When installing a pacemaker, the life of many people is divided into “before” and “after”. This important step makes you take a fresh look at your habits, become more conscious. The implantation of the device can provoke the emergence of psychological problems, because the feeling that your health depends on a metal device does not add confidence. However, optimists can find advantages in this - without such an operation, many people could die.

What is a pacemaker

A pacemaker is a sophisticated electronic device that helps your heart beat at the correct rhythm. Among the most common diseases that you can get rid of with it are noted:

• bradycardia - a gradual decrease in the number of heartbeats (up to 45-50 beats / min);
• heart block - a condition in which the atria and ventricles beat independently of each other, creating an irregular rhythm;
• heart failure resulting from the transfer of chronic diseases;
• cardiomyopathy - a heart rhythm disorder;

The procedure for installing an artificial pacemaker does not apply to complex surgical interventions. It is performed under local anesthesia, and the recovery period takes several months.

Connecting a pacemaker to the heart

A pacemaker cannot cure ischemia, angina, or arrhythmia. It is not a panacea for cardiological problems, it would be more correct to call it a helper of the heart. Do not forget an important rule - life with a pacemaker requires caution. Do not allow excitement and outbursts of emotions, so as not to start processes beyond the control of the device.

Rehabilitation period

After implantation, the doctor should take the time to provide advice on the recommended lifestyle.

In the first week, you will gradually get used to the idea that there is a special device in the body that helps the heart to make the correct rhythmic contractions. This postoperative period must be carried out in a hospital. Relatives will be able to visit you, and doctors will observe the dynamics of rehabilitation and tell you about how to continue living with a pacemaker.

In the first month, you need to observe moderation of physical activity and observe the operation site. You should immediately contact ambulance if bloody or purulent discharge from the wound appears, seals have formed, or the stitches have begun to diverge. An alarming symptom is an increase in body temperature.

This time is enough to return to the usual rhythm of life.

Many people ask about the allowable load limits. There is no exact answer, but doctors do not recommend lifting weights over 5 kg.

You should be sensitive to your feelings. If you suddenly feel tired during the usual physical work, it is recommended to stop and rest. You must understand that the heart muscle has not become stronger, so do not abuse fatty and salty foods, alcohol, and follow a healthy diet.

Postoperative lifestyle

Many patients after the installation of the pacemaker do not notice large differences in lifestyle. Even avid athletes can continue to do active physical exercises 2 months after surgery.

Regular examinations by a doctor will be added to the usual routine of life. The cardiologist will need to make the first visit after 3 months after the operation, then every six months.

Restrictions are imposed on the use of electronic devices. In particular, it is not recommended to contact too much with a mobile phone and carry it in a breast pocket. As for the microwave oven, there is also a limitation - it is undesirable to be near a working microwave oven. The other technique can be used as before.

Certain inconveniences faced by patients are associated with the implementation of the customs inspection procedure at the airport. In order to avoid troubles, you can use a special passport of the pacemaker, presenting which, you will get rid of going through the metal detector.

Psychological attitude

A lot depends on the mood of the person - for an optimist, the rehabilitation period will pass without any difficulties. Try to be less nervous, do not overexert yourself, do not dwell on problems. Try to find a new hobby in life, and you will notice that the operation was beneficial, opened up new opportunities.

A person may experience psychological discomfort from the fact that there is a foreign object in his body, but patients get used to this thought rather quickly, realizing that their lifestyle has not undergone drastic changes.

It is impossible to say exactly how long they live with a pacemaker, but improved health is guaranteed. As a rule, the indications for such an operation are critical conditions. However, the complexity of the surgical intervention is minimal, so the procedure can be recommended for pregnant women and the elderly.

The stimulant does not add, but does not take away years of life. It simply helps a tired heart to do its job and removes discomfort. Best of all, rehabilitation takes place in a family atmosphere of love and tranquility.

Heart pathology is extremely common. This is not only angina pectoris, heart attacks, hypertrophy of its departments, but also serious rhythm disturbances that occur even with minimal structural changes in the organ, do not respond well to drug treatment and can lead to death. In such cases, the installation of a pacemaker (pacemaker, CS, EKS) is the only way to preserve both the health and the life of the patient.

Various kinds of arrhythmias lead to a disruption in the movement of blood through the chambers of the heart and blood vessels of the body, and a particular danger is bradycardia, blockade, dysfunction of pacemakers, since the absence of impulses will also cause the absence of contractions of the heart chambers, and its complete stop is possible.

Arrhythmias can occur spontaneously, without obvious morphological changes in the heart, and the genetic mechanisms of these abnormalities are not excluded. In some cases, they accompany other pathologies - defects, ischemic disease, cardiomyopathies, etc.

The need to install a pacemaker arises at a critically low heart rate, when the required number of electrical impulses is not supplied to the heart muscle. The indications are determined by the cardiologist after a detailed examination of the patient.

More than 300 thousand devices that stimulate the myocardium are installed in the world every year. Operations are literally "put on stream" in cardiology centers, the staff of which has extensive experience in carrying out these manipulations. After treatment, patients return to their usual life, the manifestations of arrhythmias are eliminated, greatly facilitating their well-being.

The installation of a pacemaker is considered a relatively safe procedure, therefore there are not so many contraindications to it, and despite the seeming simplicity of both the device itself and its implantation, it is very effective and, without exaggeration, saves millions of lives of cardiac patients.

Indications and contraindications for implantation of a pacemaker

Indications for installing a pacemaker are such types of arrhythmias in which the heart rate (HR) is unacceptably low. Rare contractions of the heart, long intervals between them, "loss" of individual heartbeats, low activity of pacemakers create a threat of acute heart failure, the most dangerous consequence of which may be the death of the patient. These phenomena can occur suddenly - at work, at home, on the street, therefore the prevention of complications and the restoration of an acceptable rhythm is the main goal of installing an artificial heart pacemaker.

Indications for surgery can be absolute and relative. The first group includes:

• Severe bradycardia, manifested by a number of signs (fainting, dizziness, syncope);
• Pulse less than 40 heartbeats per minute during exercise;
• Periods of cardiac arrest for 3 seconds or more, recorded on the ECG;
• Persistent AV block, starting from the second degree, especially in combination with the difficulty of conducting through all three bundles of the conducting system, after a heart attack;
• Any type of bradycardia where the heart rate falls below 60 beats per minute.

