How the Urals created a tank corps that beat the Nazis from Kursk to Prague

On March 11, Russia celebrates the Day of the National Earth for the formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps during the Great Patriotic War.

This commemorative date, which celebrates the feat of the Soviet people during the war years, appeared in the calendar in 2012, when the governor of the Sverdlovsk region issued a corresponding decree, where the first point is recorded: "To establish a significant date of the Sverdlovsk region" The Day of the National Podium "on the formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps in The years of the Great Patriotic War "and celebrate it annually on March 11."

The historical event that served as the basis for the holiday institution occurred in 1943. The Ural Volunteer Tank Corps was formed in 1943 and equipped with weapons and techniques made by the workers of Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Molotov region (now - Perm region) Grateful work on the basis of the plan and voluntary contributions. When forming (February), the connection was called - the Special Ural Volunteer Tank Corps named after I. V. Stalin, from March 11 - the 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. Thus, on March 11, 2013, the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps turned 70 years. In this connection, the holiday was installed.

The Ural Tank Corps is known because 3356 Finnish knives were released in Zlatoust ("Black Knives"). Tankists got knives HP-40 - "Knife army sample of 1940". By type, the knives differed from the standard: they were made of black ebonite, the metal on the sheath was worn. Similar knives were previously included in the equipment of paratroopers and scouts, in some units they were presented only for special merits. These are short blades with black handles, which were in service with our tankers, became legendary and inspired by the enemies fear and respect. "SchwarzMessere Panzer-Division", which is translated as a "black knives tank division" - so called German intelligence of the Ural Corps in the Kursk Arc in the summer of 1943.

The nickname given to them by the Nazis, the Ural Tankists were perceived with pride. In 1943, Ivan Ovchinin, later who died in battles for the liberation of Hungary, wrote a song that became the informal anthem of the "division of black knives". There were such lines in it:

Whisper in fear of each other fascists,
Trying in the dark of the dandels:
Appeared from the Urals Tankers -
Division of black knives.
Selfless fighters of squads,
They will not kill their courage.
Oh, do not like fascist reptiles
Our Ural Steel Black Knife!

Tank T-34-85 29th Guards Motor Store Brigade of the 10th Guards Ural Volunteer Tank Corps on Prague Square

From the history of the corps

The Ural Volunteer Tank Corps is the world's only tank compound, fully created for funds voluntarily collected by residents of three regions: Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Molotovskaya. The state did not spend on weapons and equipping this corps not a single ruble. All combat vehicles were built by the Urals overtime, after the end of the main working day.

The idea of \u200b\u200bmaking a gift front is to create the Ural Tank Corps - Born in 1942. It originated in the factory teams of the Ural tank builders and picked up by the entire working class of the Urals in the days when our country was impressed by the decisive and victorious Stalingrad battle. The Urals, which at that time, the main mass of tanks and self-propelled guns, legally proud of the victory on the Volga, where the armored troops showed the inextricant shock power of the Red Army. It became clear to everyone: on the number of our magnificent combat vehicles, reduced to large tank compounds, the success of the upcoming battles depend largely, the final victory over the Hitler's Germany. The working support edges of the Soviet power decided to make the front-line one unique gift - a volunteer tank case.

On January 16, 1943, a note "Tank Corps over Plan" appeared in the Ural Worker newspaper. It said the obligation of the largest teams of the Urals Tank Trucks to be made in the first quarter above the plan so many tanks and self-propelled guns as required on the body, while learning from their own working and volunteers of drivers cars. In the shops of the factories, the slogan was born: "We will make superplan tanks and self-propelled and we will behave into battle." Pattomas three regions turned with a letter to Stalin, in which: "... Expressing the noble patriotic desire of the Urals, we ask to allow us to form a special volunteer Ural Tank Corps ... We undertake commitment to take off to the Ural Tank Corps without dedicated homeland of the best The people of the Urals - Communists, Komsomol residents, non-partisan Bolsheviks. The volunteer tank corpus of the Urals we undertake to fully arm a better military equipment: tanks, airplanes, guns, mortars, ammunition, which produced in excess of the production program. " Joseph Stalin approved the idea, and the work began to boil.

On the cry, abandoned by the Uralmash Tank Tanks, contributed to the construction of tanks part of his salary, they responded everything. Schoolchildren were collected by scrap metal to send it to the furnace on the mirror. The Urals, who lacked funds themselves, gave the last savings. As a result, the inhabitants of one Sverdlovsk region managed to collect 58 million rubles. The combat vehicles were not only built on folk money, but also redeemed from the state the necessary weapons, uniforms, literally everything. In January 1943, a set of volunteers in the Ural Corps was announced. For March, more than 110 thousand applications were filed - 12 times more than it was necessary.

Volunteers represented the best part of the workers' teams, among them there were many skilled workers, specialists, managers of production, communists and Komsomol members. It is clear that all volunteers released to the front was impossible, as it would damage the production, all of the country. Therefore, they arranged hard selection. PARTOMS, ZECOMS, SPECIAL COMMISSIONS were often selected one of 15-20 decent candidates with the condition that the team recommended that to replace the go-go on the front. Selected candidates were considered and approved at the working meetings. Only 9660 people were able to go to the front. In total, 536 of them had the experience of combat operations, the rest took a weapon for the first time.

On the territory of the Sverdlovsk region were formed: the headquarters of the corps, 197th Tank Brigade, 88th separate intelligence motorcycle battalion, 565th medical and sanitary platoon, 1621th self-propelled-artillery regiment, 248th division of reactive mortars (Katyusi ), 390th communication battalion, as well as divisions of the 30th motorized rifle brigade (brigade management, one motorized rifle battalion, reconnaissance company, management company, mortar platoon, health-sanitary platoon). On the territory of the Molotovskaya (Perm) region formed: 243th Tank Brigade, 299th mortar regiment, 3rd battalion of the 30th motorized rifle brigade, 267th repair base. In the Chelyabinsk region were formed: 244th Tank Brigade, 266th Repair base, 743rd Sapier battalion, 64th separate armorAutobatalone, 36th Rota Hmm, Engineering and Mortar Rota, Motor Transport Company and Divisions 30th Motor-Stream Brigades (2nd motorized rifle battalion, Rota of anti-tank guns, motor transport company and technical support of the brigade).

Thus, the 30th tank corps was formed for surprisingly short time. By order of the People's Commissar of Defense of March 11, 1943, he was assigned the name - the 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps.

Georgy Semenovich Rodin (1897-1976) became the first corps commander. Georgy Rodin had a huge combat experience: he began the service in the Russian imperial army in 1916, he served to the Senior Unter-Officer, then joined the ranks of the Red Army. He began the service as a platoon commander, fought with white and gangsters. After the civil war he served in the posts of the platoon commander, the assistant commander of the company, the deputy commander of the battalion, the battalion commander. Since 1930, he served as an assistant commander and commander of the 234th Rifle Regiment, and from December 1933 - in the posts of the commander of a separate tank battalion and the head of the auto-terminal service of the 25th Rifle Division. In 1934, she graduated from the technical improvement of the Komostava of the Red Army, and in 1936, the part of the Red Star was awarded for excellent combat training. He took part in a campaign to Western Belarus, fought with Finns.

Before the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, he commanded the 47th tank divisions (18th mechanized corps, Odessa Military District). The division, under the command of the Motherland, covered the retreat of the 18th and 12th armies of the Southern Front, during the fighting in the area of \u200b\u200bthe city of Gaysin Division came to the environment, during the exit from which he applied to an enemy significantly damage. During the fighting for Poltava, the Motherland was seriously injured. In March 1942, he was appointed commander of the 52nd Tank Brigade, and in June - to the post of commander of the 28th Tank Corps, which at the end of July participated during the front-line counterdard on the enemy, who broke into the Don north of the city of Kalach Don. In October, he was appointed head of the South-Western Front Auto Freight Forces, and in April 1943 - to the post of commander of the 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps.

Commander of the 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps Lieutenant Lieutenant Tank Troops Georgy Semenovich Rodin (1897-1976) awards Guard Junior Sergeant Pavlin Ivanovich Kozhin (1905-1973) Medal "For Combat Merit"

From the spring of 1944, the Corps was commanded by Yevichiy Emelyanovich Belov (1901-1966). He also had a big fighting experience. He began service in the Red Army since 1920. He served in the positions of the commander of the department, platoon, assistant commander of the company, the commander of the rifle battalion, the commander of the tank battalion. In 1932, he graduated from armored courses for improving the command staff, and in 1934 - in correspondence between the M. Frunze Military Academy. Before the beginning of the war was the commander of the 14th Tank Regiment (17th Tank Division, 6th Mechkorpus, Western Special Military District).

