1956 was for the USSR with one of the iconic and fateful.
The closed speech of Nikita Khrushchev at the XX Congress of the CPSU in February 1956 with the exposure of the "cult of personality I.V. Stalin" caused shock in the international communist movement and in the Soviet society itself. In fact, the course was taken to the "Defalinization" of the USSR and the sociallyland, which will soon lead to the split of the latter.

In October, the Hungarian uprising began. On October 23, 1956, "Mitings of students for democratic socialism" suddenly rearranged into a well-organized uprising. These excitements led to the fact that the leadership of Hungary decided to change the foreign policy course, to get out of the Warsaw treaty and changed internal political landmarks. But it did not like the Kremlin, who considered Hungary with his satellite. Therefore, on November 4, 1956, Soviet troops entered Hungary.

The next picture says about the drilling of battles on the streets of the Hungarian capital:

According to statistics, in connection with the uprising and combat actions on both parties from October 23 to December 31, 1956, 2652 Hungarian citizen was killed and 19,226 people were injured. The losses of the Soviet Army, according to official data, amounted to 669 people killed, 51 people missing, 1540 were injured.

For modern Hungary, the symbol of those events became "Stalin boots" - the remains of the demolished monument to the Soviet leader:

From the countries of the socialist camp, the excitement in 1956 was also touched by Poland, and again because of the Khrushchev playing in the "Defalinization". Like Hungary, Poland was only a superficially "tieuetized" country, behind the facade of Poland, the same old question of the Prospitas remained - a zealously Catholic peasant country with a strong nationalist spirit:

In Czechoslovakia, it was calm, Prague notes May Day 56 with portraits of communist leaders of different times and peoples:

The development of events in Hungary coincided with the Suez crisis. October 29 Israel, and then the members of NATO United Kingdom and France attacked the Egypt supported by the USSR in order to capture the Suez Canal, next to which they landed their landings. The second Arab-Israeli war began, which in Israeli historiography is called "Cadish Operation". As a result of this war, the Israelis caused a crushing defeat of the Egyptian army for several days and captured the Sinai Peninsula, that is, they took control of the territory, several times higher than Israel's Square.

Head of the General Staff of the Israel Defense Army, Moshe Dan, played a key role in planning the Operation "Kadesh". Here he is in the picture 1956:

However, the military victory soon turned into Israel, England and France diplomatic fiasco. Under the pressure of the international community (it is interesting that at the same time the United States and the USSR made a united front) after a few months they were forced to bring troops from the territory of Egypt.

US President Eisenhower forced the United Kingdom, France and Israel to withdraw their troops from the Suez Canal, after the three states with the United States opposed the President of Egypt. Although Eisenhuer and resolutely rejected the nationalization of the Suez Channel Nasser, he was still deeply angry with the dealership actions of the European powers.

He had a massive economic and monetary pressure on the UK to achieve the end of the conflict and liberation of Egypt. Thus, the fall of European colonial powers was secured, which completely lost the foretrack of the United States.

Suez Canal in the 56th:

President of Egypt Nasser, 1956:

Finally, the Uinston Churchill who went to peace on January 11, 1956 was awarded the medal of Benjamin Franklin. Portrait policy in 1956:

The English Queen Elizabeth II makes a visit to Nigeria, then another British colony, 1956:

Red China in 1956 is experiencing an unprecedented rise: Soviet experts at a naked place create whole industries there: automotive industry, aircraft, tank building, heavy metallurgy.

60 years ago, the USSR did not buy electronics and cars in China, and he himself laid the basics of the heavy industry, passed the latest technologies. Russians taught the Chinese to all that they knew and knew.

Chinese travelers at the plant of heavy machines in Novosibirsk, photos from Friedland, 1956:

Meanwhile, Beijing's place in the UN Security Council takes Taipei. The Americans covered Taiwan with their fleet and turned the island into their "unspecified aircraft carrier."

