The human ability at the same time see two eyes and receive a surround view of the surrounding objects is called binocular vision. If such an ability is broken, it affects the sharpness, clarity and other features spectatic perception. Restore binocular vision in adults will help special exercises.

In this article

How does binocular vision work?

With normal binocular vision, each human eye receives a separate image, after which the brain converts them into a single bulk picture. For a number of reasons, the eyes of adults can work disobedient, and then the merging of two images in one does not occur. This negatively affects the sharpness of the visual function, prevents adequately to perceive the distance between the objects and evaluate them in the surround perspective.

Violations binocular vision It may arise if there is a big difference in the optical strength of the right and left eye, the eyeballs are asymmetrically located, the work of the nervous system or eye muscles is broken, there are pathological changes in the retina, cornea or lens.
The most frequent ophthalmopathology, which accompany binocular vision disorders - is squint and amblyopia.

Is it possible to restore binocular vision?

Today in ophthalmology there are two main methods for restoring healthy binocular vision: orthoptics and the diplopictic.

• Orthoptic treatment is aimed at improving the joint work of the eyes as a single organ of vision. To achieve this goal, special exercises are applied, stimulating eyes to connect two pictures together.
• The Ciplopictic is a method of recovery of vision, the essence of which is to cause the patient the two-way perception object. This method stimulates the human ability to independently restore binocular stereoscopic vision. To carry out the diploptic exercises, the level of the squint should not exceed 7 degrees.

The final stage of treatment of binocular vision disorders is a special medical gymnastics for the eyes, the task of which is to increase the mobility of the eyeballs.

How to restore binocular vision at home?

Restoration of binocular vision at home can only be engaged in the event that such therapy appointed an ophthalmologist. After the diagnosis, the Specialist decides whether the standard therapy will help you or serious surgical treatment will be required.

Often to treat violations of binocular vision can be both outpatient in the clinic and at home, observing the prescriptions of the doctor. As a rule, they include wearing special glasses, performing a set of exercises and procedures aimed at restoring the balance between eyes.

Effective Binocular Restoration Exercises

Regular binocular vision training is important condition His recovery. There are several training systems that were developed by specialists in ophthalmology - Kashchenko, Bates, etc. To choose the optimal set of exercises for a particular patient can only an ophthalmologist during a full-time survey.

The main workout of the eye is carried out in the clinic conditions on special devices. But, in addition to hardware treatment, experts recommend as an additional measure to carry out special gymnastics at home.
Below we present several exercise options, which are often assigned to restore binocular vision in an adult and are suitable for home use.

Simple exercises at home

Draw a marker on a sheet of paper a vertical line 10 cm long and 1 cm wide. Attach the sheet to the well-lit wall at the level of the eye and go away from it to one meter.
Now tilt your head in such a way that you see the drawing line in a single copy, that is, she has not doubled before his eyes. After the double image is somewhat in one, start slowly removing your head down, not taking a look from the strip. Continue until the image starts to double.
Repeat the same steps from the very beginning, only already removing the head up, and then alternately to the sides. Perform such an exercise must be minimal three times a day for five minutes. In the same way, you can train binocular vision using any subject of a small size instead of the drawn line.

Effective focusing exercises

• Option 1.

Place the visual object on the wall and go away from it to a distance of two meters. Pull out your hand and lift up the index finger. It should be located in the same visual axis with an object on the wall.
First, focus focus on the visual object and watch it through the tip of the finger. It will seem to you that the finger is split. Then change the focus of attention and focus it at the tip of the finger. Now you have to see the hand as a solid image, and the object on the wall will be splitted.
Consider that the most clear image will be from the side of the eye with the best vision. Sometimes you can train by closing one eye so that the second one at this time worked with the maximum return.
You need to repeat this exercise several times. The alternate focus switching from the low-end object trains binocular vision, and over time you will notice that the image clarity increases.

• Option 2.

Take a bright drawing and first consider it entirely. Then choose a small image element and try to concentrate on it, eyes to outline its contour, consider the inner part, not paying attention to the main background. Then repeat the same thing, but to focus, select the item even smaller.

Consider stereograms useful for binocular vision

Useful exercise for adults with violations of binocular vision will consider stereoscopic pictures. When you look into stereograms, internal encrypted patterns appear before your eyes, the image becomes bulk, which helps to return the binocular vision.

Under the concept of binocular vision, the ability of a clear vision of images at once with two organs of the visual apparatus, that is, through the eyes. This is due to the combination of a common picture visible in the cerebral cortex. It can also be called stereoscopic vision, which allows you to see the volume of the image, determine the distance directly between objects and how far or close every object is from a person. In a word, it is healthy vision.

But there are also monocular vision, in which one eye determines the shape, width and height of any thing, but it is impossible to check the distance. Therefore, for normal human life, it is necessary to stereoscopic vision.

Binocular vision is completely absent at the birth of a person, but begins to form from 2 months of age. Nevertheless, it is possible to develop it in any age category.

Conditions for the existence of binocular vision

1. In each visual body there should be a view of at least 0.3-0.4.
2. The position of the eyeballs should be parallel.
3. Crystal, cornea and vitreous body must have transparency.
4. The ability to fusion.
5. Both eyes should be correctly united when looking at a moving subject.
6. When viewed near the convergence of the eyes must fit each other.
7. There should be no pathologies that violate the functionality of vision.

As the vision is determined

To determine binocular vision today there are many tests with the use of special devices and without them. With the help of equipment, the field of view is divided in each individual eye using color filters or polaroid devices. The most popular is the 4-point colorland for the study of binocular vision of CT 1.

In this case, before the eyes of a person are located different colors of light filters (green and red) in the form of glasses. Then you need to focus on the special circular screen. It has 4 luminous mug: 2 green, 1 red, 1 white. If a person has a binocular vision, he will see all four circles, but the white circle will seem to him the color, which light filter will go to the larger eye. If there is no stereoscopic vision, then the patient will be seen only 2-3 circle or 5 (while simultaneous vision).