After the beginning of the Great War, he took part in the border battle, participated in the counterdad on the Belostok-Grodno direction, and then in defensive battles in the areas of Grodno, Lida and Novogrudok. In September 1941, Yevtichiy Belov was appointed commander of the 23rd Tank Brigade (49th Army, West Front). In July 1942, he was appointed deputy commander in the tank tank forces of the 20th Army (Western Front), while, which took part in the Rzhevian-Sychev offensive operation, and then during the defense of the Rzhev-Vyazemsky defensive army. In January 1943, he was appointed deputy commander of the 3rd Tank Army. In May 1943, he was appointed deputy commander of the 57th Army, in July - to the position of deputy commander of the 4th Tank Army, and in March 1944 - to the post of commander of the 10th Guards Ural Volunteer Tank Corps.

Middle T-34 tanks made of superplan for the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. A stamped tower for a tank in the picture was released at the Urals Plant of Heavy Machinery named after Ordzhonikidze (UTTM) in Sverdlovsk

Echelon of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps heading to the front. On platforms Tank T-34-76 and SAU SU-122

On May 1, 1943, the warriors of the corps took the oath, swore went back home only with the victory and soon received an order to go to the front. The Ural Corps has entered the 4th Tank Army and on July 27 received a fighting baptism on a Kursk arc, north of the city of Eagle. In battles, Soviet tankers showed incredible durability and unparalleled courage. The compound was awarded the honorary title of the Guards Corps. Order of the People's Commissar Defense of the USSR No. 306 of October 26, 1943 was transformed into the 10th Guards Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. All parts of the housing were assigned the name of the Guards. On November 18, 1943, the Guards Banners were awarded in the solemn atmosphere.

The combat path of the hull from the Eagle to Prague was over 5500 kilometers. The Ural Volunteer Tank Corps participated in the Oryol, Bryansk, Proskurovski-Chernivtsi, Lviv-Sandomir, Sandomir Silesian, Nizhne-Silesian, Verkhne-Silesian, Berlin and Prague offensive operations. In 1944, the corps was awarded the honorary title "Lviv". The corps distinguished himself when forceing the rivers of Neur and the Sprör, the destruction of the enemy grouping and in hostilities for Potsdam and Berlin, and on May 9, 1945, first entered Prague. The corps is awarded the orders of the Red Banner, Suvorov II degree, Kutuzov II degree. In total, on the combat venge of parts, which were part of the 10th Guards-Lviv, Red Snimited, Order of Suvorov and Kutuzov of the Volunteer Tank Corps, 54 orders.

A group of Soviet average tanks T-34 from the composition of the 10th Guards Ural Volunteer Tank Corps follows the street in Lviv

With outstanding masters of tank fight showed themselves 12 guards of the building, destroyed by 20 or more enemy combat vehicles. On the battle account, the Guard of Lieutenant M. Kuchenkova 32-brandly, in the guard of Captain N. Dyachenko - 31, in the Guard of the N. Novitsky Guard - 29, at the Guard of the Junior Lieutenant M. Razumovsky - 25, in the Lieutenant Guard D. Maneshina - 24, Captain Guard V. Markova and Guard of Senior Sergeant V. Kupriyanova - at 23, in the Guard of Lieutenna S. Shopova and Guard Lieutenant N. Bulitsky - at 21, in the Guard of Liecene M. Pimenova, Guard Lieutenant V. Meshenia and Guard Sergeant V. Tkachenko - 20 armored centers.

During the Prague operation, the crew of T-34 T-34 No. 24 of the 63rd Guards Chelyabinsk Tank Brigade was famous under the command of the guard of Lieutenant Ivan Goncharenko. At the beginning of May 1945, in the campaign on Prague Tank I. G. Goncharenko was included in the head hiking column, he was among the first three reconnaissance tanks of the Guard of the Junior Lieutenant L. E. Burakova. Three days of the forced march, on the night of May 9, 1945, the advanced parts of the corps approached Prague from the North-West. According to the memoirs of the former commander of the 63rd Guards Tank Brigade of M. G. Fomichev, the local population has met Soviet tankers with flavored, with national and red flags and transparencies "AT Ruda Armada! Long live the Red Army! "

On the night of May 9, the reconnaissance platoon of the three tanks of Burakova, Goncharenko and Kotov with scouts and sailters on armor was the first to enter Prague and found out that in the center of Czech rebels lead battles with the Germans. In Prague, an assault group was formed - a tank of the commander of the Rota commander was added to the interlocity. The assault group under the command of the Lakenka was tasked - to capture Manesov Bridge and ensure the release of the main forces of the tank brigade to the city center. On the approaches to Prague, the opponent had a strong resistance: Karlova and Manesov bridges across the Vltava River, the Nazonians put a barrier of several assault guns under the cover of a large number of packnies. The first to the Vltava River came out the tank Ivan Goncharenko. During the battle battle, Goncharenko crew destroyed two enemy SAU and began a breakthrough through Manesov Bridge, but the Germans managed to bother T-34. From a premium sheet: "Holding the crossing of T. Goncharenko with fire of his tank destroyed 2 self-propelled. The tank got a projectile hit and caught fire. T. Goncharenko was seriously injured. Being seriously wounded, a brave officer, expired by blood, continued to fight. Secondary hit in the tank t. Goncharenko was killed. At this time, the main forces approached and began the rapid pursuit of the enemy. " Goncharenko was posthumously awarded the Order of the Patriotic War I degree. The crew members of IG Goncharenko - A. I. Filippov, I. G. Shklovsky, N. S. Kovrigin and P. G. Batyrev - received heavy injuries in battle on May 9, 1945, but survived. The rest of the tanks of the assault group, breaking the resistance of the German troops, mastered the Manese bridge, preventing the enemy to blow up the bridge. And then came out to the center of Prague. Day on May 9, the capital of Czechoslovakia was liberated from German troops.

Guard Lieutenant, Tankist Ivan Grigorievich Goncharenko

In honor of the tank, as the first of those who came to the aid of the rebels Prague, in the capital of Czechoslovakia there was a monument with Tank IP-2. The monument to the Soviet tankers in Prague on the square of Stuffani stood before the "velvet revolution" in 1991, when it was repainted in pink color, then dismantled from the pedestal and is now used as a "symbol of the occupation of Czechoslovakia by Soviet troops." Thus, in the Czech Republic, as well as in Europe, the memory of the Soviet soldier-liberator was mainly destroyed, and was transformed by the enemies of the Russian civilization of the Black MiF about the "Soviet occupation".

The Soviet Tank is-2, which was in 1948-1991. In Prague as a monument Tank T-34 IG Goncharenko

In total, on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, the Ural Tankists destroyed and captured 1220 tanks and self-propelled enemy, 1100 guns of different calibers, 2100 armored vehicles and armored personnel carriers, destroyed 94,620 soldiers and opponent officers. In total, during the war, the warriors of the corps were handed 42,368 orders and medals, 27 soldiers and sergeants became complete cavaliers of the orders of Glory, 38 Corps Guardsmen awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

After graduating from the Great Patriotic War, the corps was transformed into the 10th Guards Tank Division. The division is part of the Soviet troops in Germany (GSVG, ZGV). It is part of the 3rd combustive red-known army. After the conclusion of troops from Germany in 1994, the division was replicated to the Voronezh region, namely the city of Boguchar (Moscow Military District). In 2001, the Division took part in hostilities in the North Caucasus. In 2009, the division was disbanded and on its base was formed the 262nd Guards Storage Base of Weapons and Technology (Tank). In 2015, the 1st separate tank brigade was formed on the basis of the storage base, with the transfer of the 10th Guards Tank Division to it. Such is the glorious path of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps.

Fighters of the 63rd Guards Chelyabinsk Tank Brigade on Wenceslas Square Prague

Presentation by representatives of the Urals volunteering of the tank corps of orders from the working people of the South Urals

The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a tank corps originated in the Urals in the days of completion of the defeat of the Hitler's troops near Stalingrad.

