Hydgodina - Beach of our civilization. We move little, clogging in your comfort zone, and reap relevant fruits - digestive and respiratory disorders, cardiovascular problems, obesity. Low physical activity is the main reason for venous stagnation, which will be discussed in the submitted article.

Venous stagnation - what is it?

Venetic stagnation is a pathological process that has been manifested in a difficult outflow of venous blood in a normal arterial inflow. Stagnation is provoked by the low elasticity of vascular walls and increased blood viscosity. At first, the tone is lost, after which the blood flow is difficult. The extensive accumulation of venous vessels determines the localization of pathology.

The following areas of lesion are known medicine:

• legs (small pelvis);
• lungs;
• brain;
• kidney;
• neck (with osteochondrosis).

Causes of occurrence

The functioning of arterial vessels depends on heart abbreviations - they give blood impulse. Stimulation and normal pressure ensure reductions of the calf and abdominal muscles, the impact on the arch of the foot and the sole.

There is a second important factor - breathing. Venous vessels are arranged in such a way that the valves of the inner walls push the blood exclusively in the direction of the heart.

If a skeletal musculature is not fully involved, the "muscular pump" works badly without coping with the task assigned to it.

Where is the pathology observed more often?

Pathology is observed primarily in places highest concentration venous vessels. Consider as an example stagnation affected the system of a small circle of blood circulation.

The reasons for its appearance may be several:

• left-deceiving deficiency (this occurs after arterial coronary sclerosis, bullet injury, heart attack);
• aortic vice (sclerosis of semi-lunut valves);
• mitral damage (occurs during sclerosis,).

With damage to a large circle of blood circulation, light can be affected by diffuse sclerotic changes. The disease can manifest itself in the form of abdominal edema and pleural cavity, liver, pericardium and hyperpericard.

Brain

The venous stagnation in the head is secondary in nature, this is a consequence of extra charge or intracranial pathology.

Ways to diagnose the disease:

• x-ray of skull;
• phlebography;
• pressure measurement (produced in the area of \u200b\u200bthe elbow vein).

Symptoms of light pathology are as follows:

• low diaphragm mobility;
• hard breath;
• systematic shortness of breath;
• hardwood viscous sputum with blood streaks;
• whistling wheels (are observed in the back of the lower region of the lungs);
• mitral / aortic heartfall;
• pastosity of the heads;
• liver roundness, increase its size, palpation soreness;

How to cure a light venous stagnation?

The following methods are practiced:

1. Surgical intervention (valve prosthetics, holvulotomy).
2. Therapy aimed at normalization of heart failure.
3. Assignment of a group of disability - with permanent pulmonary.

Kidney

Chronic venous stagnation in the kidneys leads to an increase in the size of this organ, its cyanoticity and sealing. Blood circulation is broken (changes affect big circle), spasm of renal arterioles, glomeric filtering becomes limited. The kidneys are worse excreted water with sodium, and the plasma content increases in the adjacent fabric fluid, which worsens the tissue exchange and blood circulation in general.

Expansion of renal veins and stagnant anemia lead to the edema of the stroma and the development of lymphostasis. Toppers are full and slightly increased, the intercellular spaces are expanded.

Pathology may entail a number of complications:

• stone formation;
• pyelonephritis;
• general inflammation;
• growth of blood pressure.

Infectious complications need to be warned, and reduce pain syndrome. Therefore, doctors prescribe painkillers and antibacterial agents. To restore normal blood flow, surgical intervention will be required.

Methods are as follows:

• percutaneous nephrostia;
• catheterization bladder;
• open operation;
• endoscopy.

Cervical osteochondrosis and venous stagnation

Venous stagnation can develop against the background of the cervical osteochondrosis.

In general, the causes of pathology are as follows:

• bone fracture;
• card and brain injuries;
• transferred strokes;
• internal hematomas;
• formation of tumors (cervical);
• burning veins;
• injuries of chest and abdomen;
• stream defeats.
• vertebrate disks;
• cervical osteochondrosis.

The problems with the spine always cause large-scale systemic violations - the functioning of many bodies is subject to the question. Protrusion invariably leads to impaired blood flow, and then to venous stagnation.

The neck osteochondrosis provokes the compression of nervous formations and blood vessels - most often it affects the vertebral artery running in the spinal channel. The hernia of the cervical segment leads to damage to the membrane and the subsequent edema. After that, venous stagnation begins, the apotheosis of everything is inflammation of the spine.

The compression of the vertebral artery has an extremely unpleasant consequence - slowing down blood flow to the brain barrel and cerebellum. If you do not do the timely treatment of osteochondrosis, it can end chronic ischemia and spinal stroke.

Recommendation Finally: with any forms of venous stagnation, it is necessary to immediately consult a doctor and proceed to treatment depending on the localization of pathology. Also worth consider your diet and get rid of bad habits.

Venenous stagnation in a small circle of circulation (ICC), alveolar and interstitial pulmonary edema are due, as a rule, cardiogenic disorders. The cause of myocardial dysfunction may be a decrease in its contractile ability in arrhythmias, coronary heart disease, heart attack, as well as on myocardits and cardiomyopathy. The violation of the myocardial function can also be due to the overload of the heart chambers or the obstacle blood flow due to the damage to the valves in infectious endocarditis, vices, etc.

In the event of myocardial dysfunction, blood flow in a small circulation circle is disturbed, which makes it difficult for blood outflow from the lungs, pulmonary veins are overwhelmed with blood, as a result, hydrostatic pressure increases in the capillary bed of a small circle of blood circulation. Transsudat (Empty fluid) from the capillaries comes first in connecting stroma(interstitial tissue) of the lungs, and then into the alveolar space.

