Grain scabies. Parasitic skin disease - scab. Principles of treatment of scabies

10.07.2020 Popular treatment

Causes of the disease

The causative agent of grain scabies is called the tight tick due to the characteristic shape of the body of the fertilized female. The mites of the tick has a caller with a length of about 0.12 mm, the immature females are somewhat larger, they have an extended body with a length of about 0.22 mm. The fertilized tick female acquires a spherical shape and increases in size up to 2 mm in diameter. Therefore, the pathogen can be seen without the use of optical instruments.Infection occurs when grain dust in the skin or with direct contact with straw. Therefore, in the risk group for infection with straw scabies there are workers of agricultural enterprises, elevators, grain warehouses, flour and complexes, etc.

The optimal temperature for reproduction of ticks is 15-25 degrees, however, they can exist and multiply in a wider range of temperatures from 10 to 37 degrees of heat.

The females of the puzzled mite nipples, one individual can produce up to 300-400 young ticks. About 30 young individuals appear on the light of one fema. The floor maturity of ticks occurs on 6-12 days after the appearance depending on external conditions.

Puzzled ticks, in contrast to the scales, does not penetrate into the upper layers of the skin and does not produce scabies there. He only contacts the skin and feeds the blood of the victim as with such a mosquito.

Clinical picture

The elements of the rash during grain scabies are located in close proximity to each other on the background of blushing and slightly edema skin. Dimensions of rashes can be different, from buckwheat grain to a forest walnut. In addition to papules on the skin, bubbles filled with serous or purulent liquid are often formed.

The first 4-5 days the intensity of symptoms increases, with the common rash the patients often climbs the temperature. Closely arranged lymph nodes can increase, pain in the joints may appear.

Symptoms of straw scabies are held for 10-15 days, after which they pass without a trace. Secondary hyperpigmentation is often formed in the plots of rash.

In young children (up to 5 years), the external symptoms of grain scabies can be expressed weaker than in adults.

Sometimes the flow of straw scabies is accompanied by an allergic cough and a runny nose. These symptoms develop as secondary allergic reaction on tick bites.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis of grain scabies is difficult in that the tick in the study of the contents of the elements of the rash is not detected. Therefore, in the diagnostic process, an important role is played by the collection of history, and confirmation of the fact of contact with grain, straw or similar products that can be infected with ticks.

It is important to distinguish the manifestation of straw scabies from phlebotomodermia.

Treatment

Treatment of grain scabies is carried out by the same scheme as treatment. Most often assigned the following drugs:

Lindane. This drug For the treatment of scabies is produced in the form of creams or lotions. The drug is applied to the affected skin and washed off after 6-24 hours. It is applied once (less frequent use is required).
CROTAMITON. This is the safest drug for the treatment of scabies, can be used to treat children or pregnant women. The course of use for the treatment of grain scabies is 5 days.
Esdeepalletr - synthetic preparationReleased in the form of an aerosol. It is applied once. The drug is small-toxic and conveniently applied.
Ivermectin - drug from scabies oral application. Has contraindications.
Benzylbenzoate ointment is a traditionally used drug for the treatment of scabies. The drug is applied to the body after the evening soul. In the morning the drug is washed away.
Sulfuric ointment. This drug has long and sufficiently successfully applied to the treatment of scabies. For adults it is recommended to use 33% ointment, for children - 10-15%.

In the process of treatment of straw scabies, antihistamines are used - zoda, claritine, etc. Also both of these drugs are still very effective for treatment, and.

Today there is a lot modern drugs for the treatment of scabies, so use folk Methods It is recommended only as a supplement to the main therapy.

For external treatment of grain scaches, garlic oil can be used. For cooking drug For the treatment of scabies it is necessary to take mustard oil (250 ml) and grinding garlic (50 gr.). Garlic is poured with oil and warm up a mixture in a water bath for 20 minutes. After cooling and filtering, use to lubricate rashes on the skin in straw scabies.

Juniper will help in the treatment of grain scabies. You can use berries and branches of the plant. Preparing a decoction of 100 grams of plant raw materials and liters of water. The decoction is used to wipe the damaged scabies of the skin.