In the newspaper "Ural worker" on January 16, 1943, a note "Tank Corps over the plan" was published, which described the initiative of the collectives of tank builders: to make in the first quarter of 1943. Above the plan, so many tanks and self-propelled guns are needed for equipping a tank corps ; At the same time, to train from their own volunteers working drivers of combat vehicles. A letter was sent to the Chairman of the State Committee for Defense, in which the Ural workers requested permission to form a special volunteer Ural Tank Corps named after Comrade Stalin. On February 24, 1943, a response telegram came from Moscow: "Your proposal to form a special voluntary Ural Tank Corps approve and welcome. I. Stalin. "

February 26, 1943 Commander Uralvo General-Major A.V. Ratops issued a directive about the formation of a tank corps.

It was voluntarily filed 110 thousand statements, which was 12 times more than it was necessary to equip the housing, 9660 people were selected. Among the volunteers there were many qualified workers, specialists, commanders of production, active communists and Komsomol members. It was impossible to let everyone go to the front, as it would damage the execution of the front orders. Special Commissions selected worthy candidates with the condition that the team will replace leaving on the front. Selected candidates under the age of 40 were considered and approved at the working meetings. The party layer amounted to 50 percent of the total number of all fighters and commanders of tank brigades. Selection to the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps was carried out very strictly. On the Uralmash from 2,250 wished to go to the tank corps, only 200 volunteers took, in Nizhny Tagil out of 10,500 submitted statements selected 544 people, in the upper salde from 437 - 38 people, etc.

Based on the local conditions and resources of areas, compounds and parts of the case were formed in Sverdlovsk, Molotov, Chelyabinsk, Nizhny Tagil, Alapaevsk, Degtyarsk, Trinity, Miass, Zlatoust, Kus and Kyshtym.

On the territory of the Sverdlovsk region were formed: in the city of Sverdlovsk - the headquarters of the corps, the 197th tank brigade, the 88th separate intelligence motorcycle battalion, 565th medical and sanitary platoon; In Nizhny Tagil - 1621th self-propelled-artillery regiment, 248th division of reactive mortars (Katyush); In Alapaevsk - 390th communication battalion. The city of Degtyarsk became the formation site of the 30th motorized rifle brigade (brigade management, 1st motorcycle battalion, reconnaissance company, management company, mortar platoon, health-sanitary platoon).

On the territory of the Molotov region were formed: in the city of Molotov (now Perm) - 299th mortar regiment, 3rd battalion of the 30th motorized rifle brigade, 267th repair base; In Kungur - 243th tank brigade.

On the territory of the Chelyabinsk region were formed: in Chelyabinsk - 244th Tank Brigade, 266th repair base, engineering and mining company and road transport of the 30th motorized rifle brigade; In the town of Zlatoust - the 2nd battalion of the 30th motorized rifle brigade; In Kyshtyma - the 36th company of the provision of fuel and fuel, the company of anti-tank guns and the company of the technical support of the 30th motorized rifle brigade. A place of formation of the 743rd saccharian battalion became G. Troitsk, and the 64th separate armorAutobalone - Miass.

Simultaneously throughout the Urals, a voluntary fund was continued to the Corps Foundation, over 70 million rubles were collected. For this money, the states were redeemed military equipment, weapons and uniforms. A huge contribution to the general case was made by Komsomolsk and youth front brigades, born on Uralmashzavoda: Brigades of electric welders Alexandra Rogozhkin, Polina Pavlova, Felixes of Greibovskaya, Polina Stephenko, Machnitsa Anna Lopatinskaya, Revolversters Mikhail Popova, "Pyankotnikov" and "Thousands" Anatoly Chu Grunova, Vasily Pakhnev , Dmitry Sidorovsky, Grigoria Kovalenko, Ivan Litvinova, Timofey Oleinikova, Alexandra Podibrezina.

The Uralelektrotyazhma was famous for their work rates of the Brigade of Maria Prusakova, Anna Lagoonova, Valentina Boyarintevaya, Tasya Arzamasteva, Leonid Vavilov, Mikhail Laryushkin.

The brigades of Mary Zhlobich, faith Ilyina worked at the turbo-engine factory. Without time, I did not count the mechanic of machinery machines Fedor Sosmyin, Tokari Nikolai Petrov and Konstantin Orlov, Clara Vermilov, Lyudmila Kucherov, Evgenia Zemskova's borler, and the collector Andrei Shevtsov.

On the machine-building factory them. Kalinina was selflessly worked by the locks of Alexander Ushakov and Peter Ivanov, Tokari-parkests Vladimir Tarpenko and Vasily Andryunin, Millinger Alexey Kuznetsov, Tokar Boris Ryabchikov.

In the workshop No. 125 of Uralvagonzavod, Clara Pepperitsyn's revolver worked, Turner Peter Katkov. At the Military Plant No. 50 showed labor heroism of Turar Olga Konyaev, Emilia Chubykina grinder, Svetcher Sergey Nikitin. Shears Soldier's caps of Claudia Shanenakov, Sineli - Vera Selfin, prepared a crush for the fighters of Tamara Vasilyeva.

The ore was mined on Mount High and Grief grace. Metal for tanks has been paid and rolled steel stallors, Domaseners of Sverdlovsk, Nizhny Tagil, Serov, Pervouralsk, Alapaevsk, Couchs. Rare Ural Metals made armor invulnerable. Workers of Krasnouralsk, Kirovgrad, Revda, Kamensk-Uralsky provided copper and aluminum. From other factories of the Urals, tankostroiters received motors, guns, instruments, aggregates, radio transmitters, ammunition. We loaded ready-made tanks on railway platforms made in Tagil, fell asleep in the fireboxes of steam locomotives coal mined by Yehorshshi and theological miners. Ural guys tankers were dressed in uniforms from Aramil's cloth, shovels in the boots of the "Ullavev" factory.

T-34 - 202 tanks, T-70 - 7;

BA-64 - 68 armored vehicles;

Self-propelled 122-mm guns - 16;

85-mm guns - 12;

M-13 - 8 installations;

Guns 76-mm - 24;

25-mm guns - 32;

Guns 37-mm - 16;

Mortars 120-mm - 42;

Mortar 82 mm - 52.

A unique gift to tankers made Zlatoust masters-gunsmiths: for each volunteer, a steel knife was made on the instrumental combine of Zlatoust, which received the informal name "black knife". For these knives, UDRTK at the enemy got the name "Schwarzmessere Panzer-Division" (it. - "Black knife tank division").

By order of the People's Commissar of Defense dated March 11, 1943, the corpus was assigned the name - the 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. Since then, March 11 is considered the birthday of UDRTK. March 18, 1943 to command the corps was appointed Lieutenant General of the Tank Forces Georgy Semenovich Rodin, Headquarters - B.F. Eremeev, the head of the politicalotel - Colonel S.M. Kurananov.

The first secretaries of the Sverdlovsky, Chelyabinsky and Perm Commander of the Party on behalf of the Workers of the Urals were read by the volunteers. In Sverdlovsk, Okra was voiced at the Opera and Ballet Theater on May 9, 1943:

"Our sons and brothers, fathers and husbands! .. Conducting you on the battle with a linted enemy of our Motherland, we want to contact you with our madness. Take it as a military banner and with honor to carry through the fire of harsh battles, as the will of people of the native Urals ... We have a volunteer tank corps for your funds, we are lovingly loving and carefully killed weapon for you. Days and nights worked on him. In this weapon - our cherished and hottest spirits about the bright hour of our complete victory, in it - our solid, like the Ural-Stone, will: crush and exterminate the fascist beast. In hot fights, carry this our will. Remember our skill. In it - our parental love and a harsh order, a marital farewell and our oath ... We are waiting for you with a victory! ".

Volunteers swore to accomplish the Urals.

Echelons with personnel and military equipment on June 10, 1943 arrived in the suburbs. Here, the 359th anti-aircraft artillery regiment, other parts and divisions were included in the building.

The 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps entered the 4th Tank Army, which was commanded by Badanov Vasily Mikhailovich.

"... whispering in fear of each other fascists,
Trying in the dark of the dandels:
Appeared from the Urals Tankers -
Division of black knives.

Selfless fighters of squads,
They will not kill their courage.
Oh, do not like fascist reptiles
Our Ural Steel Black Knife ... "

In early 1943, when the fate of the German group of troops under Stalingrad was solved, and during the war there was a radical fracture, a note is published in the newspaper "Ural worker" - "Tank Corps over Plan". It was proposed in an initiative order to make "above plan" tanks and self-propelled guns for equipping a tank corps, as well as to train drivers of workers' combat vehicles. Volunteers turned out to be 12 times more than required. Of 110 thousand people submitted applications, 9660 people were selected. At the same time, the process of selecting volunteers throughout the Urals passed the collection of funds for the creation of the corps, as a result of which more than 70 million rubles were collected. For sprawling, the production of one T-34-76 tank of 1943 subsid for about 135 thousand rubles.

