Text: Ivan Belokrylov, consultant - Victoria Valeryevna Pakhomova, Ph.D., Children's neurologist

Children at the preparatory classes to school were tasked: remember or come up with 2 lines, which are a finished poem. Sasha reacted instantly: "Let me consider meter, but I resort to the first one!" The quote was from the book about cats - fun photos with humorous two-be-oxides below. At home all laughed at them, and the teacher began to scold for a bad word, threatened to put the corner. Sasha, red as cancer and all in tears, escaped from the lesson, and at home stated that it would not go to this kindergarten. In the evening he rose a temperature. For forty! The pediatrician, the elderly and very experienced, having heard the background, said: "Hard on the soil of stress! Generally, breakdown Your boy has. " It can manifest itself and differently - not as an emotional explosion, but in the form of a quiet hysterical. It is very important that adults correctly behave in such cases!

Nervous breakdown: rapid manifestation
Sign of the nervous breakdown - hysterics. Under the influence of a stressful factor acting as too strong stimulus for children nervous system (I am still rapid, easy-to-believe in kids), the child goes out of himself: the fight is striking, throws on the floor of the books and toys, Grubit, shouts unacceptable things.
Oddly enough, this reaction can only be rejected! Psychologists are usually advised in such cases to give the baby to spoil and shout. In the language of specialists is called "To go through the situation". Allow your stay to discharge to the end. Freed from negative emotions, the child will come to himself. Then it will be possible to calmly talk to him about what happened, discuss the situation over a cup of tea with a mint, soothing the nervous system. Such tea will benefit and mommy, because she worries no less than his child! Do not worry: The worst is already behind. If the conflict situation in the garden can be destroyed by removing the psychotrarming factor, the hysteria will no longer repeat.
Do not indignant the behavior of the child and do not make him apologize for what happened in front of the whole group or educator: it is impossible to make him worry all again! Put the preschooler in the same conditions in which the disruption arose, it means to provoke a new emotional splash. In such cases, in such cases it is recommended to change the situation up to the transition to another group or even in another kindergarten.

Nervous breakdown: quiet hysterical
What could be worse than the nervous breakdown with screams and tears with all the class? Only quiet hysterical! The child seems to be forgotten: freezes, goes into my senses, does not answer the questions, it seems to be silent, swinging from side to side or shrinking in a lump and begins to nibble, pull the hair, eyebrows or eyelashes. The harmful habits of this kind are classic signs of autoagression that develops due to negative emotions.
Disciplined and ambitious kids, future excellent students who are ahead are inclined to quiet hysterics with autoagression elements. Such almost three begin to read, in four decide the tasks from the textbook for first-graders! But in the children's team of such, there are no tenderkinds, because they envy them to successes and the fact that the "advanced" kid is constantly put as an example to others. Teach the child to tie relations with other children and explain that it is not good to brag about your success. Tell me: "If Kohl does not know how to read, then he needs to help, then he will share with you too, will become your friend."

Nervous breakdown: feed right
One of the reasons for children's nerve breaks, pediatricians consider improper nutrition. It turns out that the lack of vitamins (especially group B) and microelements (in particular, zinc and magnesium), as well as preservatives contained in food and beverages (there are many sausages, sausages, smoked meats, canned foods, flavors, artificial fillers and dyes are not the best affect the exchange of dopamine and serotonin in the head brain of the child. Because of this, he becomes more excited, reacts acute to trouble.
Worst of all, when the products stuffed with chemistry, cause allergies in crumbs, which is accompanied by an additional release in serotonin blood, enhance the excited state. In the list of the strongest allergens - eggs, red caviar, fish, seafood, tomatoes, honey, nuts, red apples, citrus fruits, as well as exotic fruits of Kiwi, mango and pineapple. Be careful with them!
It is not worth it about gas production - it is contraindicated to children with a tendency to hysterical reactions. But American scientists found that orange juice from the package is not better. During the day after its use, a lot of zinc is detected in the urine analysis - this calm mineral is actively washed out of the body! And all because in canned juice (in contrast to the freshly s), the food dye tartazine (E102), which has the ability to drive zinc from the body.
The baby and substances from the group of salicylates contained in coffee, olives, raspberries, oranges, apples, plums, strawberries, cherry and grapes are disgraced. True, in berries and fruits of these compounds are not so much, but black tea (not to mention the coffee, which is not recommended for kids at all) from the nutrition of the child who survived the nervous breakdown, should be excluded.
Sweets also need to be limited! They cause a sharp increase in blood glucose content and highlighting the pancreas hormone insulin. As a result, the glucose level drops, and the body produces hormones, in particular adrenaline, which has an exciting effect on the kid.

Nervous breakdown: what to do adults
The hysteria in the child does not arise from scratch. Usually, the tension accumulates for a while when the situation in the kindergarten or at home is heated, but the child is trying to keep himself within. And then…

Before the start of the hysteria

• Do not provoke the child if you see that he is already at the limit. The easiest way to avoid breakdown is to smile or discharge the situation with some kind joke.
• Switch children's attention, distract the child something. If it is already on the platform, the switching method should be very powerful. Try, for example, to portray your hysteria yourself or let it make someone from the children. In the language of psychology, this course is called the method of preventive or response aggression (it depends on when they use: before the start of the hysterical reaction or when it is already in full swing). Alien faith surprises the child, and he quickly calms down.

