Eye drops applied in ophthalmic practice for the prevention and treatment of diseases of the anterior segment of the eye, outer membranes and eyelids. Such funds can have different effects on the eyes, they contain one or more components.

Immediately before instilling drops, the vial with the drug should be warmed in the hand to body temperature. The procedure should be carried out in a calm atmosphere, after washing your hands. In order for the drop to hit the right place, the head should be tilted back and the lower eyelid pulled back. To avoid hitting medicinal solution into the nasal cavity, after instillation, close the eye and press on inner corner.

An important feature of medicinal eye preparations is that they quickly penetrate through the outer mucous membrane of the eye into the deeper parts of the visual apparatus. It is not permissible to use such funds on your own. Before starting treatment, it is important to read the instructions.

So, how to drip your eyes for various diseases and what kind of eye drops are there in general?

Types of eye drops

Consider a list of drugs for the eyes, depending on the pharmacological action:

• Antimicrobial. These include antibiotics as well as antiviral, antiseptic, and antimycotic drugs;
• Anti-inflammatory.
• Antiglaucoma. They are divided into drugs that improve the outflow of ocular fluid and inhibit the production of aqueous humor.
• Drugs that improve tissue metabolism.
• Antiallergic.
• Medicines for the treatment of cataracts.
• Moisturizers.
• Diagnostic.

The best eye drops can be prescribed by a specialist, since he understands the composition and pharmacological action drug

The best eye drops

Next, let's talk about what effective remedies are in the fight against various kinds of ophthalmological disorders. Choose the most best drops is possible only after a detailed review and comparative analysis.

Moisturizers

This group of drugs is used for fatigue and dry eyes. Experts recommend using moisturizers for dry eye syndrome, prolonged use of the computer, as well as when exposed to adverse environmental factors. Such medicines are sold without a prescription form, so they can be freely purchased at the pharmacy network.

Moisturizing drops do not affect the tissues of the eye, but are artificial tears. Thanks to this, they practically have no contraindications. Consider the popular products from the group of moisturizers:

• Visomitin. The tool has a keratoprotective effect, it fights against age-related changes in the lacrimal fluid, as well as dry eye syndrome. Visomitin has antioxidant activity, due to which the cells of the conjunctiva are normalized, the inflammatory reaction is removed and the composition of the tear film is normalized. Visomitin is drops from cramps, itching, burning and pain in the eyes. This is a unique drug that affects not only the symptoms, but the very cause of the problem.
• Systein. Relaxing preparation effectively removes dryness, fatigue and eye irritation. Soon after instillation, unpleasant symptoms such as itching, redness, and burning decrease. When drops fall on the mucous membrane of the eye, they form a film that protects against drying out.
• Vidisik. The gel has keratoprotective properties. This combined remedy, similar in composition to lacrimal fluid. On the surface of the eye, Vidisik forms a delicate film that lubricates and moisturizes. The gel stimulates the healing process.
• Hilo chest of drawers. These are drops for relaxing the eyes, which are used for dry eye syndrome, after surgery, as well as for a feeling of comfort when wearing. contact lenses... The Hilo-chest of drawers contains hyaluronic acid, it does not contain any preservatives and is approved for use during pregnancy. Hilo-chest of drawers - these are drops from pain, itching and fatigue in the eyes.

Systane is a well-known eye drops for irritation

Activating metabolic processes

Such drops are prescribed by specialists to slow down age-related changes and degenerative processes in the tissues of the visual apparatus, as well as in the treatment of cataracts. Included in active ingredients help the eye get more oxygen and nutrients. Medicines of this group improve microcirculation processes, eye nutrition and restore functional activity.

Let's single out the prominent representatives of this group:

• Quinax. It is often prescribed for the treatment of lens opacity - cataracts. Quinax has antioxidant activity and protects the lens from the negative effects of free radicals.
• Taufon. The remedy is prescribed for dystrophic changes occurring in the organs of vision. Taufon stimulates metabolic and energy processes, and also speeds up the healing processes. The tool normalizes intraocular pressure and metabolism.
• Catalin. It is used in preventive and medicinal purposes from diabetic and senile cataract... Catalin normalizes nutrition, metabolic processes in the lens, and also prevents the appearance and development of cataract symptoms.