Military parade in Taipei in 1956:

"Cold War" is ascended, but its essays shake the world.

20/21 May 1956 held the first air explosion of the hydrogen bomb on the Bikini Atoll in the Pacific:

One of the most visible changes in the foreign policy course of Moscow was the restoration of relations with Socialist Yugoslavia, torn in 1948.

An even recently considered the "leader of the fascist clique" Josup Tito was again hospitably met on the Soviet Earth.
Khrushchev and Tito during the visit of the latter in the USSR, 1956:

By 1956, Khrushchev was already the undisputed leader of the USSR, moving Malenkov, but his power had not yet become almost uncontrolled, and balastified the old "Stalin Guard" in the Presidium of the Central Committee.

1956 became the year of new breakthroughs in technological and economic development, the year of great buildings and large ambitious plans for the USSR.

Exactly 60 years ago, the country received a rocket-nuclear shield, thanks to which she continues to be considered a great power today.
R-5M missile complex, adopted on June 21, 1956, became the first domestic missile complex with nuclear combat equipment.

The 56th turned out to be very favorable for the country's agriculture. It was this year that there was a great success on the virgin - the crop was a record.

In 1956, Khrushchev put forward the slogan: "catch up and overtake America", referring to the competition in the production of meat and dairy products. At the meeting, the first secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU was verdict - to switch to quick, wide and widespread sowing corn. Corn crops began in 1957, in 1959 they began to expand greatly: 37 million hectares were assigned to them. Corn actually outstretched traditional grains. The culture was sown even in the northern regions.

By the 1956, oil mining in the USSR increased by about 10 times compared with 1913. At the same time, the development of Siberian fields has not even started, the main mining was in Baku and the Volga region.

Baku oilmen at the picture of the German photographer Pether Schröder, 1956:

Construction of the Novosibirsk HPP in the picture S. Fridland, 1956:

Soviet car industry in the 1956th regular (second after the war) "change of generations". The new models were born and put on the conveyor, which will remain basic to the middle or even until the end of the 1960s.

In April 1956, the production of small-class cars "Moskvich-402" began, quite modern on European standards of that time.
One of these cars has already managed to get into the Frame S. Friedland on one of the central Moscow streets, 1956:

In connection with the end of the "Cold War" (more precisely, its first episode) there was some intensification of cultural ties with the countries of the West. In the USSR, various delegations have gained and the Soviet people have much more opportunities for direct contacts.

British models in the circle of enthusiastic fans. Moscow, 1956:

A little about fashion.

American business suits in San Francisco, 1956:

Ski Fashion 1956:

Beach Fashion:

Travel suit, 1956:

And so suggested dressing fashionable one of the Soviet modes:

The pictures look no worse than them, in my opinion.

Now we will bow in the cultural life of the 56th.

On February 21, 1956, Elvis Presley made his debut on American radiochants with the song "Heartbreak Hotel". Elvis not only sings, but also dancing rock and roll:

The ascending star meets an ambiguous reaction from the American society. A conservative press calls him "an inflated by the Communists to corrupt American youth." In the southern states of obsis, plates Elvis tractors.

Filmography and secular chronicle of 1956.

"Bus stop" with Marilyn Monroe:

Gina Lollobrigid in the film "Cathedral of the Paris Our Lady" 1956:

In 1956, Bridget Bardo won worldwide popularity due to role in the film "And God created a woman":

In 1956, the triumphant return of the healing of Ingrid Bergman in Hollywood, which she left in 1949 due to marriage with Italian director Roberto Rosselini, with the picture "Anastasia" about the girl who was believed that she had to be a daughter Nicholas II. For this work in 1957, Swede received the second statuette "Oscar" and "Golden Globe":

Audrey Hepburn in the form of Natasha Rostova "War and Peace", 1956:

Sophie Lauren visits the Canan Festival in 1956:

Marlene Dietrich in Monte Carlo, 1956:

Wedding Grace Kelly and Prince Rainier, 1956:

Marilyn Monroe? No, this is a British actress Diana Dors, who, by the way, was also a sex symbol of Hollywood. 1956:

In 1956, the Soviet cinema worried a new flourishing.

