Sugar does not go down after an insulin shot. Sugar does not decrease with insulin

Sugar does not go down after a shot of insulin. Sugar does not decrease with insulin

23.08.2019 Sport

Sometimes diabetics are faced with a phenomenon when insulin does not lower sugar. The reasons are very different - the wrong dose, the storage of the medicine, chronic overdose (the Somoji effect). It is necessary to understand in detail why the hormone does not help, since with low insulin, hyperglycemic coma may develop.

Why doesn't the hormone lower sugar?

An accurately calculated dose of insulin is not a guarantee that the drug will work.
Individuals with type 1 diabetes can reduce their risk of developing the disease if they maintain normal level blood sugar and if they quit smoking. You must observe the following rules: cure your hands by washing and then dry them; Check the expiration date of the test strips before using the meter; clean the device; use a large drop of blood; check the calibration of the instrument; the wounded area will not be disinfected with alcohol.

A diabetic's diet should be personalized according to age, gender, physical activity, dietary habits and possible associated medical conditions. The following rules must be observed: 5-6 units. Small amounts per day; dinner will be two hours before bedtime; avoiding sugar and sugar-rich fruits; the use of artificial sweeteners; cereals, bread, pasta and potatoes are consumed as little as possible; eating cheese at every meal; remove as much prairie meat as possible and consume mostly barbecue; we recommend eating fruits and vegetables; alcohol will be consumed in moderation and never on an empty stomach because you risk a sudden drop in blood sugar.

The effect of the injected hormone can be influenced by many factors:

Failure to comply with the intervals between drug administration.
Mixing insulin from different manufacturers in one syringe.
Introduction of an expired drug.
Using a medicine that has been stored improperly or after freezing.
The injection is not subcutaneously, but intramuscularly.
When wiping the injection site with alcohol. The effect of the drug is leveled by interaction with alcohol.

How is drug resistance manifested?

If all the rules are followed and insulin does not lower blood sugar levels, metabolic syndrome or drug resistance may develop. Signs indicating resistance:

The exercise should include a 10-minute warm-up period followed by a 10-minute muscle warming. Exercise can be: running, cycling, swimming. The exercises end with cool exercises like the ones we did in the beginning. These exercises are performed at least 5 times a week. Fluid will be consumed two hours before training. If the physical effort is too much, the sweets will be quickly consumed.

Serious complications of diabetes are: cardiovascular disease: people with diabetes have a double risk of heart attack or stroke. This is because diabetes accelerates fat loss by blood vessels. eye diseases: Many diabetic patients report visual impairment. He can go to complete loss of vision. Kidney Disease: Diabetic nephropathy means kidney disease due to diabetes. Diabetic foot: refers to all changes in the leg caused by diabetes. In the most advanced stages, diabetic gangrene is achieved.

Protein in the urine indicates that the kidneys cannot cope with the increased stress.

kidney pathology develops, as evidenced by the protein in the urine analysis;
high blood sugar on an empty stomach;
weight gain;
fragility of the vascular walls, thrombus formation and atherosclerosis;
imbalance of "bad" and "good" cholesterol.

With resistance, insulin does not work due to the inability of cells to fully perceive the administered drug. High sugar accumulates, and the pancreas produces increased amount hormone. As a result, high sugar and insulin levels, which are often characteristic of type 2 diabetes. Other reasons for this phenomenon:

Fructose dramatically affects the liver

Unlike the diet of our ancestors, the "modern" diet is saturated with sugar. We find it everywhere, from bread to pickles. According to research, 150 calories of sugar a day increases the risk of diabetes by 1.1%. Sugar is made up of two molecules: glucose and fructose.

Glucose can be metabolized by every cell in the body, and if we don't have it in our diet, the body makes it alone. Fructose, on the other hand, is different. The only organ that can metabolize fructose is the liver, the only one that "knows" how to carry it.

polycystic ovary disease;
elevated level "Bad" cholesterol;
pathology of blood vessels and heart;
hypertension;
obesity.