Prevention and forecast

Prevention of infection with grain scabies lies in careful protection of the skin from a tick. Individual protective equipment includes the use of respirators, safety glasses, overalls, including mittens and viorants. All these means of protection must be provided by workers who are in the process labor activity Contacts with a stored grain, straw and other material in which can dwell with a grain tick.

It is necessary to make preventive treatment of rooms in which the presence of a tick is assumed. Other disinfective measures are performed by the fusion of these premises. Regular disinfection should also have workers' clothing.

The forecast for grain scabies is good, however, immunity to the disease is not produced. With a re-infection, straw scabies will reappear again.

I. X. Khalilov, A. A. Avaneov, K. D. Ganiev (1975) were observed by 135 ill, which had direct contact with grain from one barn. The disease was family character. A significant number of ill (34.8%) amounted to children. In all houses, grain was kept in residential premises, in the placer, nearby bedding, and all family members came into contact with him. Most of the surveyed were detected urctural elements of the language-shaped species, sometimes before the size of the children's palm. In 1 patient, skin lesions on the neck were the character of the vast edema of the Queen type.

The causative agent of grain scabies is the Pediculoides Ventricosus tick from the TROMBIDIDES family, named so on the body shape of the fertilized female that becomes a spherical, 2 mm diameter, whiteish-yellow color and can be detected by the naked eye. The male has a length of 0.12 mm, width of 0.8 mm, 4 pairs of limbs, hooks and sucking organs. On the dorsal side, it has sharp chitine hairs. Females are a bit larger. The optimal temperature of development is 15-21 ° C, but they can develop at 10-37 ° C. The reproduction of sex.

Females whip. Up to 200 larvae develops inside one female, which by the time of ripening appear on the light of 30-35 copies per day. On the 6-12th day, depending on the conditions of the existence, young ticks are becoming sexually filled (A. Minched, V. F. Ratanova, 1973). In contrast to the scabies, the puzzled tick is not introduced in the horn layer of the epidermis and does not make there for scabies, and attacking a person, only the skin comes and sucks blood.

The ingress of the pushed tick on the human skin can occur as a result of direct contact with infected material. A dusty factor plays a smaller role. Conditions for infection are created when loading (especially in-free lifelines in a closed room), spraying grain, cleaning, discharging and cutting straw, while pressing hay, when cooking herbal flour On the mills, when working in grain and forage stores, when dust hit on the skin during the harvest, etc.

After tick bites are mainly in vulnerable clothing areas of the body (brushes, forearm, shoulders, sometimes spin, chest and lower limbs) Appear in 2-3 hours. Spotful bubbles, ultra-art elements of the rash, accompanied by a strong itching, sometimes burning and pain. The elements of the rash are close to each other, are located on erythematous, edema base with uneven edges. Their size can be from lentils up to 5-penny coins and more. Serous, often purulent contents of bubble elements dries in a crust.

The intensity of the disease increases in the first 4-5 days. With a common rash, an increase in body temperature can occur, total weakness, increasing and soreness of regional lymph nodes, Headache, pain in the joints, etc. The disease lasts 1 - 2 weeks and passes without a trace. After the disappearance of urctar and vesiculse rashes, secondary hyperpigmentation can exist.

In children under the age of 5, rashes are less pronounced than adults. Hyperpigmentation of the skin as a result of the tanning promotes abortive flow of grain scacate in children.

Diagnose grain scabies sometimes helps the detection of the causative agent in grain, straw, grain products. With microscopic examination of bubbles, the fusion tick is detected.

Therapeutic measures are in warm baths with starch, potassium permanganate, sodium hydrocarbonate, the use of sulfur, sulfur-alentary ointments, rubbing the skin by vinegar.

Prevention should be directed to protect the skin from entering it a material infected with the torn tick. To individual preventive measures The use of mittens, handbrows, respirators and glasses when working with long stored grain, straw, etc. After work, hygienic water procedures are recommended. Premises, capacity, current, where the presence of a causative agent of grain scabies should be filled with gray, you can spend any other disinfection. Wear clothing are treated with formaldehyde or sulfur pairs.

Helpful information:

It is characterized by itching urctar-vesiculous and erythematous-dirty rash and large bubbles, often with small vesicles on their surface, allergic cough and spasms.

Etiology and epidemiology

Grain scabies first described Shamberg (J. F. Schamberg, 1901).