In the music comedy of Eldar Ryazanov "Carnival night" the star Lyudmish Gurchenko broke out for the first time - the future legend of the Soviet movie:

The film became the leader of the Soviet film distribution in 1956 with a total number of tickets sold in 48.64 million units, and Lyudmila Gurchenko has become an icon of style for millions of Soviet women for many years.

One of the most bold films of the 56th - the drama "Forty-first" Grigory Chukhray about the love of a red snipers and a White Guard officer with a natural tragic final. Oleg Strizhenov and Isolde Alputsky, "Forty First":

At the X International Film Festival in Cannes (1957), this film awarded the premium "For the original scenario, humanism and romance".

In 1956, the film "Spring on Zarechnaya Street" (director Marlene Huziyev) was shot, which became one of the most popular films of the 1950s, gathered in the Soviet film distribution 30.12 million viewers.

Nikolay Rybnikov and Nina Ivanova, Spring on Zarechnaya Street:

The film "Different Fates" about young Leningraditsa is interesting for the mass of household details. In Leningrad 1956, still wooden peers:

The shooting of the "quiet dona" was shown, which will be completed next year:

And the children of several subsequent generations will watch the film "Old Man Hottabych", delivered at the Lenfilm film studio in 1956 by Director Gennady Kazan in the same named fantastic children's story Lazar lazar.

Moscow 1956 in the film "Old Man Hottabych". Wonderful view from the roof of the hotel "Beijing":

It is difficult to believe now, but in 1956 Moscow ended in the south immediately for Moscow State University! In the place of the current endless reinforced concrete jungle, then endless fields lay.

View of the current Michurinsky Prospect from the main building of Moscow State University, photos of J. Dupakier:

Other largest cities of the USSR have changed even more since then. For example, Tashkent.

The main Avenue of Tashkent in 1956 in the picture J. Dupakye:

In 1956, in the USSR, the construction of standard five-story buildings by the industrial method unfolded. The idea was borrowed from France, but the design was reworked, taking into account the specifics of the USSR by the Soviet architect Lagutenko.
Tens of thousands of people began to move from barracks and basements in relatively comfortable at the time of the houses, called subsequently "Khrushchev".

"Novosella", photos from the magazine "Ogonёk", 1956:

Of course, we cannot not take a look, how the inhabitants of the USSR looked 60 years ago, what they dress.

Vacationers from the Sanatorium Voroshilov (Schochi), 1956:

More Sochi in the photo of Petaire Schroeder, 1956:

Simple Soviet people came to look at the country's main square (the author of the picture Frenchman J. Dupakier marked them in signatures as "provincial"):

One of the Moscow streets:

Simple Soviet boys in a picture of the German photographer Petaire Schroeder, 1956:

Kindergarten on a walk in Leningrad, J. Dupakye, 1956:

It is only in the film "Styles" Soviet people of the 1950s dressed in everything gray))

Odessans 1956:

Now few people remember how the Soviet school form looked out 60 years ago. Even those who managed to grow up in the Latest USSR did not find these white collars.

Moscow schoolchildren in the CPKIO. Gorky, J. Dupakier, 1956:

Students in the library of the University of Tomsk, Photo S. Fridland, 1956:

In the Bolshoi Theater, 1956:

Praying Muslims in the center of Tashchta in the picture J. Dupakye, 1956:

Now Okison is a ragless life of the cities in 1956.