Front testing

There are still many ways to conduct a study of binocular vision without the use of equipment. This testing can be carried out at home:

Treatment methods

Binocular vision treatment is not subject to treatment, but its absence is undoubtedly. As a rule, the squint is most often observed, so all measures should be directed exclusively for the treatment of this pathology. But without the presence of strabismus and other diseases, you can learn to develop binocular abilities. For this, there are special exercises for binocular vision:

Eyesight with two eyes when the images merge into one visual image is called binocular. The fusion of the image from both eyes takes place in the cortical department of the visual analyzer, cerebral cortex. Thanks to binocular vision, we can determine the distance between the objects, orientate in space, obtain the impression of the volume, perceive objects in three dimensions, i.e. we have stereoscopic vision. The single image of the object perceived in two eyes is possible only in the case of its image to the so-called identical, or corresponding, retinal points to which the central mesters of the retina are both eyes, as well as the retinal points located symmetrically with respect to the central pits. In central pits, individual points are combined, and at the rest of the retina, receptor fields related to one ganglion cell. In the case of projecting an image of an object to asymmetrical, or so-called dispattors, the retina points of both eyes occurs five Image - Diplopia.

Binocular vision It begins to develop from early childhood and is formed by 1-2 years. Gradually, it develops, is improved, and by 6-8 years, stereoscopic vision is formed, reaching full development by 15 years.

For the formation of binocular vision the following conditions are needed:

the same visual acuity in both eyes (not lower than 0.4 per eye);

the same refraction (degree of hyposticity or myopia) in both eyes;

the same image of the retina;

symmetric position of eyeballs;

the agreed work of the glasses and the nervous system.

If one of these links is violated, binocular vision can be upset or not to develop at all or becomes monocular (vision with one eye) or simultaneous, in which pulses are perceived in the highest visual centers, then from the other eye. Monocular and simultaneous vision allows you to obtain an idea of \u200b\u200bonly height, width and form of the subject without assessing the interpordability of items in the depth space.

The main qualitative characteristic of binocular vision is deep stereoscopic vision of the subject, allowing it to determine its place in space, see relief, deep and volume. Images of the outside world are perceived by three-dimensional. In binocular vision, the field of view is expanding and visual acuity increases (by 0.1 - 0.2 or more). In terms of monocular vision, a person adapts and oriented in space, assessing the magnitude of familiar items. The further the subject is, the more so it is smaller. When you turn the heads located at different distances, objects are mixed relative to each other. With such vision, it is more difficult to navigate among those near items, for example, it is difficult to get an equestrian thread into the needles, pour water into a glass, etc.

The lack of binocular vision limits the professional suitability of a person.

To form a normal (sustainable) binocular vision the following conditions are needed:

sufficient acuity of vision of both eyes (at least 0.4), at which a clear image of items on the retina is formed;

free mobility of both eyeballs. It is the normal tone of all twelve eye muscles that provides a parallel installation of visual axes necessary for the existence of binocular vision, when the rays from the subjects under consideration are projected on the central region of the retina. This position of the eyes provides Orthoforia. This condition of both eyes is characterized by the fact that they can take such a position at rest, in which the visual axis of one eye is deflected or knutri (enophorery), or up (hyperfory), or a book (hypophory). The cause of heteropory is considered the unequal force of the operation of the oxogotable muscles, i.e. muscle imbalance.

The pathology of the glasses is one of the main causes of the loss of binocular vision:

equal sizes of images in both eyes - isoisopy. Different images of the image occur with anisometropy - different refraction of two eyes;

the normal functional ability of the retina, conducting paths and higher visual centers;

location of two eyes in one frontal and horizontal plane. When a single eye shifts during injury, as well as in the case of the development of an inflammatory or tumor process in orbit, the symmetry of the combination of fields of view is violated, stereoscopic vision is lost. With normal binocular vision, each point of the subject is annoying the corresponding identical, or corresponding, places of both retina. Corresponding retina points - ego, first of all, central mobs and points, located in both eyes in the same meridians and at an equal distance from the central pits. All other retinal points are unidentic;

disparants. Images are transmitted to various parts of the brain, so they cannot merge, resulting in two. This relationship between the location of the retinal points and their projection into the highest visual centers can be checked on itself, slightly pressed the finger on the eyeball through the eyelid. When the eye apple is shifting to the side, there is a bone (diplopia), as the location of the points of one of the retina has changed, and the images from the object did not fall on identical places.

Binocular vision should be well developed at pilots, transport drivers.

Violation of binocular vision is observed in any form of a squint.

A study of binocular vision It has great practical importance for the diagnosis of a number of diseases and during professional selection. It is possible to determine the binocular vision using special devices (four-point color) or the following simple ways.

Sokolova's way is the hole in the palm of the palm. A tube is folded from the paper sheet and put it in front of one eye. Palm will interfere with the second eye. When binocular vision, there are overlapping of paintings visible with both eyes. As a result, the study sees in his palm, as it were, the hole from the tube and in it objects visible through it.

Sample with a pencil, or a so-called breakdown sample, during which the presence or absence of binocularity is detected using two conventional pencils. The patient holds one pencil vertically in an elongated hand, the doctor is another in the same position. The presence of binocular vision in the patient is confirmed if with a rapid movement he hits the tip of his pencil in the tip of the doctor's pencil.

Sample with reading per pencil. In several centimeters, a pencil is placed in front of the reading nose. You can read without turning heads, you can only with binocular vision, since letters closed for one eye are visible to others and vice versa.

Article from the book: Eye diseases. Full reference | PERERIES VA

To restore and develop binocular vision, it is necessary, first of all, to visit the doctor who will prescribe a survey, and, depending on the result obtained, surgical or non-operational treatment. A complex of non-operative treatment includes classes for combining and merging on special computer programs.