Violations of pulmonary circulation are divided into the following types:

• Venous stagnation in a small circle circle (also called it "Venous" pulmonary hypertension)
• Pulmonary hypertension (or "Arterial" pulmonary hypertension)

The initial manifestation of a heartfelt violation, in which pulmonary veins are overwhelmed with blood. The radiographic signs of venous stagnation in the ICC are characterized by diffuse bilateral changes in the pulmonary pattern as an amplification of the vascular component. At the same time on the radiograph notes redistribution of blood flow in favor of the upper lobes. It should be noted that in the normal state the diameter of the vessels of the upper lungs of the lungs is less than the vessels of the lower fractions, that is, a larger amount of blood flows through the basal lungs (this is due to the action of the gravity force). This ratio of the diameters of the lung veses (in the upper departments is less than in the lower) is characteristic of X-ray pictures made in the standing position; If the radiograph is performed in the lying position, the diameter of the vessels of the lower and upper pieces of the lung is approximately the same.

With a venous, the wagging of the ICR is the redistribution of blood flow in such a way that the caliber of the vessels of the upper and lower fractions is first becoming the same, then the diameter of the upper fractions increases - becomes greater than the diameter of the extension vessels of the lower dollars (see Figure 1).

Figure 1. Venetic stagnation in a small circulation circle (ICC). BUT B. - an enlarged X-ray fragment A (roasting zone of right light). There is an increase in the vascular component of the pulmonary pattern, the redistribution of blood flow in favor of the upper pieces of the lungs (the diameter of the vessels in the upper fractions is greater than in the lower). Also determined the expansion of the shadow of the heart

In the upper pieces of the lungs in the roasting departments, extensions and branches of the upper pulmonary veins are noted - symptom "Olenih Rogov". As the pathology progressing, the extended veins are determined in the lower parts of the pulmonary fields (the shades of pulmonary veins with horizontal or oblique (diagonal) are larger visualized. Note that veins in the lower parts of the pulmonary fields have a greater horizontal course than the arteries. There is a decrease in the structure of the roots due to the large number of extended venous vessels, including those detectable in orthopration.

Pulmonary edema

Pulmonary edema -heavy manifestation of violations of myocardial function arising from the decompensation of the pathology of the heart or acute states (severe arrhythmia, myocardial infarction).

The development of pulmonary edema is divided into two main stages:

• There is due to the accumulation of edema fluid in the interdolesale pleura and interstitial tissue of the lungs (interdolkovoy and interlimalolar partitions, peribronkhovascular spaces)
• develops in progression of pathology, when the edema fluid fills the Alveola

Clinical manifestations of pulmonary edema are characterized by severe shortness of breath, coughing, choking; In the process of breathing, an auxiliary musculature is involved; With auscultation in the lungs, dry wheels are listened, and in the case of the development of Alveolar edema - wet wives.

The radiograph is characterized by the appearance of the above-described signs of venous stagnation in a small circulation circle, as well as the following features:

• which arise as a result of thickening and edema of interdollastic partitions (Figure 2), sometimes cerley type A lines (Figure 4) can be determined.
• Fuzzy contours of vessels and bronchi, thickening of the walls of the bronchidue to swelling peribronkhovascular connective tissue (Couplings are formed around vessels and bronchi)
• Reticular shadow(multiple, fuzzy) due to the deformation of the pattern due to the edema of interdollastic partitions (Figure 3) (these changes are similar to Lines of Kerly type C
• Reducing the structure of roots (The contours of the lung root become fuzzy; individual elements of the root of the lung - bronchi and pulmonary artery - poorly vary)
• Expansion of the roots of the lungs,eXTENDED PACKING TOOL
• General intensive decrease in the transparency of pulmonary fieldsdue to the edema of intereveolar partitions. Such a radiological picture resembles infiltration by type "matte glass" (Figure 5)
• Thickening of interdelic pleura (Figure 4) In most cases, it is determined on both sides; At the same time, on the radiograph made in the lateral projection, you can see the thickened oblique interdobal pleura of both lungs
• High location of diaphragm domesdue to a decrease in residual lung volume
• Fucetitude contours of the diaphragm and heart

Figure 2. Lines of Kerley type in: Fragment of radiographs of the right pulmonary field in direct projection. Lines of Kerly type B (cm arrows) are determined in a typical place - above the rib-diaphragmal sine

Figure 3. Interstitial swelling of the lung : contours of vessels fuzzy, the structure of the roots of the lung is poorly determined. On both sides, there is an increase in the interstitial component of the pulmonary pattern by the formation of multiple fuzzy reticular (mesh) shadows (due to the edema of interdollastic partitions). The picture also shows the signs of venous stagnation in a small circle of blood circulation - the strengthening of the vascular pattern in the lungs, the redistribution of blood flow in favor of the upper fractions, the diameter of the vessels in the lower dollars is less than in the upper (cm arrows)

In heart failure, one-sided or double-sided pleural effusion may occur (Figure 4).

Figure 4. Interstitial pulmonary swelling. BUT - X-ray pattern in direct projection: the fuzzy contours of the vessels, the expansion and loss of the structures of the lungs of the lungs are determined, the cerly lines of the type A (see the arrows) are determined in the root departments. B. - X-ray diffraction pattern in the right side projection: there is a thickening of the interdelic pleura (cm arrows). On both sides in the pleural cavities, the contents are determined (mainly on the right); On the right against the background of such a picture, it is difficult to exclude infiltration in the lower share of the lung. B, G. - X-ray diffraction pattern of the same patient after 7 days of therapy, made in a straight and lateral projection: in the pictures there is a pronounced positive dynamics

Note that the term "interstitial swelling" does not often use in domestic practice - as a rule, the term of the intersectional edema of the lungs is used "Pronounced venous stagnation in a small circle circulation" or "Threat of edema of the lungs"Thereby implying alveolar edema under the swelling of the lungs.