Taufon is cheap eye drops that activate metabolic processes in the tissues of the eye

Antiglaucoma

Glaucoma drops are prescribed for increased intraocular pressure. Glaucoma, or eye hypertension, is fraught with the development of atrophic changes in optic nerve and complete loss of vision. Drugs reduce production intraocular fluid and improve its outflow. Such drops are good method non-surgical fight against glaucoma. The safety of the patient's vision depends on the correctness of their choice.

Let's talk about four well-known anti-glaucoma drops:

• Pilocarpine. The tool narrows the pupil of the eye and reduces the increased intraocular pressure. Pilocarpine is also used for eye examination, as well as after surgery. The agent belongs to the group of alkaloids, which is made from the leaves of a plant of the genus pilocarpus;
• Betoptic. The drug belongs to the group of selective beta-blockers. Intraocular pressure decreases due to a decrease in the production of ophthalmic fluid. Betoptic selectively affects the receptors of the organs of the visual apparatus. The tool does not affect the size of the pupil and indicators of twilight vision;
• Fotil. These are combined drops, which include pilocarpine and timolol, a beta-blocker. Fotil causes a spasm of accommodation and constriction of the pupil. Within half an hour after instillation, an effect is observed that can persist up to fourteen hours;
• Xalatan. The product improves the outflow of aqueous humor, preventing the progression of glaucoma.

Eye wash drops

Eye rinsing may be necessary in case of injury, as well as contact with foreign body or aggressive substances. Also, doctors recommend the procedure for inflammatory processes. Consider three types of eye wash drops:

• Sulfacil. Belongs to the group of sulfonamides. Has a bacteriostatic effect on gram-positive and gram-negative microflora. This means that under the action of the drug, the active growth and reproduction of pathogens is suspended;
• Levomycetin. It is an antibiotic with a wide range actions. Addiction to Levomycetin is slow.
• Albucid. It is an antibiotic with a bacteriostatic effect, which eliminates infectious and inflammatory processes. The active substance has antimicrobial activity and belongs to sulfonamides.

Albucid is antibacterial drops that are used to wash the eyes

Midriatic

The pupil is a hole in the iris of the eye through which sunlight penetrates into it, refracts and hits the retina. Pupil dilation drops can be used in two cases:

• Curative purpose. In the treatment of inflammatory processes and during surgery.
• Diagnostic purpose. To check the fundus.

Let's review the famous mydriatics:

• Atropine. The tool has a large number of contraindications and is highly toxic. Sometimes the action of Atropine persists for ten days. The drug can cause discomfort and blurred vision for a certain period of time;
• Midriacil. Approximately twenty minutes after instillation, the agent begins to act. The therapeutic activity lasts for several hours, which means that the functions of the eye are quickly restored. The product can be used by both adults and children. You can read more about eye drops for children in this article;
• Irifrin. The tool is used for both therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. This is due to the ability of Irifrin to lower intraocular pressure.

Irifrin is used for diagnostic purposes for pupil dilation

Antiseptic

The main task of antiseptics is to disinfect surfaces. These funds have a wide spectrum of action and therefore bacteria, viruses, protozoa, fungi are sensitive to them. They are low-allergens and do not have a systemic effect on the body. The drugs help to alleviate the condition of conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis and other inflammatory processes. Antiseptics eliminate redness and prevent pathogens.

Consider two well-known antiseptics for treatment eye diseases:

• Vitabact. Drops have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial action. Piloxidine is the main active component of the drug. Vitabact is used for infectious lesions of the anterior parts of the eye: conjunctivitis, dacryocystitis, keratitis, blepharitis.
• Okomistin. Benzyldimethyl is the active ingredient in antiseptic drops. Okomistin is prescribed for eye injuries, keratitis, conjunctivitis. It is also used to prevent pyoinflammatory complications.

Okomistin is an antiseptic eye and ear drops

Antiallergic

This group of medicines is used for allergic manifestations in the eye area:

• redness;
• edema;
• burning;
• photophobia;
• lacrimation.