"EUE" - with the help of red-blue glasses and diversified red-blue drawings there is a joint activity of the eye muscles (10-15 lessons for half an hour); "Crossings" - a chess field with different contrast of drawings (5-minute classes); "Spider" - different contrast dynamic structured drawings (classes of 5 minutes); "Contour" - 38 different-dimensional drawings allowing to circle existing patterns (visible with one eye), pen or handle visible to the second eye; "Relax" - 5-minute classes for removing the stress of the eye muscles; "Schulte Tables" - help expand the field of view, will learn how to perceive many data quickly, quickly read. Squares of 20-25 cm, 25 sections with arbitrarily inscribed numbers 1-25, which need to be placed in the correct order in 25 seconds. Various color and contrast modes complicate the task; "Blade" - Multicolored signals flashing, which are considered through red-blue glasses; "Chibis" - the use of stereograms; "Flower" - using the stimulating function of color image variables. To enhance the effect of treatment, additional classes can be carried out at home. Further you will learn how to restore binocular vision with the help of housekeeping.

Exercise number 1. "Training" The auditorium is placed on the wall, at a distance of 2-3 meters about a person. Squeeze a fist with an elongated upward finger. Hand to place so that it is 40 cm from the face, the tip of the index is on one visual axis. It will immediately seem two hands, and inside one object. Next you need to look at the tip of the elongated finger - the visual object is divided, and the hand will become alone. Repeat several times - then look like both eyes on the fingertips, then on the wall on the wall. In the normal position, dual images will be the same definition. If one of the eye is driven - the part of the image and will be clearer. Then you need to do this exercise additionally - covering the leading eye and training weaker. Exercise to perform for both eyes, for each separately, but more loading weaker. So, gradually, with the development and normalization of the work of each eye will also be restored by binocular vision.

Exercise №2 "Focus". You need to choose a complex color object for classes. This can be any picture, for example, butterfly. First consider the whole picture, moving around it. Then choose a smaller object for focusing - conditionally describe the contour of the selected goal, shade the inner part of the selected target. It will only be a butterfly, without background. Similarly, another smaller object is selected - half the wing. And again describe the border, shadow. At the end, the object for focusing should not be more than 0.5 cm - choose, circle, shrink. Thus, any visual object in reality is selected and focusing with a transition from large objects to smaller.

Algorithm is always one: the choice of focusing goals; Fixing the view; Circuit in the selected object; Hatching of the inside. Such skill allows you to smuggle less and get significantly clearer results.

EXERCISE №3 "STERES" Any patterns of stereograms are selected. Considering such images, you can see the bulk drawings inside the picture. In order to achieve this effect, the stereogram is placed at a distance of 30-40 cm from the eyes and the look focuses as if behind the drawing. After such a viewing, a hidden image is manifested. Next, you need to try to increase the distance from the stereogram, without losing the hidden image from the visibility field. Then, try to turn the head differently (left-right, up-down), without removing the eyes from the inner pattern and without losing the resulting volumetric image. First, it will be impossible. But gradually, the eyes will learn to adapt, and the object will be visible when the distance and the angle of inclination will be changed. Such a passion for stereograms will help relieve tension in the eyes, especially those who often work for PCs. It will help to additionally develop the eye muscles. Performing these simple exercises, and gradually complicating them, you can achieve a significant improvement in vision and complete restoration of binocular.

It is a special exercise that is carried out only with fingers and palms.

With the help of massage movements, you need to relax your eyes muscles, thereby removing the tension and fatigue, improving the blood supply to the eyeballs.

• Get down at the table and put the elbows on it. The head is located right.
• To begin with, heat the brush hands with light shakes, compressions of fists and rubbing palms. This will help not only prepare hands for massage, but also to relax the body.
• Palm with a boat with a boat and cover closed eyes, while maidens are located on the nose, and the base of the palms - on the cheekbones. Hands should remain in a relaxed position.
• Under Palming, a person should be as relaxed as much as possible, tune in positive way and think about something good. At this time, a lung massage of closed eyelids is carried out.

  When fully physical and emotional relaxation is achieved, it is necessary to sharply open the eyes. If the eyes see the black color, it means that the exercise is performed correctly. Otherwise, you need to dive more deeply into internal memories.

Before getting out of Palming, you need to breathe deeply, open your eyes and make several head movements - in different directions, up and down, side slopes. This will help improve blood circulation in eyeballs.

This is one of the most important features in the visual apparatus. She begins to form in childhood Almost immediately after the appearance of the baby on the light, the development process is completed to the twelve or fourteen years.

Stereoscopic vision helps a person to perceive the world's surrounding world in the 3D format, in other words, it is difficult to consider the form, parameters and contour of the object, but also to approximately determine which distance it is located.

The lack of binocular vision leads to serious problems, it is difficult for a person to navigate in space. It cannot determine at what distance is the object. Difficulties appear and in everyday life, for example, when trying to pour water into a mug or conceive a thread into a needle.

Sturdybism is the wrong position of the organ of vision, in which the deviation of one or both of the eye is detected in turn when looking straight. With a symmetrical location, the picture hits the central part mesh shell Each Oka. Then two scattered patterns in the cortical department of the organ of view are combined into one.

In the development of the seproincing, the merger does not occur as a result of the central nervous system, trying to defend himself from diplopia, "strikes out a picture obtained from the roofing eye. If a person for a long time is in such a state, ambulopia begins to develop (elimination of the damaged eye from the visual process).

Depending on the type of sturdy, the disease is divided into a converging, diversifying, upper or lower. The squint is not only a cosmetic defect, it interferes with fully perceive the environment. If pathology develops in children or people of old age, often it is accompanied by diplopia.

Binocular viewing mechanism

If you can reduce two pictures into a single whole, it means that everything is in order with health. "Puzzle" consists in the brain and is responsible for the Fuzion Reflex. In order for the process does not fail, it is necessary that the pair of identical images corresponding to the value and form will be in the main central CNS.

