A strictly defined blood sugar rate in children testifies to the effective health of the pancreas. It, performing external and intracerecretory tasks, regulates the carbohydrate balance and the process of fermentation in the processing of proteins, lipids and glucose. Having directly into the blood glucagon and insulin, the endocrine iron in the first case increases the level of sugar, and in the second lowers it. Functional disorders Systems directly affect the vital indicators and gradually cause complicated pathology - diabetes.

Causes of the emergence of endocrine diseases

From early childhood, it is necessary to periodically carry out control measurements of blood sugar. Glucose is an important energy component, on which the normal operation of the brain cells depends. It takes part in the exchange processes, the synthesis of polysaccharides contained in connective tissue Bundles, cartilage and in hair. Usually before taking food, the concentration of sugar is somewhat reduced, and after eating it increases and may be greater than the norm. But after throwing into the blood insulin, the glucose level returns to normal state. In pathology, carbohydrate indicators are not stabilized. When the blood sugar rate does not correspond to natural parameters, the development of chronic endocrine and metabolic illness occurs.

The blood test on sugar is to determine the content of glucose in it. Although the concept of sugar is recently nice to associate with something unambiguously harmful, without sufficient content of this substance, the adequate work of the bodies is very difficult, and the brain is at all sitting on a glucose diet. Sugar in blood for children and adults is an energy substance. Fats and proteins are building material for cells and tissues. Extraction of energy from such substances is associated with additional efforts for the body, but carbohydrates that are attributed to both glucose, on the contrary, the main function has an energy. Thus, the adequacy of biochemical reactions in the human body and cell health depends on the blood glucose level, which means general state And feeling.

Taking analysis on blood sugar in children can be made in various ways. The most common is the fence of the finger. 8-12 hours before that it is necessary to stop all sorts of food intakes, only clean water is allowed from the liquid. Juices, compotes and other drinks contain certain sugar doses, as, by the way, and toothpaste. In order to avoid sucking sugar through the mucous membranes of the mouth, the teeth before the blood fence is better not to clean.

Blood sugar in children

Children in their physiological parameters are equally different from adults, so it is quite logical that the value of the content of glucose changes with age. For babies, let's say a range of 2.78-4.4 mmol per liter, for children up to 6 years old corridor normal values Modifies to 3.3-5 mmol. Sugar rate in blood in children of junior and medium school age Determined by a wider interval of 3.33 - 5.55 mmol, and starting from 14 years old and up to half a century anniversary, the indicator from 3.89 to 5.83 mmol per liter is relevant. When studying medical maps and conclusions on analyzing your child, it is necessary to remember that measurements can be carried out in different units, and a particular way to fence blood and the selected research methodology impose their own adjustments and errors, so the final conclusion about the compliance of blood sugar in children norm Must do a specialist. It must be remembered when analyzing at home. The readings of the portable glucometter should be taken into account, but it is not worth the diagnoses on their basis, since even the wrong storage of the test strip distort the result.

Why leads low or elevated blood sugar in children

The condition in which the lack of glucose is observed is called hypoglycemia. Symptoms of this disease are pallor, irritability, cold sweat, increased pulse frequency, weakness, drowsiness, headache. If the child is still very small and cannot report the deterioration of the state, the presence of hypoglycemia can be suspected of atypical behavior. Caprises without reason, lethargy, rejection of sweets and food - all this is the basis for analyzing blood on sugar. Hypoglycemia may occur as a result of overvoltage or after edible disorder, in all other cases, a decrease in blood sugar is an alarming symptom.

Reverse phenomenon - hyperglycemia - is characterized by an abrasive glucose, high blood sugar. In children of the newborn period, the disease may be observed according to the reasons unclear until the end. For more older guys provoke hyperglycemia can be stress transferred infectious diseases, as well as disorders endocrine system, including diabetes.

Separate symptoms of hyperglycemia are similar to the opposite state of hypoglycemia - weakness, the coldness of the limbs, headache is observed. There is an oversupply of glucose and own signs: strong thirst and dry mouth, sharp deterioration view, skin sebum and disorder of the gastrointestinal tract.

Increasingly, diabetes and hyperglycemia are diagnosed in children and adolescents, in the risk group, it is children aged 9 to 12 years old. To get to fight the disease as early as possible and effectively, it is important to determine the presence of a disease on its most early stage. Among the children of middle school age, it was shown once during the year to carry out closerization, during the examination, it is mandatory for blood to sugar.