Due to the filling of alveoli transudate (edema fluid). The X-ray pattern of alveolar pulmonary edema is characterized by the appearance of dimming with fuzzy contours, the dimensions of which can vary from focal to extending to a significant part of the lung. Note that the localization of such darkens does not correspond to the shares and segments of the lungs. The transudate is capable of moving along the pulmonary tissue by overcoming the interlimoolar partitions. The localization of the echo fluid is often determined by the force of gravity and may vary depending on the position of the patient's body. As a rule, with the alveolar edema of light dimming on the radiographs, they are noted in S 2, 6, 9, 10 on both sides; The image made in a direct projection, such a location corresponds to the proportion of nadiaphragmal and the root departments of the pulmonary fields. Typical X-ray pattern of alveolar edema of the lungs - "butterfly wings" (The shadows of the roots on both sides are poured with dimming in the lungs; see Figure 6).

Figure 6. Alveolar pulmonary edema: X-ray pattern "Butterfly wings"

When conducting a differential diagnosis of lung edema, it is necessary to take into account the fact that changes in the lungs are usually arising from both sides, and the rapid dynamics of the development of pathology (within a few hours) is noted under the condition of appropriate treatment (Figure 7).

Figure 7. Alveolar pulmonary edema. A, B. - radiographs of one patient, made at intervals in a few hours: the pictures are noted a quick positive dynamics of alveolar edema during the relevant therapy

One-sided swelling of light Also possible. This development is likely if the patient lies mostly on one side. In addition, the development of edema is preferably in one easy to be due to a pronounced emphysee (in areas of the lung with destroyed alveoli, edema is not formed), or thromboembolism pulmonary artery (In this case, there is a violation of blood flow distal than the place of occlusion, as a result of which the development of edema is stopped).

Sometimes the cause of the development of edema of the lungs can be negrotogenic reasons, for example, during crank-brain injury, stroke (during crank-brain injury and stroke impairment of nervous regulation are the cause of increasing capillaries permeability), with non-heygogenic hyperhydration, renal failure (nephrogogenic pulmonary swelling). In these cases at edema uncharacternelines of Kerly type in and manifestations of venous stagnation in a small circle circle.

Increased pressure in the pulmonary artery caused by the pathology of the cardiovascular system or lung diseases (for example, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) It is accompanied by emphysens with a violation of the structure of the lungs, a significant decrease in the amount of alveoli, due to their destruction, the formation of bulb, fibrosis, a decrease in the surface area for gas exchange in the lungs (see an article). As a result, the reflex spasm of small arteries arises, with the further development of the connective tissue in their walls, which leads to obliteration (closure, infection) of the lumen of blood vessels.

The x-ray pattern at pulmonary hypertension is characterized by the expansion of the main and roasting pulmonary arteries (see an article). Closer to the periphery of the lungs, the caliber of vessels decreases sharply - the so-called is noted "Caliber leap" pulmonary arteries. Due to the expansion of the left and right pulmonary arteries of the lung roots expands (Figure 8, 9), while the root structure is preserved, the outdoor contours are clear and even (unlike the "bug," polycyclic roots during lymphadenopathy, and non-structural roots with a grind in small circle circle). Because of the "surcharge of the caliber" of the pulmonary arteries of the roots of the lungs look "chopped". Often it is often determined by the "swelling" of the arc of the pulmonary trunk along the left head contour (see Figure 10).

Figure 8. Pulmonary hypertension in heart pathology. BUT - radiograph in direct projection: the picture shows the expansion of the left and right pulmonary arteries with a smooth, clear contour, and the expansion of the roasting arteries. There is also a significant expansion of the heart shadow. B. - X-ray in the right side projection: the shadows of the aortic prostheses are determined (cm arrow) and mitral (see pointer) valves

Figure 9. Pronounced pulmonary hypertension with a long-term defect of myocardial interprisened partition: There is a significant expansion of the lung roots due to pulmonary arteries

As a method for diagnosing pulmonary hypertension on radiological features measurement of the downward branch of the right pulmonary artery. On the radiograph made in direct projection, this measurement is carried out at the level of intermediate bronchi, which is determined in the body of the right root in the form of a strip of enlightenment by the pulmonary artery (Figure 10). If the extension of the downward branch of the right pulmonary artery is greater than 20 mm, this is a sign of pulmonary hypertension. Normally, the width of the downward branch of the right pulmonary artery does not exceed 16 mm, in men - no more than 18 mm.

Figure 10. Pulmonary hypertension : The picture shows the emission of an arc of the pulmonary trunk along the left heart circuit (see pointer). On the right arrows indicated the width of the downward pulmonary artery

To diagnose pulmonary hypertension on radiological features, they should be focused on other signs - "swelling" of the arc of the pulmonary trunk on the left side of the heart, the "leap of the caliber" of the pulmonary arteries. Reliable diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension is carried out at ultrasound exam (Ultrasound) Hearts.

IMPORTANT!!! In the pathologies of the heart, signs of stagnation in a small circulation of blood circulation can be combined with signs of pulmonary hypertension. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with emphysens in the radiological picture, pulmonary hypertension often prevails. Also, the signs of pulmonary hypertension can be determined by pulmonary artery thromboembolism

The expansion of the pulmonary artery in rare cases may be due to its aneurysm (Figure 11).