In the South Urals were formed: in Chelyabinsk - 244 Tank Brigade, 266 Repair base, engineering and mortar company and road transport 30 motorized rifle brigade. In Zlatoust - 2 battalion 30 motorized rifle brigade. In Kus - Motor Rota 30 motorized rifle brigade. In Kyshtyma - 36 Rota of the suite of the fuel and fuel, the company of anti-tank rifles and the technical support company 30 motorized rifle brigade. The place of formation 743 of the sapper battalion was the city of Troitsk, and 64 separate armorAutobalone - Miass.

On the territory of the Sverdlovsk region were formed: in Sverdlovsk - corps headquarters, 197 Tank Brigade, 88 separate intelligence motorcycle battalion, 565 Medical and sanitary platoon. In Nizhny Tagil - 1621 self-propelled artillery regiment, 248 division of jet mortars. In Alapaevsk - 390 communication battalion. In Degtyarsk, 30 motorized rifle brigade was formed.

On the territory of the Molotov region (now Perm region) were formed: 243 tank brigade, 299 mortar regiment, 3 battalion 30 motorized rifle brigade, 267 repair base.

A distinctive feature of the equipment of the personnel of the corps was the army knife of the 1940 sample - "HP-40", the production of the Zlatoust tool plant. They were made for every fighter of the body, from ordinary to general. It is because of them, the nicknames received a nickname - "SchwarzMessers Panzer-Division".

"Our sons and brothers, fathers and husbands! Icestari have been done with us: I am going on our sons to the root affairs, the Urals gave them their folk order. Walking and blessing you on the battle with a loud enemy of our Soviet Motherland, we want and we suck you . Take it as a combat banner and with honor to carry through the fire of harsh battles, as the will of the people of the Native Urals. At the decisive moment of the Great Patriotic War, you go to the death fight for honor, freedom and happiness of the Motherland. Every day, the fighting with hateful German flashes - Fascist invaders. And still a lot of battles hear and will see our native land.

We punish you:

Fully use high maneuverability of your wonderful machines. Take the masters of tank strikes. Master the tactics of the fight, a brilliant pattern of which is the battle of the walls of Stalingrad, which brought the historic victory of the Red Army. Love your cars, take care of them so that they always safely serve you in battle. Show samples of high military discipline, durability, organization. Forward to the West! Look there, you seek there, you will be fine behind you. Let him not take anxiety over his heart for a family, plant, shaft, collective farm.

We give you a word strong, like the granite of our mountains, that we, remaining here, will be worthy of your combat affairs at the front. Also brighter the glory of our region will break up, the fame of our affairs. There will be shells and bullets and all weapons you have enough. Everything will be sent, everyone will deliver to the native Soviet soldiers. In the forefront, in the battle smoke, feel the whole of the Urals next to you - a huge military arsenal of the Motherland, the forge of the Terrible weapon.

Fighters and commanders of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps!

We equipped with a volunteer tank corps. With your own hands lovingly and carefully kicked weapons for you. Days and nights worked on him. In this weapon - our cherished and hottest duma about the bright hour of our complete victory; In it - our solid, like the Ural-Stone, will: crush and destroy the fascist beast. In hot fights, carry this our will.

Remember our skill. It is our parental love and a harsh order, a marital farewell and our oath.

Do not forget: You and your cars are a particle of ourselves, it is our blood, our old Urals good glory, our fiery anger to the enemy. Boldly lead the steel avalanche of tanks. You are waiting for feats and glory. We are confident: the lute enemy will be defeated in dust. And then the forest will bloom the former, the native land is painted, all the Soviet people will happily heal.

We are waiting for you with the victory! And then firmly and lovingly will damage you the Urals and glorify the heroic sons of their heroic sons in the centuries. Our land, free and proud, will put on the heroes of the Great Patriotic War of wonderful songs. "

The connection was passed by a glorious combat path from Eagle to Berlin and Prague, freed hundreds of cities and thousands of settlements from the Hitler invaders, having rescued tens of thousands of people from the yoke of Nazis. For the liberation of Lviv, the corps received the name "Lviv".

During the battle, the Ural tankers caused a huge damage to the enemy, capturing and destroying: 1110 tanks and self-propelled plants, 1100 guns of different calibers, 589 mortars, 2125 machine guns, 2100 armored vehicles, 649 aircraft, 20684 rifles and automaton, 68 anti-aircraft plants, 7711 Faustpatron and anti-tank rifles, 583 tractor tractor, 15211 cars, 1747 motorcycles, 24 radio stations, 293 warehouses with ammunition, food, flammable and equipment, 3 armored trains, 166 steam locomotives, 33 echelon with military property. 94,620 soldiers and officers of the enemy were destroyed by the fighters of the corps, 44,752 of the Nazis were captured.

For excellent fighting, heroism, courage and courage of the Ural volunteers Supreme Commander-in-chief 27 times declared gratitude to the body and its parts. The hull was awarded orders: a red banner, Suvorov II degree and Kutuzov II degree. Guardsmen-tankers were awarded 42,368 orders and medals, 27 soldiers and sergeants became full cavaliers of Glory orders, 38 people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

On February 26, 2015, at 18-00 in Chelyabinsk there will be a laying on the monument to "volunteer-tankers", located on the very place where our great ancestors went on battle with the enemy. Come to give the tribute to the memory to those who do not regret your life in order for us to live.

1 Hello. I am Markova Anastasia Student 11 Class of School No. 3 p. Aramil. Allow me to present to your attention the project "Ural Volunteer Tank Corps".

2 Before starting work, I set for myself a goal: to study the history of UDRTK and his fighting path and determined the tasks: to study the history of the creation and formation of UDTC, its preparation for military operations; Examine the battlefield of UDRTK and assess its contribution to military operations of the Great Patriotic War; consider the personal contribution of the Heroes-Urals in the case of victory; Find out the look of our contemporaries on the fighting feats of the Urals.

3 By decree of the governor of Evgenia Kuivasheva, on the Middle Urals established a significant date - "The Day of the National Earth for the formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps during the Great Patriotic War". This holiday will be celebrated on March 11. In the year of the anniversary of the formation of the corps and its combat baptism, the significance of this topic acquires the greatest relevance.

4 In my school, I conducted a survey among the 9th - 11th grades and found out that only a small part of the students knows about UDRTK. I became very offensive, because modern young people became little interested in the history of his country. This topic is also significant because the veterans are even smaller every year, and they are the only source from which it is possible to obtain reliable information about the events of the war. Their memories acquire a special value. The memory of the heavy war, about the victory, with the difficulty of the Soviet people who had given to the Soviet people should be eternal. That is why it is necessary to be interested in the history of the country, to communicate with the participants of the war, in order to continue to convey these memories to other generations.

5 Ural Volunteer Tank Corps, its creation, formation and equipment is an unusually bright manifestation of the best features of the Soviet people. In three Ural regions - Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk, Perm, in big cities, workers, villages, villages and villages, there was an idea to form a tank corps. It was the massive desire of the Urals to take direct participation in the defeat of the enemy. The volunteer corps is born by the heart of the people.

6 Patriotic coincidence Sverdlovchani picked up the Chelyabinsk and Molotov region. In the name of the Chairman of the State Defense Committee, a letter was sent to allow to form a volunteer tank corps.

On February 24, 1943, a response telegram came from Moscow with approval and greetings of this prick.

7 The fighting path of UDRTK began in the battle on the Kursk arc. His way to victory was long and very difficult. The body freed hundreds of cities and thousands of settlements, tens of thousands of people resulted from Hitler slavery from Hitler's invaders. Ural tank workers caused vast damage to the German fascist army in a living force and technology. The last battles were for the liberation of Prague.

8 Mothers, sisters, children and wives, accomplishing at the front of Soviet soldiers, gave them their own skills. They worried, but with all their hearts believed that the Russian people were able to make a great victory that his power was great and the German fascist invaders would not be accomplished. Of the words, it is clear that the relatives and loved ones did not just wanted military success, they believed that Russia would not go without victory, that the volunteers of the Urals would show their military discipline, organized, durability and protect their homeland. Before starting to fulfill your tasks, before starting hostilities, fighters, commanders and political workers of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps uttered an oath: we swear: Clear our sacred Soviet land from German occupiers, take revenge on the enemy of his atrocities and abuse on our people. We swear: each of us will not regret your life and blood in the name of victory over the enemies of all mankind.