Light flows for spatial view should penetrate the same retinal points. They are also called corresponding. Each mark on the shell has a "neighbor" on the retina of the second eye. If the light falls on them, the images merge into a single whole, as if overlapping each other. In disruption, focusing, rays are reflected from different points and drawings are different, it leads to the development of diplopia.

Vision is considered to be binocular, subject to a number of conditions:

• There is an ability to merge in the brain of two pictures in one;
• Eyeballs are located symmetrically and move coordinated;
• Visual acuity is not lower than 0.3 diopters (this is enough for normal optical perception);
• There is no pathology called anisacyonia (eyes see pictures different in size);
• There are no clouds of a horny shell or lens, which are accompanied by a drop in visual acuity;
• Central nervous system Works without failures.

Causes of the occurrence of space

Eyes are a very sensitive human body that needs constant feeding, training and a full-fledged vacation. Permanent inaccupations, overwork, increased arterial and eye pressure become precursors of serious vision problems.

Specialists define the following reasons Impairment of view:

• Hereditary and acquired eye diseases;
• Infectious diseases;
• The diseases of the spine - the displacement of the vertebrae, as well as the various curvature of the spinal column;
• High gluing organism and reduced immunity;
• Diseases of the central nervous system;
• Different kinds fatigue and overvoltage of the eyeballs due to long stay at the TV, computer, behind the tablet or smartphone;
• Lack of vitamins A, B and C;
• Metabolic disease;
• Alcohol abuse, cigarettes and caffeine.

To select the most suitable recovery technique you need to spend timely diagnosis organs of vision.

There are a large number of factors capable of leading pathology. It is important to detect the reason to pick up effective treatment. So, cause deviation in binocularity can:

• Anisometropiy;
• Damage to the muscles of the organ of vision;
• Problems with muscle innervations;
• Pathological processes in the bone mass of the society;
• Cerebral diseases of the brain;
• Infectious diseases affecting the visual apparatus and the surrounding fabrics;
• Intoxication of the body;
• Cataract;
• Mechanical injury
• Mesh shell diseases (gap, detachment);
• New formation in the brain or eyes.

This is only a minimum list of ailments that can adversely affect stereoscopic vision.

• Heavy form of hypermetropy, myopia, astigmatism. If the correction of the disease was not carried out on time or chosen incorrectly, stabism is developing;
• Card-brain injury and diseases of the main organ of the central nervous system;
• Excessive physical or mental loads;
• Inflammation in the visual apparatus or the formation of tumors in the muscles of the eye;
• Congenital pathologies;
• Hereditary predisposition, paralysis;
• Strength loads on the body of the child.

The disease is congenital or acquired. The first form is due to genetics, which leads to the emergence of an anomaly in the ocean muscular muscles. The reason for the development of such deviations lies in the health problems in the mother during pregnancy.

Acquired sturdy develops for many reasons: infectious diseases, injury of the organ of vision, CNS disease, etc.

In the first 6-8 weeks there are no concerted movements of the eyeballs in the first 6-8 weeks, so they have a slight squint. After this time, the ability to see the item with both eyes appears, and at the age of 3-4 months, binocularity is fixed. By half a fusion reflex (coordinated simultaneous movements of the eyeballs) is formed, ensuring the possibility of stereoscopic vision, the child is able to see items at different distances. By 3-4 years, it becomes stable, and by the 14th age, the fundus is fully formed, and this indicates the completion of the process of formation of binocularity.

To stereoscopic vision formed correctly, the following conditions are necessary:

• normal tone of glasses of the muscles; Often, it is his weakening is the cause of loss of binocular vision in old age;
• the difference in the optical power of the eye should be no more than 0.5 diopters;
• no violations of the shape of the cornea;
• symmetry of both eyeballs. It happens that as a result of mechanical injury, the eye or inflammatory disease is disturbed by the symmetry of the coincidence of fields;
• the absence of any eye pathologies.

If a person has at least one of the above items, then the likelihood is that its stereoscopic vision is missing. In children, it is often manifested in the form of two common pathologies.

When identifying squinting in adults, treatment is appointed immediately, using modern equipment and complex techniques. It should be considered in detail that it causes an arbitraination in adulthood, its main manifestations, common ways to treat pathology.

Types of treatment of the squint and features of the manifestation of pathology in adults

Two forms of stabysma are isolated: friendly and paralytic.

In the first case, in turn kosses the left and right eye. The size of the deviations from the direct position is approximately identical. The main reason for the appearance of friendly sturdy is an ametropium. The stronger it is developed, the more affects the development of the squint. Also, the reasons for the occurrence of illness include:

• Pathology of the organ of vision leading to a sharp drop in eye acuteness;
• Uncorrected hypermetropium or myopia;
• Ailment of a mesh shell or optical nerve;
• Anomalies CNS;
• Congenital deviations B. anatomical structure eye;
• The state of the visual apparatus when the acuteness of one Oka is much lower than the second.

Friendly stability is accompanied by the following signs:

• Possible drop in visual acuity in a jamble eye;
• Alternate deviation from the central axis of the left and right eye;
• When fixing the gaze on a static object, one eye deviates aside;
• Lack of diplopia
• The mobility of the damaged OK persists in all directions;
• Lack of stereoscopic vision.

The reason for the appearance of an anomaly lies in the defeat of the corresponding nerve endings or violation of the functionality of the muscles of the organ of vision. Such pathologies are congenital or develop as a result of injury gained infection or formation of neoplasms.

Clinical picture paralytic stubism looks like this:

• Limited oka mobility towards damaged muscles or its full static;
• Split image;
• No spatial view;
• The forced tilt of the head in the one direction where the musculature is changed;
• Regular dizziness.

Sturdyby is also divided into three forms:

• Coming (eyes are directed to the bridge). The disease is often accompanied by hypermetropine;
• Discarded (an organ of vision is rejected towards the temple). In parallel, the development of myopia is possible;
• Vertical. Oco mows up or down.

