, on the back and in the axillary depressures. As the tumor (cyst) develops, it grows in size, but never reincines the malignant neoplasm.

Atheroma is a tumor, which consists of a subcutaneous capsule, filled with a mass of cotton consistency of white or yellowish color. There is a cyst, because in the camp of the gland, the duct is blocked, in which the rigorous mass accumulates. Sometimes in the middle of the tumor there is a small hole, through which it is possible to squeeze (which is not recommended) a curly substance with an unpleasant odor).

More often the formation of this cycle is single, but sometimes, especially on the head, atheromatosis can develop - multiple fatty tumors. Gradually, a closed cavity of the wen fills the new subcutaneous fat, which leads to the stretching of the tissues and, accordingly, the growth of the atheroma. People who have large atters formed, should be known than such a cyst is dangerous.

The reasons

The reason for the occurrence of atheroma in the blockage of the row of the subcutaneous lard. Often the blockage occurs if surface cell structures penetrate into the subcutaneous layer, or there was mechanical damage to the gland itself. The appearance of fatty cysts contribute:

• heredity;
• excessive sweating;
• failures of exchange processes;
• non-compliance with personal hygiene norms;
• violation of hormonal balance;
• damage to the sebaceous glands;
• inflammatory processes in the skin.

The female part of the population may arise due to the use of poor quality cosmetics, as well as due to the extrusion of acne or acne. Cell structures penetrate the sebaceous glands if the skin is periodically injured.

What atheroma looks like

With an unmercial atheroma cyst is defined as an education having round shape. With small weights, it can be determined only when palpation of the area of \u200b\u200bthe neoplasm. When the atteroma of large sizes at the top of the skin appears tight to the touch ball. The skin is messed with wen, therefore does not move on top of it, but along with the skin, the neoplasm is moving. In the center of Atteroma there is a sulk gland yield. Skin covering over education is not different in color or structure from healthy sections.

Places of appearance

Atheroma occurs anywhere with sall glands. The most common location places:

• spin - girovik on it can reach five centimeters in size;
• neck - education on it is rarely inflated;
• the ear of the ear - often there is a congenital form in children;
• scrotum - often found in multiple form (atheromatosis);
• milk Iron - Fatik susceptible to inflammation;

Regardless of the location of localization, pathology should be treated to avoid complications.

Symptoms

At the atherom, the symptoms are concluded only in external manifestations, that is, a person can see a small neoplasm, towering above the surface of the skin. If the cyst is very small, then it can only be groping. The skin over the atteroma and around it is normal, no painful sensations do not deliver fat. At atheroma without complications, the disease represents only a cosmetic defect.

If the wiring infection occurred, for example, when trying to squeeze it or independently remove in any other way, for example, by cutting the skin at home, the following signs arise:

• soreness;
• rapid growth of wen;
• hyperthermia surrounding fabrics;
• swelling;
• changing the color of the skin over the formation;
• increase the total body temperature.

In case of infection in the blood, symptoms of general intoxication of the body occur.

Complications

Girodics can be in humans for years, but sooner or later there are complications of atteroma. When the large sizes reach, the atheroma capsule can independently open, after which an ulcer is formed on the surface of the skin. In addition, abscess may occur (subcutaneous suppuration). A dense capsule may form around the sebaceous gland, this process is called squeezing.

Most often, the rigorous cyst is caught up and inflammation of the atheroma arises, to which:

• skin pollution and non-compliance with hygienic standards;
• systematic damage to the area of \u200b\u200bcysts;
• the use of folk treatment methods;
• other dermatological diseases.

Ate the neoplasm was incited, it increases in size, the skin is stretched over it and becomes red. Often through the tensioning skin is shifted by a light mass, which is in the cyst. Arise painful feelingswhich make the patient contact the doctor. If a person is trying to squeeze the contents of the capsule, then it threatens the development of an abscessant atheroma, in which the surrounding tissues swell strongly, there is edema, an increase in the nearest lymph nodes, as well as signs of general intoxication.

If pathological microorganisms from atteroma fall into the bloodstream, it can lead to sepsis. With the appearance of the first symptoms that are absent if education is not inflamed, it is necessary to urgently carry a person in surgery departmentWhere the doctor will conduct emergency operational intervention.

Diagnostics

To form a diagnosis, an external inspection is carried out, the palpation of the neoplasm and ultrasound procedure. When atteromes, the Zhirovik capsule will be clearly visible. Externally and on the signs of this disease resembles lipoma, so during the survey it is necessary to conduct differential diagnosis. Can any dermatologist who knows the features of these two neoplasms:

• Lipoma is also a benign neoplasm, but it consists not from a rowing gland, but directly from adipose tissue. In fact, it is just a cluster of body fat under the skin, which does not have a shell with cavity.
• Lipoma, unlike atteroma, never inflicts.
• On the lipoma there is no output flow of the sebaceous gland.
• To the touch of lipom is softer atheroma and more flat on the view.
• Lipoma is less mobile, but the skin moves above it, as it does not have spikes.
• Lipoma almost never occurs in places that are typical to localize atheroma.
• Lipoma often grows more than 5 centimeters, while the size of the atheroma, mostly 2 - 3 centimeters.

In order to accurately determine the nature of the neoplasm, the doctor may prescribe a patient a histological study that will help differentiate linden from other more dangerous neoplasms - fibromes and hygromas. If the girow is incited, the skin furuncle should be eliminated.

Treatment

After diagnosis, the doctor prescribes treatment. It is worth remembering that folk remedies Do not help cure girovik. The treatment of atheroma is most often carried out by the method of surgical intervention. Operational intervention allows you to completely get rid of the wiring, but in ten percent of cases it may appear again, provided that the doctor does not completely remove the capsule.

The operation is carried out under local anesthesia, the doctor dissects the skin, produces the contents of the capsule, after which it derses it. With the performer at first, the doctor reveals an affinity, prescribes anti-inflammatory and antibacterial therapy, and only after inflammation comes up, conducts a re-operation to remove the capsule. It is better not to bring the neoplasm to infection, since after removing the purulent wins, the wound is not carried out, it should be heated by means of secondary tension, which reserves a rough scar.

It is often practiced with a laser. Removal with a laser is necessary, ate new formation struck the face or other parts of the body, on which the scars cannot be left. The method of laser therapy is also used if a person has any contraindications to the operation. After laser therapy, there are no scars, but education can not be deleted.

Prevention

Prevent the blockage of the sebaceous glands, if adhere to the following preventive measures:

• do not neglect the rules of personal hygiene;
• do the skin steam baths;
• use masks and scrubs for deep purification of the face;
• avoid injury to the skin;
• do not eat with large content animal fats and carbohydrates;
• use for makeup only high-quality cosmetics and be sure to rinse it overnight;
• do not apply on the face of powder and tonal creams daily.

Although atheroma is almost safe illness, there are serious complications in some cases. Preventing the emergence of wiring, a person prevents and consequences from its complications.

That is, this is a subcutaneous capsule containing a curly mass. This cottage mass is the accumulated selection of rowers, which often have nasty smell. Sometimes there is a hole in the middle of the formation, from which the contents of the unpleasant color and smell are distinguished. Sometimes atters are multiple.

Causes of atheroma?