The latter occurs without anesthesia and incisions by applying a special reading device to the apparatus - a programmer, which allows the doctor to change the set parameters if necessary. The reason for an unscheduled visit to a doctor is:

• Episodes of loss of consciousness, including with stereotypical movements (raising an arm, turning the head)
• The appearance of a rare pulse (less than the minimum set frequency of the device)
• Twitching of the muscles of the stimulator bed with a frequency programmed in the memory of the pacemaker (the cause is a violation of the insulation of the electrodes)
• Impact at the place of installation of the device (fall, deployment of airbags in the car)
• Electric shock

The pacemaker is designed exclusively to correct the patient's rhythm. The functioning of the device in the body does not in any way affect the level and frequency of arrhythmia attacks, which the patient may have had earlier or appeared after the installation.

If the parameters are satisfactory, after the first check, the patient is allowed to sleep in any position, lift up to five kilograms with his left hand, and drive a car. The possibility of returning to work and the terms are determined by the medical commission.

After installing the device in everyday life, you can use all the devices (in good order!): Washing machine, dishwasher, microwave oven, TV, cell and radiotelephone, electric toothbrush, electric shaver, hair clipper, hair dryer and others.

When passing metal detectors in shops, show the patient card with the implanted device. It is not recommended to go through pre-flight control devices at the airport (show your patient card).

All sports are allowed, with the exception of weight lifting; team games with caution (it is necessary to protect the pacemaker from direct shock).

Drinking alcohol and coughing do not affect the functioning of the device.

You can not practice boxing, hand-to-hand fighting and other martial arts, any kind of wrestling, football, rugby, basketball, hockey, skydiving, etc. It is also undesirable to practice shooting.

Exercises on the pectoral muscles using weights are prohibited in the gym.

Use of household appliances, electronics, tools

No risks have been identified with the correct use of the following devices:

1. Fridge.
2. Dishwasher.
3. Electronic balance.
4. Ionizing air filters, air humidifiers, automatic fragrances.
5. Hair curlers and straightening irons.
6. Calculator.
7. Battery operated flashlight, laser pointer.
8. Printer, fax, scanner, copier.
9. Barcode Scanner.

The use of other appliances is also permitted. The only rule is to keep the required distance between the device and the pacemaker.

Read more about the distance in the table.

Minimum distance to pacemaker	List of devices
20 cm	Remote control for TV and other devices, hair dryer, sewing machine, vacuum cleaner, massager, mixer, electric knife, electric shaver, electric toothbrush, control panel on an exercise bike, treadmill, mobile phone, laptop, circular saw, screwdriver, soldering iron, meat grinder, gaming set-top boxes, Wi-Fi routers, modems, bluetooth headsets, radio, music and video players, electric guitar, TV, PC.
31 cm	Ignition system for motorcycles and cars, boat motors, car battery, lawn mower, chainsaw, snow blower, induction hob, microwave oven.
61 cm	Welding equipment up to 160 amperes.

It is forbidden to use or stay closer than 2.5 m from welding equipment over 160 amperes.

Restrictions in professional activity

Contraindicated professions:

• loader;
• electrician;
• electrician;
• welder.

There are no restrictions on working with a computer.

If the pacemaker was installed in connection with severe heart failure, it is possible to assign a disability group 3–2.

Prohibited medical procedures

Patients with installed pacemaker should not undergo:

• MRI (however, there are some models of stimulators that allow you to undergo MRI - check with the doctor who installed the device for you);
• Physiotherapy and cosmetic procedures using electric, magnetic and other types of radiation. These are electrophoresis, diathermy, heating, magnetic therapy, transcutaneous electrical stimulation of nerves, etc. You can check with your doctor for a complete list.
• Ultrasound with the direction of the beam directly to the device.

Before performing any medical or surgical procedure, tell your doctor that you have a pacemaker.

Forecast: service life, efficiency

The warranty period for pacemakers is 3 to 5 years, depending on the manufacturer. The service life for which the device battery is designed is 8–10 years. After the battery is discharged or the device fails, the pacemaker will need to be replaced.

Often, the electrodes to the heart are still in good condition. In such cases, they are not touched, but only the main part of the device is replaced - the generator of electrical impulses. If the device breaks down before the expiration of the warranty period, a free replacement under warranty is possible, unless the device breaks down due to your fault.

A pacemaker is a small device that helps control heart rhythms. The main indication for its installation is a rapid or slow heartbeat, which does not respond to conservative treatment. The device is implanted in, under the right or left clavicle. The electrical impulses sent by the device make the heart beat at a normal pace. What else do you need to know about this device before implanting it?

Types of pacemakers

Temporary. It is established for a certain period until the complete disappearance of ailments. It is used in case of a slowing down of the pulse caused by a heart attack. After the operation, the patient is always in the hospital under the supervision of doctors. Then a decision is made to remove the device or replace it with a permanent one.

Constant. Installed for a long period until replacement is required.

Indications for installing a pacemaker

An artificial pacemaker (pacemaker) is installed for any manifestation of arrhythmia. With this pathology, the frequency of strokes can be high (tachycardia) or low (bradycardia). Such deviations cause a number of symptoms:

• dizziness;
• fatigue;
• frequent loss of consciousness;
• dyspnea.

If medical treatment does not help to correct the pulse rate, then decisions are made about installing a pacemaker.

Besides, a pacemaker is installed when:

• congenital cardiac diseases;
• heart block;
• heart transplant.

Before prescribing an operation, you will need to undergo a series of examinations:

• electrocardiogram (ECG);
• daily (Holter) monitoring. A portable ECG device is attached to the patient's body. After 24-48 hours, the apparatus is removed and the results are decoded;
• ultrasound examination (ultrasound);
• electrophysiological study (EPI). Used to detect the activity of the heart muscle;
• stress test. This makes it possible to identify ailments that manifest themselves only in stressful situations, with physical exertion.