A feature of antiallergic drops is that they only relieve allergy symptoms, but do not have therapeutic effect... Such drugs are prescribed for seasonal conjunctivitis, inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by wearing contact lenses, as well as drug inflammation.

Consider a list of antiallergic drops:

• Alomid. It is an antihistamine used to stabilize mast cells. After instillation, temporary itching, burning, and tingling may occur.
• Allergodil. The tool has a decongestant and anti-allergic agent. Allergodil is used for seasonal conjunctivitis, as well as year-round inflammation of an allergic nature. It is allowed to use the product after twelve years. Allergodil can cause eye irritation.
• Opatanol. The active ingredient in the drops is a potent selective antihistamine. Opatanol effectively fights the symptoms of seasonal conjunctivitis: itching, burning, swelling, redness of the mucous membrane.
• Dexamethasone and Hydrocortisone are used strictly as directed by your doctor. Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid that relieves inflammation and allergic reactions. Hydrocortisone relieves inflammation, irritation, redness, and also reduces the migration of protective cells in the focus of the inflammatory reaction.

Allergodil is an anti-allergic agent that is used in the form of eye drops and nasal spray

Vasoconstrictor

Such funds are used for edema and redness of the eye. Such unpleasant sensations can be the result of an allergic, inflammatory reaction or irritation. The vasoconstriction causes the swelling and edema to disappear within just a few minutes. Use vasoconstrictor drugs can be strictly according to the doctor's instructions and for a short time, as they can be addictive.

Consider in more detail the representatives of the vasoconstrictor group:

• Octylia. The tool belongs to alpha-adrenergic agonists. Tetrizoline - the active component of Octylia - constricts blood vessels, relieves puffiness, stimulates the outflow of intraocular fluid and causes pupil dilation. The tool relieves unpleasant symptoms of eye irritation: lacrimation, itching, burning, painful sensations;
• Okumelit. This is a combined anti-inflammatory agent with antiallergic, antiseptic effect. Ocumetil relieves eye swelling and irritation. After installation, the active ingredient is able to be absorbed into the systemic circulation, which can cause serious side effects from the side internal organs;
• Vizin. The active ingredient is an alpha-adrenergic agonist - tetrizoline. Vizin narrows blood vessels and relieves swelling. Within a minute, the effect of the drug is manifested, which lasts for four to eight hours.

Eye drops Vizin quickly narrow blood vessels

Antibacterial

Antibacterial drugs fight bacterial eye diseases. But exactly bacterial infection most often it becomes the cause of inflammatory processes. Let's talk about effective antibiotics in the form of drops:

• Tobrex. The active component of the drug is tobramycin. It is an antibiotic from the aminoglycoside group. Tobrex is used to treat infectious and inflammatory processes in people of any age, including newborns. Staphylococci, streptococci, Klebsiella, Escherichia coli and Diphtheria bacillus are sensitive to tobramycin;
• Digit. Active ingredient is ciprofloxacin - an antibiotic from the group of fluoroquinolones. Capable of calling adverse reactions as allergic reactions;
• Floxal. It is an antimicrobial agent to which gram-negative bacteria are most susceptible. Floxal is effective in treating barley, conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis and other diseases.

Antiviral

Antiviral drops are of two types:

• Virucidal chemotherapy drugs and interferons. These funds destroy viral infection.
• Immunomodulators. Strengthens the resistance, or resistance, of the body, making it easier for it to fight pathogens.

Poludan is effective antiviral agent

Let's talk about four popular antiviral eye drops:

• Oftan Go. Idoxuridine is the active component of the drug, which is a pyrimidine nucleotide. Its main disadvantage is poor penetration into the cornea and the impossibility of influencing resistant strains of viruses and toxic substances... When instilling Oftan Idu, itching, burning, pain, swelling may occur;
• Ophthalmoferon. This is a combined agent with anti-inflammatory, antiviral and immunomodulatory agents. A product based on human recombinant interferon has been produced. Ophthalmoferon also has a local anesthetic and regenerative effect;
• Aktipol. The tool has not only antiviral effect, it has antioxidant, radioprotective and regenerative properties. Aktipol is rapidly absorbed into the tissues of the eye and promotes wound healing, as well as the removal of puffiness;
• Midday. Usually drops are used in the treatment of adenoviral and herpetic lesions of the eye. Poludan also has immunomodulatory effects. Sometimes the remedy can cause allergic-type side effects.