The reasons for the appearance of the atherom set. Most often atheroma arises due to blockage of the delayed duct duct of the sebaceous gland or edema hair follicula (Pouch). Follicle swelling can occur due to damage. As a rule, one hair grows from one follicle (hair bag) and after injury and hair removal, the output of the bag can be blocked, especially against the background of high testosterone content. The remaining part of the row continues to allocate hasty allocations and due to former follicle Increases in size and turns into a large ather. Injury or gap of the sebaceous glands. Part of such an eye after an injury or inflammatory process (boil or carbuncoon) can be under the skin, and since iron continues to work and highlight a greasy secret - atheroma appears. At the appearance of atters may also affect the hereditary factor and hormonal, as increased content Testosterone.

What inside atteroma?

The contents of the atheroma fill the selection, as a rule of the sebaceous glands. As a rule, these are fatty and energous substances of the fibrous structure. Externally, this mixture resembles cottage cheese. If the infection has penetrated into the atheroma, the contents turn into a purulent mass of different colors from white to brown and with blood admixture.

Who atteroma appears more often?

Atteromes are very often found in most people throughout life, at least one appears. They appear without apparent reason. The truth is that men appear twice as often. By age - the peak of the appearance of atters falls for 20-30 years, but people are treated for a doctor more often at a later age when atters are growing to impressive sizes.

What part of the atheroma body appear more often?

Atheroma most often found on the scalp, face, ears, neck, shoulders, back and chest. In men, atters are found on the scrotum. On the scalp, if the atheroma is for a long time - this can lead to loss of hair in this area, directly above the atteroma.

What is the danger of atheroma?

Atheroma belong to benign neoplasms (not cancer), but they can become a chronic focus of infection, which leads to other complications. Atheroma, even if not infected bacterial infectionmay become inflamed and swollen. During the inflammation, the atheroma is very difficult to remove, so the operation in such a period can be postponed. Serious complications of atters are its gap and infection that can lead to abscess and even phlegmon. Very rarely, atters can lead to basal and flat-belling skin cancer, but since it rarely happens, the histological examination of the atheroma is not carried out.

How to find out that atheroma is inflamed and infected?

Symptoms and symptoms pointing to the inflammation of the atteroma: it is reddening the skin over atteroma, swelling, an increase in size, pain that increases with touch, temperature rise, selection of a substance over a white-gray atteroma with an unpleasant odor. If a person has at least one of the listed signs - then it is necessary to urgently consult a surgeon.

When contacting the surgeon

The doctor will hold a survey, inspection, put an accurate diagnosis. For the diagnosis of atheroma, an ultrasound examination is sometimes required, consulting an oncologist or dermatologist. After the diagnosis of the doctor will appoint adequate treatment. If it is surgical treatment, then it will tell how it will be carried out: in what volume, which method, under what anesthesia. Be sure to ask for tolerance medicines, allergies, the presence of concomitant diseases, for example sugar diabetesreception medicinal preparationsaffecting a blood coagulation system. The latter may be contraindicated to surgical intervention. In accordance with generally accepted treatment protocols, a preoperative laboratory survey will appoint. After that, assign the date of the operation or will spend on the day of appeal if possible.

How many days is required to go to the hospital

The operation is usually carried out outpatient and as a rule, in most cases, hospitalization is not required.

How long will the survey operation be held? The operation to remove the atheroma is carried out as a rule in the outpatient conditions, under local anesthesia. The duration of the operational intervention itself is 15-25 minutes, but the total time taken jointly with the preparation, followed by the imposition of the dressing, the design of the documentation is 45-70 minutes.

What anesthesia is used when removing the atheroma?

The removal of atheroma in most cases is carried out under local anesthesia. The use of anesthesia is irrational. Local anesthesia is an introduction of anesthetic with a syringe with a needle into the skin and subcutaneous tissue surrounding and covering atheroma or simply speaking, the injection is performed by an anesthetic. General anesthesia, that is, the anesthesia or regional conductor anesthesia are carried out in case of indications, for example, with a giant atheroma.

Before surgery

On the day of operation, 4 hours before the operational intervention, it is desirable not to eat anything and not to drink. Before the operation itself, there is a consent to operational intervention and photographing the place where the atheroma is located.

Emergency surgical treatment with inflammation atteroma

If the atheroma infection occurred, the inflammation and the abscess was formed, then remove the atheroma is not possible. In this case, in sterile conditions under local anesthesia, the atheroma is revealed, purulent contents are evacuated, washed and drained. IN postoperative period Often requires the purpose of antibiotics. Further, the wound is delayed under the laws of purulent surgery, the so-called secondary tension. In this case, the atherom will need to be removed after 3 months to avoid recurrence of inflammation.

Planned surgical treatment

The planned operation, as a rule, passes through the following algorithm:

1. Preparation and processing of the operating field with deresses.
2. The anesthesia of the region around atteroma is local anesthetics.
3. A cut above the atheroma incision in modern therapeutic institutions can be done both as a scalpel and a Surgitron radio wave knife (Surgitron) or a laser.
4. Next occurs and deserted atteroma. Atheroma may be removed in two different ways: without disrupting the shells of the whole, or with the removal of the contents of the atheroma primarily and the shells in the second. The last method is used if a small incision of the skin or atheroma is fragmented.
5. Next, hemostasis is carried out - that is, it stops bleeding from damaged vessels, if such were.
6. Proceed with wound with decenters.
7. Apply seams on the wound if required. Dependingly, the atheroma was located are imposed resorbing, cosmetic, conventional or reinforced seams (especially in parts of the body, which are actively involved in the organism movement, for example, in the axillary depressions and at the lower back).
8. Apply a aseptic bandage on a wound or sticker, depending on the location of the former atteroma. With small cuts or on the scalp, the bandage does not apply.

Will there be a scar after surgery?

In the area of \u200b\u200bthe cut, immediately after the operation there is a small scar, which must disappear over time. How long will it fade - it depends on the individual characteristics of the body.

What complications may be after surgery?

After removing the atheroma, the tissue liquid with blood clots can accumulate in the resulting cavity. The risk of accumulation of this fluid is that this fluid is a potentially ideal environment for the development of infection. In order for this liquid to do not accumulate - the pressure bandage or drainage is superimposed, for which this fluid flows over the next day and thereby prevents the possibility of the formation of an infectious focus.

After removal of the atheroma during the first day there may be a slight increase in body temperature. But if the rise temperature rises to a high mark (38 Gy), swelling and pain in the postoperative wound region will occur, then urgently refer to the surgeon, which made the operation, to eliminate the penetration of infection into the postoperative wound, even though inflammation And the infection of the postoperative wound occurs rarely. In this case, after inspection, the doctor may assign the use of antibiotics.

What to do to the atters do not appear?

For the prevention and prevention of the appearance of the ather, it is recommended to clean the skin of the face at the beautician and thoroughly wash the face at home, especially in the presence of acne and oily skin. Many doctors recommend to reduce fatty food and with plenty of carbohydrates.

Record to the doctor surgeon, dermatologist

Be sure to go through the consultation of a qualified specialist in the field skin disease In the clinic "Family".

Contrary to the universal opinion of the atheroma is not a tumor. This confusion is provoked by a number of reasons, among which, in the first place, it is necessary to note the presence of sufifix (Mioma, Gemangioma, Lipoma) characteristic of neoplasms. By nature atheroma is a non-inflammatory disease of the row, which leads to the formation of cysts.

Atheroma may occur almost on any body area, but in most cases it occurs in areas with oily leather - On the paddle, on the back in the area between the blades, in the forehead projection, on the back of the head, behind the ears, on the face. This can be explained by an increased amount of sebaceous glands in this area.

Causes of atheroma

For the development of atheroma, one condition is required - the blockage of the sebaceous gland, and specifically its flow. As a result of this incident, the components of the secret are beginning to accumulate in the thicker of the skin. When accumulating inside the grade duct, the iron begins to increase in size. The body tries to stop such a process and forms the cyst - the cavity that is limited by the walls made from the connective tissue.