Installing a pacemaker

A pacemaker is a small metal box that contains a battery, a computerized sensor, and wires.

The procedure is performed under local anesthesia. First, the surgeon anesthetizes the place under the collarbone, then punctures the vein through which the electrodes are passed to the heart. When the wires are firmly fixed, the wound is sutured. The operation takes about 30 minutes.

After the procedure, doctors control the pulse and blood pressure. Stay under supervision from a week to a month. The length of the inpatient stay depends on each specific case.

Complications after installing a pacemaker

Stimulator implantation is often well tolerated by patients. But sometimes there are:

• pain at the incision site;
• severe swelling;
• minor bleeding.

Living with a pacemaker

They come for the first examination three months after being discharged from the hospital. The next visit is scheduled in six months. If the state of health does not deteriorate, then further examinations are carried out once a year.

People who have a pacemaker are contraindicated:

• conduct magnetic resonance imaging (MRI);
• be near television towers;
• pass metal detectors in shops, airports;
• do excessive exercise. Swimming is permitted.

Do I need a replacement pacemaker?

The pacemaker is powered by a battery that gradually discharges. Depending on the type of device, the charger can last up to 7 years. Modern devices are programmed in such a way that they turn on only when necessary. With a normal heart rate, the mechanism does not function. This feature of the device helps to extend its service life up to 12 years.

The patient may not worry that the pacemaker will suddenly fail. Violations in the operation of a mini-device usually manifest themselves gradually in the form of a deterioration in general well-being.

If you feel any ailments, immediately consult a doctor. The specialist will conduct an additional test and determine the appropriateness of changing the stimulator.

How much does a pacemaker cost?

The cost of a pacemaker depends on the manufacturer and the year of manufacture. The highest price is for foreign novelties, and the lowest for domestic outdated models. There are three price categories:

1. Most expensive. This group includes imported pacemakers. They are of high quality and many auxiliary functions. You will have to pay about $ 3,500 for the stimulant.

2. Average price. The advantage of modern models of domestic manufacturers is the cost - from $ 800 to $ 1200. The disadvantage is a short service life, which is no more than three years.

3. Cheap. Obsolete samples can be purchased for $ 500. But this is their only advantage.

Medicine does not stand still, new medicines and devices are constantly appearing that can prolong a person's life. Heart disease was incurable for several decades. But now cardiologists have the opportunity not only to "look" into the heart, to see how it works inside, but to make it work. A heart pacemaker has become a real salvation, from doctors, patients are always only positive.

The device seems to give people a "second chance" to live a full life again. The operation is not considered difficult, the time to carry it out takes a few minutes. But do not forget that at first, the first time after the operation, you need to listen to your condition and not overwork. To avoid problems in the future, it is imperative to follow the recommendations of doctors.

An artificial heart pacemaker is a special electronic device. It has a built-in microcircuit that allows you to detect any changes in the work of the heart muscle. Thanks to the device, if necessary, a correction is made.

The device consists of the main elements:

1. Titanium case.
2. Connector block.
3. Electrodes.
4. Programmer.

• battery
• microcircuits

The task of batteries is to generate the energy that is needed to create electrical impulses.

Microcircuits allow not only receiving, but also monitoring electrodynamics.

Using the connector block, the electrodes and the body are connected. Electrodes are placed in the heart muscle, which allows information to be read. Carrying electrical charges help the heart muscle to contract correctly.

The programmer or computer is located in the medical institution where the device was installed. Its role is to set or change the settings of the pacemaker as needed.

Installing the appliance

Many people are interested in how the process of installing the device takes place. considered uncomplicated. The patient is prepared in advance, the necessary examinations are carried out. The process is short-lived.

The essence of the procedure:

• insert a special device into the subcutaneous fatty tissue
• place electrodes in various parts of the heart muscle

The operation takes place under local anesthesia. The following is done:

1. An incision is made in the area of ​​the clavicle.
2. Electrodes are inserted through a thin vein.
3. The device is connected to the heart.

Important! Despite the fact that the procedure is simple, all work on the installation of a pacemaker is carried out using special X-ray equipment.

After installing the device, people's lives change, new requirements appear, and any restrictions arise. But you can get used to everything. We must remember that the heart remains the same and must be protected.

The first days after installing the device

In the early days, you must adhere to the following:

• monitor the postoperative wound to keep it clean and dry
• if the person's condition is good, there are no complications, then on the fifth day you can safely take a shower
• in the first week you can not lift weights
• giving up hard physical work in the house, such as clearing snow

Most people return to work a week after surgery.

We must remember! No matter how good you feel after installing a pacemaker, you must definitely listen to your body. If you feel tired, then you need to postpone business and rest a little.

Life one month after the device was installed

After a month, the person who underwent surgery is allowed. But, there can be no talk of heavy physical exertion. It is allowed to swim, play tennis, golf. Especially useful are walking.

You should visit your doctor regularly. The first appointment after surgery is three months after discharge. The second appointment should be in six months, and then a visit to the doctor should be at least once every six months.

If there is anxiety, discomfort, then a doctor should be consulted immediately.

How to live on after installing a pacemaker. Recommendations

Despite the fact that the device is equipped with special built-in protection against the effects and interference of other electrical devices, you still need to avoid powerful electric fields. Do not be afraid of household appliances such as: microwave oven, tape recorder, vacuum cleaner, refrigerator, computer and the like.

It must be remembered that in order to prevent interference, the devices should be located at a distance of no closer than a decimeter from the area where the cardio device is installed.

There are a number of rules that must be adhered to in everyday life:

1. Do not touch the area where the cardio device is installed to the operating TV.
2. Do not lean against the front of the microwave oven.
3. Stay away from high voltage power lines.
4. Do not stand near the work of welding equipment.
5. Stay away from electric steel furnaces.

Remember not to go through control devices, either at airports or in shops. To avoid trouble, you should always have a cardio device owner card and a passport with you. The card can always be obtained at the hospital.

If it is prescribed such as: radiation therapy, diathermy, magnetic resonance diagnostics, external defibrillation, then first of all you need to inform the doctors that you have a pacemaker installed.