During the nervous breakdown

• Apply the mirror projection method. Repeat the son or daughter all their actions so that they could see themselves from the side. The younger child, the more efficient this method of psychological unloading. He ceases to beat in hysterics and looks at you with curiosity.
• Send thoughts for a cool shower. You can take it in an oakha and attributed to the bathroom. Or splash in face cold water, attach to the forehead wrapped in a towel package with frozen vegetables. Water blends negative energy, and the cold slows down the reaction, dull emotions and acts as distracting therapy.
• Do not let the child harm yourself and the rest. Now he is in a state of affect: does not understand what makes, does not control himself and is not responsible for his actions. Remove all the piercing-cutting and hard on him from hand, than he can run into someone.
• Leave one in the room - let him calm down, will come to himself and think about what happened. But from the sight of the kid do not miss, slowly watch him!

After an attack of hysteria

• We drink a child with sweet tea with a few drops of a lattice tincture, and when he relaxes, put sleep. In a dream, the brain generates saving alpha waves - natural sedative.
• If your baby is nervous and wounded, inclined to hysterical reactions, brew him with preventive goal Pharmacy films with mint, mother-in-law, pendant, lavender or fenhel.
• An explosive, prone to aggressive reactions to the child, tell me such a reception: when it feels that it is about to come up, let him close his eyes and makes a few deep breaths through the nose and slow exhale through the mouth with the sound "f". Or will start massaging clockwise with the tip of the index finger of one hand an anti-stress point on another. This point rests the fold between pressed large and index fingers.

Nervous breakdown: strengthen the nerves
Psychological problems are under them physiological reasons. Let a child group B vitamins, they reduce the level of stress in the children's body and prevent unwanted emotional reactions. Useful for the nervous system of vitamins a lot in equal milk products, cheese, liver, heart, egg yolk, pears, peaches, tomatoes, carrots, beets, caulifust and spinach.
Daily offer a baby vitamin salad with folic acid contained in greenery, leaf vegetables and green parts of plants. Norwegian scientists found that in the blood of children prone to aggressive reactions, the level of amino acid homocysteine, not contributing to positive emotions and good behavior. Folic acid It leads this indicator to normal, helping the child relax. No wonder it is called vitamin joy. It is vital and kids!

Yesterday we started a conversation about the nervous breakdowns from preschoolers and younger students, and found out with you that most of the nerve breaks and the problems of the psyche of children are "guys" parents in the upbringing and a bad example of their own misconception. Let's talk to you next and look a few examples.

Examples of positive and negative effects of adults

To illustrate the influence of adults on the formation of neurosis in children, I will give a few examples that reflect the wrong and faithful reaction of parents and other adults participating in the upbringing.

Olga R., 7 years old, to hysterics is afraid of mice, even in the photos and pictures, although in general there is quite a brave girl who are not afraid of dogs or wild animals. Why is such a panic at the sight of mice? The whole thing is that still being a pupil of kindergarten, during classes, she witnessed the panic reaction of the teacher on the trampled mouse over the floor. The tutor was the highest authority for the child, and the girl remembered the reaction of a woman who, with a squeal and a terrible cry, jumped into a chair. In the child's subconscious, the stereotype "Mouse is a terrible beast!".

Nikita Sh., 6 years old, went with a mom in a circus to the presentation with trained bears. When the child saw the bear, who headed in his direction on the scooter, the child shouted very much and lost the gift of speech, and later began to stutter. Why so happened, because many children are on such performances, but are not afraid? When finding out the circumstances, it was found that in three years the child was long at her grandmother in the village, which for disobedience frightened the child to the fact that the bear comes and drag him into the forest. The symbol of the bear has become a shock factor for a child, and when meeting with the present bear there was a breakdown.

Irina U., 4 years old, went down the street with mom, and a neighbor's dog rushed to them. Despite the danger, the girl was not frightened, since Mom always said that the dog was a friend of man. She then told his mother "Dog Boyal and something wanted to inform us, so it ran up so sharply." This is the right style of upbringing with mom, without intimidation and thickening of paints. And these are not all examples of different approaches in the upbringing.

Children are usually perceived in a different way and they are brave adults. Remember how in my childhood you were not afraid to climb on high trees, to poke hands into the cells to beasts, ignite fires or jump through deep ditch and piva. The feeling of fear is formed in children based on parents and accumulation of their own negative experience. They lead to fear mostly instructions of adults on the fact that it is painful, dangerous or scary. According to the experience, it was shown that those children who had neuroses as a result of a strong fright, previously experienced quite pronounced and strong shocks as a result of bruises or burns, punishments or bites of animals. These reactions caused short-term reactions of crying, but at the same time they were not accompanied by appropriate adult responses about danger. It is also worth knowing that even strong pains of both the child and in an adult will not cause neurosis, if you know that such pains are not dangerous - for example, toothaches it unpleasant, but there are no neurosis from it.