How the violation of binocular vision is detected in children

If a child has no binocularity in a child, then, as a rule, it is fraught with strabismus or amblyopia ("lazy eye syndrome"). With the seproinations in children, the severity of visibility is reduced and there is no correct balance between muscles. Most often it develops at an early childhood (1-3 years), which is why you need to pay attention to the vision of the baby during this period. In addition, it is important in aesthetic aspect, because the child can be subjected to sweatshirts.

Amberopia is a pathology at which one eye does not participate in the audience, that is, the child has monocular vision. Its reasons can be different: myopia, the braking of visual perception in the cerebral cortex and others, but the most common is the squint, while ambulopia can become its cause. Often it is caused by a difference in visual sharpness between eyes (more than 0.3-0.4). This pathology must be revealed as early as possible, because over time, it can increase up to atrophy of visual functions from the "lazy eye".

The squint and amblyopia are diagnosed in 3-4% of children in the world, and it often happens precisely because of the late diagnosis of the absence of binocular vision. Regular checking from an ophthalmologist will help to avoid such problems. How to do it? You can check at home or by a doctor with special orthoptic devices.

Inspection of the ophthalmologist is necessary for the kid in 2 months, half a year and in one year old. This is necessarily even in the absence of visible pathologies. The doctor diagnoses whether a child has myopia or hypermetropia, check the sharpness and nature of view, an angle of squint (if there is). In the home, you can carry out simple tests yourself. For example, one of the common is the Calphic method.

The child holds a pencil in front of him at a distance of 30-50 cm, and the second pencil leads from above, trying to accurately connect the tips of their rods. If this fails to do this, and it constantly flies, then this is an urgent reason to appeal to a doctor. That is a simple way - to prescribe carefully to the top or lower eyelid at open eyes. With normal binocular eyesight, the text or item to which the child looks will be bother.

After the doctor establishes that the child's binocular vision needs to be recovered (and it is successfully restored, if you begin treatment in time), it is necessary to develop a set of measures that will help the baby to return the ability to see the world stereoscopically. There are special exercises for treating at home, as well as in the outpatient. The most productive will be their combination.

In the home atmosphere, experts recommend regular exercises to restore binocular vision. For example, this: find the missing element on one of two with the species of the same pictures. Well also helps the game "Lace": openings are made in a flat tight sheet of different shapes And the values \u200b\u200band the child needs to consistently stretch the lace through each of them.

Another effective exercise - to find among simple figuresLocated with rows (for example, asterisks, triangles, mugs), the same and delete consistently repeated. High results gives the rings of rings of different diameter on the axis, throwing the ball to the basket and other similar classes. To perform them, you need to combine two pictures in one thing that the brain is trying to do, thus, forcing the eye muscles to strain and focus a look.

In an outpatient basis, one of the common treatment techniques is the Ciplopic, which can be carried out from the two year old age. It is used in space. The essence is to cause the branch of the subject in the eyes. Before the patient, prismatic glass is installed, distorting and diving, and when it is cleaned, clear visibility is gradually restored.

The doctor also changes the prisms for better effect. In Russian medicine, the instruments of domestic developers are successfully applied. For example, "Reamed", based on the action of which is the principle of autotraining using video. The child browsing the cartoon, and at this time the device removes the enencephalogram of the eyes. At the same time, the picture on the screen is preserved only during the "right" view and disappears when it is lost.

The method of "lavetles on Kashchenko" is designed to restore binocularity with squinting and amblyopia. The basis of the work is the method of intensive photostimulation proposed by Professor T. P. Kashchenko. With a single eye closed on the second, a bright beam of light is sent for 15-20 seconds, then the patient translates the look at a white screen, located at a distance of 40 cm, and observes two consecutive images: dark and then light. The task of the patient is to combine them into one. This method gives greater performance when working with small children.

Widely applied in therapeutic institutions Sinopophore for the treatment of various violations of binocular vision. The principle of its work is quite simple, but very effective. The paired images are highlighted by special lamps (then one, then another), while also changes the power of lighting. Thanks to the alternate inclusion-off lamp, the child focuses on one, then on another figure. In the course of this, eye muscles are actively working, the load on them is distributed evenly and there are no complications.

We described only some of the exercises and techniques that will help restore binocular vision in a child. How to do this correctly, the doctor will solve the doctor who will prescribe the appropriate treatment. Sometimes, in advanced cases, you have to resort to surgical intervention. The pathology of vision does not pass by themselves with age, so it should be treated as soon as possible.

Exercise techniques differ for adults and children.

An effective treatment of strabismus in children is not only the correct diagnosis, selection of glasses and their wearing, but also special eye exercises with squinting for children, gymnastics, which contributes to improved vision. Methods of exercises for the treatment of strabismus in children and adults are different, therefore, maximum attention should be paid to this issue and approach with full responsibility.

Such pathology as squinting, children are found quite often. Based on statistics, it is diagnosed with each 50 child.

The treatment of strabismus is a long, painstaking joint work of a doctor, parents and the child himself. When identifying this diagnosis, initially the attending physician tries to find out the cause of the disease, if possible, eliminate it, and only after that proceeding to therapy of the consequences.

Any deviations from the norm in kids should be characterized as the beginning of the development of the disease.

As you know, it is difficult for children to keep in place, attract to classes, etc. If the child is completely small and cannot perform the exercises described above, it should be prohibited by the method for very small children, which will help cure the squint:

1. Prepare special drawings. They must be by type: "Find 5 differences." In the game form, a child with interest will be engaged, finding small parts, concentrating on two drawings. Also for more adult children can use labyrinth patterns.
2. Developing lacing, perfectly will help in the treatment of children's squint. There are various lacing on sale, but it can also be made independently. Cut the circle from cardboard, to do holes inside it (8-10 pcs.) Of different shapes. Stretching the lace through these holes, the child will focus on the holes and on the lace, thereby training the eye.
3. Prepare a fascinating game: Draw an equal number of cells on the paper sheet. Fill them with pair drawings (in scatter). Suggest the baby to find the same drawings, by tricking.
4. Screw a 60 watt light bulb into the table lamp and put a plasticine ball from it from it. Blank baby healthy eye bandage and ask to delay the view on the ball about 30 seconds. The distance from the child to the lamp should be at least 40 cm. The kid at the same time should see the dark circle with a light center. After that, show the baby card with letters. Move until the kid see the visual image.