Fluorography, x-rays are not contraindicated. Sometimes an X-ray is prescribed if there is the slightest suspicion of an electrode breakage.

Important! You should not sunbathe in the open rays of the sun. In hot weather, you should always wear cotton clothing on your body.

The battery in the device is designed to last for a decade. When the expiration date comes to an end, the device will beep. The signal will be recorded during a routine examination. The battery will be replaced immediately. Therefore, it is important to visit a doctor on time and regularly.

Pacemakers are not only worn by the elderly. The stories of the three women confirm this: they use these devices to keep their hearts working.

Joan Tuck, 60

“In 1991, when I was 34 years old, when I was diagnosed with supraventricular tachycardia, I received the first pacemaker. First, they implanted a temporary pacemaker, then a permanent one. The disease has had a significant impact on my career and personal life. Due to frequent sick leave, I soon had to leave my job. After the birth of his son, he had to undergo another operation.

Falling asleep, every time I thought: will I wake up in the morning, will I see my children again. All operations were successful, but for many years I got used to the presence of a scar. Many years later, I understand that my problems pale in comparison with those that people with more serious illnesses have to constantly face ”.

Amanda DeIsus, 28

“I was born with a heart defect. When I was 13, doctors diagnosed me with dilated cardiomyopathy. A month later, doctors planned an operation to install a pacemaker to maintain normal heart function. After the operation, I could not go to school for 3 weeks. It was difficult to move, with physical exertion, shortness of breath appeared quite quickly. I remember friends playing outside and getting angry that I couldn't join them.

At the age of 15, I underwent heart transplant surgery, so I no longer needed a pacemaker. I have lived without him for 12 years. But when I was diagnosed with arrhythmia, I again needed an operation to install a new pacemaker. I think it's not such a big price to pay for the opportunity to lead an active lifestyle, which I love so much.

When I was first fitted with a pacemaker many years ago, I felt every day how it was working (like some kind of impulses that it sends to resume a normal heart rhythm). Today, the size of my new implant is smaller - and its performance is much less noticeable. "

Tricia Livingston, 47

“When I was about 8 years old, I complained of feeling dizzy. At first, our pediatrician did not notice anything, but at the age of 13 I had my first episode of supraventricular tachycardia. Finally, my mother and I went to see a pediatric cardiologist who insisted on wearing a Holter monitor to record cardiac activity for 24 hours. As a result, the doctor called my mother and said that I needed to be hospitalized immediately for an operation to install a pacemaker.

Mom wanted to hear a second opinion - and started looking for another doctor. After a whole day of examinations, the second doctor confirmed that I needed a pacemaker.

Only after about 8 weeks I was able to return to my usual way of life, including starting to play tennis again. The stimulant did not "cure" my illness, but it made my life safe.

My first pacemaker was much more than today's devices. I never wanted anyone to see my postoperative scar, so I avoided open swimwear and evening gowns. Seeing the scar, people would ask hundreds of uncomfortable questions.

For 34 years I have had 5 pacemakers. Since my heart beats normally 90% of the time, my pacemakers worked long enough from replacement to replacement. I rarely feel like my pacemaker is “working”. Although, after transplanting a new device, I sometimes feel minor discomfort, which I associate with the usual wound healing process. "

The purpose of the article is educational and informational.

The publication cannot replace personal expert advice.

If you have any health-related questions,

consult your doctor.

There is a legend that the first patient with an implanted pacemaker outlived the developer of the pacemaker. I don’t presume to judge its veracity - here is how to look: the creator of the world's first implantable IVR - Rune Elmqvist - died in 1996 at the age of 90, and his patient Arne Larsson - in 2002, at the age of 86. The technical patient survived the doctor. Nevertheless, Larsson was supplied with the apparatus in 1958, and he died in 2002 - 44 years later. Moreover, they put him not a modern device, but the first, not technically perfect.

Doctors, when asked how long they live with a heart pacemaker, usually answer that the average life expectancy of a patient with a device often exceeds the average life expectancy of a person without a device.

An artificial pacemaker (IVP) reduces the risk of coronary artery disease and cardiac arrest, and eliminates symptoms atrial fibrillation and bradycardia and other diseases. After installing the EKS, a person is more protected from possible complications the development of heart disease, usually accompanying the natural aging process of the body. Moreover, the device is able to save a person's life in conditions of severe hypothermia, when the risk of cardiac arrest sharply increases.

There is no definitive answer to the question of how many years people with heart pacemakers live. At least, the count goes not for years, but for tens of years - if observed (do not stay in strong magnetic or electromagnetic fields for a long time, if possible avoid them altogether; do not engage in contact-traumatic sports and do not swim with scuba diving and some others) people with pacemakers live for decades. ECS is not a limiting factor for life span.

To be honest, the question of how long a person lives with a pacemaker, as well as how safe the operation is, was not for me either during my stay in the hospital (cardio center) or after discharge. The doctors were able to quite lucidly convey the simple idea that it is possible to live with an implanted device for years and decades, not forgetting to regularly appear to check the battery charge of the device. In addition, I witnessed the story of an 80-year-old grandmother who had been with EKS for 14 years and continued to live peacefully with him.

It is much more expedient to ask what is the life span with a pacemaker between battery replacements or the IVR itself (otherwise -). It all depends on the mode of operation of the pacemaker: in rare cases, this period is 3-4 years, although usually the devices are designed to operate for 7 - 8 years (further it is considered that the device is obsolete and needs to be replaced - this is more true for foreign models). It is not uncommon for the lifespan with one pacemaker to be 12-14 years or more. They say that Russian models without frequency adaptation, provided that they do not work in a non-stop mode, can serve up to 30 years!

How long can you live with a pacemaker

So, with one pacemaker between two operations, you can live from 3 - 4 to 30 or more years. For my device personally, the manufacturer sets a service life of 7-8 years. How long is it or not? About 6 - 8 months, a scar is formed and about a year - for the final implantation of the device (in general, the terms are called different - from 3 to 12 months).

How long do you live with a pacemaker after that? About 6 - 7 years, respectively, before replacement (and if you're lucky, and the device will not "spin" without stopping, then 13 - 14). Of course, there are unpleasant situations when the pacemaker does not take root, and you have to change it every 1 - 2 years, but such cases are not common.