After 11 years after the war, Berlin still lies in the ruins:

Soviet "victories" on the streets of Helsinki in 1956:

Atmospheric Paris Traffic 1956:

In Barcelona, \u200b\u200bthe 56th traveled such two-story trolleybuses:

Two-storey trams go to Glasgow:

In Istanbul 1956, before the start of the era of bridges and tunnels, the boatmen were one of the main urban visits:

Avenida Juarez in Mexico City, Almost Broadway, 1956:

In the south of the United States still reigned racial segregation.
Private entrance for "Color" in a department store of the city of Mobile, Alabama, 1956

The exemplary American family of the mid-1950s does not listen to rock and roll, and goes to church.

A supporter of racial segregation tobacco plantator Marshall Joyner and his family bowed heads in prayer before lunch, Greenville, North Carolina, July 1956:

Saigon 1956:

Bangkok has already entered the era of prosperity, but to Heilyev and skyscrapers in 1956 there was still like to the moon, and the cars (then completely imported) shared narrow streets with bicycles:

Taipei in 1956 was still quite archaic:

In Shanghai, 1956 passenger cars almost disappeared, but there are still many boats:

60 years ago, in Greece, it was possible to shoot the 19th century without scenery:

In the United States reached the climax of the Epoch of "Car Baroque", the cars were not just large, but luxurious, glorified by the abundance of chrome details and bizarrefying lines. At the same time, the model range seemed simply endless: 40 car brands were exposed every year for several new models.
Mandatory attributes of the Avators were panoramic windows and "fins" on the rear wings.

"Finns" on the rear wings imitated rocket wings-stabilizers, some company rocket fashion came even further.

And on the other side of the ocean, manufacturers competed, who will make the car more compact.

FIAT MULTIPLA TAXI, 1956:

The design of European cars was not a rocket, but just rounded-puzzy. And they stood on the conveyor not a year or two, as in the states, and at times longer.

Renault Dauphine was produced from 1956 to 1968 (photo 1956):

The personnel of American cars contrasted with the conciseness of the new architectural design.

Sunrise Shopping Center in Florida, 1956:

Shopping center in Edine, Minnesota, 1956:

By the mid-50s belongs to the American experiment with an analogue of our crushes.

Social neighborhood "Pruitt-Ayigu", St. Louis, Missouri, USA. Officially opened in 1956:

An American experiment with "social microdistricts", as you know, completely failed. They quickly turned into a ghetto.

Civil aviation is rapidly developing in the world. The first models of reactive liners have already appeared, but in the sky while dominant screw machines like the famous Constellation (1956):

Stewardess on board the aircraft of BOAC, Britannia, 1956:

The USSR also rushed up. Very soon, the first artificial satellite of the Earth will fly into space. In the meantime, for Soviet people, the 56th "space" technologies had reactive civil aviation.

On September 15, 1956, the Tu-104 jet liner made the first regular flight on the route Moscow-Omsk Irkutsk:

Slender Tu-104 beauties were a huge technological jerk compared to the Soviet screw airparks of those years. Then still all over the USSR flew on the "old men" of Li-2 pre-war development and post-war IL-14.
Airplane IL-14 at Vilnius Airport in the picture J. Dupakier, 1956:

In Australian Melbourne from November 22 to December 8, 1956, the XVI Summer Olympic Games were held:

During competitions in sports gymnastics, in one hour 11 times the Soviet flag was raised and the Soviet anthem sounded. The USSR athletes took 11 gold, 6 silver and 5 bronze medals, becoming absolute world champions.

Olympic champion in sports gymnastics Larisa Latynina, Melbourne, 1956:

Women's national team of the USSR in sports gymnastics, Melbourne, 1956:

Sports in the USSR paid great attention.