However, moderate, but long-term unpleasant sensations can become the cause of persistent neuroses, if the child is experiencing them will assume that such manifestations are dangerous for life and health. For example, compressing or stick pain In the heart area, they can lead to the development of heavy cardioneering because of fear for the fact that the heart can stop. But on the other hand, even severe emotional shocks and the mountain of children, which is provoked by the fairly tragic events (the death of a loved one), with a tactful and affectionate approach and a calm explanation can console the baby and not give it to problems to go into neurosis. It is worth remembering that the younger than the child, the brain processes that are, the easier, there will be a breakdown in the reloading of the nervous system. This may occur because the child is oncelanding - "stop", "it is impossible", "Syidi \u200b\u200bcalmly" or "not touch!".

It is worth remembering - that children are restless and inquisitive, they have the right to active and joyful life, they physically need to play, run, stitch and jump, is a way out for their irrepressive energy. It is necessary to give them more independence and freedom in behavior, and it is necessary to prohibit only what is absolutely unacceptable or threatening life and health. But in this case, a strict, solid and unconditional ban is required. Frames in the brake processes of the child and the development of its hyperactivity and irrepression can be facilitated by frequent and unreasonable use of punishments that are associated with a long restriction of their freedom of movement and mobility. These are such punishments as setting into an angle, deprivation of walks, ban on running or jumping with a plan for a highchair. With the deprivation of children of freedom of movement, the braking processes overload occurs, which leads to an increase in aggressiveness (remember: dogs on chains are symbols of aggression).

At this age, this is a clash of processes of both excitation and braking. These are situations where the same child or event in his life have both positive reinforcements and negative. So, for example, a child is experiencing a newborn baby at the same time and tenderness, and dislike due to the fact that the baby distracts to care about himself too much attention of the mother. Or another situation - a child when parting the parents is experiencing to the outgoing father at the same time, and love and insult for what he throws the family. But this is not particularly typical situations, it is much more often happening for the fault of the parents themselves and their contradictory attitude towards the child, when a child is punished in one day for those misconduct, which were completely admissible before, or when Mom allows you to do or even encourages That categorically prohibits father. In addition, it is bad when parents indulge whipping and actions for which the child can be punished at school or kindergarten. Whatever the mechanism of the development of the nervous breakdown and neurosis in the child, it is gradually fixed and enters persistent neurosis, especially if such a nervous state for a child brings any moral or physical benefits.

How to treat how to deal?

Unlike many other pathologies - the treatment of nervous disorders in the child is quite effective. Even in cases of sufficiently heavy neurosis in children with whom psychiatrists work, cure the child is quite possible using pedagogical techniques that can be applied even at home with a specialist. The main method in the treatment of nervous breakdowns and neuroses is methods of psychotherapy, which are used by both doctors and teachers and psychologists, although they are not called this method. One of the most positive methods in psychotherapy is to change the situation and eliminate the reasons that caused deviations in the psyche, as well as the formation of the influx of new positive and joyful impressions. In addition, another method of psychotherapeutic impact can also be used, which specialists call the speech method. This treatment for verbal influences on the child and his consciousness. At the same time, the authoritative words of educators in children are particularly important in the treatment of nervous disorders.

One of the methods used in psychotherapy is the method of stimulation at which the main goal is to awaken in the child's child quickly and completely recover. And ultimately it is necessary to make the child himself put his own strength to the recovery process, so he will also learn to overcome in the future obstacles in the life path. In this method, it will be especially significant that the word will be aspirators and doctors, as authorities for the baby. At the same time, even small victories in the fight against the disease will be a huge stimulus for a child for the movement, they will give confidence and cheerfulness. It is important for parents in every way to maintain and encourage the child, to tell him how well he is and how well he copes with everything, as well as agree on a single style of upbringing so that in the future there is no distortion.

Almost all parents sooner or later face the disobedience of their children. It is necessary to identify the cause and a consequence of whims and hysterics of their children. Most often, you can correct the behavior of a child, but only by changing the principles of education.

Nervous condition kid implies elevated excitability, behavioral changes in the period of sleep and wakefulness, hystericality, frequent irritation.

Communication with a capricious child is very difficult.

Parents are difficult to stay calm when a child responds with hysteria to any request. But most of all, this behavior brings harm to the most kid.

Nervous children are not able to adequately communicate with the peers, rejoice in life and carelessly play.

Scientists and doctors believe that improper education in the very early age is the reason for the manifestation of neuroses in children.

There is a direct connection between the poor behavior of the child and its nervous state. It is very difficult to reveal the true culprit of the situation. And parents, and the children themselves indirectly influence each other.

To the main reasons for children's disobedience can be attributed:

• Attracting adults

With a lack of caress and care, the child instinctively begins to provoke parents on the bright manifestation of emotions.

The children's brain immediately notices that when making any misconduct, parents instantly pay all their attention to it.

• Excessive care

A child who is surrounded by constant control and prohibitions cannot be independent.

In order to defend its point of view and expand the free action zone, the baby begins to be disobedience.

• Resenting the childEven the most minor to the adult look, leave an indelible mark in his soul

With the strong quarrels of the parents, with the child's challenged deception or in the wrong behavior of others, the children may have a desire to take revenge.

• Baby disorderwhen he can not independently do something conceived

This is especially true of things easily performed by others.

• Loss of self-confidence

With frequent humiliations and childbirths of the child, soldering and instructions, in the absence of praise and good words, the self-esteem of the baby decreases greatly. Comparison with other children also negatively affects the psyche.