Figure 11. Aneurysmatic expansion of the pulmonary trunk, left and right pulmonary artery. BUT - radiograph in direct projection; B. - Radiograph in the right side projection. The picture determines a significant emission of the arc of the pulmonary trunk along the left side of the heart and the expansion of the lung roots due to the pulmonary arteries

In the pathologies of the heart on the radiograph, an increase in the size of the shadow of the heart can be determined, but this feature is not always found. A significant increase in the heart shadow with the smoothing of the souls and the absence of the "waist" of the heart, a decrease in the shadow of the vascular beam (the shadow becomes shorter) can be a sign hydropericard (Figure 12, 13). In the case of suspicion of hydropericard, the patient needs to conduct an ultrasound of the heart in order to reliably determine the presence of fluid in the pericardial cavity and timely diagnosis tamponads of the heart (life-threshing state).

Figure 12. Hydropericard with a significant amount of effusion in the pericardial cavity

Figure 13. Hydropericard. A, b - radiographs, of the same patient made with a 7-day interval: the rapid increase in the size of the heart shadow, due to the accumulation of traffic in the pericardial cavity in the infectious pericardius

In heart failure, patients often develop pneumonia. In such cases, infiltration occurs on the signs of venous stagnation in a small circulation of blood circulation (see Figure 14). These changes need to be differentiated with signs of alveolar pulmonary edema (pulmonary edema in most cases of bilateral; clinical and laboratory indicators are also important in diagnostics).

Figure 14. Pneumonia against the background of venous stagnation in a small circle of blood circulation in an elderly patient. BUT - Radiograph in direct projection: In the upper and lower shares of the right lung, infiltration is determined; There are signs of venous stagnation in a small circulation of blood circulation in the form of amplification of the vascular pattern and the redistribution of blood flow in favor of the upper fractions. One-sided infiltration and signs of an acute inflammatory process are noted. The right is determined by small interdetal effusion in the horizontal intercidal gap (see the arrow). The shadow of the mediastinum in the upper part is expanded at the expense of the sternum (see pointers), which is due to the asymmetric patient installation. B. - X-ray in the right side of the projection: small effusion is determined in the pleural cavity (see the arrow). B, G. - radiographs of the same patient made after 10 days of therapy: It is noted to resolve infiltration on the right and positive resolution dynamics stagnation. The effusion in the pleural cavity is not determined; The volume of interdigal traffic decreased (see Arrow)

In patients in old age on radiographs can be detected by the sights of aorta, coronary arteries and heart valves, which is a sign of their degenerative changes caused by atherosclerosis (Figure 15).

Figure 15. Outliers in the heart. Radiographs of different patients performed in the side projection. BUT - determined calcification of the mitral valve (see arrows), aortic valve (see pointers) and aortic. B. - Calcia of the coronary arteries (see arrows)

(RDSV, Synonym "Shock heart") The clinical and radiological picture resembles the pulmonary edema (Figure 16), but RDSV has some differences. The term itself denotes the difference between this condition from respiratory distress syndrome in newborns, due to a shortage of a surfactant.

Figure 16. Respiratory Distress syndrome in adults complicating under heavy pneumonia

Respiratory distress syndrome in adults, in contrast to pulmonary edema (due to an increase in hydrostatic pressure in capillaries), is characterized by damage to the walls of capillaries. As a result of damage to the walls of capillaries with RDSV Exudate with large content The blood cells and the protein fall into the interstitial, and then into the alveolar tissue, whereas with the swelling of the lungs there is only an increase in the permeability of the capillaries walls, and the transudate falls into the pulmonary tissue - the edema fluid, poor blood cells and proteins.

The cause of respiratory distress syndrome in adults can be inhaling toxic gases, aspiration of gastric content, narcotic substances, drugs, post-transfusion and allergic reactions, viral and bacterial infections (including pneumonia), sepsis (usually caused by gram-negative infection). In addition, the RDSV may occur with severe burns, DVS-syndrome, pancreatic acid, shock, after the procedure of artificial blood circulation, large surgical operation, as a result of injury of the chest, fatty emblem (after extensive damage to the fatty fiber and bones).

Depending on the cause and intensity of the impact of the damaging factor, the respiratory distress syndrome in adults is developing within 12-24 hours. RDSV has characteristic radiological differences from edema of the lungs (especially at the initial stage of development):

• Lack of signs of venous stagnation in a small circulation circle
• At the same time, signs of interstitial and alveolar pulmonary edema can be found. With an interstitial edema, a pulmonary figure is enhanced (the reticular shadows are determined), a diffuse low-constracy decrease in the transparency of pulmonary fields is noted. In parallel, the alveolar swelling of the lungs is developing, which is manifested by multiple polymorphic focal shadows, which are first noted on the periphery of pulmonary fields, then merge with the formation of extensive dimming
• In respiratory distress syndrome in adults, the darkening are determined closer to the external departments of the pulmonary fields. The intensity of these shadows is reduced towards the roots (in contrast to the pulmonary edema, in which the changes are determined mainly in the root lungs). Also can be detected by the symptom of "air bronchography"
• During RDSV, peribronchovascular "couplings", lines of Kerly type B, thickening of the interdolete pleura and effusion in the pleural cavity

The inverse dynamics of the development of changes in the lungs during respiratory distress syndrome in adults lasts for several weeks. In the outcome of the RDSV, as a rule, diffuse pneumosclerosis remains.