9 The combat baptism of the soldier of the 4th Tank Army received the north of the eagle in the summer of 1943, in the battle on the Kursk arc. The army arrived at the Bryansk front on the eve of the battles began on July 5, 1943 and during the counterattack of the Soviet troops was introduced into battle in the Oryol direction. The Ural Volunteer Tank Corps had a task: Stepping from the Medigation Area to the South, to cut the Communication of the enemy Volkhov - Khotynets, to go to the village of Slaln, and in the future we settle the iron and highway eagle - Bryansk and cut off the waste of the Oryol group of Nazis to the West. And the Urals fulfilled their task.

11 In the Berlin Operation, which began on April 16, 1945, a task was tasked: defeat the enemy in the area of \u200b\u200bCottbus and South Berlin, to assist in mastering the Berlin Troops of the 1st Belarusian Front.

12 After the completion of the Berlin battle, the case was led to the ladies area. On the night of May 6, 1945, it became known that the corpus, among other parts of the 1st Ukrainian Front, was to participate in the liberation of Czechoslovakia and its capital of Prague.

13 Film

14, 15, 16, 17 The combat path of the Ural volunteer tank corps was long and very difficult. For two years of participation in the Great Patriotic War, the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps passed from the Eagle to Prague over 5,500 kilometers, including with battles of more than 2,000 kilometers. The body freed hundreds of cities and thousands of settlements, tens of thousands of people resulted from Hitler slavery from Hitler's invaders. Ural tank workers caused vast damage to the German fascist army in a living force and technology.

18 38 The best of the best warriors of the corps was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

19 For excellent fighting, heroism, courage and courage of the Ural volunteers Moscow saluting them 27 times. "In the Guards Banner Banner, the Order of the Red Banner, Suvorov and Kutuzov II degree, on the banners of parts - 51 combat orders. Corps soldiers were handed 42,368 orders and medals, 27 soldiers and sergeants became full cavaliers of the orders of Glory. The Ural Tankists are built monuments in Berlin and Prague, in Lviv and Kamenetz-Podolsk, in Sverdlovsk and Perm, in many localities that freed volunteers.

20 I talked with the teacher of the history of our school with Seremennikova Elena Andreevna. From her story, I learned that she studied at School No. 21 of the Aperaralsk. The school worked as the Museum of the History of the Urals. In 1973, within the framework of the Museum, the group of students was invited to celebrate the 30th anniversary of UDRTK in the city of Orhel. They then went to the places of combat fame of the tank corps. In Orlovshchina, where the military operations were held directly, the schoolchildren met with the locals who shared their memories and showed one of the most mass burials of our soldiers and officers - the Krivtsovsky memorial.

And of course the greatest impression was made meeting with a retired team, former commander UTRTK Motherland G.S.

The story made an indelible impression, especially since he was accompanied by a show of photographs of that time.

21 I did a cool clock in high schools, at which I presented a presentation about UDRTC, talked with students, spent a quiz, showed videos. I hope that the guys received many new knowledge that will save in memory. After some time, I once again plan to spend the survey and check if the guys well learned the material told by me.

22 In school № 3, Aramil was formed by a volunteer squad, whose participants with great pleasure helps veterans or their families, elderly people. I, as a member of this movement, I want to say that helping and listening to older people is very nice. They with great sincerity talk about the events of the past life.

23 In the future, I plan to perform speeches on class clock in high school; Participation in the city scientific and practical conference; Meetings with veterans of the Great Patriotic War, living on the territory of the village of Aramil; The celebration of the "Day of the National Earth for the formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps during the Great Patriotic War" at school, invitation veterans for festive concerts; In-depth study of the history of the war.

24 UDRTK is an example of the real national patriotism, selfless love for the Fatherland, the unconsciousness of the Soviet people. The fighters of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps deserve respect and eternal memory. Wanting to save the homeland from the enemy, they sacrificed their lives, health, gave everything that had. The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a hull, its glorious root cases, are an example of the mighty unity of the Soviet army and the people. Recently, special attention is paid to the patriotic education of young people. I believe that my personal contribution in this direction can be expressed by this work. In the year of the 70th anniversary of UDRTK at my school, a number of events dedicated to this event will be held. It is planned to perform a speech on class hours in high school, participation in the city scientific and practical conference, meetings with the veterans of the Great Patriotic War, living in the territory of the village of Aramil. Such events contribute to the preservation of the inseparable communication of generations. Nothing can replace the living communication of young people with representatives of the older generation, having enormous life experience.

Coptev Ivan, Sabirov Maxim

The Ural Volunteer Tank Corps is pride and brainchild. This is the only tank joint in world history, which was created for voluntary contributions of residents of 3 regions - Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Molotovskaya (Perm region), overtimely work was released all that is necessary for equipping and forming a hull, from needles to tanks -34. In extreme conditions generated by the enemy invasion, the entire huge industrial complex of the capital of the Middle Urals in the shortest deadlines was translated into military time regime and is fully involved in the interests of strengthening the country's defense capability. "War of Motors" required the unprecedented power of armored troops, so the release of armored vehicles was established on a number of plants of the Sverdlovsk region. The combat path of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps from the Eagle to Prague was over 5500 kilometers.

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Ministry of Common and Vocational Education

Sverdlovsk region.

MKU "Management of GO Bogdanovich"

Municipal autonomous educational institution

Secondary school № 2

Direction: Jubilee.

Subject: The fighting path of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps.

student 9 "in" class

Maou-School number 2 Bogdanovich

Sabirov Maxim Rafailovich

student 9 "in" class

Maou-School number 2 Bogdanovich

Leader: Zueva

Svetlana Vasilyevna

teacher of history, Maou-School number 2

year 2013

Introduction

Long 1418 days and nights of the Great Patriotic War Urals were not considered either over time, nor with health, without tired of victory sword. The Ural became a truly supporting edge of the Power, the forge of a weapon.

The Ural Volunteer Tank Corps is pride and brainchild. This is the only tank joint in world history, which was created for voluntary contributions of residents of 3 regions - Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Molotovskaya (Perm region), overtimely work was released all that is necessary for equipping and forming a hull, from needles to tanks -34.

From January to March 1943, the formation of a special Ural Volunteer Tank Corps was going. On March 11, 1943, the People's Commissar of Defense issued an order and assigned the name - the 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. This day is the birthday of the hull.

The glorious combat journey passed the housing: Eagle - Lviv - Berlin - Prague. These are 5 thousand kilometers, of which 2 thousand are with battles. The Motherland appreciated the feats of the Urals, on 15 banners of the military units of the combat order.

It is enough to say that the majority of tanks were made in the Urals: Uralmash, Uralvagonzavod, Chelyabinsk Tractor, who in the years of war called "Tankograd". The enterprises of the Urals sent an endless stream to the front of mortars, mines, garnets, shells, air bombs.

In extreme conditions generated by the enemy invasion, the entire huge industrial complex of the capital of the Middle Urals in the shortest deadlines was translated into military time regime and is fully involved in the interests of strengthening the country's defense capability. "War of Motors" required the unprecedented power of armored troops, so the release of armored vehicles was established on a number of plants of the Sverdlovsk region. The fighting path of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps fromEagle before Prague compiled more than 5,500 kilometers. The body participated inOrlovskaya , Bryansk , Proskur-Chernivtsi , Lviv Sandomirskaya , Sandomiro-Silesian , Nizhne-Silesian , Upper-Silesian , Berlin and Prague offensive operations. At the decisive moment of the Great Patriotic War, the Urals made an initiative - to create a volunteer tank corps and to equip it on their savings.

This year, the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps (UDRTK) celebrates its 70th anniversary.

Before us was set as follows:

To get acquainted with the history of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps, which was created on the personal savings of the Urals, learn about their patriotism, amazing resistance, courage;

The purpose of the objectives of the study are determined:

Analysis of literature on this topic;

Get acquainted with the history of the formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps;

Trace the fighting path of UDRTK;

Get acquainted with the biography, the inhabitants of our district, who participated in the combat actions of UDRTC;

Chapter I. Ural Industry during the war years.

The largest paragraph of industrial evacuation was the Ural region, which was emphasized by the autumn of 1942 on its territory, the equipment and labor force of more than 830 enterprises, 212 of which received the Sverdlovsk region. Arrived plants and factories on the Urals used three main options for their arrangement: Some occupied the premises of related to the profile of enterprises; Others were forced to learn little adapted to industrial production area; Third were located on voids and they themselves were erected by workshops and administrative and administrative corps.