At the same time, with the above-described eye exercises with squinting, gymnastics should be performed in order to improve eye mobility, which requires creating simple educational devices for children.

Important: Any manipulations carried out at home, such as the exercises described above must be coordinated with your doctor!

At home, the positive trend in the treatment of the squint will be observed only if the patient will perform each of the exercises at least 16 times.

Squint in adults: causes and methods of treatment

Binocular vision is the vision, in which the picture visible in two eyes is merged into one image. It gives depth and volume. In the absence of binocular vision, man significantly narrows the angle of view. It can only judge the height, width of objects, but it is difficult for him to assess the volume. In addition, the sharpness in violation of binocular vision is reduced.

All methods for restoring binocular vision are divided into surgical and physical. Surgical intervention is carried out in the case when the remaining methods did not give the result. It should be noted that the operation is not always effective, since it is often a cosmetic effect. The main disadvantage of operational intervention is that it cannot change the perception of the image in the head. It only removes the visual defect.

The greatest effect showed physical recovery of vision.

His task is:

• normalization of axes of view;
• proper functioning of the eye;
• prevention and preservation of vision.

Hardware treatment implies an impact with a laser on an indoor eye to create a larger load on it. Often, hardware treatment is used paired with occlusion. Occlusion implies the closure of a healthy eye for the period of treatment. These methods are most effective in childhood. They allow applications in adults, but require more time.

In adults people high efficiency showed corrective exercises. They are aimed at strengthening eye muscles. At the same time, a healthy eye for the time of classes is closed, the patient is under load.

The complex consists of 5 exercises.

1. It is necessary to focus on the elongated pinch.
2. Watch your eyes behind your finger and move it to the nose at a distance of 10 centimeters.
3. Transfer a look as much as possible.
4. Change the direction of view up and down.
5. When the eye mows inside, you need to lean to the leg and touch it with your fingers. Then climbing to follow the fingers of the elongated hand. In the case of a sick right-hand eye, the left pair of a foot hand is acting, with the left, on the contrary, the right leg arm.

All exercises must be performed every day. The number of repetitions is 10-15 times or 10-15 seconds.

Symptoms of space

In the absence of deviations, a person has binocular vision. This is an opportunity to get an image of each eye and combine it into a single integer in the cortex of the brain. Thanks to stereoscopic vision, we see the world around 3D, can determine the distance between objects.

With the development of sturdy the nervous system, the nervous system does not occur in order to avoid splitting the picture, simply eliminates the oblique eye from the visual process.

Normal vision in humans should be binocular. Binocular vision is a vision with two eyes with a connection in spectator analyzer (cerebral cortex) images obtained by each eye in a single image.

Binocular vision makes it possible to stereoscopic vision - allows you to see the world around three dimensions, determine the distance between objects, perceive the depth, bodyality of the surrounding world.

With the sepidity of this connection, the central nervous system does not occur in the visual analyzer to protect against the doubles, eliminates the image of the oblique eye.

Diagnostics

To set the correct diagnosis, the patient needs to undergo a detailed examination. Computer diagnostics received widespread in ophthalmology. It will be necessary to hold a number of hardware procedures aimed at determining refraction, deviation and motor ability of the organ of vision.

The doctor also checks the binocularity and conducts a neurological study.

For proper diagnosis of the area, a complete ophthalmic survey is performed. In the examination, computer diagnostics is widely used.

For full-fledged diagnostics, various tests are carried out on refraction, deviation and the motor ability of the eyes, determine the binocular vision. The feed of the patients undergo a special neurological examination.

The best clinics of Moscow, where hardware eye treatment is carried out

This method Treatment lies in the active local and general irritation of retina receptor elements with dynamic bright color pulses. The methodology is based on the development of the perception of the visual image, the muscular reserves of the eyes, the coordinated functioning of both eyes.

Software-computer treatment is shown for the treatment of amblyopia, development and restoration of binocular vision, the treatment of squint, improving visual acuity.

This technique is carried out using the following programs:

• "TIR", "pursuit" - gaming programs that contribute to the increase in visual acuity, the formation of proper fixation. Include fusion exercises, combining elements, resulting in a friendly work of both eyes. Adjust adjustment of the selection programs effective method For a particular patient.
• "EUE" is a program for the development of binocular vision; Expands the merge range of paired images in the direction of dilution and information of the visual axes.
• "CONTURE" - Methods used in ambiopia, for the development of binocular vision. In the process of the session, the patient looks through the red-blue glasses, with one eye sees the support drawing, drawing it with a pen, visible to the second eye. The program includes 38 images of varying degrees of complexity, characterized by contrast images, lines thickness and pen, the possibility of switching the objects of their dark into bright, flashing and other parameters.
• "Relax" is a program that has a normalizing influence on accommodation. Incentives are used with predetermined temporary, spatial, color indicators that derive accommodation from a stress state.
• "Schulte Table" - shows a rotating contrast frequency-spatial grid that has a stimulating effect by dynamic structured images.
• "Blade 2" is a program for diffidity and evaluation of binocular disorders in childhood. Also used to correct the functions of binocular vision. Contains programs to eliminate the squint, improving visual acuity.
• "Chibis" is a program used to determine the pathology of binocular stereoration, which is based on stimulating the coordinated work of the right and left visual channels due to the use of stereograms that are binocular incentives.
• "Flower" - a program for correction of amblyopia. The patient must be compared to the visible picture of the flower picture with its copy on the petal. Activates accommodation, convergence, vasomotor activity.