Pathogenesis at invasion pyemotes venturicosus

Clinical picture Grain scabies are characterized by the occurrence of the body of the body and neck of rashes in the form of large blisters with bubbles and pustulas on their surface, sometimes reminding the multiform exudative erythoma. Due to the strong itching and bumps, a peyococcal infection is often joined and piederma develops, which may be accompanied by fever, malaise, weakness. In the blood often detect leukocytosis and eosinophilia.

The disease is accompanied by a strong itching and burning, headaches, nausea, the formation of many reddish nodules on the human body. Harfish arises, insomnia. In the place of the tick bites, large blisters are formed, in the center of which bubbles are formed, quickly turning into the pustulas, reminding the manifestation of chickenpox or erythema multiform exudative. The rashes are more often localized on the skin of the body and neck, bothers a strong itch. After 1-2 weeks the process regresses.

Pyemotes Tritici. Blesses people outdoors within or near forest arrays. Can bite, with straw, hay, herbs, leaves, seeds. There are also cases of dermatitis caused by Pyemotes Tritici in horses and people with them related.

Pyemotes Tritici in grain working with grain cause numerous urticular papules crowned with bubbles localized on the forearms, neck, around the waist and in groin. These ticks can cause dermatitis epidemics during cleaning and post-harvest operations with straw, hay or some grain. Bites cause rash, dermatitis, itching, sweating, fever, headache And even vomiting in heavy cases.

Pyemotes Beckeri. There are rarely and causes dermatitis.

Pyemotes Hughesi. May cause Urinar Acariasis.

Treatment of grain scabies

Differential diagnosis is carried out with a wretchedness (at which it is usually not observed by vesicles and spacing), a chickenpox, thrombidiasis, scabies (lack of scabies, the localization of urctural elements with vesiculopules on the surface) and other dermatitis.

Treatment is symptomatic: warm baths with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or sodium bicarbonate (bath with starch, bathrobes with food soda, baths with mangartee-acid potassium), local means (Battakers, creams, ointments) containing 2-3% of menthol, anesthesine, 5-10% sulfur ointment. To reduce itching Prednisone (0.5 mg / kg). It is important to remove contact with ticks and their feeders.

The forecast is favorable.

Prevention consists in disinsection of objects where pliers are detected. When working with grain, infected bees, open parts of the body are treated with 2-4% solution of drinking soda, take a shower.

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Literature

Piyotosis bees

In the Russian Federation, this disease occurs on the Volga region and in Western Siberia.

From families remove cells with an amazed breakdown and drag them to wax. Bees are transplanted into pure hive. Nests reduce and insulate. For prevention, it is necessary not to put the hives next to the granaries.