Diagnose a respiratory distress syndrome in adults and distinguish it from edema of light on radiological features in practice is quite difficult, especially since the RDSV can develop left-detection deficiency with signs of cardiogenic pulmonary edema. Such patients often make X-ray in the separation of intensive therapy by mobile devices, which strongly affects the quality of radiographs and, accordingly, the diagnosis. Significantly facilitating the process of diagnosing RDSV allows the RCT.

Read 9 min. Views 370.

Venous stagnation (venous hyperemia) is a pathological condition in which there is a poor outflow of venous blood and a normal arterial influx. Most often such a process occurs in the lower limbs on the background of chronic venous insufficiency. If the stagnation occurs in the system of the portal vein, it develops. In such patients, venous thrombosis and thromboembolism often occurs.

Causes of occurrence

Violasted outflow of venous blood the following reasons:

• Injuries. Strong bruises or blows often provoke the development of hematomas in hemorrhage places. Impring incorrectly vessels often disturb the bloodstream, contributing to the appearance of hyperemia.
• Sedentary lifestyle. Long-term presence in a sitting position increases intracellular pressure in the small pelvic organs. If a person has a tendency to thicken blood, it develops its stagnation.
• New formation. Large tumors squeeze the cloth and vessels located nearby, breaking blood outflow in these places.
• Complete lack of physical activity. If a person practically does not move, his muscles begin to atrophy. Hypoxia develops, causing stagnation in the lung vessels.
• Veins thrombosis. With this disease, blood clot is attached to the vascular walls, making it difficult to normal blood outflow.
• We wear close clothes and shoes. It also leads to circulatory disorders.

These are the most common causes of hyperemia. But there are predisposing factors that can affect the development of stagnant phenomena:

• reception for a long time hormonal drugs;
• pregnancy;
• strong stressful situations;
• incorrect meal leading to obesity;
• postpartum period;
• cardiovascular diseases in which blood viscosity increases.

Symptoms depending on localization

Stagnation of venous blood can develop in different parts of the body. At the same time, the symptoms of the pathological state are different.

Brain

Venous stagnation in brain vessels is an extremely dangerous phenomenon. The accumulation of carbon dioxide and toxins that arose due to the reduction of the rate of exchange processes leads to the development of the following symptoms:

How often do you pass the blood test?

Poll Options Are Limited Because JavaScript is Disabled in Your Browser.

Only on the appointment of the attending physician 30%, 668 votes

Once a year and think this is enough 17%, 372 vote

At least twice a year 15%, 324 vote

More often than twice a year but less than six times 11%, 249 votes

I follow my health and hand over every month 7%, 151 vote

I'm afraid of this procedure and try not to pass 4%, 96 votes

21.10.2019

• strong headache;
• upper eyelids;
• fainting;
• noise in the head;
• nausea;
• dizziness.

Such manifestations of venous hyperemia may be aggravated by stress, strong noise and abuse alcoholic beverages. As a result, the enemy of the brain may occur, and the fatal outcome may occur.

The reasons for hyperemia of brain vessels include:

• the presence of aneurysm;
• veins thromboembolism;
• water brain;
• tumors in the area of \u200b\u200bthe cervical spine;
• head injuries.

Symptoms begin to enhance as blood clusters. Often venous stagnation in the head is a sign of progression dangerous disease.

Small pelvis

Blood stagnation in a small pelvis in women occurs during pregnancy, with a sedentary lifestyle and in excess weight. This condition is often developing from office workers and Shvent. In this area, develops gradually, therefore the appearance of pain syndrome and discomfort occurs on the increasing.

After some time, the following signs of pathology arise:

• abdominal pain;
• lack of appetite;
• swelling of the lower abdomen;
• problems with erection in men;
• painfulness when menstruation;
• frequent constipation;
• increased gas formation.

Tingling that are observed on early stage The pathological state, in the future we will grow into severe pain. Blood stagnation in a small pelvis in men most often arises if they work drivers - truckers. The consequences of such a state are deprecated: women develop infertility, and men are prostatitis.

Legs

The lower limbs account for the largest load, since they hold the body in vertical position.

The risk group includes people with obesity, because due to excess weight, the load on blood vessels and joints.

Such a pathological condition is most often observed in persons over 55, when hormonal changes are beginning to occur in the body, leading to a decrease in the elasticity of blood vessels and an increase in blood pressure.

Stagnation processes are accompanied by fatigue, weights and feet swelling, even at low loads. Most often they are observed when a person is long without movement. With venous, the symptoms are embarrassed in the legs:

• feeling of tingling and burning;
• reduced sensitivity limbs;
• swelling of the feet and calf muscles;
• increased veins.

If appeared vascular grid, I need to urgently begin treatment.

Lungs

Venous stagnation in the lungs occurs if the work of the heart muscle is disturbed due to poor blood outflow in its left departments. Blood in the lungs are filled with capillaries, which leads to an increase in pressure in them. The same is observed in hypertrophy of the right ventricle.

Important information: How to treat stenosis of the right carotid artery and which symptoms of narrowing

With a stagnant process in the lungs arise the following symptoms:

• dyspnea appears and stupid pain in the lung area;
• man begins to slowly speak, stopping to translate his breath;
• during wakefulness and sleep, cold sweat acts;
• there is a mesmer cough with a sputter containing blood streaks;
• severe weakness appears;
• skin cover pale;
• above lip skin acquires a blue shade;
• feet swell.

Venous stagnation in the lungs is a dangerous state. In some cases, bloody oral foam can be observed. At the same time, the cough becomes a strong, patient with difficulty cleansing, in his lungs, it seems to interfere with something. Often develops pleurisy - inflammation of pleural leaves. It is accompanied by a dry cough, sophisticated pains, surface breathing.