The lack of stereoscopic vision is not considered an independent ailment. It is a symptom of other anomalies developing in the body, which should be treated. After eliminating signs of illness, binocularity will be restored. For example, anisometropiy is treated with the operation. Also, corrective glasses or lenses are used to correct this pathology.

To restore the spatial review, it is necessary to figure out why he disappeared. Review this will help detailed diagnostics. In some cases, in addition to the counseling of the eyepiece requires an inspection of narrow specialists.

The most common anomaly at which binocularity disappears is a squint. Undage is accompanied by the inconsistency of the movements of the eyeballs. Simply put, the left and right eye will be curly in opposite sides. In some situations, one eye can completely fall out of the visual process.

In the development of strokes, the ability of normal perception remains only an eye, which is responsible for the visual function. Damaged eyes with time begins to see worse, its "performance" suppresses the central nervous system. Therefore, it is extremely important to proceed to therapy at the early stage.

Treatment of stabysma includes:

• Selection of optical correction (glasses, contact lenses);
• Amberopia therapy with hardware procedures aimed at increasing visual acuity of both eyes;
• Development of binocularity with the use of orthoptic or diploptic treatment;
• Surgical intervention;
• Fastening the achieved binocular abilities.

The type of intervention defines the doctor directly during the correction process. Since in this case, when surgery, it is important to take into account all the nuances of the muscles. Each patient has an individual "scheme", so the type of operation is determined in the process.

Surgical intervention is carried out by local anesthesia, not required in the hospital. The operated man can return home a few hours after the correction. The period of rehabilitation lasts about seven days. Doctors strongly recommend after surgery to complete the course of hardware therapy in order to maximize the work of the organ of vision.

From the video you will learn additional facts about the treatment of stabysma.

The positive trend in the treatment of the squint will be observed only if the patient will be at home every day to perform each exercise for at least 16 times:

1. Ask a child to pull out your hand in front of me and concentrate the look on the index finger. You should smoothly approach the finger to the nose (in this case, the look does not need to tear off from the finger), then you need to make moves with your finger up and down, also smoothly, and without tearing away from it.
2. We will persuade the baby to mentally imagine the sign of infinity and break it with his eyes, let him look up-down, left-right.
3. Make a child to observe approaching and removing objects. For example: for the ball (when playing ping pong or tennis).
4. Start a small diameter circle cut from paper to the window (about 1 cm.), Or draw it directly on the glass. Ask a child to focus on a circle, after which he will transfer a look at some item outside the window in the distance (tree, house, road, etc.).
5. Unscrew the kid from the sun, so that the back of the child watched him. Blank a healthy eye of the children's palm and ask him to smoothly turn the head in the direction of a healthy eye on so while the kid does not see the sun rays.
6. In the event that the right eye turns to the nose, it is necessary to close a healthy eye, put forward to the left foot and reach it right hand, After that, you need to turn the torso and stretch up the same hand. If the same eye turns to the temple, then it is worth putting the right leg forward and reach your left hand. Ask a child to do everything as well, just do the manipulation for the left eye.

At the squint, it is usually the ability to see normal to see only the eye that performs vision. The one that rejected to the side sees everything worse and worse over time, its visual functions are suppressed. Therefore, treatment should begin as early as possible.

Treatment of the squint may include:

1. optical correction (glasses, soft contact lenses);
2. increasing the visibility of both eyes (treatment of amblyopia) with hardware procedures;
3. orthoptic and diplopetic treatment (development of binocular vision);
4. fixing the achieved monocular and binocular functions;
5. surgery.

Usually, the operation is resorted to both a cosmetic medium, since it rarely restores binocular vision (when two images obtained by eyes, the brain connects into one).

The type of operation is determined by the surgeon already directly on the operating table, since with such an operation it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the arrangement of the muscles in a particular person.

Surgery By correction, the squint is performed in the "one day" mode, under the local drip anesthesia. On the same day, the patient returns home.

The final recovery takes about a week, but after such a surgical operation, doctors strongly recommend a course of hardware treatment for optimal recovery of visual functions.

Treatment is beginning after complete elimination of amblyopia and achieve a symmetric or very close eye position to it, with normal retina correspondence. Treatment is carried out comprehensively, including orthoptic methods, diploptics, an impact on the glasses and a fuzia.

After the plane binocular vision is developed, which is determined by the flowerity, include stereoptic techniques in the complex of treatment.

Visual acuity

Within one session, use 5 different techniques. The choice of techniques depends on the type of squinting, ophthalmologic status, the age of the patient and its intelligence.

With converging seeds, an amplipuls is prescribed to the outer straight muscles and musclester, divergent - amplipuls on the internal straight muscles and the convergenerer, with vertical deviations - amplipuls on the muscles - antagonists; From orthoptic methods - necessarily synopotor.

Depending on the age and testimony, recommended: gymnastics for horizontal muscles, training convergence, exercises with two pencils, entering a pencil in a ring, training on the separator of fields of fields, stereoscopes, hit by ball in tubes, ball games, badminton, and other games and exercises .

It is noted that binocular and stereoscopic vision is faster and easier formed in children with late term of the disease. With congenital and early sepuralation appeared, as already noted, the stereoscopic vision does not work out.

The treatment under consideration is considered to be the final stage in the treatment of strabismus. It is allowed to conduct patients who have reached the age of two years.

In front of the eyes, the prismatic glass is installed, which, in fact, does the bone. When it is cleaned, the vision is slowly restored. During therapy, the prism change.

Practice of getting rid of the area of \u200b\u200bthe house

The squint is the deviation of the axes from the standard direction, when the coordination of the work of the eye is disturbed, and the visual fixation is hampered at one facility.

An external symptom of the disease is the asymmetry of the position of the cornea in relation to the corners and the edges of the eyelids.

Also the symptom may be a decrease in visual acuity, painful feelings In the eyes, head, as well as diplopia.

There are several stability titles: Sturdy, heterotropy. Types of disease are also different. In this article will deal with how to get rid of the strabismus at home.