How long do people with pacemakers live in general? Subject to the restrictions and monitoring of the patient's health, life expectancy is not limited by anything, including the number of possible IVR replacements.

Initially, the ECS is installed in the left shoulder, then the battery can be replaced, and the device itself, together with the electrodes, will remain in place. A new device instead of the old one can be installed here with new electrodes (if, for example, they were pulled out of the vessels - or if they were surgically removed).

Finally, implantation is possible in another place - in the right shoulder or abdominal cavity... At least the number of repeated surgeries is not limited to 2-3 - a guy with almost a dozen surgeries was lying with me in the ward. This, of course, is not very pleasant, but, in general, not fatal. In total, the answers to the question of how long they live with a pacemaker are as follows:

• the total life expectancy with regular justified replacements is tens of years, in some cases much more than in people without an EKS (prophylactic motives) and in many (if not all the others) - no less;
• the service life of the device, if it has taken root normally (the network calls different percentages of "no consequences" and rejection - usually 92 - 98%), is 7 - 8 years in normal mode, and 3-4 years if the device works "without stopping" (if it functions as insurance, then all 14 - 16 years, and sometimes more than 20).

How long do people with pacemakers live an active life? There are known cases: at the amateur level, alpine skiing, professional hockey career (although, in general, game sports, where push or hit is possible, are prohibited), mountaineering (and in these cases, the device saved people's lives in conditions of hypothermia).

(although not every maternity hospital is burning with the desire to "communicate" with a woman in labor with an EKS - but this is a question to the conscience of individual doctors), professional activity not related to the maintenance of electrical installations and power lines, etc. All this does not reduce the allotted operating time of the device and does not affect the life expectancy of a person.

Life expectancy with a pacemaker

So, from a medical point of view, life expectancy with a pacemaker is primarily determined by the general state of the patient's health and does not depend on the fact of the presence of IVR.

Only in the first time after the operation, the patient is advised to restrict in terms of activity: it is impossible to lift weights, work in an incline, etc. If we subtract these two - three months after the operation to install (implant) the device, then the pacemaker and the duration of active life also do not strongly depend on each other.

• worry less, rest more and relate more calmly to everything - it is, of course, difficult to implement, but this will help maintain the heart rate in a normal state;
• , and no longer get drunk - alcohol, again, violates heartbeat, which can lead to the development of tachycardia (the stimulator will skip beats when an impulse is needed, and send an impulse to the heart when it beats normally);
• lead a moderately active lifestyle, i.e. "Iron" is no longer pulling (including because the electrical impulse sent to the contracting pectoral muscle can interfere with the work of the pacemaker), but walk and run, swim - quite.

In general, the life expectancy of people with a cardiac pacemaker does not correlate with the very fact of installing a pacemaker while observing the restrictions. It is necessary to remember the prohibitions, to undergo examinations in a timely manner, not to violate contraindications, to avoid heavy physical work (including monotonous work in order to avoid the separation of the electrode) - and you can lead a full life!

Does a pacemaker have a big effect on life expectancy? How much does the pacemaker prolong life and does it prolong it at all? No doctor will predict how much the pacemaker can extend life expectancy. The task of the IVR is to prevent death in the event of an arrhythmia attack or blockade.

Throughout life, a history of the disease is kept with pacemaker. The history of the disease with a pacemaker begins with anemnesis (records of information about the patient's condition, obtained from the patient himself or his loved ones).

How people with a pacemaker die

According to observations of patients with pacemakers, death occurs longer: the pacemaker sends impulses to the already stopped heart, forcing it to beat again and again. Death with a pacemaker can be difficult and time-consuming. However, the strength of the IVR impulses is not enough to start the heart, if it is no longer able to contract itself.

There is practically no alternative to ECS. Some types of arrhythmias may be supported medication but they all have side effects- therefore, there are no options for a young organism: it is better to put the pacemaker.

Death with a pacemaker is diagnosed not by the indicators of heart function, but by the work of the central nervous system(CNS) - based on the data of the ultrasound scan of transcranial vessels (sometimes EEG), a decision is made to register death (or to continue / start resuscitation).

Pacemakers. Lifestyle after pacemaker implantation. Where to install the pacemaker?

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The site provides background information for informational purposes only. Diagnosis and treatment of diseases must be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. All drugs have contraindications. A specialist consultation is required!

Pacemaker patient lifestyle

Very important for normal operation pacemaker has the behavior of the patient himself. After the operation, the patient must get used to a new lifestyle with certain restrictions. Every year these restrictions become less and less, as manufacturers release newer and safer models. However, each patient has to develop new skills to be on the safe side.

The attending physician introduces the basic restrictions and rules of life with the patient's pacemaker.
Many implant clinics also issue special brochures and leaflets that contain the most important information. In practice, the patient gradually gets used to it and lives a normal life. The risk of serious complications with any impact on a modern pacemaker is extremely small. The devices are equipped with multi-stage protection, and even the magnetic field, which knocked down the mode in older models, is more of a theoretical danger these days. In most cases, negligence can lead to material costs - a second operation, replacement of the device or a short course of treatment.

Does a pacemaker affect the course of pregnancy and is it possible to give birth with it?

In principle, the presence of a constant pacemaker is not a contraindication for pregnancy and childbirth, however, in practice, women may face a number of problems. The fact is that pregnancy and childbirth are quite serious stress for the body. During this time, women may experience a variety of disorders in the work of some organs ( including hearts). However, one should also take into account the main diagnosis for which the pacemaker was installed. If the patient had heart problems, childbirth without a pacemaker would be much more dangerous for her.

In general, it is best for women with an implanted pacemaker to:

• Before implanting the device, it is better to notify the doctors that the patient would like to have children in the future. This can affect the choice of the model of the device.
• Before conceiving a child, it is better to consult with your attending cardiologist, who will check the condition of the device and conduct the necessary examinations. In some cases, it may be necessary to pre-replace the batteries or the entire device ( not to do it during pregnancy).
• To monitor the course of pregnancy, you should choose a competent specialist who will agree to manage such a difficult patient. In practice, many doctors simply do not want to take risks and refer patients to other specialists.
• Any unusual symptoms ( not only from the side of the heart) it is better to immediately contact your doctor, as complications can be very diverse.
• Before giving birth, you should undergo additional examinations, and for the birth itself, a cardiologist is often invited to help monitor the patient's condition.