Kidney

Bloodstock in kidney develops with chronic heart failure. At the same time, a sharp decrease in filtration in the glomers occurs, sodium ions, water are stopped withdrawn, begins to accumulate plasma. The kidneys become dense, cyanotic, increase in size. There is a breakdown of blood circulation, spasm of renal arterioles. Symptoms resemble signs of heart failure.

The following complications may develop:

• urolithiasis disease;
• symptomatic hypertension;
• glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis.

Extended renal veins and a stagnant process provoke the stroma swelling and the development of lymphostasis.

Diagnostics

To diagnose blood stagnation in the organs of a small pelvis, legs, a brain, lungs, the doctor first asks and examines the patient. Then guides the patient to the following studies:

• differential diagnosisto eliminate the likelihood of diseases of diseases that have similar symptoms;
• passing urine, blood and feces;
• hardware diagnostics to help identify pathological processes.

To discover the venous stagnation in a small pelvis in women, they carry out ultrasound, in the brain - they carry out phlebography, the pressure in the elbow vein is measured, the skull x-ray is made, CT or MRI. In the case of light, the doctor appoints auscultation. While listening to the lungs, you can detect whistling wheezing, especially in the lower departments and from behind.

How to treat

Treatment should be directed to remove provoking factor or reduce symptoms. To achieve the desired result, carry out an integrated approach that includes exercise, reception medicinal preparations, Methods of traditional medicine.

Physical exercise

Thanks medical physical culture You can eliminate stagnant phenomena in different parts of the body. If the pathological condition has developed in the small pelvis organs, it is necessary to perform exercises such as bridge, semi-bridge and squats. Perform them at any time of the day. The patient falls on the floor, bends his legs in the knees, rests on the feet in the floor and lifts the pelvis. Paul must concern only the feet and blades. In this position spend 2-3 minutes and smoothly fall on the floor.

Stagnation of blood in the legs eliminates the exercise "Bike". The patient falls on the back, bends his legs in the knees and imitates riding a bike. With the swelling of the lungs, long-term walks in the fresh air and respiratory gymnastics are brought.

Medical therapy

In venous hyperemia, the doctor most often prescribes several drugs. They help strengthen the vessels and remove pain.

With the help of ventotonics, the tone of vessels is reduced, varicose veins, hemorrhoids and other consequences of stagnant phenomena are cured. Medicines take not only inside. Such drugs are produced in the form of creams, gels and ointments.

Important information: Stenosis of the aortic valve (narrowing aorta) hearts in newborn children

The most effective attributes:

• Phlebodia.
• Detralex.
• Angionorm.

Hypotensive medicinal products Reduce arterial pressurewhich is often rising in venous brain stag. Such medicines are selected, given the individual characteristics of the patient's body, because the incorrectly chosen dose leads to development side Effects.

Most often, the doctor appoints:

• Verapamil.
• Bisoprolol.
• Diltiaze.

Dorganic remedies reduce blood pressure, accelerate the withdrawal from the body of urine together with excess water and salts. Most popular drugs: Veroshpirirov, Pterofen.

Folk remedies

Thanks to the means of traditional medicine, you can get rid of stagnation and swelling. Most popular methods:

• Plate nettle. With its help, excessive water is effectively excreted from the body, and blood is well thinned. Take 1 tbsp. l. Herbs poured 1 cup boiling water and boiled for 10 minutes. Focus and take 3 tbsp. l. Before each meal.
• Tincture Khrena. Ripe root and fill the glass to them on ¾. They poured to the top of the vertex vodka, they insist the day, flickering and poured into the enameled container. Add 100 g of carrot and beet juice. Aging 20 minutes and transfix 0.5 liters into banks. Take 2 tbsp. l. Three times a day.
• Tincture of a red brush. 100 g of plants are crushed, poured 0.5 liters of vodka and insist the month in a dark place. Take 1 tbsp. l. Before each meal.

When surgery is needed

The surgical operation is shown in post-tractic syndrome and progression of varicose varicose. Most often, subcutaneous veins are removed, tied up with collaterals between surface and deep veins. In the presence of trophic ulcers It is excised and plastic is performed by the patient's resulting defect with a skin flap taken from another body.

There are other, more gentle surgical methods that save blood from stagnation in veins using radio waves or laser.

Possible consequences

Venous hyperemia can lead to such negative consequences:

• The veins in which blood accumulates, begin to bleed into nearby fabrics. In the pelvis veins and lower limbs, this can lead to the formation of thrombus.
• The lack of oxygen contributes to the development of tissue necrosis.
• If the veins are expanded for a long time, then because of this, their walls begin to stretch. Subsequently, there is hypertrophy of the muscular shell.
• In the place where the congestive process occurred, connecting tissue can grow.

Thus, blood stagnation in the legs and other parts of the body can cause the development of a large number of diseases.

How to prevent stagnation

Avoid stagnant phenomena, subject to some rules and knowledge of a healthy lifestyle. It is necessary to strengthen the veins, increasing physical activity. If a labor activity Related to a long seat in one place, it is necessary to make small breaks. Preferably 1 time per day to charge, helping to overclock the blood of blood.

You should get rid of bad habits and consume as much water as possible. A good effect is observed after making a contrasting soul at the end of a working day.

Stable blood supply in the field of lungs saturates the organism with necessary oxygen. Stagnation in lungs or hypostasis suggest that there is a failure, blood flow is broken, and blood can penetrate into the lungs through the capillaries. It is necessary to pay attention to the alarming symptoms in time - this will allow the doctor to take measures in a timely manner.