Glucose is necessary for the body to maintain normal life, it fills each cell cage, feeds the brain. Thanks to the production of hormone insulin, a certain level of glycemia is maintained.

Most low level Glucose can be defined on an empty stomach immediately after night sleep, and after meals, this indicator changes during the day. If a few hours after the meal, blood sugar never fell to acceptable marks, it remains elevated, this indicates a violation carbohydrate exchangeprobable the development of diabetes mellitus.

In the hypoglycemia, the opposite situation is the sugar indicators before meals and after not reaching the established medical standards, the child can feel weakness in the body, malaise. Without the diagnosis of the body, the cause of health problems is quite difficult to determine. This is especially problematic to make a one-year-old child.

Sugar level norms

The potential risk of sick diabetes have those children who have parents already sick diabetes, they have an overweight body. Often, hyperglycemia suffer from children after suffering viral disease, inadequately prescribed treatment, with improper power, when there are many carbohydrate foods, sweets.

In this case, it is necessary to follow from time to time to the concentration of sugar in the blood, in the conditions of a laboratory or at home conduct research capillary blood From the finger. When someone is in the family sick diabetes, there must be a portable glucometer in the house. Deciphering analyzing parents of a child will be able to do without help.

Age regulates certain sugar norms in the child's blood, so in the newborn it is somewhat reduced, if compared with the indicators of the glycemia of an adult. The blood sugar rate in children is 12 years old practically corresponds to the level of glucose adult and is an indicator in the interval from 3.3 to 5.5 millimol per liter of blood.

Diabetes in children from 9 to 12 years old is most often revealed, with an increase in sugar concentration, doctrusts of physicians imply the presence of a child diabetes, but until it confirms it. To verify the assumption, it will be necessary:

1. additionally donate blood;
2. consult with other doctors.

Only after this put the final diagnosis.

Why the amount of glucose does not correspond to the norm

Sugar level

During the study and diagnostics of the body, the child cannot immediately determine the presence of pathology. Causes of increasing blood glucose can be heavy physical exercise, overvoltage, stress, reception of certain drugs.

It is possible that before surrendering the blood, the child secretly used food, he has non-diagnosed diseases of the adrenal glands, thyroid or pancreas.

There is not enough effective result that does not clarify the picture, usually doctors are obtained with a child's clincherization at school. This fact is quite simple to explain, the child could not warn parents about the upcoming study and eat tightly before leaving the house. He could also use the drugs discharged by the doctor, which is better not to do before surrendering blood to sugar performance.

But the most informative will be the result of the analysis of the blood obtained in the clinic, the parents code on the eve of preparing their child to the procedure. In this case, the blood sugar level can be determined for sure.

Sometimes the child has 12 years old and other deviations from the norm, for example, strongly reduced sugar are diagnosed. This indicates hypoglycemia, which is also not a good sign. Such children often stand out among the peers, they have:

1. inadequate thrust for sweet, calorie food;
2. increases the degree of activity;
3. anxiety is growing.

The patient may make complaints of frequent dizziness, with severe disorders and a long-term reduced sugar in a child can begin a convulsions, it flows into a comatose state, it is possible to exit it only in the hospital.

It is necessary to clearly understand that it is impossible to identify hypoglycemia on one blood test. Sugar level fluctuations can be associated with different reasons, among which a long-term abstinence of a child from food. In recent years, it is among adolescents that the fashion for low-carbid food began, girls secretly from their parents arrange so-called unloading days.

Yet low sugar may be marked if chronic pathologies, overweight, which is associated with violation exchange processes in organism. Glucose jumps with the development of benign and malignant neoplasms in the pancreas responsible for producing insulin, as well as pathological changes from the nervous system.

Diagnostics

To form an accurate diagnosis, you will need to pass several blood tests, one-time definition of the level of glycemia is not enough. Additionally, it is shown to carry out non-invasive studies using a special portable device of the glucometer, such an apparatus will determine the amount of sugar in the bloodstream, based on the state of the vessels, the magnitude arterial pressure. Of course, there are somewhat more expensive.

Also, the doctor will suggest to pass the test for glucose resistance, during which blood fence is carried out several times during the clock pair. At first, the analysis is made on an empty stomach, and after that the patient drinks a concentrated glucose solution and after 2 hours the analysis reproduces.