The blockage of the row can be provoked by such factors:

failure to comply with personal hygiene - particles of earth, dust, dirt and other substances need to be regularly removed from the skin so that the outlines of the sebaceous glands can normally output the secret;

injury to the skin (especially rough or stupid items) - cells of damaged epidermis can penetrate into the ducting gland and eventually close its lumen;

hormonal disorders in the body (especially in case of increasing the number of men's genital hormones - dehydroepiypiderosterone, testosterone) - these substances influence the composition of the secretion of the row. The more thick secret, the higher the probability of the blockage of the duct and the occurrence of the atheroma;

mukobovysidosis - this disease is quite often the cause of the formation of a cyst in output ducts due to the increased density of the secretion of all organism glands. The benefit that this disease is quite rare;

postmenopause - After stopping menstruation, the level of estrogen decreases in the blood. This factor may cause a change in the composition of the skin and eventually lead to the development of atteroma.

In rare cases, a child may have a congenital ear atheroma. In 86% of cases, it is localized slightly kpeed from the ear shell and visually represents a ball-shaped formation with a diameter of 0.5 to 2 cm. The reason for the formation of such an atteroma is a slight defect for the development of the skin in a particular area. This condition does not affect the future condition of the child and cannot be accompanied by other defects.

Symptoms atheroma

An ordinary atheroma is not an inflammatory disease. That is why it is not manifested by any general reactions (weakness, decrease in appetite, lifting body temperature). Also for the coolest gland is not characterized by changing the consistency and color of the skin. Therefore, the signs of the undegraved atheroma are usually a purely cosmetic defect.

Typical places of localization of the coolest gland gland are:

popliteal yams;

• genitals;

  crotch area;

  axillary depressions;

  spin - the site is usually affected between the blades, but the defeat and other skin sections is possible;

  head - chin, heads, face (forehead, ear and neighboring skin sections).

Atteromes never occur on the palms, footsteps, because in these areas of the human body there are no sebaceous glands.

What does the cyst of the Shan gland look like

With visual inspection of the imprommore atteroma, it is possible to determine only the presence of a rounded form formation. Since it is located in the thicker of the skin, even in the case of a small volume of cysts, it can be seen with a naked eye. The diameter of the atheroma may vary from 0.5 to 20 cm and even more. The longer the course of the disease without due therapy - the greater the size of such education.

When palpation of the affected area, the cyst can be shifted to the sides. Its walls are compacted, compared to the surrounding tissues, as a result of the presence of connective tissue structures. When touching education painfulness No missing.

How to differentiate atheroma from other skin formations

Other formations can be formed under the skin, which are fairly easy to confuse with a silana. In order to roughly define before the examination, with which exactly the problem is the specific patient, you should evaluate appearance Education, degree of its mobility and focus consistency.

Differentiate atheroma needs from an increased lymphatic node, fibromes, lipomas. Other tumor-shaped formations under the skin are quite rare.

Characteristic sign				Lymphousel
Appearance	In most cases, it is not visualized, only in case of a serious increase, they can be detected by the naked eye.				It is usually towers above the skin in the form of a rounded formation of the correct form.
Skin mobility over the formation	The skin is movable, because education is deeper.				Atheroma shifts together with the skin, since it is located in its thicker. Displays relative to each other is impossible.
Education density	Soft with palpation	Have dense consistency			Soft with palpation
Soreness during progress	Paoleless		Painful		The unseerable grazing cyst is painless. When the suppuration may occur in the palpation process.

Thanks to such features, you can pre-differentiate an atheroma from other diseases that have similar external manifestations.

Voaging atheroma

Almost the only one possible complication Atheroma is its inflammation. The reason is the penetration of microbial cysts. Such an infection can occur with any skin injuries: scraping, punzes, cuts. For atter on the head and face, the suppuration after independent attempts to squeeze the contents of the gland.

How does inflammation manifest? For a short time, the cyst increases in size. The skin above it begins to acquire a red color and a small swelling can be discovered. When attempting to palpation of the ventilated atteroma, there is quite pronounced pain.

Pump can melt the fabrics, so the cyst can break through the skin on its own. In this case, a small bandage or bactericidal plaster should be applied to the exit place and then contact the doctor - after a thorough inspection, the capsule residue will be removed and qualified wound processing.

It is not necessary to engage in self-treatment, because at home it is quite difficult to remove the residues of the atteroma. If this is not done, then the risk of re-development of education and its spontaneous breakthrough arises.

Diagnostics atheroma

To make a correct diagnosis, it is enough to carry out an ultrasound study of education that is like at the atheroma. If during the study, the presence of cavity will be confirmed, then the likelihood is that this is precisely the pottery. Laboratory studies and other methods instrumental diagnostics Usually, uninformative.

Treatment

First of all, it should be noted that the treatment of atheroma without surgery will not allow one time and forever get rid of this pathology. Any medicine or popular treatment It will not allow to completely destroy the cyst. Even if the patient temporarily feels improvement, after some time there will be a relapse of education.

The arrogant atheroma is an indication for emergency surgery. If there are signs of inflammation of education, it is worth contacting the surgical department of a hospital or an outpatient surgical service. The incommodified cysts of the sowing gland operate in a planned manner, having consisted of interference with the attending physician.

The main purpose of the operation in the presence of atheroma is the removal of cysts along with its content or complete destruction of its structure. Such manipulation can be performed in several ways.

Method of treatment of cysts	Basics of method	The advantages of such treatment
Classic method	With the help of an ordinary scalpel, the skin cut is performed in the projection of the atheroma. The length of the cut depends on the size of education. After that, cyst is allocated and its complete deletion. The wound is sewn with non-disseminating threads, which are subsequently removed by the doctor.	wide accessibility; low cost; when removing this method atteroma on the head of edema is usually less than in the case of the use of other techniques.
Laser method	Due to the creation of a narrow-controlled intense beam of the laser, the destruction of cysts occurs with its contents.	low chance of recurrence cysts; this technique is almost bloodless intervention; after the operation, the scar remains or it is expressed slightly. The negative point is considered the high cost of such techniques and the absence of the necessary equipment in most state hospitals.
Radio wave method	This method Based on the ability of intensive radiation of radio waves to burn pathological tissue.
Electro-generation	In the course of this cyst intervention, it is destroyed by high-frequency electric current.
Argon-plasma coagulation	The operation is performed using a special scalpel, the end of which is equipped with a directed plasma bundle. It destroys pathological education with high accuracy and stops bleeding after excision atheroma on the head.	a small probability of education of the postoperative scar; the operation is bloodless; the technique is available by polish OMS In regional centers and major urban clinics.

Regardless of the method of execution, the operation at a row of a shank gland is carried out under local anesthesia. The average intervention duration is 15-20 minutes.

Treatment of ventilated atteroma

Methods of operational intervention for the treatment of atheroma are similar as with uncomplicated form. The fundamental difference is to complete surgical intervention. After removing the usual cyst of the wound, heels tightly to accelerate the battle of the edges and healing. In the presence of inflamed education, it is unacceptable.

After the excision of the cyst argon, the scalpel or laser wound should remain open. The rubber graduate is placed inside, pre-treated with antiseptic fabric. Complete such operation by applying aseptic dressing.

Postoperative period

In the postoperative period it is extremely important to control the state of the wound. In the first few days after removing the dressing atter, the dressings are performed daily or after a day under the control of the doctor. If the atheroma was inflamed, the rubber graduate is replaced daily, and the tissues are treated with an antiseptic.