Causes of disease development

Before leaving a panic and look for signs of a dangerous phenomenon, it is necessary to figure out why congestive phenomena arise in the lungs. Doctors tend to share the causes of pathology on congenital and acquired, which developed under the influence of external factors and pattern of lifestyle.

Causes of diseases that have appeared under the influence of innate and acquired pathologies of the cardiovascular system:

1. Atherosclerosis.
2. Ischemic disease.
3. Heart attack.
4. Cardiomyopathy.

Similar deviations in the operation of the system affect the quality of blood flow throughout the body, which cannot pass without a trace for the lungs.

The external reasons for a stagnant phenomenon in the lungs:

1. Gas poisoning.
2. Injuries internal organs.
3. Pathology kidneys.
4. Long stay on the highlands.
5. Little-moving rhythm of life.

We must not forget that failure in pulmonary blood circulation affects the work of most internal organs, as they cease to receive blood saturated with oxygen. Stagnation in occur most often. This is explained by the fact that their activity due to age is reduced, and aggravate the picture.

Basic symptoms

Alert attitude to his own health helps a person in time to detect dangerous deviations from the norm. You can not neglect the symptoms and ignore medical careThis may lead to serious complications.

Symptoms of stagnant phenomena in the lungs:

1. The feeling as if something squeezes the chest.
2. The nasolabial area acquires a blue shade.
3. The inability to fully take a breath.
4. A sound resembling a crunch at the end of the breath.

If a long time does not contact the doctor, do not take measures to restore health, then the shortness of breath will be intensified, it will be difficult to even talk to a person.

Congestive phenomena in the lungs in lying patients occur quite often, therefore it is necessary to watch the quality of oxygen circulation in their blood. In the first stage, the disease is accompanied by a cough and shortness of breath, in later stages, a person begins to pump out blood and foam.

Proper diagnosis

With the appearance of suspicion of pathology of the lungs, it is important to consult a doctor for help. A competent specialist will diagnose and select the necessary treatment.

Events on the diagnosis of stagnant phenomena in the lungs are reduced to the following:

1. Conducting radiographs.
2. Analysis of the composition of sputum.
3. Assessment of the condition of the cardiovascular system.
4. Analysis of urine.

Stagnation in the lungs on X-ray is visible well, the expansion of the pulmonary artery will not east of the doctor, the specialist will also see an increase in capillary pressure above 20 mm Hg. Art.

Collecting together the results of all surveys, the doctor will determine the stage of pathology and ways to eliminate it, which will allow man health to return.

Treatment methods

Treatment of stagnant phenomena in the lungs comes down to two options:

1. Surgical intervention.

To resort to the operation falls in cases where the disease is caused by aneurysm or heart defects. The main goal of any treatment is the elimination of the root cause of the disease, which makes it possible to eliminate and its consequences, especially with timely appeal to the doctor.

When selecting drugs, it is impossible to act independently, the correct set of funds must select a doctor. Medical therapy includes a whole range of funds, the ratio of which is determined by a specialist based on the results of diagnostics.

If the swelling of the lungs acquired the size threatening life, then the patient immediately hospitalized. In the conditions of the hospital is carried out and the patient is allowed to breathe clean oxygen.

Elderly people or underlying patients who are especially subject to the development of stagnant phenomena, it is recommended to conduct physiotherapy procedures. This will allow artificially to maintain blood circulation in the lung area.

ethnoscience

In some cases, the use of alternative medicine is allowed. However, it is not necessary to mention only on herbs and decoctions. The use of funds of traditional medicine is permissible only in a complex treatment complex, under the watchful control of the attending physician.

Maintenance folk Methods:

1. Treatment of herbs.
2. Gymnastics.
3. Massage.

Pulmonary gymnastics and massage are useful to underly patients and people with a sedentary way of life. It is recommended to change the body position more often if you get up from bed is prohibited, then you need to regularly take a sedentary position (in the absence of contraindications).

Decorations and grasses from herbs apply only after consulting a doctor. They must have an anti-inflammatory effect, as well as facilitate the process of expectoration. Among the popular ingredients are distinguished: a lamp, a chamber, chamomile, Kalina, calendula, sage and others. It is important to make sure there is no allergies on healing herbs And only after that consider the possibility of their use in treatment.

Prevention of the disease

Stagnation and swelling are organism signals on the development of dangerous pathologies. Doctors recommend not to let the alarming symptoms on samonek, in a timely manner to undergo surveys and carefully comply with the recommendations of specialists. Such a measure of prevention is considered the primary for most diseases human organism.

Among other preventive measures are distinguished:

1. Regular physical activity. It is necessary to avoid long-term seating or lying, take walks, knead the neck muscles. Such measures allow to improve blood circulation in the body and reduce the risk of stoles.
2. As much as possible to relate to yourself, avoid injuries and dangerous situations, reduce the level of stress in everyday life. Sharp temperature differences also adversely affect the work of the lungs and hearts.
3. Create a habit to eat right. Imcessive weight leads to the formation of additional edema, increases the load on the heart. Attention to your own health will save it in a tone.
4. Rejection of bad habits. Smoking and drinking alcohol lead to the destruction and failures in the work of the body systems.

Consequences of the disease

Timely treatment Constant phenomena in the lungs leads the patient to complete recovery, restoration of stable blood circulation and breathing. If a person ignores the symptoms for a long time, refuses medical care, then over time he will lose the ability to breathe independently.

In the most launched cases, death is possible. Swells so much fasten the lungs that the respiratory function becomes impossible.