Squint: eye operation

This method is based on stimulating the eye structures by the action of low-intensity light rays. The impact turns out to be at a cellular, molecular level, the protective function of the retinal pigment layer increases, degenerative changes in the central nervous system are prevented, the eye trofe is improved, the regeneration activity of the cornea is enhanced, the spasm of the ciliary muscle is removed. Elements of the eyeball are irradiated by the defocused helium-neon laser beam.

Indications:

• accommodation spasm;
• asthenopic syndrome;
• amblyopia;
• pathology spectator nerve;
• compensated glaucoma;
• epithelial and endothelial dystrophy of the cornea;
• chronic inflammatory processes cornea;
• cornea injuries;
• uveta various etiology out of exacerbation;
• diseases of tear paths (out of exacerbation);
• sclerites, episclerites.

The squint is the deviation of one or both of the eyeballs from the central axis. Such an eye condition is an obstacle to the focus of the view on the subject matter under consideration.

It appears in 2-3 years of age when the formation of friendly work of both eyes is becoming. At this age, the squint is most often diagnosed.

The causes of the development of the squint are different. In terms of the development of this disease, injuries and infectious lesions of the brain, provoking paralysis of cranial nerves, can be caused.

Also, parents must be followed by the number of child's visual loads.

But most often the development of the squint occurs due to the fault of extracular muscles. One of the exits from this position is an operation. It is on these muscles and operational interventions are carried out.

Before the surgeon, which makes an operation on eye muscles, is an important task - to achieve the right position of eyeballs and restore binocular vision. But before prompt intervention in the eyes, it is necessary to verify the absence of other diseases that violate the visual function. This will make it possible to better evaluate the operation.

1. Weakening muscle thrust
2. Reinforcing cravings
3. Changing the direction of muscle action.

And now about each of these species will talk more.

The first group includes three types of operational interventions: recession, mioctomy, rear fixing seams.

Recession is an eye operation that gives the ability of the thrust of the muscle, by moving its place attachment closer to the beginning of the muscle. This procedure can be subject to all eye muscles, eliminating the upper oblique.

This operation can be considered in detail on the example of a direct muscle eye. First, the surgeon needs to highlight this muscle, that is, disconnect it from the surrounding tissues.

After that, on the outer quarter, the muscle tendons impose two sinking seams and cut it from the eye sclera. Next, you need to measure the value of the recession and mark it on the scler. After this stage, the muscle culture is laid to this place.

Minectomy is the procedure for cutting off the muscle from the place of its attachment, after which the further attachment is not carried out elsewhere.

The lower oblique muscle is most often subjected to this procedure, since the hyperfunction of this muscle is most often occurred.

On the direct muscles of the eye, this operation is carried out only in case of hypersocracy. This measure eliminates the squint eyes.

Intervention, which is called "rear fixing seams", implies a decrease in the force of the muscle thrust without changing the place of initial attachment. At the same time, the muscle recession is first carried out, and then her abdomen is laid by non-absorbable seams to the sclera a little behind its place of attachment.

And now let's talk about operations that enhance the thrust of the muscular apparatus.

If direct muscles are reduced, then their resection is carried out. This produces its partial excision and stitching the remaining parts. The effectiveness of this operation is proved practically.

Very often doctors resort to creating the folds of the muscle itself or her tendon. At the same time, the muscle itself is shortened, which significantly enhances its reduction. Strengthen traction can also be changed by changing the place of attachment of the muscle. In this case, it can be closer to the library of the eye.

For example, with a paralysis of the outermost muscle, its function is carried out by parts of the upper and lower straight muscles, which are mounted to the edges of the parethous muscle, while carrying out the recession of the innermost muscle.

This type of operation is also carried out on other muscles of the eye.

We want to draw readers' attention to the fact that to eliminate the squint, the operation is not always needed. In many cases, you can use the exercises that recommended Corbet, Bregg and Bates.

Folk remedies and balanced food

Improve vision can be balanced and proper nutrition and affordable folk remedies.

The daily diet should consist of fresh fruits and vegetables, especially green and orange - sorrel, greenery, spinach, salad, carrots, apples, pumpkins, citrus sodes.

Fresh vegetable juices are useful. Such a quick restore vision will help useful berriesLike a blueberry, lingonberry, blackberry, which can be used in finished form or in juices. No less effective is the apricot juice, which is recommended to consume 200 ml before meals.

To properly work the retina, a zinc is required, which is contained in sufficiently quantity in sweet pepper, pumpkin seeds, swarm.

Natural drops will help improve the visual function aquatic solution Propolis and oak leaves. An effective way to correlate vision is a warm decoction of leaves, colors and raspberry stems.

Prepare such a decoction just:

1. 1 tablespoon of the product to brew in 0.5 liters of water and insist 15 minutes.
2. Take three times a day.

Drops and ointments to improve sight

Vitamin Eye Drops is a good tool for preventing age-related changes and other genuine diseases of the organs of vision. The effect of drugs of this group is aimed at improving the structure of the eye.

Drops can be used both for prevention and treatment.

1. Taufon. Basic active substance - Taurine. Drop data are designed to restore regenerative processes in vision bodies. Drops are supplied in individual plastic ampoules. The dosage can be 5 and 10 ml.
2. Crustalin. Different with a combined composition. Stimulates energy, rehabilitation and metabolic processes. The main purpose is prevention of reduction of visual acuity. Also, Krustalin has antimicrobial and antiseptic effect. The tool is produced in a plastic case.
3. Emoxipin. Excellent antioxidant effect. Provides a well-fascinating effect on organs of vision. Increases resistance to the action of free radicals.

There are other types of drops that have a vasoconstrictor effect, antibacterial and antiseptic effect. Mazi to restore vision is used quite rarely.

Most popular and efficient home applying devices

Sidorenko glasses (AMO-01) - the most perfect apparatus for self-use by the patient with various diseases eye. Combines color pulse therapy and vacuum massage. It can be used both in children (from 3 years) and in elderly patients. Go to the device page