On average, the wound healing takes about two weeks. The patient is on an outpatient treatment. In the hospital placed only patients with severe atters. The seams are removed after the formation of good connecting bridges between the edges of the wound. This procedure Painless and does not require local anesthesia, everything goes about 3-5 minutes.

What signs should be alarmed in the postoperative period

Increase body temperature after the excision atheroma. This is an unfavorable sign that can talk about the presence of infection. Already 2-3 days the body temperature should normal.

Blood dressing blood. It can be observed in patients with increased bleeding: during thrombocytopenia and hemophilia, increasing the spleen, lesion of the liver, the reception of anticular drugs ("clopidogrel", "thromboas", "cardiomagnet", "aspirin", "heparin", "kleksan").

The presence of purulent exudate after removing the unrevented cyst.

Insolvency of seams or the discrepancy of the edges of the wound. This feature can be diagnosed independently when changing the dressing.

The discovery of one of the above features is a reason for immediate visit to the doctor. He will evaluate the current situation and adjusts the tactics of postoperative treatment.

FAQ

Is it possible to repeated appearance Atteroma?

Yes, this pathology quite often recurrences. It is believed that part of the cyst cells remains in the wound, and it is they give rise to new education.

What is the seam size after excision atteroma? Is it possible to do without cutting the skin?

The atheroma treatment is based on access to the cyst, but with different methods, the size of the wound is different. The minimum incision is performed with a radio wave therapy technique, maximum - with a classic removal method. If there is no possibility to apply radio-wave equipment and it is important to achieve a cosmetic effect, recommend using an argon-plasma method. At the same time, the scar remains quite rare.

What is the difference atteroma from lipoma?

The most famous name of Lipoma is "Girodik" is a benign tumor. With it there is an excess increase in connective tissue cells. There is such a tumor not in the skin itself, but a little deeper into a layer of fatty fiber.

How to prevent the development of a cooker cyst?

Currently, specific prevention of this formation is absent. Doctors recommend to abide by personal hygiene and process areas of oily skin with scrubies, as well as monitor their own hormonal background.

Can the atheroma be caused by cancer?

Not. Singing gland cyst does not apply to precancerous diseases. Cases of malergization cysts of this kind in cancer in medical practice are not registered.

Is it possible to independent absorption of atteroma?

Not. The cyst for a long time is capable of being able to remain in an unrevented form, but its self-destruction is not observed even when the disease is super long.

I have an unrevented atheroma, but the surgeon does not want to operate it. Why and how to treat atherom?

This is a rather difficult question. It is worth recalling that the doctors are limited by the prescriptions of insurance companies. Thus, they are not able to provide a service that is missing in the list attached to the Policy of the OMS. In some regions, the surgical treatment of unreleased ather OMS is not paid. Therefore, the surgeon cannot perform the operation. From this situation there are two outputs - contact another clinic, which after payment will perform intervention or wait until the atheroma is screwed down. Obviously, the second option is unfavorable in terms of the cosmetic effect.

Is it possible to squeeze the atherom yourself?

This cannot be done under any circumstances, especially if the cyst is located on the head (on the back of the head, in the forehead area, behind the ear). If she inflamed, then blood blood vessels able to penetrate the brain and provoke heavy inflammatory process. Otherwise, the suppuration of the cyst is possible. The optimal solution is the immediate appeal to the surgeon.

Content

The appearance of wen under the skin is an unpleasant thing, especially when it is located in a prominent place - face or urine of the ear. Excessive attention of others causes a discomfort. It is advisable to get rid of such a neoplary, regardless of location. It is not bad to find out if it is not dangerous, in which ways you can cure.

What is atheroma

Subcutaneous seals different size There are often on the human body. Atheroma is a benign tumor that formed as a result of the blockage of the sebaceous glands. It is considered a pile, located close to the skin, filled with a pasty secret with an unpleasant smell. What does the atheroma look like? Education is a capsule similar to a ball that is capable of rolling under the skin. It has clear contours, painless to the touch, in size can be with a chicken egg.

Atheroma - What is it? Unlike lipoma, which is not connected to the skin, this seal is its component. It can be single, not to deliver problems in small sizes. There are varieties of education: atheromatosis, steatocystoma, retention cyst. Ghirovik can be located on all parts of the body. Localization is possible where there are many sebaceous glands - it meets on:

• face;
• scalp;
• breast;
• buttocks;
• shin;
• fingers;
• shoulder;
• chin;
• on sex folds;
• behind the ear;
• on the back;
• in the axillary depressions.

People who have a tendency to the appearance of wen, not bad to engage in the prevention of their education, which includes such events:

• normalization of nutrition;
• refusal to drink alcohol, fast food;
• correct fatty skin care;
• compliance with personal hygiene, especially in vulnerable places;
• frequent change of clothing;
• holding the recommendations of the doctor.

Hanging atheroma

In case of injuries, mechanical damage, through an open duct opening, mud hit, infection inside the capsule. This leads to the beginning of the inflammatory process, redness, swelling. Incoming atheroma is a danger, if it breaks down under the skin. An extensive region of inflammation appears, the tumor increases, soreness occurs. The presence of a pus in fatty tissue leads to phlegmon and abscess, requires urgent surgical intervention. Blood infection can bring to death.

Atheroma - Causes

The dermoid cyst of the sebaceous gland is formed when the lumpy of the lumpy duct occurs, the waste of the skin saline is disturbed, its functions are lost. The causes of atheroma can be:

• injuries obtained in extrude acne;
• incorrectly superimposed seams;
• pinching skin;
• lack of personal hygiene;
• dissection of the skin;
• misuse of deodorants;
• poor-quality cosmetics;
• hyperpotency;
• hormonal disorders;
• acne;
• hot climate;
• metabolic disease;
• acne, acne;
• inflammation of the epidermis.

Atheroma on the head

The moistage side on the head is a place where atheromatosis is the multiple spread of formations - it is found very often. Even if they are small, it is desirable to make a removal operation, so that it does not have a relapse. Atheroma on the head can grow to considerable sizes as in the photo, causing discomfort. The reasons for its appearance becomes:

• incorrect hair care;
• inflammation of the scalp;
• damage hair Lukovitz in seboro;
• harmful effect of cosmetics on hair;
• bold skin type;
• increased testosterone levels.

Atheroma on the face

Atheroma translated from Latin means cyst. On the face, it appears in the form of single formations that do not increase to large sizes. Atheroma on the face is located on the eyebrows, chin, at the bottom of the cheek, on the nose, delivers discomfort. A person drops self-esteem, complexes about appearance. It is unacceptable to independently deal with the removal of wen. It is advisable for treatment so that the face looks clean and has no relapses. So the photo looks like a cheek.

Atheroma on the neck

The appearance of wiring in the neck area contributes to constant skin contact with clothing having a collar. An important role is played by the lack of personal hygiene. Atheroma on the neck can be located in any area, but more often is behind or on the side where the most sebaceous glands. Education can grow to a huge size as in the photo. Due to the high probability of pollution in this place:

• kista is very quickly inflated;
• passes into a purulent form;
• redness and pain appear;
• the situation requires access to doctors.

Atheroma on the leg

The appearance of wen on the legs is much less common - there are little sebaceous glands. The dangerous area is in the zone near the paha. The secondary atheroma on the leg in this place can take the form of a plate with a set of capsules filled with a bold secret. This provision requires long-term treatment. According to the appearance of the cyst, it is similar to other neoplasms, so before treatment it is necessary to precisely diagnose it.