In the Sverdlovsk region, who arrived in the evacuation of the factories, or completely merged with single-profile, significantly enhancing their production capacity, or began independent activities, becoming the founders of new industries of the Urals industry. Uralmash, posing on its squares of the Izhora factory and a few more defense enterprises, turned into a colossal workshop for the production of armored vehicles. Also, the company organized the production of self-propelled artillery plants and components to the T-34 tank. In the territory of Uralvagonzavod, the Kharkov plant is placed on them. Comintern and Mariupol Plant, forming the Ural Tank Plant. The serial release of the famous T-34 tank was established.

Designers M.I. Koshkin, A.A. Morozov, N.A. Khercherenko created the average tank - the famous "thirty consuming". This tank has become the main type of tank weapons during the war years. Frontoviki gave him a high rating. It had to recognize the German officers.

As a result of the experience of mass production of Urals and first-class cars of Leningrad residents, the necessary prerequisites began to create for the rapid release of tanks. In just the years of war, about hundreds of new combat vehicles were developed by scientists and designers. Most of them were produced by conveyor production. Urals were the first in the world to put the manufacture of tanks.

In Chelyabinsk, at the factory them. Kiliacienko, produced the legendary Katyusha and on a former tobacco factory - shells for them and torpedoes for submarines.

The Serovsky Metallurgical Plant received the main equipment of the Kramatorsky and Stalinist Metallurgical Plants, Kirovgradian Medveville - Equipment of the Nevsky Chemical Plant. The issuance of reactive mortars as a result of the compound of the production and technical potentials of the Uralelectro Apparatus and the Voronezh Plant "Comintern" was increased. The Ural turctic plant, uniting with 5-Yeavacuated plants, became the largest producer of diesel engines in the country.

There were no such types of military products that were not manufactured in the Urals. Before the war, armor steel in the Urals was not produced. To satisfy the needs of the front in special varieties of ferrous metals, Metallurgists of the Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Combine had to master armor steel smelting technology in large Martensian furnaces. For the first time in history, blooming was applied to obtain tank armor, making a technical coup in metallurgical business.

Kiev Plant "Bolshevik", arriving in Sverdlovsk in August 1941 and originally placed in the premises of the garage and manufacturing artel, became the beginning of the future giant of chemical engineering-Uralchimmash. On the basis of the equipment of the Okhtinsky Chemical Combine, the Sverdlovsk Plastics Plant, which was during the war years of the Sole supplier of the resin, who went to the manufacture of Delta Wood, Aviamifiers and Baked Plywood Plyonov. Kiev "Red Rubber" and Moscow "Kauchuk" were the basis of the Sverdlovsk Tire Plant and the Reznotechnical Products Plant, which began to produce all types of rubber parts for combat

technique. In particular, both enterprises over the war years produced 223 thousand rubber rinks for 11 thousand tanks.

A strong foundation in the construction of a motorcycle plant in Irbit became the evacuated production of the Moscow motorcycle plant, the mechanical boring shop of Motors Zila and the shop of the gearboxes of the Moscow car assembly plant named after Skim. The Irbit Moto Plant created by the fusion of these industries was the main supplier to the front of heavy military motorcycle M-72, the use of which in a combat atmosphere completely deprived of a manotorized German infantry that had an advantage at the beginning of the war.

Chapter II. The history of the formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps.

The formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps is a special page in the chronicles of the Great Patriotic War, in the history of the Urals. The idea of \u200b\u200bcreating a large tank joint of volunteers arose in labor collectives of the Urals in the days when the country was impressed by the defeat of the fascists under Stalingrad. Urals, who made the main mass of tanks and self-propelled guns for the front, legally proud of the successes of our troops on the Volga, where armored troops showed their shock power.

The working "Power Supplement Edge" decided to make a unique gift to the front-line - to form a tank corps from volunteers, providing it with everything necessary at the expense of their personal savings and gratuitous work in after-school time. And this is despite the fact that the enterprises worked, mostly women and adolescents, and for 12-18 hours a day.

In a tense, sometimes a few days without leaving the workshops, everyone who was involved in the Great Foot worked. It was truly the massive labor heroism of the workers of the Urals. A huge contribution to the general case was made by Komsomolsk and youth front brigades, born in Uralmashzavoda at the end of 1941: Brigades of electric welders Alexandra Rogozhkin, Polina Pavlova, Felixes of Grozhibovskaya, Polina Stephenko, Stacnice Anna Lopatinskaya, "Pyankotnikov" and "Thousands" Anatoly Chugunova, Vasily Pakhnev .

Schoolchildren contributed their contribution to the common cause - they collected and handed over with scrap metal. It is almost impossible to list all who are involved in a massive folk feat.

In addition to gratuitous work, many made their personal savings, which was also a feat, as in conditions when people were undernourished, they needed money to all. The Blacksmiths Uralmash collected 52 thousand rubles, Technologist L. Konev made in cash 500 rubles. She wrote in those days: "I do not have savings, but everything I can, give you, my warrior." At the funds made by artists of the theater of the musical comedy by Polina Emelyanova and Anatoly Marenich, a tank was acquired. In total, 58 million rubles were made to the formation of the housing by residents of the Sverdlovsk region.

Volunteers represented the best part of labor collectives, among them there were many qualified specialists, active communists and Komsomol members. Special Commissions were selected according to one of 10-15 decent candidates with the condition that the team recommends that to replace the employee leaving on the front. The candidates were approved at the working meetings, meetings of the party and the Komsomol Committees. As a result of careful selection, 9660 people were made to the list of personnel of the corps - the best of the best.

A large tank joint was formed for a surprisingly short term. By order of the People's Commissar of Defense of March 11, 1943, he was assigned the name - the 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. The Major Major Commander of the Tank Forces G. S. Rodin, who returned to work after a heavy injury, headquarters, headquarters, the colonel B. F. Yeremeyev, the head of the political waste - Colonel S. M. Kurananov, who soon changed Colonel V. M. Shaluns.

In the solemn atmosphere, volunteers received weapons and combat techniques, continuing to comprehensively prepare for the upcoming tests. On the festive day, on May 1, 1943, the warriors of the corps took the oath to be loyal to the Fatherland, and soon he received an orders for a performance to the front.

The Urals solemnly held their best sons and daughters, presented the sissy of the sample, their own. Here are just some lines from the problems of the workers of the Urals volunteer-tankers: "Our sons and brothers, fathers and husbands! We equipped with a volunteer tank corps. With your own hands lovingly and carefully kicked weapons for you. Days and nights worked on him. In this weapon - our cherished and hottest spirits about the bright hour of our victory; In it - our solid, like the Ural-Stone, will: crush and destroy the fascist beast. In hot battles, carry this will. Remember our skill. In it - our parental love and a harsh order, a marital farewell and our oath. Do not forget: you and your cars are a particle of ourselves, this is our blood, our old good Ural glory, our fiery anger to the enemy. You are waiting for feats and glory.

We are waiting for you with the victory! And then firmly and lovingly will damage you the Urals and glorify the heroic sons of their heroic sons in the centuries. Our land, free and proud, will fold about the heroes of the Great Patriotic War of the song. " In front of the fighting banners of their parts, in the face of fellow countrymen of their warriors, the volunteers were given an oath: to perform an order and return to the native Urals only with the victory.

Echelons with personnel and military equipment on June 10, 1943 arrived in the suburbs. Here the housing was supplemented with 359 anti-aircraft artillery regiments, other parts and units, and himself entered the composition of the 4th tank army.

2.1 Birth of the case.

Major General of Tank Forces Major G.S. Major General was appointed commander Rodin, an experienced tanker who commanded the tank parts, who returned to the system after severe injury, headquarters headquarters - Colonel B.F. Eremeev, the head of the politicalotel - Colonel S.M. Kuranov, who soon changed Colonel V.M. Shaluns.

On March 11, 1943, the People's Commissar of Defense assigned the corpus name - the 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. In the solemn atmosphere, volunteers were awarded weapons and military equipment. The combat and political training began, the personnel of the corps comprehensively prepared himself to the upcoming battles with Hitler's invaders. This date is the birthday of the hull.

On the solemn wires to the front, stopping the kneein front of the banners of their parts, volunteers gave an oath -perform a fence and return to the native Ural only with the victory.