The parade of athletes during the opening ceremony:

1956 was marked by many events left a noticeable trace in the history of Soviet Fine Arts. Contents 1 Events 2 Born 3 Died ... Wikipedia

1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 See also: Other events in 1956 ... Wikipedia

1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 Portal: Railway Transport See also: Other events In 1956, the history of the Metro in 1956 ... Wikipedia

1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 Portal: Theater See also: Other events in 1956 Events in music and events in the cinema Content ... Wikipedia

1954 - 1955 1956 1957 - 1958 See also: Other events In 1956 in 1956 there were various scientific and technological events, some of which are presented below. Contents 1 Events ... Wikipedia

1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 See also: Other events In 1956, the history of railway transport In 1956, the history of public transport In 1956, this article lists the main events from the history of the Metropolitan ... Wikipedia

1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 See also: other events in 1956 Other events in the history of the metro Other railway transport events This article lists the main events from public history ... Wikipedia

Contents 1 Favorites Movie 1.1 World Cinema 1.2 Soviet Cinema ... Wikipedia

Years in the literature of the XX century. 1956 in the literature. 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 ← X century 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 ... Wikipedia

Years in aviation XIX century ... Wikipedia

Books

• Journal "Hunting and Hunting Economy". Semi-annual stitching for 1956 (numbers 7 - 12) ,. Magazine "Hunting and Hunting Economy" - the oldest domestic periodical edition of the hunt, the flagship of the Hunting Periodicals of Russia, the record holder is a long-liver of the middle, ever ...
• Year in the forest, Sokolov-Mikitov Ivan Sergeevich. No one will leave indifferent modest Russian forest. Even in the frosty winter days, life does not calm down here: they fell into the snow tetherov, they roam the flocks of wolves in the detachable paths ... joyful ...

If you were born in 1956, you will never learn how many children in our country simultaneously appeared on the light. And also, how many marriages and divorces this year happened in the Soviet Union and how many residents of the Great Country moved to the world of others. We will not learn how many citizens at all were the happy owners of the siplast and the pomotic Soviet passport (with the cover not red, and dark green). Therefore, you will not recognize that there are no statistics in the USSR yet. The population census was carried out in 39th, and the next will be only in the 59th. But if there were no events of the 56th, it would never take place.
The year 1956 is a turning point, its beginning and the end - like different epochs. After the death of Stalin, quite a bit of time passed, but mass sorrow on the "leader of peoples" and the question in the eyes "How to live on?" Stayed in the past, we live and live! Between the winter and the spring of this year - the frontier: the XX Congress, extinguished, the collapsed society. Spring 1956 - the beginning of the legendary Khrushchev "thaw". But until spring still needs to get.

— Chukcch gave an apartment on the 9th floor. - Like? - Ask him some time later. - Feet hurt, walking high to the ninth. - But after all, the elevator e ... Chukcch gave an apartment on the 9th floor. - Like? - Ask him some time later. - Feet hurt, walking high to the ninth. - But there is a lift. - Yes, there is, but it says that it is designed for 4 people. Long wait for still three. A type: Sadistic poems

— In the Voronezh region there is a camp "Golden Colos". This is a children's camp. Previously, there was a castle on the spot of this camp. A rich barin lived there. U ... In the Voronezh region there is a camp "Golden Colos". This is a children's camp. Previously, there was a castle on the spot of this camp. A rich barin lived there. He had a servant Belin. Once he ordered her to wash his white shirt. Belina was postponed her, but when he hated dried, accidentally dropped his shirt. Barin was terribly angry, he cut off Belin's head and buried her under the tree. On the tree he piled the cross. (Last year I was in the camp - the cross really exists, under the tree Kholmik). After that, Belin became completely white - hair, body, all. Now at night she walks around the camp and if he sees unquesting in a white shirt after midnight - she will strangle him ...

In 1956, an uprising against the communist regime took place in Hungary, which in the USSR was called a "counter-revolutionary insurgency". At that time, in power in Hungary stood Mantha Rakoshi, the big fan of Stalin and the amateur to pursue people for any dissent and send them to the camps. His Draconian policy was very unpopular among the Hungarians (but in general, the Soviet authorities satisfied). Therefore, an attempt to overthrow him turned around the intervention of Soviet troops and the bloody suppression of the insurgency. Among the Hungarians, 2652 rebels, 348 civilians were killed and 19,226 people were injured.