• Unhealthy family atmosphere

With frequent quarrels of parents, screams and insults, the anxiety of small family members increases, a closure is developing and disobedience.

• Lack of vocabulary and improper expression of emotions

Little children are difficult to correctly express their thoughts and feelings.

• The presence of mental disorders and pathologies of the nervous system.

The model of child behavior is closely related to psycho-emotional development. Only with serious neurological diseases can be considered disobedience.

In all other cases the whims and hysteries of the baby must encourage parents to reconsider their methods of upbringing. If you suspect that there are hyperactivity, consult a children's neurologist, he will be able to determine whether there are violations in your case.

In the following material, we will tell you what is.

Causes and symptoms of children's neurosis

Children's nervous system is not yet formed, so it is easily amenable to various disorders and diseases.

The attention of parents should immediately concentrate on the inexplicable whims of their Chad.

Hysteria and disobedience should be a reason for active actions.

Resenting, lack of attention and mental stresses accumulate and gradually pass into painful neurosis in a child.

Doctors believe that the disorder of the child's psyche at various stressful situations leads to neurosis. This condition causes inadequate actions of the baby.

Opinion expert

Particular attention should be paid to the behavior of a child at the age of mental formation. This age is from 2 to 4 years, from 5 to 8 years old and adolescence.

Usually neuroses are manifested in the region of 5-6 years. But the first alarming signs can be observed much earlier.

To the main reasons for the manifestation of mental disorders in children include:

• Psychologically, severe situations traumulating the nervous system.

This may be an adaptive period in society and associated communication complexity, parent quarrels.

• Heavy psychological impact that caused a child's fright.

Or frequent overweight of the nervous system.

• Lack of attention and parental care.
• Stiffness and excessive rigor of education.
• Relationships of adults among themselves and emotional background inside the family.
• Jealousy caused by the appearance of a younger child.

External events occurring around the kid can also cause neurosis. Take care of the child's nervous system!

The first symptoms indicating the presence of the disease of the nervous system:

• Anxious state, unreasonable fears, faint
• Problem sleep (with frequent awakening, complex falling asleep)
• Cough
• Speech problems (stuttering)
• Digestion problems, chair disorders
• Complexity in interaction with people

Excessive excitability and aggressiveness, closed kid behavior - this is an alarming bell for adults.

Opinion expert

Klimenko Natalia Gennadievna - Psychologist

Practitioner psychologist of the municipal female consultation

With such questions, it is desirable to immediately turn to a specialist. He will explain to you what to do to strengthen the nervous system. Passive behavior of parents is fraught with a more serious development of the disease.

In the future, such children arise difficulties in life: the lack of communicative skills, indecision, fear of difficult problems.

If the usual rhythm of life is disturbed by disobedience and hysterical children, then you should seek help.

A comprehensive solution to problems will help to help a child in normal psychological development.

Nervous tick in a child: signs and reasons

Nervous tick The kid is an involuntary movement of any muscle group, which is not able to control.

According to doctors, every fifth child faces short-term stuttering at least once in life.

In 10% of children, the disease occurs in chronic form.

Such horrific figures indicate that a large number of children and adolescents suffer from difficulties in communicating, complexes and insecurity.

The problem is very serious, and causes a mass of negative consequences, especially in adulthood.

Mix three main types of baby nervous tick:

1. Ritual.

Sewing teeth, scratching individual parts of the body (ears, nose), hair tape.

2. Motor.

Involuntary grimaces (frequent blink, frowning eyebrows), lip bite, dergan limbs.

3. Vocal.

These include all involuntary sounds (hissing, shaking, groove and others).

Nervous ticks can also be divided according to the degree of manifestation:

• Local

Under the action of only one muscle group.

• Multiple

Movements are made at once with several muscle groups.

Tiki is also separated by the type of appearance.

The primary course of the disease can be caused:

Have you noticed signs of nervous tick in a child?

YesNot

• The lack of useful trace elements in the body with unbalanced nutrition.
• Psycho-emotional problems.
• The use of a large number of beverages affecting the nervous state.
• Hereditary predisposition.

In 50% of cases, nerve tick is transmitted from parents to children

• Excessive fatigue.

The secondary type of nervous tick can develop if there are problems:

• Injuries and brain neoplasms
• Pathology of the nervous system
• Encephalitis

The disease affects the sleep of a child. Children hardened and sleep restlessly.

If you desperately find a common language with your children, then you can definitely read the books of Yulia Hippenrater "The most important book for parents" or "communicate with the child. How?"

It is also described in very detailed ways to solve conflict situations in the books of another child psychologist - Lyudmila Petranovskaya: "If a child is difficult to" and "the secret support. Affection in the life of the child. " These books are real bestsellers, they helped to return the world to many families, try and you.

Treatment of nervous tick

The appearance of a child of a nervous tick should alert the parents. It is necessary to consult a doctor if the following signs are observed:

For effective treatment Nervous Tick is needed to create a favorable and relaxed home environment, the organization of the right routine of the day, long walks, sports, balanced nutrition.

Herbal beams are used as folk remedies: chamomile, mother-in-law, Valerian, hawthorn.