The mechanism of Somozhdi's syndrome

Somoji syndrome occurs with chronic drug overdose. Symptoms of the syndrome:

ketone bodies appear in the urine;
with an increase in the daily dose of the drug, the condition improves;
the glucose index decreases with the flu due to the increased need for the hormone during the illness;
sharp changes in glucose values \u200b\u200bin one day;
the patient is constantly hungry, body weight increases;
frequent attacks of hypoglycemia.

If insulin does not help, the patient will first increase the dose. Before doing this, it is important to understand the ratio of rest and wakefulness, the intensity of the load, and analyze the diet. If glucose does not fall, it is constantly increased even on an empty stomach, there is no need to rush to adjust the dose. Perhaps this is the norm for the body, and a decrease in the injected drug will lead to Somoji syndrome.

Athletes and very active people may consume a little more fructose because their liver will convert fructose into glycogen, the liver's form of glucose storage. However, when a person's liver is already full of glycogen, fructose is converted to fat. Some of the fat travels to the bloodstream as triglycerides, while some remains in the liver, leading to fatty liver over time.

At the same time, your liver becomes insulin resistant. This leads to a significant increase in insulin levels throughout the body, which can lead to obesity, metabolic syndrome and many other diseases. In addition, consumption of fructose-sweetened drinks results in visceral fat and reduces insulin sensitivity.

Nightly measurements of glucose levels at regular intervals will help identify an overdose of the hormone.

To identify a chronic overdose, it is necessary to take nighttime glucose measurements at regular intervals, for example, at 3 o'clock. Hypoglycemia occurs 2 hours after midnight. The need for the hormone drops to a minimum. After the introduction of a medium-acting drug 3 hours before midnight, the maximum effect of the drug is observed.

Glucose-fructose syrup, much worse than sugar

In the worst case scenario, the pancreas becomes unable to secrete enough insulin to send glucose into cells. And at this point, the blood sugar level will rise significantly, and, most likely, the diagnosis of diabetes will occur. It is actually a high fructose corn syrup. Fructose glucose syrup has been shown to lead to obesity, heart disease, diabetes, and liver steatof. Recent research has shown that glucose-fructose syrup acts on an area of \u200b\u200bthe brain that regulates appetite, leading to over-eating and then fattening.

If the patient has Somoji syndrome, glucose is stable at the beginning of the night, gradually drops by the third hour of the night, and rises rapidly by morning.

Diabetes mellitus is very dangerous disease, and it is terrible with various complications, mainly of a vascular nature: micro- and macroangiopathy (kidney, retina, brain, heart, lower limbs) leads to disability and death of many millions of people every year. Therefore, it is very important to prevent the development of these complications in patients. Reducing and controlling the amount of glucose in the blood is a priority when treating diabetes... How to reduce sugar with medication and folk methods?

Is fructose fructose harmful?

Fructose is metabolized differently than sugar, resulting in less insulin from the body than glucose. Fructose is harmful in the context of excess calories. If we eat small amounts and we are in a calorie deficit, fructose is not harmful. Fruits are real foods with low energy density, plenty of water and fiber. It is almost impossible to overcome the fructose limit by eating whole fruits.

There are some situations where cutting back on fruit might be a good idea. If you are a diabetic, carbohydrate sensitive, or ketogenic diet, you should avoid fruits as much as possible, with the exception of berries. Otherwise, all fruits have not been shown to be harmful.

One of the signs for diagnosing diabetes is hyperglycemia. This is an elevated blood glucose level.

Criteria for evaluating hyperglycemia

Blood sugar is usually assessed by measuring plasma or whole blood glucose before meals (on an empty stomach). The range of 3.3-5.5 mmol / L is adequate for this indicator.