The middle link of the command formulation was staffed at the expense of tank schools and courses of improving the command formulation. The junior primary and ordinary compositions - volunteers of the Urals. Of 8206 people. The personnel of the body is only 536 people. Have experiences of hostilities.

On July 17, 1943, the material part of the corps was: T-34 - 202 tanks, T-70 - 7, BA-64 - 68 armored vehicles, self-propelled 122-mm guns - 16, 85-mm guns - 12, M-13 installations - 8, guns 76-mm - 24, 25-mm guns - 32, guns 37-mm - 16, mortars 120-mm - 42, mortar 82-mm - 52 units.

By order of the rates of the Supreme Commander, the 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps became part of the 4th Tank Army of Lieutenant Lieutenant Tank Forces Vasily Mikhailovich Badanova.

2.2. Tank Division "Black Knives".

A distinctive feature of the equipment of the personnel of the corps was the Army knives of the 1940 sample, made for each warrior from the ordinary to general by the workers of the Zlatoust tool combine. The unit received informal naming of the opponent "Schwarzmesser Panzern-Division" (Black Knives Tank Division).
During the Great Patriotic War, 9356 Finnish knives were issued specifically for the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps. These are short blades with black handles, which were in service with our tank workers, inspired the enemies fear and respect. The black knife is the peoples of the army knife of the 1941 sample, produced by the Zlatoust instrumental combine during the Great Patriotic War. In the form of a "black knife" was a Finnish sample knife with a straight single-oscillation blade, a wooden handle with a small flat iron garard and wooden sheath. The handle and the sheath were covered with a black varnish, and the iron fittings of the sheath and Garda burtered - hence the name. Knives were valued for the greater strength and sharpness of the blade and were intended for the equipment of scouts and paratroopers. In some units of intelligence, "black knife" were handed over to beginners only after taking several "languages" or other combat tests. During the formation of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps in 1943, each fighter and commander received a black knife as a gift from Zlatoust gunsmiths. On this feature, German intelligence immediately drew attention to this feature in the equipment of the Ural tank workers, which gave its own name - "Schwarzresser Manager Division" - a tank division "black knife". The amateur jazz-orchestra of the corps often performed for the fighters "song about" black knives ", the music for which Ivan Ovchinin wrote, who later died in battles for the liberation of Hungary. Mentioned" black knife "and in the" march of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps ". In small batches of the plant The officer version of the "black knife" was also produced mainly for the awards and gifts and distinguished by chrome details of the handle and herbal. Decorated knives together with the checkers were donated during the Great Patriotic War, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin and Marshal of the Soviet Union . Zhukov. Immediately after the first battles of the building, the fascists will feel that a special connection appeared on the front, the "black knives division" (black knives - a gift to volunteer-tankers from the workers of the city of Zlatoust).

Chapter III. Battle way.

3.1. Epiphany.

The 4th tank army arrived at the Bryansk front and during the counterattack of the Soviet troops was introduced into battle in the Oryol direction. In front of the 30th tank corps, the task was delivered - to cut the communications of the opponent BRACH-Khotynets and in the future, taking the Iron and Highway Road Eagle-Bryansk, cut off the path of the retreat of the Hitler group to the West.

Martial baptism The 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps received the north of Eagle on July 27, 1943 in the battle on the Kursk arc. Using the conditions of heavily rough terrain, the enemy created deeply echelonized defense on the Oryolsky ledge, powerful resistance nodes. Parts of the housing to the outcome of the day on July 27 made their way to the ORS River. Here the opponent blew bridges. Flooded as a result of the past rains float, or the bottom, the steep south bank was difficult for tanks. But, overcoming all obstacles, the 243rd Molotovskaya Tank Brigade with self-propelled-artillery regiment attacked the enemy. Tank battalions of Captain Andreeva and Major Chizhov with the move forced the Orst River in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Rylovo and Implaska village.
The next morning after the additional artillery and aviation preparation and the volley of the Guards mortars, the fighters of the 30th motorized rifle and 197th Sverdlovsk tank brigades, supported by fire self-propelled installations, went to the attack. On July 28, the Nazis were discarded behind the ORS River, and the warriors of the corps were entrenched on the north-western outskirts of the village of Dulebino.

It was the third day of battles. The Tank of Uralmashevtsev first broke through the river. The rest of the battalion cars rushed at the attack. Continuing to step on the enemy while he did not have time to gain a foothold on the next bounce, the crew was far away from its division. The enemy took advantage of this and concentrated fire on one tank. The crew of the tank died, but did not surrender to the enemy.

On the morning of July 30, 197th Sverdlovsk tank brigade of Lieutenant Colonna N.G. Zhukov, together with self-propelled-artillery regiment, forced the Nugry River and took possession of Selo Borilovo. Here the commander of the hull introduced the 244th Chelyabinsk tank brigade into battle. On August 2, the building mastered the village of Siln and came out to the enemy's enemy in the Massal region.

The actions of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps and other Front compounds created a threat to the environment of the enemy's Orlovsk group and forced it to retreat.

3.2. Shakhovo - Bryansk forests - Unecha

Before the building, a new task was set - to master the Shakhovo station and, cutting the Eagle-Bryansk railway, cut off the path of the retreating enemy. During 5-6 August, the building was transferred to the area of \u200b\u200bthe north of the settlement of Ilinskoe. The order was performed - the Corps broke through the enemy's deeply echelonized defense, freed the dozens of settlements and on August 9, Eagle-Bryansk railway in the Shakhovo district. In the summary of SovinformBüro, for August 9, 1943, it was reported: "West of our troops, continuing to move forward, took the railway station Shakhovo (34 km west of eagle) and a number of settlements. In the battles on this section, the enemy carries heavy losses in a living force and technique, as evidenced by the following facts. In the area of \u200b\u200bthe Shakhovo railway station, only dozens of German tanks were discovered in our units, heated in the last battle of the fire of Soviet artillery.

The soldiers and officers of the enemy were captured on this site reported that their 253rd infantry division in battles had lost half of their personnel over the past three days. " Captive Germans with the fear of the fighters of the hull as a selected army, which is distinguished by "black knives". Each fighter of the body from ordinary to the general was with him "Schwarzresser" - "black knife" - a personal weapon, it was just like this: a long, with a blade of tempered steel, with a black wooden handle in black sheaths.The next day, moving to the south, the part of the body cut the Eagle's highway - Bryansk and continued the offensive to the southwest, contributing to the liberation of the city of Karachay. From July 27 to August 17, 1943, during the Orlovsk operation, the corps soldiers destroyed 7,033 soldiers and officers of the enemy, 50 tanks, 133 guns, 132 mortars, seized 40 guns, 41 machine guns, 346 rifles. Over 15 thousand Soviet people who were under armed guards of the German fascist troops were liberated.

In September 1943, part of the corps participated in the battles to liberate a number of settlements of the Bryansk region. 197th Sverdlovsk Tank Brigade, supporting the actions of the 63rd army, in early September, took the city of Elbow, Brasovo station, cut the Bryansk -lvov railways, Bryansk - Kiev and went out through the Bryansk forests to the Der River. The 30th motorized rifle brigade of the body, reinforced with tanks, was received on a temporary submission to the command of the mobile group of the Bryansk Front, which had a task: to cut the Communications of the opponent Bryansk - Pochep, Unech - Klintsy, Novozybkov - Gomel.

September 23, together with other parts, the 30th motorized rifle brigade stormed the city of Unecha. To commemorate this victory, the brigade was awarded the Honorary Name - Unechskaya. She became the first compound of the hull and the 4th tank army, awarded such an honor.

In the liberation of the Unechi, the intelligence officers of Captain G.F. Mokrushina, Senior Lieutenant Kirsanov and Older Lieutenant V.V. Purvinsky.

Less than three months after the entry of the Ural volunteers in their first fight, the People's Commissar of the USSR Defense for its order No. 306 of October 26, 1943 transformed the 30th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps in the 10th Guards Ural Volunteer Tank Corps.

All parts of the housing were assigned the name of the Guards. The 197th Brigade became the 61st Guards Sverdlovsk Tank Brigade, the 243rd of the 62nd Guards Perm Tank Brigade, the 244th - 63rd Guards Chelyabinsk Tank Brigade, the 30th motorized rifle - the 29th Guards Unech Motorconvek Brigade. 1,579 soldiers, sergeants and officers were awarded orders and medals of the Soviet Union.

3.3. Volochysk - Kamenets-Podolsky

In January 1944, the 4th Tank Army entered the 1st Ukrainian Front. At this time, the troops of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd Ukrainian fronts completed the preparations for the second stage of the battle for the liberation of the Right Bank of Ukraine from the German-fascist invaders.