I found good material for you about how it was. Under the knife only official documents and archival photos.

Information of the USSR Ministry of Defense in the CPSU Central Committee on the situation in Hungary as of 12.00 on November 4, 1956

Special folder. Owls. Secret. Ex. No. 1.

At 6 o'clock 15 minutes November 4th. G. Soviet troops have begun to conduct an operation to guide the order and restoration of the people's democratic power in Hungary.

Acting on a planned plan in advance, our parts mastered the main support points of the reaction in the province, which Gyor, Miskolc, Dieley, Debrecen, as well as other regional centers of Hungary.

During the operation, the most important nodes of communication are occupied by the Soviet troops, including a powerful broadcast radio station in the city of Solnok, ammunition warehouses and weapons and other important military facilities.
Soviet troops operating in Budapest, leaving the resistance of the rebels, occupied the buildings of the Parliament, the CPP, and the radio station in the Parliament area.

Captured three bridges through r. Danube, binding the eastern and western part of the city, and arsenal with weapons and ammunition. The whole of the counter-revolutionary government Imre Nadia disappeared. Walking are underway.

In Budapest, one major focus of rebel resistance in the Corvin cinema district (southeastern city) remained. The rebels defending this support point was presented with ultimatum about the surrender, in connection with the refusal of the rebel to surrender, the troops began to be assigned.

The main garrisons of the Hungarian troops are blocked. Many of them folded the weapons without serious resistance. Our troops are given an indication to return to the command of the Hungarian officers filmed by the rebels, and officers appointed instead of removed, arrest.

In order to prevent penetration into Hungary by the enemy agents and flights of the leaders of rebels from Hungary, Hungarian airfields are busy and firmly blocked all roads on the Austro-Hungarian border. Forces, continuing to perform the tasks, purify from the rebels the territory of Hungary.

Apr. F. 3. OP. 64. D. 485.

Information of the USSR Ministry of Defense in the CPSU Central Committee on the situation in Hungary as of 9.00 on November 7, 1956

The Soviet troops over the night for November 7 continued actions to eliminate small groups of rebels in Budapest. In the western part of the city, our troops led battles to destroy the focus of resistance in the area of \u200b\u200bthe former Palace of Hortie.

During the night, rearrangement of rebel forces in Budapest was noted. Small groups tried to leave the city in the western direction. At the same time, a large focus of resistance was revealed in the area of \u200b\u200bthe city theater, the park in the east of this theater and in the quarters adjacent to them.

On the territory of Hungary at night it was calm. Our troops conducted events to identify and disarmament of groups of rebels and individual Hungarian units.

The Government of the Hungarian People's Republic left the Solnok and at 6 o'clock 10 minutes November 7 arrived in Budapest. The troops continue to perform the tasks.

Mark: "Tov. Khrushchev acquainted. Archive. 9.xi.56. Doluda"

UP RF. F. 3. OP. 64. D. 486.

Information of the USSR Ministry of Defense in the CPSU Central Committee on the situation in Hungary as of 9.00 on November 9, 1956

Special folder owls. Secret. Ex. No. 1.

During November 8, our troops were injected into order in Budapest, fused the forests in certain parts of the country, they caught and disarmed the scattered minor groups of rebels, and also produced arms withdrawal from the local population.

In Budapest, District Military Commands were created. A normal life is gradually being established in the country, a number of enterprises, urban transport, hospitals and schools have begun. Local authorities deploy their activities.

According to preliminary data, the loss of Soviet troops for the period of hostilities in Hungary from October 24 to November 6 p. G. are killed 377 people, wounded - 881 people. Including 37 and wounded 74 officers.

Our troops disarmed about 35,000 Hungarians. Captured during the battles and was taken under protection as a result of disarmament a large number of weapons, military equipment and ammunition, which continues.

Mark: "Tov. Khrushchev acquainted. Archive. 10.IX.56. Doluda"

UP RF. F. 3. OP. 64. D. 486. L. 43.