Before appointing treatment, the doctor must learn the results ultrasonic research pancreas.

Medic is obliged to establish or eliminate the development of neoplasms and other pathological changes.

How to help the child

When the blood sugar rate in the child is exceeded, diabetes is confirmed, the doctor will appoint him appropriate treatment. In addition to the use of medicines, certain principles should be observed. Be sure to regularly monitor the condition of the patient's skin, mucous membranes. It is important to eliminate skin itch, Prevention of probable gun lesions.

The doctor will register regular physical exertion, it can be any sport. It is also shown to follow the rules diet nutrition. The basis of the diet is proper nutritionThe child's menu limits food with high fat and carbohydrates. Normal in this case are considered. It is necessary to eat small portions, not less than 5 times a day.

In the presence of hyperglycemia and confirmed diabetes, psychological help is required. Well, when such assistance will be provided by a qualified doctor. This will help the child not to feel abandoned, not like all children or defective. It is necessary to make it clear that the subsequent life of the child will not be the same, and there is nothing terrible.

Special schools should come to the rescue of parents, where doctors:

• talk about the features of diabetes;
• conduct classes to adapt the child;
• explain what the norm should be.

Even if parents know everything about diabetes, they still will not hurt to go with their child to the school of diabetes. Thanks to the classes, the sick child to get acquainted with other children, aware that he is not one. It helps you get used to change in life, teach yourself insulin injections without adults.

About the norm of glycemia in children will tell an expert in the video in this article.

Currently, many diseases appear already in childhood. Regular surveys will help identify deviations in the Baby body, take action. A blood test, in which the level of sugar is determined, helps in identifying violations in health. Because this test is useful to conduct in the framework of preventive examination.

Permissible blood sugar rate in children

The results of the analyzes in different age groups will differ, even with the full health of the surveyed. This is explained physiological features organism. In kids, the sugar level is understated in comparison with adults. And this feature is taken into account when interpreting the results. Thus, the blood sugar rate in the newborn child differs even on the indicators of preschoolers. Parents should be aware of what level is considered normal for the age of their Chad.

Blood sugar rate baby ranges from 2.78 to 4.4 mmol / l. Any digit from this gap must calm the caring mom. The same norms of sugar in the blood of a year old and a two-year-old child. For kids, right up to pre-school age - from 3.3 to 5 mmol / l. And for those guys, which turned 6 years old, "adults" norms are already used, that is, 3.3-5.5 mmol / l.

Not always, the research results show the norm. Value to 2.5 mmol / l - sign of hypoglycemia. It does not arise without reason and requires attention to doctors. Hypoglycemia can cause serious deviations in nervous system. It is also one of the causes of death among newborns.

To the main factors that lead to the problem include:

• endocrine pathology;
• disorder in the nervous system;
• sugar diabetes mom;
• poor nutrition;
• excessive physical exertion;
• frequent stress;
• pathology of pregnancy and childbirth;
• heredity.

With the results, more than 6.1 mmol / l are celebrated hyperglycemia. It is this state that accompanies an increase in sugar levels is also caused by the diseases of the pituitary gland, pancreas, overvoltage, epilepsy.

Even in a situation where the blood test on sugar in a child showed the result out of normal, the mother should not immediately fall into panic. A single test cannot serve as a reason for an accurate diagnosis. It will be necessary to pass a study again.

It happens that parents lead to crumb to survey after breakfast. Such an oversight will give an erroneous result. Therefore, in the laboratory, the crumbus must be in early in the morning on an empty stomach. Some medicines may also affect the result.

If the doctor has grounds for concern, he will send for additional research. In terms of 5.5-6.1 mmol / l, a glucose-bearing test will be required. First, the blood is taken on an empty stomach. Then drink glucose solution. After certain intervals, the material fence is repeated. Normally sugar in the blood in children after loading should not be more than 7.7 mmol / l. Features of the manipulation will tell the doctor. In the interval between the taking of the material it is impossible to eat, run, drink, not to distort the result. At 7.7 mmol / l, the doctor will have all the bases of diabetes mellitus. Confirms this diagnosis of glycosylated hemoglobin test.

Every mom must know which blood sugar in the child should be normal, and how to support it. To do this, it is important to keep track of the baby's nutrition. The diet should include a lot of green vegetables, apples. It is impossible to pamper the child with sweets and baking. Better let the kid gets dried fruit. The blood sugar level in the child is normal to maintain moderate physical exertion.