So, eye drops are effective drugs in the fight against various diseases visual apparatus. These funds are divided into different groups depending on the availability of the active ingredient. For bacterial lesions, antibacterial agents are used, but if the ophthalmic disorder is of a viral nature, then experts prescribe antiviral drops. When fungal disease antimycotic drops are prescribed. And this is not a complete list of all available eye preparations.

Eye drops can be used not only for medicinal purposes, they are also used for prevention and diagnostic research. Howbeit, medicines for the eyes should be prescribed by a doctor after an examination and an accurate diagnosis.

The eyes are a very important organ for every person. It is with the help of it that we see the world around us and can enjoy life every day. Therefore, the state of this organ must be very carefully monitored and, if any problems arise, try to get rid of them as soon as possible. A fairly common eye disease is demodicosis. In this case, the infection occurs from an eye mite, which is also called "demodex" (demodex).

Causes

On thicker skin, this pathogen mite is present in almost all people. And this is completely normal. But his presence alone is not at all enough for the disease to manifest and begin to develop.

The disease begins to actively progress not in all people. The reason for this may be a sharp decrease in immunity, for example, as a result of an illness or surgery. This can be the impetus for the development of the discussed disease. And besides, there are other reasons:

• various diseases of the digestive system;
• all kinds of hepatitis;
• metabolic disease;
• vision problems;
• frequent stress, anxiety and emotional shaking;
• a sharp change in climate or just weather conditions;
• long-term use of certain hormonal ointments;
• pregnancy.

Symptoms and Signs

Symptoms and signs of the disease under discussion include:

• redness and peeling of varying degrees of intensity on the eyelids;
• depletion of eyelashes and their excessive loss;
• and burning in the eyes after a night's sleep;
• feeling that sand has been poured into the eyes;
• profuse discharge from the eyes, which has a sticky consistency and looks like mucus;

• constant desire to rub and scratch eyes;
• between the eyelashes, small scales of the skin and liquid sticky discharge become clearly visible;
• in some cases, barley forms in the eyes;
• all kinds of rashes and irritations on the skin of the face and neck;
• severe irritation of the skin and eyes after the usual washing with soap or special tonic.

If you look closely at the eyelashes and eyebrows of a person, you can notice in them a sticky substance that looks like a cobweb.

How to treat an eye mite in humans

First you need to go to the doctor so that he can give his patient an accurate diagnosis. For this, for example, several eyelashes will be taken from each eye, which the doctor will then carefully examine under a microscope. If the tick was nevertheless found, then the doctor will prescribe the appropriate and most suitable treatment for the patient.

To relieve an allergic reaction and itching, special anti-allergenic agents are instilled into the eyes. And the edges of the eyelids, which become very rough in the process of illness and begin to rub the eyes, are gently smeared with calendula tincture so that it does not get into the eye.

Before going to bed, it is recommended to wash your face and eyes with antibacterial soap, which removes the waste products of the tick that have accumulated during the day. In the process of washing, you should intensively massage the eyelids with your fingers so that blood circulation improves, and toxins leave the body faster.

If the eye damage is too severe, the doctor may also prescribe magnetic or physical therapy.

To speed up the treatment and prevent re-infection in the future, the patient is prescribed vitamins and special supplements that improve immunity.

In general, the course of treatment is quite long - it can take from 20 to 50 days.

In order not to catch such an infection from pets, it is necessary to regularly examine them for the presence of an eyelash mite.

If a girl has been ill with demodicosis, then all cosmetics must be thrown away and replaced with new ones, otherwise they will contain live pathogens.

It is also useful to exclude all salty and spicy foods from your diet during treatment.

Medications

Special eye drops for ticks Demodex

Of course, hygiene procedures and increased immunity alone will not make it possible to get rid of the tick. Treatment must be comprehensive. It will include special eye drops and ointment. The main thing is to strictly follow all the doctor's recommendations and complete the course of treatment. On the shelves of modern pharmacies, you can find a variety of eye drops that are great for helping to cope with this problem.