Information of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR in the CPSU Central Committee on the situation in Hungary as of 9.00 on November 10, 1956

Special folder owls. Secret. Ex. No. 1.

During November 9, our troops continued to eliminate small groups of rebels, disarmed former military personnel of the Hungarian army, and also produced weapons from the local population.

Stubborn resistance The rebel group provided in the suburb of Budapest - on the northern outskirts of the island of Chepel. In this area, three of our tank were buried and burned.

The political situation in the country continues to improve. However, in some places, hostile elements are still trying to impede the guidance of the order and normalization of life in the country.

A position in Budapest continues to be difficult, where the population lacks food and fuel. The Government of Janos Cadar together with the command of Soviet troops take measures to ensure the population of Budapest food.

Mark: "Tov. Khrushchev reported. Archive. 10.xi.56. Doluda"

UP RF. F. 3. OP. 64. D. 486. L. 96.

Telephone program I.A. Serov from Budapest N.S. Khrushchev on operational work conducted by the Soviet and Hungarian states security bodies

Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSS Tov. Khrushchev N.S.

Yesterday, the Minister of Public Security T. Munni sent an order to regional organizations, which indicated that in places, contrary to the prohibition of the government, state security bodies are created. Therefore, he orders all employees of state security bodies to stop working on the formation of organs and go home.

Considering that the special division departments all the work on the removal of counter-revolutionary rebels are conducted through the Hungarian officers of the state security bodies that appeared after the class of cities in the units of the Soviet Army, today talked with t. Munnichy and asked how he further means to work on identifying and arresting the counter-revolutionary element After such an order.

Tov. Munni answered me that he published the directive on the basis of the instructions of the government as it was provided for by the Government Declaration.

After some time in the office to T. Munning came. Cadar, who said he would like to talk with me too. During the conversation, t. Cadar stopped on the following issues:

1. He had representatives of some areas, in particular the areas of Salnes, who told Cadar that the officers of the Soviet Army are arrested a lot and along with the arrest of the counter-revolutionary element are also arrested by ordinary participants in the rebel movement.

He believes that this should not be done, as the people who participated in the rebel movement are very afraid of revenge on the part of the government, while in the government's declaration, it was said that those who would fold the weapons and stop resistance would not be punished. The Hungarian government should not revenge and show cruelty against such persons.

The representative of the region of Salnes said T. Kadaru that when 40 people were arrested in the area, representatives came from the workers and said that they would not start working until they would be exhausted arrested. In the other areas there were rumors that 6 thousand people were arrested in Salnes.

Tov. Cadar pointed out that the reactionaries were arrested by the former state security officers, whom the government dissolved. We are unprofitable before the people that employees of state security bodies in Hungary are involved in arrests. You must consider that we have the mood of the masses is of great importance. Soviet comrades and our state security officers arrests can cause outrage of the masses.

I said that state security officers in Hungary are currently positive in the seizure of counter-revolutionary rebels. A few days later, when persons who are dangerous for the current government will be isolated, then these employees should be moved to another job. Tov. Cadar and so on Munnich agreed with this.

I explained T. Kadar that the special departments of divisions are given an indication of arresting all the organizers of the rebellion, persons who have resisted parts of the Soviet Army with weapons in their hands, as well as citizens who raised and inflamed the hate of the people (during the Government of Nadia) to the Communists and employees of the authorities State security, with the result that some of them are shot, hanged and burned.

As for the ordinary participants of the uprising, they are not arrested. Tov. Cadar, etc. Munni agreed that this indication is correct.

Next, I added that it is possible that individuals who do not belong to the listed categories can be arrested. Therefore, all the arrested thoroughly filtered and those of them who did not play the active role in the mouseshide are released.

Considering the liberal attitude, manifested by senior workers of Hungary to enemies, I have given an indication of the special departments of all the arrested faster to send from areas and cities to the CHOP station, as well as clarified the issues of the organization of the political waste in the regions.