Elevated or lowered sugar In the blood in children - an alarming symptom, in which parents should examine the child in more detail and determine the reasons for the increase in blood glucose in the child. For children, there is a sugar in plasma. 10-year-old baby indicators may coincide with the results of an adult. If values \u200b\u200bare substantially deflected, it is important to start timely and adequate treatment that the doctor will assign after clarifying the diagnosis.

Normal and testimony for analyzes

To prevent the development of diabetes in children and control health, blood on sugar is recommended no less than 1 time per six months. The blood sugar level in children of different ages will be different, it is a physiological phenomenon that is not considered a deviation. The indicators of the newborn crumbs will differ significantly from the data obtained from the teenager. If a doctor has any suspicions, it will appoint additional diagnostic studies that will help determine the diagnosis and choose the correct therapy scheme. The table will show what the sugar rate in children, according to age:

According to the table, in the blood of a newborn and baby per year there is a low sugar, since the metabolic processes are not yet formed. With age, the tests will show that the indicator rose, and at 10 years old the child becomes the same as in an adult. However, if the increase or decrease is significantly deviated from normal indicators, The baby bother uncharacteristic symptoms, this is an indication for the delivery of an additional row of analyzes.

How to pass?

Analysis on the determination of blood sugar levels in adolescents and younger children are carried out in laboratory conditions, you can do it yourself at home, with the help of a portable glucometer. The material fence is made on an empty stomach of the finger. I should not forget that after eating, for 2 hours, the sugar concentration in the plasma is maximum, so it is important not to violate the condition, before surrendering analyzes, do not feed the baby or the older child, the last meal in the child should be no later than 9-12 hours before Procedures.

In diabetes, the pancreas in the child's body is incorrect.

The blood sugar rate in a newborn child should not exceed 4.3 mmol / g, the level of glucose adolescent should be normal up to 5.5 mmol / l. However, if low or elevated sugar In the blood, you should not panic immediately, as it is not always possible to hand over the blood test on sugar from the first time. If an older baby or a child suddenly decreased or rose sugar, perhaps this is due to other internal problems:

• experitance, emotional prematurity;
• diseases internal organs, including the pancreas;
• neurogenic violations, congenital pathology of the CNS;
• internal bleeding.

To confirm or disprove the diagnosis, it is recommended to pass a glucose-bearing test that will help to accurately determine, lowered or raised sugar in a child. To do this, first take blood from the finger on the hungry stomach, then the child is given to drink a solution of glucose. After 30 minutes, they take the first sample, and so every half an hour the blood is taken for 2 hours and the glucose concentration graph in plasma is made. The blood sugar rate in children is not more than 6.9 mmol / l. If the indicators are approaching up to 10.5 mmol / l - this high Sugar.And there is a suspicion of the development of prediabet. If the value increased more than 10.5 mmol / l, and additional diagnostic studies converge with pre-received data, diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.

Symptoms and reasons

Sugar in the blood can increase by various reasons, such a condition is called hyperglycemia, the main reasons for the increase are as follows:

• stress, nervous overvoltage, excessive physical exertion;
• receiving glucocorticoids that affect normal level blood sugar;
• brain tumor diseases;
• disruption of the work of the thyroid
• diabetes.

If laboratory studies have shown sugar 6 mmol / l and more, it is worth passing a complete diagnostic study and determine the causes of the violation.

If the elevated sugar in the child is preserved lasting and develops sugar diabetes, it is impossible to not be noticed. The following signs will disturb the crumb:

• frequent desire to drink and go to the toilet in a small one;
• an increase in appetite, the desire to eat more sweet;
• general deterioration of well-being, drowsiness, disadvantage;
• sharp decline in body weight;
• increased sweating.

At the occurrence of diabetes in an infant and babies, such factors affect the year:

• body body weight at birth;
• hereditary predisposition;
• congenital immune and endocrine disorders.

Who is treating?

The treatment of diabetes in newborns and older children is engaged in a children's endocrinologist and pediatrician. To begin, it is important to adjust the diet and the mode of the day of the crumbs, if necessary, it will be necessary to pass more narrowly-controlled studies that will help determine the deviation with the most accurate results. If you do not take any action permissible norm It will be constantly increased, the child's condition will deteriorate, the most dangerous consequence is the hyperglycemic coma, as a result of which the child may die.