Eye drops Tsipromed

They are an effective antibacterial agent that is used for infectious and inflammatory diseases of the eyes, namely for the treatment of conjunctivitis, keratins, blepharitis, as well as for the prevention of inflammatory eye processes after injuries or surgeries.

Eye mite ointment

As for the ointment, Demalan is most often prescribed to the patient. It is applied to the roots of the eyelashes twice a day - in the morning and in the evening. This procedure allows you to cut off the oxygen supply to the infected skin and thereby kill the ticks.

Treatment with folk remedies

Of course, we must not forget that there are various folk remedies that help get rid of the tick.

For example, you can make effective masks from laundry soap. To do this, beat it in your hand until foam appears, apply to problem areas and leave for an hour. After this time, you need to apply a new layer of soap suds on top. And so 4-5 times. Such procedures are repeated until the very recovery.
Special blackcurrant compresses are also very effective. To do this, pour half a glass of dried berries with two glasses of water, bring to a boil, and then simmer for another 15-20 minutes over low heat. In the finished broth, moisten a cotton swab and wipe the affected skin with it.

The disease is often asymptomatic or in an erased form. It can occur in isolation, affecting only the eyes or in combination with the disease on other parts of the face and body. Many scientists believe that this is not an independent disease.

The reasons for the activation of the tick and the appearance of demodicosis:

• weakening of immunity;
• metabolic disease;
• elderly age;
• the presence of trichomoniasis;
• in children - diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, lungs;
• hyperopia.

Provoking factors for exacerbation of demodicosis:

• stress, nervous overload;
• improper diet with an excess of fatty, fried;
• excessive sun exposure;
• abuse of steam rooms and saunas;
• fatty creams, ointments for the face;
• taking hormonal drugs.

All of these factors increase the production of sebum that Demodex feeds on.

Infection methods:

• with direct contact with a sick person;
• through the clothes;
• linens;
• hygiene items;
• cosmetics.

Sometimes you can get infected in a beauty salon while cleaning your face.

How does demodicosis of the eyes manifest?

Diagnosis of the disease is usually straightforward. The presence of a skin mite in the eye area can be observed visually, according to the following symptoms:

• tired eyes;
• itching, worse in the evening and at night;
• inflammation;
• feeling of grit in the eyes;
• swelling of the eyelids;
• hyperemia of the edges of the eyelids, purulent plaque;
• stuck eyelashes;
• scales at the roots of the eyelashes in the form of a ring.

There are scanty discharge, slight swelling and redness of the eyelids, loosening of internal folds, follicular hypertrophy. Dry eye syndrome develops due to a decrease in the lipid layer of the lacrimal glands: their volatility increases. There are trophic disorders of the cornea, a decrease in its sensitivity. The vessels of the eyes suffer.

Frequent companions of eyelid demodicosis are recurrent barley, eyelash loss, acne, rosacea. The waste products of the tick cause allergy symptoms, the appearance of rosacea, seborrhea.

Diagnostics

After studying all the symptoms, an analysis is carried out to confirm the diagnosis: quick diagnosis right in the presence of the patient in the doctor's office. 4 cilia with upper eyelid, 4 - from the bottom. It's the same with the eyelashes of the other eye. They are placed on a glass slide, a special substance is instilled on top, covered with another glass, and examined under a microscope.

The presence of a tick and its eggs confirms the diagnosis of demodicosis. Sometimes scraping is taken from the surface of the affected areas around the eyes and from the edges of the eyelids. For the accuracy of the analysis, the patient should not wash with soap two days before him, or use cosmetics.

A loose, delicate epidermis, prone to redness, is considered a predisposing factor. Basically, these are blondes and brown-haired women. Men are less susceptible to this disease. Because they use makeup less often and shave constantly. When shaving, at the same time with the hairs, dead skin particles are scraped off together with dirt, pathogens, eggs.

You can take a test for getting into a risk group in the article:.

People who are not in any risk group, who have elastic, healthy skin, rarely develop demodicosis.