My recommendation is to give up sugar all the time and watch the food labels you buy. If you have more than 5 ingredients, don't buy 🙂. Instead of repeated blood tests and injections throughout the day to monitor blood sugar levels, single dose "Smart" insulin will circulate through the body and will be activated when needed. Animal studies show that the technology is functional, at least in the case of mice.

Experts warn, however, that years of testing will be required before treatment becomes a reality for patients. Without these injections, blood sugar levels can be very high. high levels... Diabetes experts have long sought ways to make glucose control easier and more accessible to patients, but smart insulin.

You should also highlight other criteria by which the doctor will prescribe therapy to lower glycemic levels.

Postprandial hyperglycemia is an increase in glucose levels up to 10 mmol / L or more after the usual average food intake. At this point, researchers believe that patients with target pre-meal glucose levels and glycated hemoglobin postprandial and latent hyperglycemia can be observed, so they need no less careful diagnosis.
Glycated hemoglobin is an indicator that reflects the percentage of hemoglobin combined with glucose. Shows the average blood glucose level for the last three to four months.

According to these three signs, compensated, subcompensated and decompensated hyperglycemia are distinguished.

Researchers are developing several different types "Smart" insulin, but they are all designed to be activated when blood glucose is too high and deactivated when blood sugar returns to normal. Dr. Danny Chow of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology is testing the kind of intelligent insulin he developed in a laboratory with his colleagues. It is a long acting, chemically modified version of regular insulin.

Zhou's variant contains an extra set of molecules glued to the end that binds insulin to proteins circulating in the blood. As long as it is attached to blood proteins, insulin is deactivated. When your blood sugar rises, intelligent insulin is activated - glucose binds to insulin and makes it work.

For compensated hyperglycemia, the criteria are indicators: glycosylated hemoglobin 6-7%. Fasting glycemia 6-6.5 millimol / liter. Postprandial glycemia up to 8 millimol / liter.

For subcompensated hyperglycemia: glycosylated hemoglobin 7-7.5%. Fasting plasma glucose levels are 6.5-7.5 millimol / liter. Glycemia after meals is 8-11 millimol / liter.

My goal is to make life easier and safer for diabetics. This is an important step forward in insulin therapy, said researcher Danny Chow. Too high a dose of insulin can lower blood sugar levels, which means hypoglycemia and too little insulin means hyperglycemia, which can seriously affect long-term health, said Karen Addington, spokeswoman for the Juvenile Research Foundation, which funds insulin intelligence exploration. It's very interesting, ”said Karen Addington.

Quoting can be done within 250 characters. Insulin injections are essential to treat diabetes. In fact, they are vital, and in their absence, diabetic patients can fall into a coma and even die. However, just as beneficial these insulin injections are, there are so many side effects that can use them.

For decompensated hyperglycemia: glycosylated hemoglobin is greater than 7.5 percent. Fasting glycemia\u003e 7.5 millimol / liter. Postprandial glycemia\u003e 11.1 millimol / liter.

Hyperglycemia should not be reduced lightly. Such actions can lead to hypoglycemia. Consider medicated and non-medicated methods that lower blood sugar levels.

Here are some of the most common side effects of insulin injections. This means sweating, nausea and an increased breathing rate can be felt. This side effect is common in patients requiring regular injections. People who have been injecting insulin for years can cause skin allergies such as itching and swelling. Thus, metabolic changes occur in the brain and seizures can sometimes occur.

Seizures are rare symptoms and should only be treated by a doctor. Hypoglycemia is another side effect after insulin injections. If too much insulin is injected into the body, a decrease in blood pressurewhich causes headaches, drowsiness and weakness.

Proper nutrition

A special diet is mandatory for patients, regardless of the hypoglycemic therapy.