Opinion expert

Klimenko Natalia Gennadievna - Psychologist

Practitioner psychologist of the municipal female consultation

Treatment of the disease depends on age. In children from 3 to 6 years, the course of the disease will be unpredictable. Even when recovering and disappearing symptoms, it is necessary to control the child's condition daily, up to the end of adolescence.

The appearance of teak in kids under the age of 3 years is especially dangerous. This is possible in the presence of serious diseases.

Tiki, which arose in children from 6 to 8 years old is the easiest to be treated, and usually no longer manifest.

Education of nervous children

Effective treatment of neurosis in children can be carried out only in the complex interaction of the doctor and parents.

Special types of therapy, medicia treatment And adult assistance will help you save the baby from the nervous disorder.

The child will stop experiencing timidity and constraint, will become more active and cheerful.

The work of parents in this issue is very important. It is necessary to ensure a comfortable environment for a child, find out the causes of nervous disruptions.

The child clamped into the strict framework framework should get his share of independence. Do not control each pitch of the baby. Each mother must properly arrange priorities in time.

You can distinguish a certain hour or two per day when it fully focuses on communicating with your child.

The duty of each parent is the upbringing of a normal, psychologically healthy child. The harmonious and calm atmosphere will allow you to grow from the kid of a person with a healthy nervous system.

Crisis in children

Problems in communicating adults and children arise in certain periods when children's psyche is most susceptible to negative influence.

4 periods of crisis are distinguished:

1. From 1 to one and a half years.

A small person is not able to combine his desires and opportunities.

2. From 2.5 to 3 years.

The manifestation of excessive independence in a child, with which he cannot cope, because of its age.

3. From 6 to 7 years.

This period is closely related to the campaign for the first time to school. Understanding the difficult state of the child, patience and attention of parents will help to handle the baby with the first steps in adulthood.

4. After 10 years.

There are a period of adolescence associated with youthful maximalism. A clear desire to divide the whole world on "good" and "bad."

From parents will require extreme honesty in communication, respect for little man and patience.

There is no clear separation of crisis in age. In each case, the child develops individually. Those or other actions appear at different times.

"Difficult" children

In certain life situations, obedient children turn into capricious little tyrants.

Do you manage to stay calm during the punishment of the child?

NotYes

Smooth and calm adult tone, even when punished a child, is of great importance.

With your example, you can convince the baby to do the way right.

The words "do the way I say" is not effective for children. The behavior of crumbs is always a reflection of parents' behavior.

It is important to speak them so that the baby learns.

When monitoring their behavior and regular analysis of disobedience situations, parents can easily cope with the raising of children.

Dr. Komarovsky on naughty children

According to the famous Dr. Komarovsky, the correct and increhensive behavior of adults, the sequence and their principle, allows you to correct even the most disobedient and noisy child.

Standingly withstanding children's tantrums, and not succumbing to the manipulation, the baby will soon understand that he will not be able to achieve anything.

Parenting children is difficult processrequiring full return from all family members. Competent and confidential construction of relationships, calm and patience of parents will allow to re-educate even the most disobedient and irritable baby.

Reading time: 3 min

Mental disorders in children arise due to special factors provoking violations of the development of a children's psyche. The mental health of children is so vulnerable that clinical pronounced manifestations and their reversibility depend on the age of the baby and the duration of exposure to special factors.

The decision to advise the child from a psychotherapist, as a rule, the parents are not easy. In understanding of the parents, this means recognizing suspicions for the presence of neuropsychiatric disorders. Many adults scares the setting of the baby for accounting, as well as related limited forms of education, and in the future a limited choice of profession. For this reason, parents often try not to notice the peculiarities of behavior, development, oddities, which are usually manifestations of mental disorders in children.

If parents tend to believe that the child should be treated, then at first, as a rule, attempts are made in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, home remedies or advice of acquaintances. After unsuccessful independent attempts in improving the sibling condition, parents decide to seek qualified help. Addressing for the first time to a psychiatrist or a doctor-psychotherapist Parents, often try to make anonymously, unofficially.

Responsible adults should not hide from problems and when recognizing early signs of neuropsychiatric disorders in children, to see the doctor in a timely manner and after being followed by its recommendations. Each parent must have the necessary knowledge in the field of neurotic disorders to prevent deviations in the development of its child and, if necessary, ask for help at the first signs of disorder, as issues that concern the mental health of the kids are too serious. It is unacceptable to experiment in treatment on their own, so you should contact specialists for advice on time.

Often parents write off mental disorders in children at age, implying that the child is still small and does not understand what happens to him. Often this condition is perceived as the usual manifestation of whims, but modern specialists claim that mental disorders are very noticeable with a naked eye. Often these deviations are reflected negatively on the social capabilities of the baby and its development. With timely handling for help you can completely cure some disorders. When suspicious symptoms are found at the child early stages, You can prevent difficult consequences.

Mental disorders in children are divided into 4 classes:

• delays in development;
• early childhood;
• attention deficit syndrome.

Causes of mental disorders in children

The emergence of mental disorders can be called different reasons. Doctors argue that all sorts of factors can affect their development: psychological, biological, sociopsychological.

The provoking factors are: genetic predisposition to mental diseases, incompatibility of the type of parent and child temperament, limited intelligence, brain lesions, family problems, conflicts trauming event psyche. Last value is family education.