How to treat

It will not be possible to completely get rid of the disease, because the number of its carriers is very large, ticks constantly move from one person to another. Therefore, the main task of treatment is stable remission, the absence of all visible manifestations of the disease.

Usually, drugs for external use with antidemodectic activity are used. The main active ingredients metronidazole and tinidazole kill saprophytes. Substances in the composition of these drugs have the ability to disinfect the affected area, cleanse from sebaceous secretions and Demodex waste products, and relieve inflammation.

Facilities

• Ointments. Application medicinal composition often causes problems forever. They are replaced with eye baths.
• Gels. They are effective due to the fact that they do not contain fat, the fine structure allows useful substances to penetrate deeply into the affected area of ​​the skin. Cool and moisturize the epidermis, relieve the symptoms of inflammation.
• Pharmacy-made alcohol or ether-based solutions. Effective for a short time. Do not use alcohol for a long time. Alcohol dries up the epidermis, which leads to increased sebum production.
• To strengthen the body's defenses, treatment with immunostimulants and vitamins is prescribed. Electrophoresis is performed with medicinal plants... Electricity promotes deep penetration of the drug, moisturizes, and reduces the production of fat.

Olga Rosen
Cosmetologist-esthetician

At the same time, it is necessary to be observed by a dermatologist and a cosmetologist. During this period, proper cosmetic care is important. The face is cleaned 2 times a day from sweat and fat released to the surface of the epidermis, dirt, and waste products of mites. Moisturize to reduce inflammatory process on the face.

The improvement of the skin leads to the restoration of its protective properties. The task of the doctors is to bring her to the point where she can cope with demodex on her own.

In parallel, it is necessary to treat concomitant diseases: diseases of the intestines, liver, gastritis, endocrinological disorders, seborrhea.

Change bed linen constantly, boil and iron it. Change feather and down pillows for artificial materials: they are easy to wash, the mite does not like to settle in them.

Exclude

1. Sauna and steam room;
2. warming up procedures;
3. cosmetics with honey, as honey dilates blood vessels;
4. alcohol, sweet, fatty, spicy, salty and very hot food.

Treatment of demodicosis is long-term: 1.5-3 months. All these methods and means do not guarantee complete elimination of saprophytes, they only relieve symptoms. But effective remedy there is currently no treatment for subcutaneous ticks.

Get rid of folk methods

A whole range of therapeutic measures will help to cope with an eye mite. Along with the doctor's prescriptions, the use of folk remedies is allowed.

Traditional medicine recommends eating one garlic clove daily on an empty stomach. The eyes are treated with a solution of Dimexide, an aqueous infusion of tansy or tincture of wormwood. Eye drops of zinc sulfate in boric acid are dripped. 2 drops 3 times a day. Demodex does not like alkaline environment therefore it is possible to use alkaline eye drops.

Folk remedies

• Aloe juice, it is completely harmless to the body, is used in the form of compresses. Dilute aloe juice with water 1: 1, moisten gauze and apply on eyes for 20 minutes. Repeat every other day.
• Laundry soap. Wet cotton swab, smear with soap and rub into places affected by demodicosis.
• Compresses on areas affected by saprophyte from chamomile decoction.
• Tomato juice. You can make lotions all over your face.
• fights the symptoms of demodex damage and helps in treatment.
• Artificial tear. Used to relieve dry eye symptoms.

Inside for the treatment of the disease, take a decoction of wormwood for 6 days. Pour 2 tbsp. l. wormwood with one liter of water. Cook for a few minutes. Take around the clock without interruption on the first day - 50 mg after 1 hour, the second day - after 2 hours, the third day - after 3 hours. You can add honey.

The eyelid massage accelerates the treatment of demodicosis. Do it every day before medical procedures. It is not recommended to treat only folk remedies... The tick does not lend itself to any one remedy. Complex therapy will help.

If you don't solve the problem

When the epidermis around the eyes and on the eyelids is clean, the treatment should not be interrupted. In many cases, it is unfinished treatment that is the cause of relapses of the disease.