The main dietary rules for diabetes

Balanced six meals a day in small portions.
Compulsory consumption of complex carbohydrates (cereals, fruits, vegetables), high in fiber (20-40 g per day). The role of fiber in diabetes mellitus therapy is great: it helps to reduce appetite, lower glucose levels (since it is a complex carbohydrate), and reduce cholesterol levels.
Elimination or reduction to a minimum of the consumption of fast-acting carbohydrates (sugar, fructose, white bread, potatoes, honey, rice, chocolate, candy, soda). Accounting for carbohydrates consumed per day.
Allowed to eat meat, vegetables, cheeses, nuts, dark chocolate, bran bread, juices without sugar. The use of fried foods and alcohol is limited.
Decreased intake of saturated fat. Eating fish as a source of unsaturated fatty acids (not processed foods).
Reducing salt intake to 3 g / day, since diabetes increases the risk of arterial hypertension, the development of kidney disease (diabetic nephropathy).
Moderate use of sweeteners (xylitol, sorbitol).

In addition to diet, an acceptable level of physical activity is very important. The diet should be prescribed by a doctor!

In this situation, the patient will often urinate, he will feel dehydrated and sank, but also very dizzy. If you want to keep your diabetes under control and avoid getting insulin injections into your emergency situations, it is advisable to pay close attention to sugar consumption. You also need to be aware that artificial sweeteners are quite dangerous and should be avoided.

Another important thing is to remember to inject your insulin 30 minutes before meals.
The best injection sites are the arms, thighs, and abdomen.

If you don't sincerely believe that your interest in sugar is an addiction, reading this article is not even useless.

Drug therapy

There are two stages in the treatment of diabetes: before the 20th century and after. Until the early twentieth century, the diagnosis of diabetes was almost a death sentence. The forecast averaged 3-5 years. But the last 100+ years have been a real breakthrough in the treatment of this disease. Consider modern drugs for the treatment of diabetes.

Because if you're just a cute bad habit, it's no easier than accepting and giving up, is it? Just take and do not eat sugar spoons, do not put them in coffee, do not eat sweets, and so on. However, if you cannot "go and go," then you have to admit that you are addicted to sugar, which means that you will have to deal with it in the same way as you would with addiction to smoking or alcohol.

To be honest, fruit is a little different from sugar in sugar. Of course, fructose is better than glucose because it gives you both fiber and vitamins. However, this does not reduce the risk of a fetus in a person looking to get rid of sugar. Therefore, fruits can only be eaten with nuts or seeds, because they help mitigate the "insulin shock". The rule is that the more fruit there is in the water, the less sugar, so oranges are better than bananas in this regard. Oranges in general are some of the best fruits.

For the treatment of type 1 diabetes, the gold standard is diet therapy and intensified insulin therapy with a target glycated hemoglobin level of no more than seven percent.

Therapy for type II diabetes is usually combined. But for each patient, the doctor makes up the treatment individually, this is due to the duration of diabetes, the patient's age, the compensatory capacity of the body to many other factors.

These are the people who heal herbs. Believe it or not, the problem is solely that it is based on non-science. Therefore, any advice on how to get rid of people who are believed to be giving herbs to sugar should be viewed with skepticism. There are no magic herbs to help you get rid of the sugar hobby. At least for science, they are not known. If science knew them, the world would not have been obese for a long time.

Some alcohol contains higher sugar than others, but it is present in all alcohol. Sugar seems to be more than just pure perfume, but we really don't recommend drinking it. Alcohol is not recommended at all - it is unhealthy and contains sugar.

Insulins

Insulin is a pancreatic hormone, the lack of which or resistance (immunity) of body tissues to it is the etiological factor in the development of diabetes mellitus.

How does it work? By binding to cellular receptors, it starts a chain of reactions, and, on the one hand, kind of "drives" glucose into the tissue, and, on the other hand, prevents the formation of endogenous glucose in the body.

Classification

Origin:

pork;
bullish (almost never used);
human;
analogs of the human.

By duration:

ultrashort;
short action;
medium duration;
prolonged;
combined.

At the moment, the preference is given to porcine, monopic, highly purified and DNA recombinant insulin.

Route of administration: usually, in addition to critical conditions, insulin at room temperature is injected subcutaneously.