How to treat atheroma

Very often, weights of small size does not cause trouble, so it does not want to resort to surgery. Is it possible to treat atters without surgery? It is forbidden to independently squeeze the contents of the capsule - there is a chance to put the dirt, inflammation will begin. Folk remedies for treatment - the use of lotion of ammonia, homemade ointments do not give proper effect. A reliable way that does not give recurrence is the removal of the coolest gland. After that, it is recommended to use the ointment of levomecol to accelerate healing.

Removal atheroma

There is nothing more effective for the fight against the salsomeseous cyst than its complete elimination. The removal of atheroma guarantees that it will not appear in this place. After the examination of the patient, the doctors prescribe an operation, the technique of which depends on the presence of an inflammatory process, a revealed waste and the size of the neoplasm. There are methods of effective intervention:

• surgical operation with excision capsule and content;
• the impact of high temperatures of the laser beam on fat;
• combination of these two methods;
• the use of radio wave radiation.

Removal atheroma laser

Modern method of elimination of atheromatosis is the use of laser radiation. There are 3 ways to carry out this operation. When education has small dimensions - less than 5 millimeters produce laser removal of atheroma by photocoagulation. The process is happening like this:

• pain relieve skin;
• affect fat temperature of the laser beam;
• the content is evaporated;
• a crust is formed on the surface.

In the sizes of the cyst up to 20 mm, laser excision with a shell produce. The process requires an additional visit to the surgeon for subsequent removal of seams in two weeks. The operation is carried out in this order:

• perform local anesthesia;
• scalpel make a cut;
• pull the shell;
• on the border with it produce evaporation of tissues to produce separation with them;
• the shell is removed by tweezers;
• put drainage;
• apply seams.

The third method of removal of the coolest gland is used when the dimensions exceed 20 millimeters. The operation is performed under a hospital, includes such steps:

• local anesthesia;
• opening the capsule with a scalpel;
• expanding the access field to the contents;
• removal of the paste-shaped secret capsule tampon;
• evaporation at high temperatures of the laser beam of her shell;
• seam overlay.

Surgical removal atheroma

Such an option is prescribed in the presence of a purulent focus, especially if its breakthrough occurred. One of the options for surgical removal of the atheroma - after anesthesia, the excision of the capsule is performed along with the contents. The shell during operation is not cut. The second method has another execution technology:

• the place near the cysts is anesthesia;
• make several cuts;
• remove the contents of the capsule;
• excised her shell;
• impose seams;
• after 10 days they are removed.

Radio wave removal atheroma

A method that does not require hospitalization is carried out with local anesthesia. With radio wave removal of the atheroma, the burning process is from the inside. The method is recommended for small sizes of cyst, not inflammation and suppuration. Contraindication is the presence in the body of metal implants, a pacemaker. Benefits of the method:

• not required seams;
• there are no relapses;
• no big scars;
• no need to lie in the hospital;
• there is no blood during the operation;
• no hair shaving is required.
• the patient maintains performance.

Attention! The information presented in the article is familiarized. Articles do not call for independent treatment. Only a qualified doctor may diagnose and give recommendations on treatment, based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

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Atheroma - what it is both tumor photos, causes of appearance, removal methods

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Atheroma It is a cystic formation of sebum slices. Currently, the term "atheroma" to designate this pathology practicing doctors is rarely used because it does not reflect the essence of education. Doctors call atteromes epidermal or epidermoid cystsSince this name is very accurately reflecting both the localization of education (epidermis) and its nature (cyst). However, the old terms are still often used in everyday life, and therefore do not die. In the future, the text of the article we will also denote the cysts of the sebaceous gland glands with the term "atheroma" in order to facilitate the perception of information through the usual and known names.

Brief characteristic and classification ather

According to the mechanism of education, histological structure and clinical manifestations Atheroma are classic cystic neoplasms, that is, the cysts. And since these cysts are located in the skin and are formed from the structures of the epidermis, they are called epidermal or epidermoid. Thus, the term "epidermal cyst" and "atheroma" are synonymous, since they are used to designate the same pathological neoplasm.

Despite the ability to increase and the presence of a shell, atters are not tumors, therefore, by definition, it cannot be malignant or reborn into cancer, even if they achieve significant sizes. The fact is that the mechanism for the formation of a tumor and cyst is fundamentally different.

Any cyst, including atheroma, is a cavity formed by a capsule, which is at the same time both the shell of the neoplasm, and the producer of future content. That is, the cells of the inner surface of the cyst shell constantly produce any substances that accumulate inside the neoplasm. Since the secret of the shell cells of the neoplasm is not excreted from a closed capsule, it gradually stretches it, as a result of which the cyst increases in size.

The formation and progression of the atheroma occurs in accordance with the mechanism described above. A distinctive feature of the atheroma is that it is formed from the skin of the salt of the skin, which constantly produces skin fat.

This means that the epidermal cyst is formed when for any reason the output of the skin of the skin is cleaned, as a result of which the fat is not extended to the surface of the skin. However, the cells of the sebaceous gland do not cease to produce the skin fat, which over time accumulates in more and more. This Salo stretches the output duct, as a result of which the atheroma gradually, but steadily increases in size.

In addition, the atheroma can also be formed by another mechanism when due to any injury (for example, scratching, cut, abrasion, etc.) in the output ducting gland, cells of the surface layer of the skin are falling. In this case, the cells of the surface layer of the skin directly inside the rifle of the sowing gland begin to produce keratin, which is mixed with lard and turns it into a dense mass. This dense mass, which is a mixture of keratin and sebum, is not excreted from the rifle of the hydro gland to the outside, on the skin surface, since its consistency is too thick and viscous. As a result, a dense mixture of keratin and a sludge clogs the lumen of the silana, forming an atheroma. Inside the stream of the row, the active generation of keratin and skin salts continues, which accumulate in increasing quantities, thanks to which the atheroma is slowly, but steadily growing.

Any atheroma is filled with sebum, produced by a rowing iron, as well as cholesterol crystals, keratin, alive, or otmerable rejected cells, microorganisms and slices of hair.

Regardless of what exactly the mechanism was formed atheroma, cysts have the same appearance and clinical current. Epidermal cysts are usually not dangerous, because even an increase of to considerable sizes (5 - 10 cm in diameter), they do not squeeze any vital organs and deeply lying tissues will not germinate.

The only factor that makes atters is potentially dangerous is the possibility of inflammation of cysts, which is manifested by the development of edema, redness, pain and nudity of the neoplasm. In this case, the inflammatory content may form an abscess (affection), or melt the wrapper of the cyst and pour into others soft fabrics or out with the formation of fistula.

If the inflammatory content is output, then this is a favorable outcome, since it does not melt the surrounding tissues and penetration of toxic substances into the bloodstream. If the contents of the inflated atheroma melts the shell and flows into the surrounding tissues, then this is an unfavorable outcome as toxic substances And pathogenic microbes can get into the blood or cause infectious-inflammatory muscle disease, subcutaneous fatty fiber and even bones. However, in general atters are safe formations of cystic nature.

Any atheroma looks similar to Lipoma, however, these neoplasms in structure are fundamentally different. Thus, lipoma is a benign tumor of adipose tissue, and atheroma is a cyst from the output duct of the slicing gland of the skin.

Atheroma can be formed on any section of the skin, but most often it is localized in areas with a large number of sebaceous glands, such as face (nose, forehead, cheeks, eyebrows, eyelids), axillary depressions, maspress part Heads, neck, torso (spin, chest, grooves), genitals and crotch. Less often atters are formed in areas of the skin, on which there are relatively little sebaceous glands, such as hands, legs, fingers, ears or dairy glands in women.