In most cases, pregnancy proceeds without any significant complications, since the presence of a pacemaker in itself does not pose a threat to either the mother or the fetus. Childbirth is often advised to be performed by caesarean section, as this allows better control of the patient's condition, but natural birth is not excluded. Their possibility is discussed with doctors on an individual basis.

Of particular difficulty are situations when the patient needs to install a permanent pacemaker during pregnancy. In these cases, the body is implanted above ( so that it does not shift as the fetus grows). During the operation itself, the abdomen must be covered with a special lead blanket, since the position of the electrodes is usually monitored using an X-ray.

However, even with all these considerations and precautions taken into account, the risk to the mother and the baby is very small. In the overwhelming majority of cases, due attention of specialists ensures a normal pregnancy and childbirth.

What physical activity is allowed for patients with a pacemaker ( sports, household loads, sex, etc.)?

In general, severe exercise restrictions are not required with a pacemaker. Modern models turn on automatically in case of arrhythmia and return the heart to a normal rhythm. The danger of physical activity for the heart is precisely that it can provoke arrhythmia.

However, extremely heavy loads are not recommended for patients. Together they affect not only the heart, but also increase blood pressure, and in rare cases, the pacemaker may not cope with the developed problem. Because of this, such patients are not allowed to engage in many sports professionally.

With regard to physical activity, patients with a pacemaker should adhere to the following recommendations:

• most sports are allowed on an amateur level ( no wear stress);
• prohibited contact views sports ( martial arts, fencing, etc.), since there is a high risk of getting hit in the area of ​​implantation of a pacemaker;
• play football, volleyball, basketball and similar games with caution, since a blow to the danger zone can be obtained by contact with a player or a ball;
• active exercises on horizontal bars, uneven bars, gymnastics are prohibited, since they are associated with a sharp change in body position, and the electrodes in the heart may shift;
• swimming is allowed;
• any household loads are allowed ( including sex, but without pressure on the area of ​​implantation of the device).

If the patient is a professional athlete and is not sure if he can continue training after the implantation of a pacemaker, this should be clarified with the attending physician.

Is a disability group given after implantation of a pacemaker?

The issue of assigning a disability group to patients with a pacemaker is decided on an individual basis. To obtain it, the patient needs to go through a special medical commission, which will take into account a number of different criteria. In practice, not all patients with a pacemaker receive a disability group.

At the meeting of the commission, the following factors will matter:

• initial diagnosis;
• type of pacemaker;
• type and volume of medical services provided;
• the degree of dependence of the patient on the pacemaker;
• the presence of other acute and chronic diseases;
• education and working conditions;
• social status ( family presence, living conditions);
• age, etc.

Taken together, the commission assesses whether a person remains able to work after installing a pacemaker, and to what extent. From a medical point of view, a patient with an artificial pacemaker is equated to a patient with coronary heart disease and must receive a disability group. Therefore, there are legal prerequisites for this. However, if the workplace does not have any factors that may pose a danger to the operation of the device, and the patient does not completely depend on the pacemaker, the disability group is usually not given.

In any case, the first step for patients after surgery should be a consultation with the attending physician on this issue ( usually the doctors themselves do not offer to go through the commission). The doctor can tell you where to go next, how realistic is the assignment of a disability group and what documents you may need. He must also submit an appropriate medical report.

One of the options for the commission's decision may be the assignment of a temporary disability group. The patient could become disabled only in the postoperative period, or he will be given time ( up to several years) to receive another education and retraining. In any case, this issue is resolved with the involvement of not only doctors, but also other specialists ( lawyers, medical and social experts, etc.).

Where and by whom can you work with a pacemaker?

In principle, after the implantation of a pacemaker, the patient returns to normal life, as he does not lose his ability to work. However, doctors may recommend changing jobs if there are a number of dangerous factors capable of disrupting the normal operation of the implanted device. The criteria at each workplace may be different. For safety issues, contact your healthcare professional, occupational health professional, or safety engineer.

The following jobs and occupations may pose a particular risk to patients with implanted pacemakers:

• Law enforcement and military forces. Police and military personnel must have good physical training. In addition, their training and work is associated with physical contacts, during which you can get hit in the area of ​​the implanted body.
• Welder and some construction specialties. Working on a construction site can involve not only serious physical exertion, but also the use of powerful tools. For example, a welding machine creates a fairly powerful electromagnetic field that can affect the operation of a pacemaker. Working with a jackhammer, due to strong vibration, sometimes leads to displacement of the electrodes.
• Production engineers. Factories typically use powerful electrical equipment, magnets, and other devices that pose a hazard to a patient with a pacemaker. Clarify the presence of dangerous physical factors can a safety specialist.
• Electricians and electricians. Working with electrical equipment, in one way or another, is associated with the danger of electric shock. Weak discharges that will not harm healthy person, may interfere with the operation of the pacemaker and endanger the patient's life.
• Power plant workers. At power plants, despite all types of protection, there is a chance to get into the zone of exposure to powerful electromagnetic radiation. They are located around equipment and high voltage power lines.
• Miners. The immersion into the mine itself, although it is associated with certain changes in the physical parameters of the environment, does not pose a serious threat to patients with a pacemaker. However, powerful equipment commonly used in mining operations can generate electromagnetic fields.
• Some doctors. A number of doctors ( especially in the field of diagnostics) is often near powerful electrical equipment.

At the same time, patients with pacemakers can freely work in the service sector, engage in intellectual work, and spend a lot of time at computers. The main condition is the absence of powerful electrical appliances in the immediate vicinity of the worker. If the patient's education and workplace conditions involve a certain risk to health, a special commission may issue a conclusion on temporary disability. During this time, the patient undergoes retraining and finds a more suitable place of work.

Is it possible to massage patients with a pacemaker?