Timely treatment is the key to recovery and return to full-fledged quality life.

Forced lying condition of the elderly patients, cardiac pathology leads to what is stagnant blood in a small pulmonary circle in the blood circulation system, in the venous outflow. If it does not begin treatment in time, then the pulmonary edema can begin, ending with fatal.

Stagnation in the lungs - life-threatening condition, which is associated with insufficient ventilation of lung tissue as a result of stagnation of blood in the lungs. Often, stagnation is due to the forced largeriness of the elderly, chronic diseases Cardiovascular and respiratory system.

Causes of stagnant phenomena

Along with the elderly, over 60 years old in the risk group of pulmonary diseases are patients after transferring operations, injuries and in the terminal stage of oncology. According to statistics from stagnation of more than half of the cases, death comes. Especially if the stagnation is caused by this condition as a pulmonary thromboembolism.

Forced lying condition of the elderly patients and concomitant heart pathology leads to the development of cardiovascular failure, i.e. Blood stagnation in a small pulmonary circle in the blood circulation system and the venous outflow is disturbed. The physiological mechanism is that at first Vienules expand, which is why there is a squeezing of pulmonary structures, then the transudate finds output to the intercellular space and edema occurs. All this disrupts gas exchange in the lungs, oxygen cannot act in sufficient quantities, and carbon dioxide is derived from the body.

Thus, impaired ventilation of the lungs and hypodynamics in the elderly are the main actors of the development and progression of stagnation. Under the influence of microorganisms, for which the stagnation is a favorable medium for breeding, pneumonia begins (inflammation of the lungs). In places of formation of fibrous tissue, pneumosclerosis occurs, which affects the structure of pulmonary alveoli and bronchi. If it does not begin treatment in time, then the pulmonary edema can begin, ending with fatal.

The disease may also be associated with heart failure, under the influence of the following factors:

• cardiomyopathy, pathology of the structure of the heart;
• hypertensive crisis;
• renal failure and sclerosis of vessels;
• poisoning by chemicals through respiratory organs, drugs, injuries.

Symptomatology stagnation

Initially, symptoms are similar to pneumonia. In many cases, early diagnosis is difficult. Along with the inspection, listening to breathing, the body temperature is measured, blood tests are taken and the pulmonary x-ray is made. From how much the body is able to cope with the pathogenic microflora, it depends on both diagnostics and treatment and the prognosis of stagnant phenomena. In cases with reduced immune status functions, the disease may arise for 3 days.

Elderly persecuted after a few weeks and the symptoms are as follows:

• the temperature background is stable, rarely beyond the limits;
• breath rapidly with tachycardia phenomena;
• the sick speaks with stops, he is anxious, it acts cold sweat;
• cough appears with exudate, then with blood, bloody foam;
• patients complain about increased fatigue and weakness, it is difficult for them to lie on a low pillow (when the symptoms of shortness sitting, the symptoms are gradually disappearing);
• in case of inspection, the skin is pale, the nasolabial triangle of the blue shade, there are signs of the swelling of the lower extremities;
• it may appear pleurisy, breaking against the background of hypoxia and pathological processes of failure.

If the first symptoms of respiratory failure associated with the lungs are manifested, then urgent care needs.

Approaches to treatment

In any stage of the disease, treatment is better in stationary conditions. In difficult cases - in the ward of intensive therapy or in intensive care. To increase the volume of respiration, an oxygen mask or an artificial respiratory apparatus is prescribed.

With hospitalization, the pulmonary, ECG, ultrasound of the heart is prescribed to the patient. Clinical analysis of blood and biochemistry show signs of the inflammatory process: an increase in ESP, leukocytes, a positive reaction of C-reactive protein.

The establishment of the cause of stagnation should be the main direction in therapy. If the symptoms are caused by the problems of heart failure, then the attacks are stopped, a complex of cardiotherapy is prescribed.

Regardless of the source of the disease in the lungs, a group is assigned antibacterial therapy, overwhelming pathogenic effects of microbes on the pulmonary tissue. These are added tools that reduce the lobby of sputum.

Cough is important to cure, and not suppress. Treatment is carried out with the use of mucolyts, herbal fees, mother-and-stepmother extracts, plantain, vocational school, which are recognized as the most effective phytotherapy agents. Mandatory diuretic products, vitamins for enhancing the immune response to the pathogenic microflora in an elderly person.

Prevention of pulmonary stagnation

In order to avoid stagnant processes in the lungs of the patient, forced to constantly be in bed, it is necessary to make as many movements as possible. If there is no possibility to make them yourself, then resort to helping. Useful every 4 hours to turn over, changing the position of the body, sit down. It is impossible to sleep on low pillows, long to be fixed, which weakens the function of breathing and the movement of the chest.

A physical physical education specialist can teach the simplest exercises that will help avoid pathology in elderly and lying. It is important to actively breathe and for this you can offer to inflate the air ball, breathe through a tube from a cocktail to a glass with water. Such exercises help to enrich the bronons and light oxygen, expand the range of movements of the chest, including a diaphragm. Stagnation in the lungs in the initial stage is eliminated only by activity.

Of particular importance acquires a diet with a rich content of protein and carbohydrates, polyvitamins, which will give the vital energy to the cells. You can use medical banks, mustard pieces, physiotics and an active massage with clutches.

Despite the causes of the disease, you need to drink hot tea with lemon, honey. It will contribute to the expansion of the vessels, strengthening their walls, opposes the formation of sputum.

It is necessary to use any possibilities for organizing prevention, to avoid more serious consequences.