In addition, the highest risk and exposure to atheromas is observed in people suffering from acne, since the swing glands are often clogged, which is a leading factor in the formation of an epidermal cyst. In this case, atters, as a rule, are localized on the skin of the neck, the cheeks, behind the ears, as well as on the chest and back.

Depending on the histological structure and the nature of the content, all atters are divided into four varieties:
1. Singing gland cyst;
2. Dermoid;
3. Steacitoma;
4. Atheromatosis.

However, all four types atter have the same features and a clinical course, so practitioners doctors do not use this classification. The species of ather is important only for scientific research.

IN clinical practice Another classification is used, based on the features of formation, arrangement and flow atter. According to this classification, all atters are divided into congenital and acquired.

Congenital atheroma (atheromatosis by histological classification) are multiple small cysts located on various sections of the skin. Their size does not exceed a lentil grain (0.3 - 0.5 cm in diameter). Such minor atters are usually formed on the skin of the pubic, the scalp and scrotum. Congenital atters are formed due to genetically determined defects in the structure of the sebaceous glands and disturbances of the outflow produced by them of the skin.

Acquired atheroms are also called secondary or retention epidermoid cysts, and are extended grain grades, formed due to the blockage of their lumen. The secondary atheromas include dermoids, steacitoma and cysts of the hydroelectric gland, allocated in histological classification. The causes of the ather acquired are any physical factorscontributing to the blockage of the enlightenment of the rowing gland, such as a strong thickening of the produced skin saline due to hormonal imbalance, injuries, acne and inflammatory skin diseases, high sweating, etc. Secondary atheromes can exist for a long time and increase to significant sizes (5 - 10 cm).

Atheroma - Photo.

On these photoaphy, the atters of a small size on the cheek and forehead are visible.

This photos depict the atters near the ear sink and on the urine.

In this photo, atheromes are depicted on the skin of external genital organs.

An atheroma of the scalp is depicted in this photo.

The structure of the atheroma is visible in this photo.

Atheroma in children

Atheroma in children does not differ from those in adults, since it has exactly the same clinical course, symptoms, causes of formation and methods of treatment. Children usually meet congenital atters, since any factors contributing to the formation of acquired epidermal cysts, they are usually not. Otherwise, approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of atters in children do not differ from those in adults.

Localization of epidermal cysts

Since any atheroma is a fiber of a rowing gland, it can only be localized in the thicker of the skin. In other words, the atheroma is a neoplasm of cystic nature specific to the skin.

The most often atheromes are formed in areas of skin with a large density of the sebaceous glands. That is, the greater the greater the amount of the glands on the square centimeter of the skin, the higher the probability of forming an atheroma from the duct of one of them. Thus, the frequency of localization atter in various areas of the skin is the following (skin sections are listed in descending order of the occurrence of atherom):

• Sip of head;
• Chin and part of the cheeks to the nose tip line;
• Eyebrows area;
• Eyelids;
• Back;
• Chest;
• Ear or skin liner adjacent to the bottom of the ear shell;
• Fingers;
• Hip;
• Shin.

Atteromes on the head in 2/3 cases are multiple, and on other parts of the body - single. A characteristic feature of multiple ather is their small size, which over time increases only slightly. Single cysts, on the contrary, can increase for a long time, reaching significant sizes.

Skin atheroma

Skin atheroma is an option of an incorrect term in which excessive refinement is used. So, the atheroma is a cystic neoplasm of the skin. This means that atheroma can only be formed on the skin. Therefore, the clarification of the "skin atheroma" is incorrect and incorrect, fully reflecting what the excitation and figuratively illustrates the widespread saying "oil oil".

Ear atheroma (mushya)

The ear atheroma (mushch), as a rule, is localized on the skin of the lobe. In very rare cases, atheroma can be formed on the skin of the ears of the sink. The epidermal cyst of this location is usually single. The ear atheroma can exist for a long time, reaching quite large size (2 - 4 cm in diameter). A distinctive feature The atherom of this localization is a rather high frequency of their suppuration and inflammation, as a result of which the cyst becomes edema, red and painful. The inflammatory process in atheroma tissues is an indication to conservative or surgical treatment.

Atheroma on the head (scalp)

Atheroma on the head (scalp) is one of the most common localization. A distinctive feature atter of the skin of the scalp is the fact that in 2/3 cases they are multiple. Such multiple cysts are usually small with a tendency to recurrence after surgical removal. Single atters of the scalp is only 30% of the total number of epidermal cyst of this localization. They can grow to significant sizes, and after surgical removal is not prone to recurrence.

Atheroma on the face

Atheroma on the face most often localized on the forehead, nose, chin and lower cheeks. As a rule, the cyst is single and does not reach huge sizes. However, the atheroma on the face is prone to inflammation, so it should be deleted as soon as possible.

Atheroma on the back

Atheroma on the back is almost always a single and, as a rule, is localized in the shoulders area, since it is in this part that there is the highest density of the sebaceous glands. Atheroma on the back can reach huge sizes (up to 10 cm in diameter).

Atheroma century

A century atheroma can be both single and multiple. The epidermal cyst of this localization is rarely inflamed and can achieve impressive sizes (up to 0.7 - 1 cm in diameter). Since there is a risk of inflammation of atheroma with an embodiment, which can cause an infectious-inflammatory process in the eye, the cyst should be deleted to the maximum deadlines.

Breast atheroma

Breast atheroma is rare. The cyst, localized on the skin of the breast, is inclined to be inflamed and appreciated with the risk of penetration of the infectious inflammatory process directly in the chest tissue. Therefore, atherom on the skin of the breast is recommended to delete.

Atheroma on the neck

Atheroma on the neck is formed quite often. It usually happens solitary and can grow to significant sizes. However, the epidermal cyst of this localization is not inclined to inflammation, so it may exist for years without treatment if a person does not bother the negative cosmetic effect that the neck attached to the neoplasm.

Causes of atheroma development

IN general The whole set of reasons for development ather can be divided into two groups:
1. Blockage of output filling gland with a dense larger, the solemn cells of the epithelium, etc.;
2. Increasing in deep layers of skin cells from the surface of the epidermis, which remain viable and continue to produce keratin, forming an epidermal cyst.

The first group of the reasons of atheroma consists of a very numerous factors capable of provoking the blockage of the row of the row, such as:

• Changing the consistency of the skin sludge under the influence of metabolic disorders;
• Inflammation of the hair follicle, as a result of which the outflow of the produced skin saline slows;
• Inflammation of the epidermis;
• Damage to the sebaceous glands;
• Acne, acne or acne;
• Injury to the skin with improper extrusion of acne, acne and acne;
• Increased sweating;
• Incorrect and excessive use of cosmetics;
• Non-compliance with hygiene rules;
• Genetic diseases.

The second group of reasons for atheroma (entering the surface cells of the epidermis in the deep layers of the skin) combines only various injuries in which cells from the surface of the skin can be transferred to its thickness. Such a transfer can occur when the skin is frowning or disseminated (for example, the climb of the door, etc.), as well as improper imposition of the skin, etc.

What does the atheroma look like?

Regardless of the size and localization of the atheroma, has a view of a noticeable painless convexity on the skin. The size of the epidermal cyst varies from several millimeters to 10 centimeters in diameter. The skin covering atheroma, normal, that is, not wrinkled, non-thinned and not red-blue. Over time, the convexity increases in size, but does not hurt, it does not peel, it does not appear and does not exhibit itself with any significant clinical symptoms.