The presence of a pacemaker in the patient is not a contraindication to regular massage, since this does not in any way affect the operation of the device. The main condition in this case is right choice technique of the procedure. That is why the massage therapist must be notified of the availability of the device in advance. A qualified specialist knows exactly which manipulations can pose a certain danger to the patient and will avoid them.

The following massage techniques pose some risk:

• direct massage of the area on which the pacemaker is fixed;
• deep massage of the muscles of the trunk ( belly, chest, back);
• a number of manual therapy techniques that require strong twists of the torso;
• massage associated with the use of hot lotions and body heating.

The types of massage associated with electrical stimulation of muscles or skin are strictly prohibited. Even small, subtle impulses can affect the operation of the pacemaker.

Can I fly an airplane with a pacemaker?

The flight itself is not dangerous for patients with pacemakers. The equipment operating in the aircraft cabin does not generate sufficiently strong impulses or interference, and pressure drops, which may be felt by passengers, do not affect the operation of the pacemaker. The only factor that can potentially pose a certain hazard is the seat belt. It should not pass over the implantation site of the device. During turbulence, the strap can press on the pacemaker and cause it to slip under the skin. For prevention, it is recommended to wrap the belt with a towel, which will reduce the pressure. A similar rule should be observed with the seat belt in the car.

Is it possible to pass through a metal detector in shops, at the airport and at customs?

V Everyday life people with an implanted pacemaker are advised to avoid metal detectors and devices that use this principle whenever possible. In theory, they can really be dangerous, since getting the case into the coverage area of ​​such a device can knock down the settings of the device. In practice, this happens quite rarely.

The main places where metal detectors can be found are:

• Large shops and supermarkets. Devices that work like metal detectors are sometimes installed at the exits of shops. There they are designed to prevent petty theft. However, such devices are safe for patients with a pacemaker. They are tuned in to search for other metals, and do not react to the body of the device in any way.
• Airports. At the airport, metal detectors are installed for security purposes, and all passengers ( as well as workers) to enter the so-called "sterile zone" pass through the frame of a rather powerful metal detector. Such devices pose the greatest danger to patients with a pacemaker. Airport staff are aware of this, and the patient may not pass through the frame if they present a special patient passport. This document is issued after the implantation of a pacemaker. In such cases, security personnel are obliged to replace the passage of the metal detector with a thorough physical search or other methods that are safe for the passenger. International airports in other countries may require an international cardiac pacemaker card. This should be taken care of well in advance of the journey.
• Border customs control zones. Customs offices also sometimes install metal detectors through which luggage is passed or passengers pass. People with a pacemaker should notify workers of the implanted device and present the appropriate document.

In the event of accidental or deliberate passage through the metal detector frame, most modern pacemakers will continue to work as set. However, the patient should carefully monitor his condition, if this happens, for several days. Signs of a missed setting may include weakness, dizziness, loss of consciousness, palpable irregularities in the heart rate, tingling in the extremities and their numbness. If these symptoms appear, be sure to consult a doctor to check the settings of the device.

How do I know when a pacemaker is prohibited?

In some places, there are special warning signs and labels to warn patients with a pacemaker. Typically, they can be seen at borders or at airports. This measure is intended to prevent the patient from entering the area of ​​strong electromagnetic radiation, which may affect the operation of the device. Sometimes these signs are found in production, in some departments of hospitals, or near strong sources of electromagnetic radiation. Most modern devices are protected from external physical influences, but it's still not worth the risk.

Is it possible to visit the bathhouse or sauna, sunbathe on the beach or in the solarium?

In principle, a bath or sauna has a significant effect on the work of the heart. High temperatures and humidity affect vascular tone and blood pressure... The heart, on the other hand, tries to stabilize these indicators and changes the rhythm. For people with arrhythmias without a pacemaker, such loads are contraindicated. In patients with an implanted pacemaker, the heart rate is regulated by the device. They can visit baths or saunas, since neither temperature nor humidity directly affect the pacemaker and do not interfere with its operation.

An exception may be patients in whom heart damage has arisen against the background of systemic diseases. For them, a visit to the bathhouse is dangerous due to possible complications, but not from a pacemaker, but due to the presence of a systemic disease.

Sunburn on the beach is also not a contraindication, since most of the sun's rays are absorbed by the skin, and the pacemaker is implanted much deeper. However, infrared rays can heat metal because they penetrate deep enough. That is why patients with a pacemaker are not advised to visit solariums or infrared saunas.

Can a mobile phone interfere with the operation of a pacemaker?

Can I exercise at home simulators with an implanted pacemaker?

The presence of an implanted pacemaker is not a contraindication to sports in general. At the end of the rehabilitation period, physical activity is possible in a significant amount. In this regard, exercises at home on simulators are permissible. However, you should not get carried away. Excessive exertion can provoke a sharp increase in heart rate or arrhythmia. You should not test the reliability of a pacemaker in this way. Second important point, to which attention should be paid, is the serviceability of the simulators. Some of them are equipped with electrical appliances. In case of poor grounding or technical malfunction, the patient may receive an electric shock during training. This, in turn, affects the performance of the pacemaker.

Certain restrictions on physical activity available in the first months after implantation. This is due to the normal fixation of the body and electrodes, as well as to the normal healing of the postoperative wound. During training on the simulator, you must avoid sudden movements and any pressure on the area of ​​the body implantation. More detailed instructions can be obtained from your doctor after surgery.

Does alcohol affect the performance of a pacemaker?

Alcohol does not directly affect the operation of the pacemaker, but most experts recommend that you give it up. The fact is that the apparatus itself does not interact with the tissues of the body ( its body is made of inert metal), but drinking alcohol is generally harmful to of cardio-vascular system... In other words, frequent or excessive consumption of alcohol can lead to such serious disturbances in the work of the heart that the pacemaker simply cannot cope. It should be borne in mind that patients with implanted pacemakers already have quite serious heart problems, and alcohol will only aggravate them in the future.

Alcoholic drinks with a pacemaker are dangerous for the following reasons:

• a large amount of alcohol affects the conduction of impulses by the heart muscle and can provoke arrhythmia;
• alcohol leads to vasodilation, which changes blood pressure, and this, in turn, affects the work of the heart;
• long-term use of alcohol, even in small doses, may in the long run affect the size of the heart muscle ( hypertrophy of certain departments).