Drugs

Ultra-short insulins: the effect appears after a quarter of an hour, the maximum effect develops after 1-2 hours, and the effect lasts an average of 4 hours. Introduction before a meal or immediately after it. Example: Apidra (insulin glulisine), Novorapid Penfill, Humalog.

Short-acting insulins: a decrease in sugar occurs in 30-40 minutes, the maximum effect of the drug occurs in 2-3 hours, and the duration of action is approximately 8 hours. Example: Actrapid NM, Actrapid MS, Munodar, Humodar R.

Insulins of medium duration of action: they provide a decrease in glucose levels within 1.5-2 hours, the maximum effect is realized after 7-8 hours, the duration of action is on average 8-12 hours. The lengthening of the effect is associated with the use of special substances prolonging protamine or zinc. Example: Monodar B, Protophan MS, Biosulin N,

Prolonged-release insulins: the effect appears after 5-7 hours, the peak of action falls on the interval of 8-18 hours after administration, the action of these drugs lasts about a day. Example: Lantus, Levemir FlexPen.

Combined (two-phase): the effect after 30 minutes, the highest concentration after 2-8 hours, lasts about 20 hours. Example: Humodar K25, Gansulin 30R, Mikstard 30NM.

Insulins in combinations: Ryzodeg FlexTouch, Ryzodeg Penfill. The drugs contain short and long acting insulins.

Hypoglycemic synthetic and other drugs

Classification:

meglitinides;
sulfonylurea derivatives;
biguanides;
thiazolidinediones;
alpha glucosidase inhibitors;
incretin-mimetics.

Meglitinids

Example: Repaglinide, Nateglinide.

How do they work? Stimulation of pancreatic cells to synthesize insulin.

Sulfonylurea derivatives

Example: Glibenclamide, Glimepiride, Glipizide.

How do they work? Stimulation of endogenous insulin formation.

Where are they used? Usually, for patients with type II diabetes, without complications requiring immediate insulin administration.

Biguanides

Example: Buformin, Metformin (which is actually the only biguanidine used in the clinic), Phenformin.

How do they work? Strengthening the consumption of glucose by tissues (liver, muscles), inhibition of inactivation of endogenous insulin. Where are they used? Treatment of type II diabetes, the main effect is on postprandial hyperglycemia

Thiazolidinediones

Example: Pioglitazone Rosiglitazone.

How do they work? An increase in the affinity (sensitivity) of tissues to insulin.

Alpha Glycosidase Inhibitors

Example: Acarbose, Miglitol.

How do they work? Reducing the breakdown of large carbohydrates to glucose.

Incretomimetics

Example: Analogs of GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide) -Liraglutide, Exenatide. How do they work? The drugs are artificial proteins, identical to those formed in the initial sections small intestine and providing insulin secretion after glucose stimulation. At the same time, there is a decrease in the synthesis of glucagon (an insulin antagonist hormone) and decreases gastric motility (therefore, food will enter the intestines and blood more slowly).

DPP-4 (dipeptidyl-peptidase-4) blockers

How do they work? DPP-4 is an enzyme that inhibits the action of GLP-1. Consequently, with a decrease in DPP-4, the duration of the action of GLP-1 will increase, and the production of insulin will increase. Examples: Sitagliptin, Vildagliptin, Alogliptin.

Folk remedies

Various sources recommend using various infusions and decoctions to reduce sugar. Examples are: tea made from brewed forest raspberry leaves, plantain juice, the use of bitter plants (wormwood, pepper, tansy, onions) that improve the functioning of the pancreas, bean pod infusion.

Conclusion

Lowering blood sugar is a paramount task for preventing the formidable complications of diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it is necessary to explain to the patient about the need to control the sugar values \u200b\u200bhimself, and if any deviations are found, consult a doctor who will prescribe the correct diet and drug therapy. Also, one should not forget about prevention, and the main areas here will be compliance proper nutrition and optimal physical activity.

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