In some cases, approximately in the center of the atheroma under the skin, it is possible to distinguish between a black or rather dark point, which is an extended silver grazing duct. It is the blockage of this duct that led to the development of atheroma.

Attempts to squeeze atheroma, as a pimple, comedone or eel, as a rule, unsuccessful, since the cyst is covered with a capsule and has a fairly large size that does not allow it to be removed entirely through the narrow lumen of the seabe canal, operating on the surface of the skin. However, if in the cyst capsule there is a small hole connecting the atheroma with the skin surface, while attempting to squeeze out of education, a rather large amount of the pasty mass of yellowish-white color can be isolated. This mass has an unpleasant smell and is a cluster of sebum, cholesterol particles and rejected cells.

If the atheroma inflamed, then the skin over it becomes red and edema, and the formation itself is quite painful. If the inflammation is purulent, then a person can increase the body temperature and remain such flesh to the permission of the process, that is, before the opening of cysts with an extinguishing of a pus outward or deeply lying fabrics. At the opening of the inflated atheroma, the outflows follows abundant thick content with a specific purulent smell.

Differences atheroma and lipoma

Atheroma externally looks very similar to Lipoma, which is usually called wen in everyday life. The name "Girivik" or "Lipstock" is often postponed on the atheroma, since it looks very very much like lipoma and, moreover, this term is a sign of people in contrast to a more specific "atheroma". However, it is incorrect, since atheroma and lipom are completely different neoplasms, so they need to be distinguished from each other.

It is very easy to distinguish with a lipoma from Atteroma, for this it is enough to put pressure on the middle of the convexity and carefully track, as she behaves. If the bulge immediately escapes from under the finger in any side so that it is impossible to press it to one specific place, then this is a lipoma. And if the bulge when pressing it turns out to be under the finger and does not move to the side, then this is an atheroma. In other words, attemo press one finger to the localization site, and it is impossible to lipoma, because it will always slip and succumbed.

In addition, additional distinctive feature Lipoma is its consistency, which, when feeling it is much softer and plastic than this at the atheroma. Therefore, if when you feel it is possible to change the shape of the bulge, then this is a lipoma. And if with any compression and squeezing with two or more fingers, the convexity retains its form, then this is an atheroma.

Symptoms

Atheroma does not have as such clinical symptoms, since the neoplasm does not hurt, does not change the structure of the skin in the localization region, etc. It can be said that in addition to the external cosmetic defect in the form of convexity on the skin of the atheroma does not have any symptoms. That is why practicing doctors consider the symptoms of atheroma its appearance and features of the structure detected by feeling.

So, the symptoms of the atheroma consider its following characteristics:

• Distinctly visible limited convexity on the surface of the skin;
• Clear convex contours;
• Normal leather over convexity;
• To the touch dense and elastic structure;
• Relative mobility of education, allowing to move it a bit aside;
• Visible like a black point in the center of the atteroma, an extended shared gland duct.

Thus, the symptoms of atheroma are a totality of exclusively external characteristic signsallowing simultaneously suspect and diagnose the cyst.

With inflammation of the atheroma, the following clinical symptoms appear:

• Red skin in the atheroma region;
• Skin swelling in the atheroma region;
• Soreness of convexity when feeling;
• Breakthrough Magni outside (not always).

Inflammation of atheroma (ventilated atheroma)

The inflammation of the atheroma, as a rule, occurs during its long existence. Moreover, inflammation can be septic or aseptic. Aseptic inflammation is provoked by irritation of the atheroma capsule by surrounding tissues and various external influences, such as compression, friction, etc. In this case, the cyst becomes red, edema and painful, but the pus is not formed in it, so the outcome of such aseptic inflammation is favorable. Usually in a few days the inflammatory process fades, and the atheroma ceases to be painful, red and edema. However, due to the inflammatory process around the cyst capsule is formed connective tissuewhich concludes atherom in a dense and hard permeable shell.

Septic inflammation of atheroma develops much more often as aseptic and due to the ingress of various pathogenic microbes in the fabric in the immediate vicinity of the cyst. This is quite possible, since the duct of the closed rowing gland on the surface of the skin remains open. In this case, the atheroma becomes very red, edema and very painful, and pus is formed inside the capsule. Because of the pus, when ticking the cyst, a softer consistency acquires. Often rises body temperature.

With septic inflammation, atheroma should necessarily resort to opening and drainage of cysts, since the pus must be removed from the tissues. Otherwise, the cyst can independently reveal with the expiration of pus in fabric or outward. If the cyst falls outward, and the pus follows the skin surface, it will become a favorable outcome, since the surrounding tissues are not affected. If the pus melts the wrapper of cysts on the other hand and leaving the tissue (subcutaneous fat tissue), then it will provoke an extensive inflammatory process (phlegmon, abscess, etc.), during which strong damage to the skin structures will occur with the subsequent formation of scars.

Atheroma - Treatment

General principles of therapy

The only complete and radical treatment of atheroma is to remove it. various methods. Alone atheroma cannot pass, that is, the formation does not disappear under any circumstances, and sooner or later it will have to be removed in any way (surgically, laser or radio wave method).

It is also impossible to squeeze the atheroma, even if you first pierce the cyst capsule, the needle and form a hole through which its content will be released. In this case, the contents will be released, but the cyst capsule with cells producing the secret will remain in the shank duct, and therefore, after a while, the free cavity will be filled with the skin again and the atheroma is formed. That is, the atheroma recurrence will occur.

To forever remove the cyst, it is necessary not easy to open it and remove the contents, but also to fully deprive it with a capsule, blocking the lumen of the fuel flow. Capsule deepening consists in separating the walls of cysts from the surrounding tissues and their removal along with the contents. In this case, there is a defect of the tissue at the site of the cyst, which in some time touches, and the atheroma is not formed, because a capsule with cells that produce the secret and clutching of the siding gland were removed.

Optimally removing the atherom, while it is small, because in this case the cyst localization site will not be left visible cosmetic defect (scar or scar). If for any reason atheroma has not been removed and increased to a significant size, it still needs to be removed. However, in this case, you will have to produce a local transmission of cysts with skin superimposition.

Removal atheroma on the background of inflammation is not recommended, because in this case it is very high the risk of its relapse due to the incomplete deepening of the cyst capsule. Therefore, if the atheroma inflamed without suppuration, then anti-inflammatory treatment should be carried out and wait until it completely fades. Only after the binding of inflammation and return atteromes in the "cold" state can be removed.

If the atheroma inflamed with the suppuration, then the cyst should be opened, release the pus and leave a small hole for the outflow of the newly generated inflammatory secret. After the pus ceases to form and the inflammatory process subsides, it is necessary to produce the walls of the cyst. Directly during the period of purulent inflammation, it is not recommended to remove the atheroma, since in this case the likelihood of recurrence is very high.

Removal of epidermal cysts

Removing atheroma can be made by the following methods:

• Surgery;
• Removal atheroma laser;
• Removal atheroma by radio wave surgery.

Atter removal technique is chosen by the doctor depending on the size and current state of the cyst. So, small cysts are optimally removed by a laser or radio wave surgery, since these techniques make it possible to do it quickly and with minimal tissue damage, as a result of which healing occurs much faster than after surgical operation. An additional and important advantage of laser and radio-wave removal ather is an unimproved cosmetic scar on the site of their localization.

In other cases, atters are removed during the surgical operation under local anesthesia. However, highly qualified surgeon can remove a laser and quite a large or ventilated ather, but in such situations it all depends on the doctor. Usually, atters with suppuration or large size are removed using a conventional surgical operation.