Mental disorders in children of the younger school age Often arise due to parental divorce. It is often increasing the chance of mental disorders in children from incomplete families, or, if one of the parents has a history of any mental illness. To determine what kind of type, assistance must be to the baby, you should accurately determine the cause of the problem.

Symptoms of mental disorders in children

Data disorders in the kid are diagnosed by the following symptoms:

• ticks, obsession syndrome;
• ignoring established rules;
• without visible reasons, a often changing mood;
• decline in interest in active games;
• slow and unusual television;
• deviations associated with impaired thinking;

Periods of the greatest exposure to mental and nervous disorders occur on age crises that cover the following age periods: 3-4 years, 5-7 years, 12-18 years. It is obvious that teenage and childhood It is a suitable time for the development of psychogencies.

Mental disorders in children under year are due to the existence of a limited range of negative and positive needs (signals) that kids must satisfy: pain, hunger, sleep, the need for natural needs.

All these needs are vital and cannot be not satisfied, so than the pedantic parents comply with the regime, the faster there is a positive stereotype. The dissatisfaction of one of the need can lead to a psychogenic occasion and the more violations are noted, the hardest deprivation. In other words, the reaction of the baby up to the year is due to the motives to satisfy the instincts and, of course, in the first of all it is an instinct of self-preservation.

Mental disorders in children 2 years old are noted if the mother retains an excessive connection with the child, thereby contributing to the infantilization and braking of its development. Such parent attempts, creating obstacles on the path of self-affirmation of the baby, are able to lead to frustrations, as well as elementary psychogenic reactions. When preserving the feeling of super-dependence on the mother, the passivity of the child is developing. Such behavior with additional stress is capable of accepting pathological natureIt often happens in children of uncertain and feasible.

Mental disorders in children have 3 years old find themselves in capriciousness, disobedience, vulnerability, increase fatigue, irritability. Purchase the growing activity of the baby at the age of 3 years must be carefully, since it is thus you can contribute to a deficiency of communication and a deficiency of emotional contact. The deficiency of emotional contact is capable of leading to (closets), speech disorders (speech delay, refusal to communicate or speech contact).

Mental disorders in children are 4 years old manifest themselves in stubbornness, in protest against the power of adults, in psychogenic disruptions. Internal tensions, discomfort, deprivation sensitivity (restriction), which causes.

The first neurotic manifestations in children of 4 years are found in behavioral reactions of failure and protest. Quite minor negative effects to disrupt the mental equilibrium of the baby. Kroch is able to respond to pathological situations, negative events.

Mental disorders in children are 5 years old at the advance of the mental development of peers, especially if the interests of the kid acquire one-sided orientation. The reason for the appeal for help to the psychiatrist should be the loss of the baby acquired skills acquired, for example, for example: the vocabulary is aimless, the vocabulary becomes unclear, it becomes unclear, stops role-playing games, communicates a little.

Mental disorders in children of 7 years are associated with the preparation and admission to school. The instability of the mental equilibrium, the fragility of the nervous system, the readiness for psychogenic disorders may be present in children of 7 years. The basis for these manifestations is a tendency to psychosomatic asthenization (disorders of appetite, sleep, fatigue, dizziness, reduced performance, tendency to fears) and overwork.

Classes at school then become the cause of neurosis when the requirements for the child do not correspond to its capabilities and it is lagging behind school subjects.

Mental disorders in children 12-18 years old are manifested in the following features:

A tendency to sharp fluctuations in mood, anxiety, melancholy, anxiety, negativism, impulsiveness, conflict, aggressiveness, contradiction of feelings;

Sensitivity to the assessment by other of its strength, appearance, abilities, abilities, excessive self-confidence, excessive criticality, disregard for adult judgments;

The combination of sensitivity with coat, irritability with painful shyness, the desire for recognition with independence;

Refusal to the generally accepted rules and deification of random idols, as well as sensual fantasy with dry wise;

Schizoide and cycloid;

The desire for philosophical generalizations, a tendency to the extreme positions, the internal contradictions of the psyche, the egocentrism of youth thinking, the uncertainty of the level of claims, the theoretization, maximalism in estimates, the variety of experiences associated with the awakening sexual activation;

Infection of guardianship, unmotivated mood fluctuations.

Often protest adolescent grows into ridiculous opposition and meaningless stubbornness to any reasonable advice. Developed self-confidence and arrogance.

Signs of mental disorder in children

The probability of the emergence of mental disorders in children in various age periods will differ. Given that mental development in children is unevenly carried out, then in certain periods it becomes disharmonic: some functions are formed faster than others.

Signs of mental disorder in children may detect themselves in the following manifestations:

The feeling of closure and deep sadness, continued more than 2-3 weeks;

Attempts to kill ourselves or harm;

All-consuming fear is accompanied by rapid breathing and strong heartbeat;

Participation in numerous fights, the use of weapons with the desire to harm someone;

Uncontrolled, cruel behavior, harm, both yourself and others;

Failure to eat, use of laxatives or eating food in order to lose weight;

Severe alarms that interfere with ordinary activity;

Difficulties with the concentration of attention, as well as the inability to stop in place, which represents physical danger;

Drinking alcohol or drug;

Strong differences in the mood leading to problems in relationships;

Changes in behavior.