Thus, alcohol is definitely not recommended in the presence of an implanted pacemaker. Occasional use of alcoholic beverages in small doses ( one or two glasses of wine, a glass of champagne, or less than 50 ml of spirits) in most cases will not entail serious consequences. However, it does not hurt to clarify this with the attending physician who knows the exact diagnosis. If the heart is damaged in the background serious illnesses metabolism or systemic pathologies, alcohol may be completely contraindicated.

Do microwave ovens, refrigerators, and other electrical appliances affect the performance of a pacemaker?

Any modern pacemaker has built-in protection against most minor disturbances that occur in everyday life. No household electrical appliance poses a serious threat to the patient, as the electromagnetic fields generated by these devices are too weak. Nevertheless, you should adhere to a number of simple rules that will help to completely protect the patient's life.

When using household appliances, patients with a pacemaker should pay attention to the following points:

• you should not lean against the switched on electrical appliances with the area of ​​the skin under which the pacemaker is fixed;
• the included handheld devices should not be brought closer than 10 cm to the implantation site;
• do not touch the screen while the TV is on ( especially old models with picture tubes);
• do not touch the metal case of switched on electrical appliances ( washing machine, microwave oven, heaters, etc.), since sometimes they are shocked;
• you need to check the grounding of household appliances and install modern sockets to prevent accidental electric shocks.

Does the laser ( laser radiation) to work with a pacemaker?

Laser radiation can have different strengths and other parameters, on which its effect on body tissues depends. Heating is one of the possible influences. Because of this, it is not recommended to perform medical procedures in the area of ​​implantation of a pacemaker body. However, having warned the specialist about the presence of the device, it is possible to ensure the selection of the laser with minimal heating. Other effects of laser radiation do not affect the operation of the pacemaker.

Can I use a pacemaker and a hearing aid at the same time?

Any pacemaker has special settings that protect its operation from various outside influences ( as far as possible). In part, this is aimed at blocking electromagnetic pulses emanating from various devices. The hearing aid of any model is located far enough from the site of the pacemaker implantation. In addition, it generates weak pulses that are unable to overcome the protective threshold. Thus, these devices can be used smoothly at the same time without fear of any complications.

What medications and medications should not be taken by patients with a pacemaker?

In principle, the presence of an implanted pacemaker is not a contraindication for taking any drugs... The drugs themselves do not have any effect on the device, and its operation cannot be disturbed. However, taking a number of medications affects the heart, and many patients are afraid to take them. In practice, problems are extremely rare. The doctor, prescribing the drug and the dose, should be aware of the presence of a pacemaker in the patient. He simply makes a dosage adjustment if needed. Themselves, modern devices to some extent monitor the work of the heart and turn on only when necessary.

In some cases, patients are prescribed aspirin or other drugs for a long time after implantation. These drugs reduce the risk of blood clots and reduce the likelihood of complications. Self-refusal from taking them or changing the dose is not recommended. It is better to consult on this matter with the attending cardiologist, who is not only familiar with the principle of operation of the pacemaker, but also knows in detail the patient's diagnosis and can take into account general state organism.

Do patients with a pacemaker need a specific diet and diet?

In principle, the patient's diet and diet do not particularly affect the performance of the pacemaker. The device works in a predetermined mode and does not interact in any way with body tissues. However, implantation is done in patients with certain heart pathologies, and for these diseases it is usually recommended diet food... This prevents future complications and reduces the risk of disease progression.

In most cases, the diet in cardiac patients is aimed at "unloading" the heart and reducing the risk of atherosclerosis. It is recommended to monitor the salt intake, the amount of potassium and sodium, the content of "harmful" lipids in food. The exact diet for any disease can be checked with your doctor. Also, at the consultation of a nutritionist, you can make detailed menu taking into account the tastes of the patient and medical advice.

Patients with most heart diseases should adhere to the following guidelines:

• reduce salt intake throughout the day ( including as part of other dishes);
• reduce the consumption of fatty foods;
• exclude concentrated animal fats;
• give preference to fish and seafood;
• try not to overeat during the day;
• use more often fresh fruits and vegetables;
• reduce the consumption of coffee and energy drinks;
• try to avoid fatty dairy products.

These recommendations help reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and make the heart work easier. Otherwise, there is a risk that even with a pacemaker, the heart condition will deteriorate.

In addition, one should take into account cases when heart damage has developed against the background of other pathologies. This is possible, for example, for the series autoimmune diseases, diabetes, thyroid problems. Such patients may need a more restrictive diet.

Should doctors be warned about a pacemaker when treating teeth and other medical interventions?

Many medical procedures involve the impact on the patient's body. electric current, laser, magnetic field and a number of other physical forces. The patient himself is often unaware of how the procedure is going and cannot assess the risk to the body. At the same time, some effects may be contraindicated with an implanted pacemaker. In this regard, it is better to warn the doctor about the presence of the device, not only before any medical procedure, but also at the first visit in principle.

The presence of a pacemaker can make adjustments to the conduct of medical and diagnostic procedures for the following reasons:

• The use of certain medications. If you have a pacemaker, the use of certain medications during procedures may be limited. This is due to their effect on the work of the heart. For the correct appointment of treatment and in order to avoid complications, it is necessary to warn the doctor about the implanted pacemaker before choosing the drug and dose.
• Exposure to an electromagnetic field. Physiotherapy treatment and a number of diagnostic studies are based on exposure to a strong electromagnetic field. For patients with a pacemaker, such procedures are contraindicated. The physician should be warned to choose an alternative treatment or diagnosis.
• Exposure to ultrasonic waves. Ultrasound waves are used in ultrasound, kidney or gallstones crushing, and in some other procedures. These manipulations are not a categorical contraindication for patients with a pacemaker, but doctors must be warned in advance. Then they will be more attentive during the procedure and the examination or treatment will not affect the operation of the device.
• Exposure to electric current. In a number of surgical procedures, doctors use special scalpels with electrocoagulators. This is convenient as it avoids