If not treated, then eyelashes usually fall out, the edges of the eyelids become hypertrophied, and this causes difficulty in closing the eyelids. Eyelashes grow in the wrong directions. Untreated demodicosis causes inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eyes - blepharoconjunctivitis. This leads to a deterioration in the functions of the glands of the cartilage of the eyelids. Chalazions are formed - seals in the cartilage of the eyelids in the form of hailstones. Chalazions are treated only by surgery.

Keratitis is another complication of this disease. A thorn is formed, vision deteriorates sharply. Uveitis develops - an inflammation of the vessels of an allergic nature. Its symptoms: pain, redness, blurred vision, decline in working capacity.

Olga Rosen
Cosmetologist-esthetician

If the treatment is not completed, then a relapse develops in 10% of cases. The disease spreads to other parts of the face, perhaps even to the entire body. Concomitant complications appear. For example, the skin of the nose becomes covered with bumps and pimples, it becomes like a "potato". This is called rhinophyma. In other areas, the skin is also deformed, covered with ulcers. Sometimes they give off an unpleasant odor.

Complications of demodicosis are not only physical, but also psychological. Illness leads to social and emotional problems. 7 out of 10 people note that complications cause problems in the professional sphere, up to the destruction of a career. Such people are characterized by a feeling of self-doubt, a decrease in self-esteem, and depression.

How to protect yourself

Prevention of Demodex includes a whole range of recreational activities.

• Regular deep cleansing of the face, hardware and non-hardware.
• Treatment of problem skin by a beautician. Deleting vascular network on the face.
• Normalization of the diet. The use of plant and dairy foods. Elimination of all foods that cause increased sebum production and inflammation.
• Disinfection, or better change of all items for applying cosmetics.
• Strictly individual use of cosmetics and hygiene items. Better to use disposable.
• Daily change of linen with boiling and ironing.
• Refusal of cosmetics with hormonal drugs, since the Demodox loves to feed on hormones.

Our task is to make sure that everything that causes demodicosis is gone. Healthy way life, balanced diet, moderate physical exercise, compliance with the rules of hygiene is what will help to avoid the aggressive behavior of the tick.

The favorite localization of the tick is the eyelids, facial skin, the region of the eyebrows, forehead, nasolabial folds and chin, external auditory canal. The waste products of the tick contribute to the allergization of the body, the development of Acne rosacea on the face, seborrhea; cause specific eye damage - demodectic blepharitis and blepharoconjunctivitis. The disease is chronic with seasonal exacerbations in spring and autumn.

The clinical picture of demodicosis is predominantly recorded in persons with weakened the immune system, ametropia and metabolic disorders, often in old age. Occurs in children with chronic diseases gastrointestinal tract and lungs, uncorrected refractive pathology (farsightedness).

Symptoms and manifestations of demodicosis

Symptoms and manifestations (eye fatigue, itching, swelling, redness of the eyelid margins, the appearance of scales at the roots of the eyelashes for a long time) and high degree invasiveness (infectiousness of others) allows you to detect demodicosis already by visual inspection. The appearance of the affected eyelid is characteristic: plaque along the edge of the eyelids, cilia stuck together, surrounded by crusts in the form of a muff. History: frequent barley, eyelash loss, recurrent acne, psoriasis. Laboratory research is extremely simple, does not require special training and is possible in the presence of the patient right in the office. 8 eyelashes are taken from each eye: four from the upper eyelid, four from the lower. They are placed on a glass slide in a drop of an alkaline solution or a mixture of 1 ml of glycerin and 9 ml of saline; covered with a cover slip and examined under a microscope. Such a study makes it possible to quickly diagnose.

Treatment of demodicosis

Treatment is long-term, effective only with strict adherence to personal hygiene measures (the possibility of repeated self-infection).

After preliminary cleansing of eyelids and eyelashes from crusts with alcohol-containing tinctures of calendula or eucalyptus (twice with an interval of 15 minutes), ointment "Demalan" ("Demalon") is applied to the edges of the eyelids 2 times a day (or 1 time at night). A similar treatment is carried out on other itchy areas of the skin of the face, not forgetting about the eyebrows and the external auditory canal. "Demalan" is considered the most effective and well-studied drug for the etiotropic treatment of demodicosis.