Notes

An excerpt characterizing grain scabies

Anna Pavlovna evening was launched. The spindle from different sides is evenly and not silent noise. In addition to Ma Tante, near which only one elderly lady was sitting with an appointed, thin face, somewhat alien in this brilliant society, society broke into three mug. In one, more male, the center was the abbot; In another, young, beauty of Princess Helene, Daughter of Prince Vasily, and pretty, ruddy, too full of his youth, little princess Bolkonskaya. In the third matememer and Anna Pavlovna.
Viscount was a mile, with soft features and techniques, a young man, obviously considered himself a celebrity, but, according to goodness, modestly provided to enjoy the society in which he was. Anna Pavlovna, obviously, sobbled their guests. As a good Metrd.Iotel gives as something supernaturally, the beautiful one piece of beef, which is not wanting, if you see it in a dirty kitchen, so at the current evening, Anna Pavlovna served at first the viscont, then the abbot, as something supernaturally sophisticated. In the mug of Morteraar, they spoke immediately about the killing of the Duke of Engine. Viscount said that the Duke of Anngiensky died from his generosity, and that there were special causes of bonospheres.
- AH! Voyons. Contez Nous Cela, Vicomte, [Tell us, Viscount,] - said Anna Pavlovna, happily feeling like something A la Louis XV [In the style of Louis XV], this phrase responded, - CONTEZ NOU CELA, VICOMTE.
Viscount bowed to the sign of humility and smiled at the signative. Anna Pavlovna made a circle near the viscont and invited everyone to listen to his story.
- Le Vicomte a Ete Personnellement Connu De Monseigneur, [Viscount was personally familiar with the duke,] - whispered Anna Pavlovna alone. "LE VICOMTE EST UN PARFAIT CONTEUR," she said to another. - Comme on Voit L "Homme De La Bonne Compagnie [As a person's good society is now seen]," she said the third; and the Viscount was submitted to society in the most elegant and advantageous light for him, like a roast beef on a hot dish, sprinkled by greens.
Viscount wanted to start his story and smiled finely.
- Go here, Chere Helene, [Cute Helen,] - said Anna Pavlovna Beauty Princess, which was sitting away, making up the center of another mug.
Princess Helen smiled; She climbed the same unchanged smile quite a beautiful woman, with whom she entered the living room. Slightly noisy, my white flesh, spoiled by spit and moss, and brightly white, shrug, hair and diamonds, she passed between the broken men and straight, without looking at anyone, but everyone is smiling and, as it were, kindly giving everyone the right to admire the beauties of his , full shoulders, very open, in the then fashion, chest and back, and as if making a shine of Bala, approached Anna Pavlovna. Helen was so good that not only there was not a noticeable and shadow of coquetry, but, on the contrary, it seemed to her as if he was conscientious for her undoubted and too strongly and the winning beauty. She as if she wanted and could not diminish its beauty. Quelle Belle Personne! [What a beauty!] - everyone said who saw her.
As if astonished with something extraordinary, the Viscount shrugged and oh lowered his eyes while she sat down in front of him and covered him and he was all the same in a smile.
"Madame, Je Crains Pour Mes Moyens Devant Un Pareil Auditoire, [I, right, fear for my abilities before such a public, he said, tilting with a smile head.
Princess blocked her open full hand on the table and did not find it necessary to say. She waited smiling. In all the time, she sat straight, looking at her full beautiful hand, which changed his form from pressure on the table, then an even more beautiful chest, on which she corrected a diamond necklace; I corrected several times the folds of my dress and, when the story made an impression, I looked around at Anna Pavlovna and immediately took the most expression that was on the face of Freilin, and then again calmed down in a shining smile. Following Helen, a small princess from the tea table.
- Attendez Moi, Je Vais Prender Mon Ouvrage, [Wait, I will take my work, "she said. - Voyons, A Quoi Pensez Vous? - She turned to the prince of Hippolit: - Apportez Moi Mon Ridicule. [What are you thinking about? Bring my ridicul.]
Princess, smiling and speaking with everyone, suddenly made a permutation and, sitting on, having come fun.
"Now I'm fine," she sentenced and, asking to start, began to work.
Prince Ippolit suffered her Ridicul, went over for her and, closely moved the chair to her, sat down beside her.
Le Charmant Hippolyte [Charming Hippolyte] hit his unusual resemblance to sister's beauty and even more so that, despite the similarity, he was amazingly faded himself. The features of his face were the same as the sister, but that everything was covered in cheerful, self-sufficient, young, unchanged smile of life and an unusual, antique beauty of the body; Brother, on the contrary, the same face was reversed by idiocy and invariably expressed self-confident obese, and the body was thin and weak. Eyes, nose, mouth - everything was shrinking as if in one indefinite and boring grimace, and his arms and legs had always taken an unnatural position.
- CE N "EST PAS UNE HISTOIRE DE REVENANTS? [This is not a story about ghosts?] - He said, sit down to the princess and hastily attached his eyes to his eyes, as if without this tool he could not start talking.
- Mais Non, Mon Cher, [No,] - shrugging, said surprised narrator.
- C "Est Que Je DeteSe Les Histoires de Revenants, [The fact is that I can't stand the stories about ghosts," he said so tone, which was visible, - he said these words, and then I already understood that they meant.
Because of the self-confidence with which he spoke, no one could understand, is very clever or very stupid what he said. He was in the Takenoplexian Frace, in the cuisse de nymphe epfrayee colors, [thigh frightened nymphs,] as he himself spoke, in stockings and shoes.
Vicomte [Viscount] told a very cute about that the joke then the anecdote that the Duke of Energiene secretly went to Paris to date with M Lle George, [Madmoiselle George,] and that he met with Bonaparte, who used the Milosts of the famous actress, and what is there, Having met the duke, Napoleon accidentally fell into the faint, which he was susceptible, and was in the power of the duke, which the duke did not take advantage, but that Bonaparte subsequently for this is the generosity and dismissed the death of the Duke.
The story was very nice and interesting, especially in the place where the rivals suddenly learn each other, and the ladies seemed to be in the excitement.
- Charmant, [charming,] - said Anna Pavlovna, looking around questioningly on a little princess.
"Charmant," the little princess whispered, a sticky needle to work, as if as a sign that the interest and charm of the story would prevent her to continue to work.
Viscount appreciated this silent praise and, gratefully smiling, began to continue; But at that time, Anna Pavlovna, all who glanced at the young man who was terrible for her, noticed that he had something too hot and loudly with Abbat, and hurried to help to a dangerous place. Indeed, Pierre managed to tie a conversation with Abbat about political equilibrium, and Abbot, apparently interested in the simple-terrainous hotness of a young man, developed his favorite idea to him. Both too lively and naturally listened and said, and this did not like Anna Pavlovna.
- Means - European equilibrium and DROIT DES GENS [international law], said Abbot. - It is worth one mighty state as Russia, glorified for barbarism, to become disinterestedly at the head of the Union, which is the goal of equilibrium of Europe, and she will save the world!
- How can you find such a balance? - Pierre began; But at that time Anna Pavlovna approached And, strictly looking at Pierre, asked the Italian about how he tolerate the local climate. The face of the Italian suddenly has changed and accepted offensively feigned a sweet expression, which, apparently, was familiar to him in a conversation with women.
"I am so fascinated by the charms of mind and the formation of society, especially the female, in which I had happiness to be accepted that I did not have time to think about the climate," he said.
Not releasing Abbot and Pierre, Anna Pavlovna for the convenience of observation attached them to a common circle.