2. Further, t. Cadar said that in the Ministry of Internal Affairs (Gore. Budapest), where a large number of state security officers are concentrated, an unhealthy environment has been created, since among employees there are persons who worked in the organs during Rakoshi and played a negative role.

Therefore, he believes that these employees must be removed immediately and arrange to another job. In addition, he considers it appropriate to disband the management of security, as it is dishonest people.

I suggested that T. Munny faster issued an order, as we agreed about the organization of the People's Police and staffed it the most devoted honest employees, and also issued a "political department" (State Security Department), which could start work. Then this question will be removed.

At the same time, we agreed with t. Munnich, that the center of the center there will be no more than 20-25 people of the vocabulary, and the rest of the staff will pass through the unlawful state.

The political waste will be: external exploration, counterintelligence, secret-political service, consequence and special operational equipment service. Tov. Munny said that he will sign such an order tomorrow. On the number of arms arrested by regions and withdrawn a separate note.

UP RF. F. 3. OP. 64. D. 487. L. 78-80.

Telephone program I.A. Serov and Yu.V. Andropova from Budapest to the Central Committee of the CPSU on sending arrested Hungarians to the territory of the USSR

Today, the comrades of Cadar and Munnich (each individually) were repeatedly called for us, which were reported that the Soviet military authorities were sent to the Soviet Union (to Siberia) Echelon Hungarian youth, who took part in the armed rebellion.

Cadar and Munnich stated in this regard, that they do not approve such actions on our part, since these actions caused an allegedly universal strike of the Hungarian railway workers and worsened a domestic political situation in the country as a whole.

Tonight Budapest radio them. Koshta converted a tendentious message about the export of Hungarian youth to Siberia. Tov. Munni requested that the command of Soviet troops made an official statement in printing that it did not export anyone and will not be taken out of Hungary in the USSR. From our part, T. Munning was said that we would find out this question and tomorrow I will inform him the answer.

In fact, today, on November 14, he was sent to a small echelon chop station with arrested, investigative cases on which were decorated in both active participants and organizers of armed rebellion. Echelon proceeded the border.

When moving the echelon, the prisoners at two stations were thrown into the notes in the window, which reported that they were sent to Siberia. These notes were chosen by Hungarian railway workers who reported this to the government. According to our line, it is given an indication of the foremost arrested to send on closed cars under reinforced convoy.

Tomorrow at a meeting with T. Munnich T. Serov means to tell him that due to the lack of in Hungary, a prisoner prepared for the content of prisoners, where it would be possible to carry out an objective investigation, we had in mind a small group of arrested deposit, nearby Soviet-Hungarian border. Comrades of Suslov and Aristov informed about it.

Andropov

UP RF. F. 3. OP. 64. D. 486. L. 143-144.

reference

According to statistics, in connection with the uprising and combat actions from October 23 to December 31, 1956, 2652 Hungarian rebels, 348 civilians were killed, and 19,226 people were injured.

The losses of the Soviet Army, according to official data, amounted to 669 people killed, 51 missing and 1251 wounded.

The losses of the Hungarian People's Army amounted to the official data of 53 killed, and 289 wounded servicemen.

The total number of lost combat equipment is unknown.

2nd guv. MD, the first joined rising Budapest, October 24, 1956 lost 4 tanks.
The 33rd MD during the operation "whirlwind" lost 14 tanks and sau, 9 armored vehicles, 13 guns, 4 RSW, 6 anti-aircraft guns and other techniques, as well as 111 servicemen.

According to the statements of the Hungarian communist sources, after the elimination of armed groups in the hands of the MAVD and police bodies, a large number of weapons of Western production fell: German assault rifles of MP-44 and American bear-gun pistols "Thompson".

Budapest suffered as a result of street battles between the Soviet troops and the rebels, 4,000 houses were completely destroyed in the city and 40,000 more were damaged.