The waste products of ticks contribute to human allergization. To relieve local toxicoallergic reactions, it is advisable to use prenacid ointment (lubricating the edges of the eyelids twice a day for 5-7 days) or instillation of microdoses of corticosteroids (6-8 times a day). In the presence of purulent blepharoconjunctivitis / blepharitis, it is recommended eye ointment and drops of "colbiocin" or "eubetal-antibiotic" (4 times a day for 10 days). In the presence of scaly blepharitis, a preliminary 2-3 day toilet of the edges of the eyelids is recommended. Efficiency drug treatment increases during physiotherapy: massage of the eyelids, magnetotherapy, ozone therapy (10 procedures per course daily or every other day).

In an integrated pathogenetic therapy allergic conjunctivitis, scaly blepharitis, drops and ointment "prenacid" are used, with purulent blepharoconjunctivitis - "colbiocin". In the treatment of combined infectious-allergic lesions of the eyelids and conjunctiva (in the absence of ophthalmic herpes!) "Eubetal antibiotic" ointment is highly effective. In 10% of cases, relapses are observed, more often due to interruption of the course of treatment.

Etiotropic therapy

Traditional appointments

Ointment Demalan- lubricating the edges of the eyelids twice a day for 45 days (with the development of allergic reactions to the components of the ointment, temporarily cancel the etiotropic treatment).

Ointment Demalan+ ointment "Prenacid"- in a 1: 1 ratio - lubrication of the edges of the eyelids twice a day for 25 days.

Local and Systemic

Local therapy

Treatment of the edges of the eyelids with alcoholic solutions of herbs (tincture of calendula, eucalyptus) or 70% alcohol solution with ether + skin treatment in the area of: eyebrows, forehead, wings of the nose, chin, external auditory canal - twice with an interval of 15 minutes (up to ointments!).

Ointment "Prenacid"- allergic blepharoconjunctivitis, blepharitis;

"Colbiocin", "Eubetal-antibiotic"(eye drops and ointment) - purulent blepharoconjunctivitis, blepharitis.

Local physiotherapy

Eyelid massage, ozone therapy (topically), magnetotherapy (against the background of ongoing drug therapy)

Combined treatment of dysbiosis (polyvalent strepto / staphylococcal bacteriophage; nystatin, etc.).

Spectacle correction of refractive pathology (especially in children with hyperopia).

Systemic therapy

Correction of immunological and metabolic disorders.
- Treatment of chronic gastroduodenitis and cholecystopancreatitis (anamnestically - in 80% of the examined),
- Treatment chronic diseases lungs;

Prevention of infection (repeated self-infection)

Treatment of demodicosis of the eyelids should be carried out simultaneously with the treatment of demodicosis of the face.

To remove the waste products of mites, the procedures of morning and evening face washing with antibacterial soap are recommended to be supplemented with self-massage of the eyelids (with wet fingers for 1-2 minutes).

In order to avoid repeated self-infection during the treatment period, it is recommended:

Use disposable napkins to wash the eyelids and wash your face,
- ironing pillowcases and towels daily;
- carry out regular cleaning of glasses, shaving devices, incl. cases;
- wash or clean other personal items (gloves, scarves, hats, motorcycle helmets) in contact with the skin of the face;
- for women to exclude cosmetics, eliminate cosmetics contaminated with mites;
- children can become infected after contact with infected objects.

Until complete recovery, limit contact (face to face) with loved ones.

Not recommended during treatment: drinking alcohol and spicy food, visiting baths and swimming pools, prolonged exposure to the sun, hypothermia, chronic fatigue, increased visual stress (including a computer).

Etiotropic therapy

Alternative appointments

Spray can "Spregal"- lubrication of the edges of the eyelids with a tampon (!) soaked in medicine is permissible only by an ophthalmologist.

Complex pathogenetic therapy

Local and Systemic

Local therapy

With scaly blepharitis, it is advisable to pre-toilet the eyelids with antiseptic solutions (furacillin, KMnO4, boric acid) with the imposition of a petroleum jelly bandage overnight binocularly for 2-3 days.

The use of corvalol or valocordin for the treatment of the edges of the eyelids is limited (burning); you can use 5% water solution novocaine, 35-30% water solution "Dimexida";