Based on only these signs, it is difficult to establish an accurate diagnosis, so parents should, finding the above manifestations to refer to the psychotherapist. These features do not necessarily have to manifest themselves in kids who have mental deviations.

Treatment of mental problems in children

For help in choosing a method of treatment, contact a children's psychiatrist or psychotherapist. Most disorders need long-term treatment. For the treatment of small patients, the same drugs are used as for adults, but in smaller doses.

How to treat mental disorders in children? Effective in the treatment of antipsychotics, anti-leaving drugs, antidepressants, various stimulants and mood stabilizers. Great importance Has: Parental attention and love. Parents cannot be left without attention to the first signs of disorders developing in a child.

With the manifestations of incomprehensible symptoms in the behavior of the child, you can get advisory assistance for exciting issues from children's psychologists.

Doctor of the Medical and Psychological Center "Psomed"

The information presented in this article is intended solely for familiarization and cannot replace professional advice and qualified medical care. With the slightest suspicion of mental disorder In a child, you will definitely consult your doctor!

Nervous disorders in children in modern world There are more and more often. This is due to various factors: large loads that children receive in educational institutions, insufficient relationship with parents who are busy at work, high planks that society puts. It is important to recognize the alarming signs on time and start working with the child. Otherwise, it can lead to serious issues with the psyche in the future.

Nervous diseases can manifest themselves at any age, but increased risk accounts for periods of age crises:

• 3-4 years;
• 6-7 years;
• 13-18 years old.

In the younger age, the child can not always tell me that it bothers him. During this period, parents should alert such uncharacteristic signs as:

• Frequent whims and irritability state;
• Fast fatiguability;
• Increased emotionality and vulnerability;
• Stubbornness and protests;
• Feeling of constant tension and discomfort;
• Closedness.

The child can start experiencing difficulties with speech, even if before that time he had a good vocabulary. He can also begin to show interest in some particular direction: to play only with one toy, read only one book, draw the same figures. Moreover, his games become a real reality for him, so parents can notice how much the child is passionate about that time. He can fantasize a lot and really believe in his fantasy. With similar symptoms, it is recommended to undergo psychological diagnostics from a children's psychologist, especially important it will be done a year before the school.

When a child attends school, he can additionally manifest such signs as:

• Decline in appetite;
• Sleep disturbance;
• Dizziness;
• Frequent overwork.

It is difficult for the child to concentrate and exercise mental activity to the fullest.

Symptoms of nervous disorder in adolescent children are of the most serious character. Unstable psyche in this period leads to the fact that they can be observed:

• Impulsiveness. Even little things can bring them out of themselves;
• Sense of constant anxiety and fear;
• Fear of surrounding people;
• Hate yourself. Often, teenagers experience hostility to their own appearance;
• Frequent insomnia;
• Hallucinations.

Of the physiological manifestations, strong headaches, impaired pressure, signs of asthma, and so on may be occurring. The worst thing that in the absence of timely treatmentThe impaired psyche may cause suicidal thoughts.

Nervous psychic disorders in children can have different roots. In some cases, this has a genetic predisposition, but not always.

Provoke disorder can:

• Child diseases leading to the dysfunction of the vegetative nervous system;
• Diseases of a child affecting a brain;
• Mother's disease during pregnancy;
• Emotional state of mother during pregnancy;
• Family problems: conflicts between parents, divorce;
• Too big requirements for the child in the process of upbringing.

The last reason may seem controversial, because education is an integral part of the formation of a child. In this case, it is important that the requirements of parents are adequate and carried out in moderation. When the parents ask too much from the child, they are trying to find a reflection of their unrealized potential in it and, moreover, put on it, taking too high strips, the result becomes only worse. The kid experiences depression that directly leads to the development of disorders in the nervous system.

A very important factor that may cause problems with the psyche in a child is the inconsistency of the emotional temperament of his and mother. This may be expressed as in the lack of attention and in its re-free. Sometimes a woman can note the lack of emotional relationship with the child, it provides all the necessary care activities: feed, bathe, stacks to sleep, but does not want to once again hug him or smile to him. But also excessive parental careek in relation to the child is not the best wayShe also carries the risk of the formation of an unstable neuropheycal state of the child.

The presence of phobia can also suggest parents about the possible problems of the nervous state of the child.

Types of neurosis in childhood

Neurosis in a child, as in an adult, is divided into several types depending on the available symptoms. Disorders of the nervous system in children may have the following forms:

• Nervous tick. It is often found and expressed in the form of involuntary movements of body parts: cheeks, eye eyelid, shoulder, hand brushes. The child cannot control them, while they arise during its exciting or intense state. Nervous tick disappears when a child is very passionate about;
• Stuttering. A small patient begins to experience difficulties with a speech due to the convulsion of the muscles responsible for this activity. Stuttering is particularly enhanced in the period of excitement or in the presence of an external stimulus;
• Asthenic neurosis. The cause of this type of illness is a large amount of load, which falls on the psyche of the child. As a result, he may suffer from frequent and sharp jumps of mood, increased irritability and capriciousness, lack of appetite and feeling of nausea;
• Intrusive neurosis. It can be expressed as in constantly emerging thoughs of anxious or frightening character and in frequently repetitive movements. The child can swing, thrust his head, moving his hands, scratching his head.
• Anxiety neurosis. Children only know the world around them, so some things may scare them, sometimes developing a real phobia in them. Most often, fears are in the dark, loud sounds, altitude, unfamiliar people;
• Neurosis sleep. It's hard to fall asleep to the child and he often suffers from nightmares. All this leads to the fact that the kid does not fall out and constantly feels fatigue;
• Hysteria. It arises against the background of any emotional experience. The child cannot cope with his feelings and is trying to attract the attention of those surrounding loudly crying, lying on the floor, spreading items;
• Enuresis. In this case, neurosis is expressed in urinary incontinence. But it is important to take into account that this phenomenon until the child has been achieved by a child of 4-5 years of age, may not be informative in the diagnosis of mental disorders;
• Food behavior. Children often express increased election in food. But if this feature appeared unexpectedly, it is worth paying attention to him. Perhaps he was preceded by a violation in the psyche of the child. Excessive food intake can also speak not only about the risk of excess weight, but also the presence of neurosis;
• Nervous allergy. It is characterized by the fact that it is very difficult to determine the source of the body's reaction.

Depending on the state of the child, it can experience signs of several types of neurosis, for example, a breakdown of sleep and obsessive thoughts.

Who to contact

If there are signs of psychological and nervous violations in a child, parents should seek help for the doctor. First of all, it is worth visiting the neurologist. It is he who can determine what reason lies in the changed behavior of the child and whether there is a need for medicinal therapy.

The next step will be a visit to the psychotherapist. In some cases, consultation will be needed and parents, because the tense relations between them become not rarely the cause of child neuralgic disorders. In this case, a family psychologist who will work with all family members can help deal with the problem.

Treatment

Treatment in each case is selected individually. It may include measures one or several of several ways: reception of drugs, psychological assistance, additional procedures.

Preparations

Medical therapy is not always treated. The doctor must be based on the results of the diagnosis, the need medicines. If the child really needs them, he may be shown:

• Soothing. Most of them have vegetable origin, so do not harm children's body. Their action is reduced to a decrease in the emotional tension of the child. They also contribute to sleep normalization;
• Preparations that improve blood circulation in the brain area. Such drugs have favorably affect the state of the vessels, expanding and providing their nutrition;
• Antipsychotic medicines. Necessary to get rid of the child from obsessive fears and increased anxiety;
• Tranquilizers. They also belong to the group of sedative drugs, but have a more pronounced effect. Eliminate emotional tensions, relevant effect. Sleep, as a rule, becomes deeper and strong;
• Calcess-containing complexes. They fill the lack of this element in the child's body, which has a positive effect on the state of its nervous system and brain.

What kind of drug is needed by a child, and in which dosage, only the attending physician determines. Otherwise, the state may worse side effects from taking medication.

Family psychotherapy

A visit to the children's psychologist is the basis for the treatment of most nervous disorders in the child. At the reception, the specialist tries to figure out the patient that it bothers him, scares or makes nervous. In this case, the psychologist must establish the most confident contact with the child. If there is a need, then work is carried out with parents.

In addition to working with the inner world of the child, it is important and creating conditions for its livelihoods. It must have a normalized routine of the day, a full sleep for at least 8 hours a day, healthy nutrition, as well as balanced labor and recreation.

ethnoscience

All folk remedies aimed at eliminating the signs of nervous disorder in the child are to receive herbal tools that have a soothing effect. The most popular methods are considered:

• Motherboard tincture. Dry grass is brewed with boiling water and filter through the gauze. Take such a means of 1-2 teaspoon 3 times a day. Children under 7 years old are not recommended;
• Tincture from Valerian. In this case, the crushed root of the plant is poured boiling water. Remedy drink 1 teaspoon 3-4 times a day;
• Broth chamomile. Dry flowers are brewed with boiling water, and then insist 3 hours. This decoction can be drunk even to infants. If there are neurological disorders, the child is recommended to drink up to 150 ml per day.

It is important to draw attention to the fact that herbs can cause allergic reactionsTherefore, it is worth pre-convicted in the lack of their intolerance to the child.

Prevention

Prevention of nervous disorders is important not only for children who have already encountered this problem. Each parent must realize that the psyche of the child is not so formed as in an adult, therefore, it is susceptible to various destabilizing factors.

In order to prevent the occurrence of neurological disorders in a child, it is important to comply with the following measures:

• Listen to his emotions. It is important not to miss a moment when it needs support or simple attention;
• Evaluate the emotional potential of the child. Much attention is not always the best solution. Children should also have their own personal space;
• Talk to him. Do not be afraid to tell the child about your feelings and thoughts. And, of course, it is important to teach him to give feedback;
• To establish confidence. The child should know that parents are always ready to listen to him and take it, even if he has accomplished a lack;
• Create conditions for disclosing its potential. If the child has a drawing to draw, then you should not forbid him to do this case, motivating the fact that, for example, sport is more interesting lesson.

In general, parents simply need to learn to love and understand their child, and no matter how many years old, 1 year or 18. If it is difficult to do it yourself, then you can seek help from psychological books, seminars or directly to specialists in this area.