Atteroma Removal Operations

Currently, the atheroma is removed in two modifications, depending on the size of the cyst. Both modifications of the operation are made under local anesthesia under polyclinic conditions. Hospitalization in the department is necessary only to remove the large-sized adhesive ather. In all other cases, the surgeon in the clinic will deepen the cyst, vested the seams and the bandage. Then after 10-12 days, the doctor will remove the seams on the skin, and the wound will finally heal for 2 to 3 weeks.

The modification of the operation with excision capsule atheroma is performed at large formation sizes, as well as if desired, to obtain a cosmetic seam, which will be minorly after healing. However, this option for removing cyst can only be made in the absence of its suppuration. This operation to remove an atheroma with excision capsule is made as follows:
1. In the area of \u200b\u200bthe maximum bulge of the atheroma make a cut on the skin;
2. All the contents of the atheroma are squeezed with fingers by collecting it on the skin with a napkin;
3. If it is not possible to squeeze the contents, it is removed by a special spoon;
4. Then they pull the wound in the wound of the cyst, capturing her by the edges of the plump by forceps;
5. If the cut is more than 2.5 cm, then the seams are applied to it for better healing.

In addition, instead of squeezing the contents of the cyst, with the subsequent stretching of its capsule, this modification of the operation can be made as follows, without disrupting the integrity of the atheroma shell:
1. Cut the skin over the atter in such a way as not to damage its capsule;
2. Slide the skin to the side and expose the surface of the atheroma;
3. Gently put pressure on the edges of the wound and squeeze the cyst along with the shell, or capture it with forceps and pull out (see Figure 1);
4. If a cut is more than 2.5 cm, then the seams are applied to it for better and faster healing.

Picture 1 - Imit the atheroma without disturbing the integrity of its capsule.

The second modification of the removal of atheroma is performed with inflamed and jointed cysts as follows:
1. On both sides of the atheroma make two skin extremus, which should be fed by convex;
2. Then the tongs remove the skin flap above the lines along the cuts;
3. Under the atherom, the branches of the curved scissors are set, separating it in this way from the surrounding tissues;
4. Simultaneously with the release of cysts from tissue with scissors, it is gently squeezed behind the top of the forceps, pulling out the outside (see Figure 2);
5. When the atheromoy, together with the capsule, is pulled out of the tissues, seams from the self-sessive material are applied to subcutaneous tissue;
6. Skin flaps are tightened by mattress vertical seams;
7. The seams are removed in a week, after which the wound heals with the formation of a scar.

If in the future a person wants to reduce the visibility of the scar, then he will have to make a plastic surgery.

Figure 2. - Removal of the inflamed or ventilated atheroma with irradiation with the help of brass scissors.

Removal atheroma laser

The removal of atheroma laser is also performed under local anesthesia. Currently, with the help of a laser, even large and ventilated atters can be removed if the surgeon has the necessary qualifications. Depending on the size and status of atheroma, the doctor chooses the option laser removal Cysts.

Currently, the removal of the atheroma laser can be produced using the following three techniques:

• Photocoagulation - evaporation of atteroma using the effects of the laser beam. This method is used even to remove the jointed cyst, provided that the size of the atheroma does not exceed 5 mm in diameter. After the procedure, the doctor does not impose seams, since a crust is formed on the site of the atheroma, under which the healing continued for 1 to 2 weeks. After the full healing of tissues, the crust disappears, and under it it turns out clean skin with an imperceptible or low-chart.
• Laser excision with shell It is performed if the atheroma is of size from 5 to 20 mm in diameter, regardless of the presence or absence of inflammation and suppuration. To perform the manipulation, first the scalpel cut the skin over the atheroma, then grabbed the casket sheath and stretch it in such a way that the boundary between normal tissues and the formation capsule become visible. Then the laser evaporates the fabrics near the wrapper of the cyst, highlighting it in this way from spikes with skin structures. When all cysts are free, it is simply taken out by forceps, the drainage tube is introduced inside the resulting wound and impose seams on the skin. A few days later, drainage is removed and after 8 - 12 days, the seams take off, after which the wound fully heals with the formation of a unauthorized scar for 1 to 2 weeks.
• Laser evaporation capsule atheroma It is performed in cases where the formation of more than 20 mm in diameter. To perform the manipulation, the atheroma capsule is opened by making a deep cut of the skin over it. Then with dry gauze swabs remove all the contents from the atheroma so that only the shell remains. After that, they expand the wound, stretching it in different directions by operating hooks, and the laser evaporate the capsule, paved with the subjectable tissues. When the wrapper of the cyst is evaporated, a rubber drainage tube is introduced into the wound and put the seams for 8 to 12 days. After removing the seams, the wound heals with the formation of a unauthorized scar.

Radio wave removal

The radio wave removal of atheroma is produced only with small size of education and the absence of suppuration and inflammation of cysts. Removal of cysts is performed using special equipment that allows you to kill cells in a strictly defined zone. That is, radio waves cause limited motion of cells only in the atheroma area, as a result of which the neoplasia disappears. On the site of the atteroma, a crust is formed under which healing occurs.

Atheroma (epidermal cyst): description, complications, treatment methods (conservative or deletion) - video

Atheroma (epidermal cyst): causes of appearance, symptoms and diagnostics, complications, treatment methods (surgical removal), tips of the dermatokosmetologist - video

Operation to remove atheroma - video

Removal atheroma (epidermal cyst) of the scalp - video

After removing Atteroma

After removal of the atheroma, the operating wound is healing. In the future, a small scar or a poor spot can remain in place of a cyst, depending on the size of the atheroma and whether the suppuration was supposed at the time of its removal.

After the operation, you must process the wound twice a day as follows:
1. In the morning, rinse with hydrogen peroxide and put the plaster.
2. In the evening, rinse with hydrogen peroxide, impose an ointment levomecol and stick to the plaster.

After 2 - 3 days, when the wound will slightly lit and glue her edges, you can not close it with the plaster, but to apply the BF-6 medical glue. If there were seams on the wound, then put it with the plaster and use the BF-6 only after their removal. BF-6 glue is applied up to the full injection of the wound, that is, within 10 - 20 days. This option postoperative management Wounds is standard, so it can be used in all cases. However, if necessary, the surgeon may change the order of care for the wound, and in this case will tell the patient, as one should produce postoperative processing.

Unfortunately, about 3% of cases of atheroma can recur, that is, reapproved on the place from which it was removed. As a rule, this happens if the atheroma was removed during the junction period, as a result of which it was not possible to fully deprive all the particles of the cyst shell.

Treatment at home (folk remedies)

It will not be possible to cure atherom at home, because for reliable removal of cyst, it is necessary to deprive her shell, and it can make it only a person who has the skills in the production of surgical operations. If a person can deprive the wrapper of the cyst (for example, I made an animal operation, is a surgeon, etc.), then making adequate local anesthesia, it can try to independently perform an operation in the presence of sterile tools, suture material and atheroma localization in the area on which It is convenient to manipulate yourself. Such conditions are difficulty, therefore even a qualified surgeon, as a rule, can not independently and at home remove the atheroma. Thus, the treatment of atheroma at home is impossible is impossible, so when such a cyst, such a cyst, it is necessary to refer to the surgeon and remove education while it is small, and this can be done without a large cut with minimal cosmetic defects.

All sorts of folk remedies against atteroma will not help get rid of the cyst, but they can slow down its growth. Therefore, if it is impossible to remove an atherom for a nearby period of time, you can use different folk methods Treatment to prevent a pronounced increase in its size.