At this time, a new face entered the living room. The new face was a young prince Andrei Bolkonsky, a young princess husband. Prince Bolkonsky was a small growth, a very handsome young man with certain and dry features. Everything in his figure, ranging from a tired, bored look to a quiet measuring step, represented the most sharp opposite with his little, lively wife. He, apparently, all the former in the living room were not only familiar, but they were tired of him so that he was very boring to listen to them. Of all the people bored with him, his face pretty wife seemed to be tired of him. With a grimace, a stretch of his beautiful face, he turned away from her. He kissed the hand of Anna Pavlovna and, pouch, looked around the whole society.

Young females of the puzzled yellowish color tick, oblong, measuring 223 x 80 μm, after power, they become spherical - 1 - 1.5 mm in diameter. Males measuring 164 x 90 microns.

The optimum temperature for the development of a 25 ° C tick. Females whip.

The female hips out 200-300 ticks, passing all the development in her body, why the rear part it becomes a spherical.
.

Grain scabies first described Shamberg (J. F. Schamberg, 1901).

Other types of pyemotes.

The rash as a result of the bite P. Herfsi was first recorded in Europe in 1936. It is possible to attach a secondary bacterial infection.

The male of the puzza tick without meals lives 24 hours, the female - 36 hours (feeding - 38 days).

Pyemotes Herfsi bites people, causing redness, itching and scars. Size about 0.2 mm.

P. Herfsi was registered in Czechoslovakia, Egypt, Australia, Northern India, in the USA, Germany.

The rash as a result of the bite P. Herfsi was first recorded in Europe in 1936. It is possible to attach a secondary bacterial infection.

The male of the Puzza tick without meals lives 24 hours, the female - 36 hours (feeding - 38 days).

Treatment of grain scabies

The forecast is favorable.

Differential diagnosis is carried out with a wretchedness (at which it is usually not observed by vesicles and spacing), a chickenpox, thrombidiasis, scabies (lack of scabies, the localization of urctural elements with vesiculopules on the surface) and other dermatitis.

Treatment Symptomatic: warm baths with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or sodium bicarbonate (bathruts with starch, bathrobes with food soda, baths with mangartee-cancer potassium), local means (chatters, creams, ointments) containing 2-3% of menthol, anesthesine, 5- 10% sulfur ointment. To reduce itching Prednisone (0.5 mg / kg). It is important to remove contact with ticks and their feeders.

The forecast is favorable.