The 1st Ukrainian Front was tasked to defeat the 4th and 1st tank army of the enemy and develop success in the south-west direction. Our 3rd, 4th and 1st tank armies were called responsible for the fulfillment of this task.

On March 10, Eviatija Emelyanovich Belov, Deputy Commander of the 4th Tank Army, was appointed commander of the corps. He accepted the connection of the Lieutenant General of the Tank Forces Georgia Semenovich Rodina.

General E.E. Belov primarily accepted all the necessary measures to ensure that the body reliably retain the frontier of the railway at the Friedriovka region. The enemy, temporarily pushing the cabinet parts at Volochisk Station and in the village of Friedrikhovka, was discarded 15-17 km in the southern direction.

The 63rd Guards Chelyabinsk Tank Brigade After stubborn battles for the Older Engineer and Podvolochisk, by March 11, went to the Romanovsky area and in cooperation with the 118th rifle division of the 60th Army reflected the fierce attacks of the Nazis from Ternopil. So ended first

stage of this operation.

On March 21, the Urals received an order to continue the offensive and master the regional center of Kamenets-Podolsky.

After a short art preparation and aviation strike, part of the housing broke through the enemy defense and, by beating three counterattacks, traveled to the outcome of the day on March 22 in the settlements of Grimail and scout. In this battle, the 63rd Guards Chelyabinsk Tank Brigade MG was especially distinguished. Fomicheva.

Defenders of Kamenets-Podolsky, including the 61st and 63rd tank, 29th motorized rifle brigade of the 10th Guards Ural Volunteer Tank Corps, stood to death. Appointed shortly before the battles behind Kamenets-Podolsky, the head of the Polytotel Corps an experienced polymatographer, in the past secretary of the partner of the Moscow Automobile Plant, Colonel I.F. Zakharchenko became one of the organizers of the city defense. At the most dangerous moment, when the "Tigers" broke off in the position of the Minetners of the Unech Brigade, the former Blacksmith Degtyar Mine Guard Private Ivan Nikolayevich Dolgov secured the belt on the chest of the anti-tank mine, took a grenade into each hand on a bunch and, rising to the whole height, shouted: "For the homeland ! " The price of the life of Volunteer "Tiger" was destroyed. Inspired by the feat of I.N. Dolgova, mortar rods dropped the enemy.

The Supreme Commander announced gratitude for mastering the city of Kamenets-Podolsky distinguished in the fights by the troops of the Major General Tank Forces of Belov, Colonels Smirnova, Zhukov, Denisov, Fomicheva, and more than five thousand corps warriors were awarded orders and medals for heroism, manifested when the city is released. The 61st Guards Tank Brigade was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.

3.4. Lviv-Sandomira offensive operation.

In the summer of 1944, the Guards Ural Volunteer Tank Corps took part in the offensive operation of the 1st Ukrainian Front in the Lviv direction.

July 17 Commander of the 4th Tank Army General D.D. Lebushenko put the challenge: enter the breakthrough in the area of \u200b\u200bthe village of Koltow and step after the 3rd Guards Tank Army in the overall direction of the village of Trostyanets-Mal. From the district of Zlochev, turn in the southwest direction, bypassing lions from the south, destroy the reserves of the enemy and to seize the town of the town 30 km west of Lviv. Performing this task, the building by July 18 mastered the town of Olshanitsa.

On July 19, due to the changed atmosphere, the lack of reserves from the enemy in the area of \u200b\u200bLvov, the command of the 1st Ukrainian Front put in front of the 4th tank army, the task "a rapid blow to the location of the city of Lviv from the south in cooperation with the 3rd Guards Tank Army to master the city of Lviv " It was a new task - not bypass Lviv, but to take it.

The Commander of the 1st Ukrainian Front of the Marshal of the Soviet Union I.S. was given high assessment of the actions of the case in Lviv Horseback In his book "Notes Commander Front. 1943-1944 "He wrote:" The corps fought well, but the Nazis managed to cut it off from the rest of the army ... The 10th Guards Tank Corps (Ural Volunteer) can generally be called one of the best in all respects, including in matters Organization of the commission of marches, discipline and fighting

July 27 Moscow Saluteoval Forces for the liberation of Lviv.Volunteer corps became Ural-Lviv. The Sverdlovsk Guards Brigade, the 72nd heavy tank regiment, the 359th zenith and the 1689th fighten-anti-tank shelf were also called Lviv.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded five fearless warriors of the building, distinguished in battles for the liberation of the city. Among them, the commander of the Chelyabinsk Guards Tank Brigade Mikhail Georgievich Fomichev, the tankists of this brigade - the driver-driver Fedor Pavlovich Surkov, the commander of Tanka Pavel Pavlovich Kuleshov and the commander of the motorized rifle battalion of the Unech Brigade Akhmadulla Khozheevich Ashmukhametov.

Over six thousand corps warriors were awarded orders and medals.

On October 21, 1944, the commander of the Corps was appointed Colonel N.D. Chuprov, and General E.E. Belov returned to the post of deputy commander of the 4th Tank Army.

At the end of 1944, the 622nd Novgorod self-propelled-artillery regiment entered the corps, subsequently renamed the 425th Guards.

3.5. In Silesia.

In February-March 1945, battles in the lower and Upper Silesia were unfolded.

The 1st Ukrainian front was tasked - defeat the Silesian group of the enemy, to reach the Neutsea River and take more favorable initial positions for subsequent strikes on the Berlin and Dresden directions.

On February 8, the Lower-Silesian Operation began with a bridgehead for Oder. The 10th Guards Ural Voluntary Tank Corps was ordered together with the compounds of the 13th Army to strike in the direction of the cities of Zorau and Forst. On the first day of the offensive, the corps managed to break through the defense of the enemy and successfully develop success. By February 11, the dam was captured on the Bober River in the area of \u200b\u200bthe city of Zagan. The 29th Guards Unech Motion Truck Brigade, reinforced with tanks from the 62nd Guards Permian-Kelets Tank Brigade, took a good hydroelectric power station.

On February 13, the part of the corps broke into the city of Zora. During fierce street fighting, tank workers and motorized rifles, supported by the firewood of a mortar regiment, overcoming the ambush of the Nazis in the basements and in attics, destroyed the tanks and firing points of the enemy and on the same day they completely cleaned the city from the German fascist troops. The tank division and other enemy parts were crushed here, rich trophies are captured, including more than 200 serviced aircraft stored in secret warehouses.

For the successful implementation of combat missions during the Lower Silesian operation, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of its orders from 14 and 15 February 1945 twice declared gratitude to the personnel of the case.

The command of the army put the 10th Tank Corps to the task of the 117th Rifle Corps of the 21st Army to strike on the enemy in the direction of the city of Neutse and enter the area of \u200b\u200bNeustadt and Zyulz cities. To the outcome of the first day of the offensive, overcoming the stubborn resistance of the enemy, reflecting its continuous counterattacks, the hull tankers broke through the defense of the Germans and advanced by 8 kilometers. Then the offensive developed more successfully. On March 17, the Corps forced the Neuris River (South) at Rothkaus. The surroundings of the Oppelskaya group ended. The efforts of our troops surrounded by the group was separated from the main forces of the enemy twenty kilometer stripe.

On the same day, the telegram of the Supreme Commander was received on the transformation of the 4th Tank Army in the 4th Guards Tank Army, which was perceived by tankers with great enthusiasm.

Surrounded by German-fascist connections and parts made desperate attempts to escape from the boiler. I.S. Konev ordered: "The emerging groups of the enemy to destroy, captivate ... not to produce an enemy from the environment."

The 10th Guards Ural Volunteer Tank Corps made a significant contribution to the fulfillment of this order. In his book "Forty Fifth" I.S. Konev noted: "The Nazis took the first powerful counterdaddar from the outside of the surroundings of the Tank Division" Herman Gering "on the outside. However, our 10th Guards Tank Corps under the command of E.E. Belova held steadfastly and beat off this onion. "

By the morning of March 22, the surrounded group of the enemy was completely eliminated.

Following the destruction of the Optelskaya grouping of the enemy, the troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front had to seize Ratibor - the support point and the industrial center of the Upper Silesia. In solving this combat task, together with the 60th army, the 4th Guards Tank Army took part. The 10th Guards Tank Corps was ordered on the night from 24 to 25 March to focus in the Leobshetz area and be ready to develop a blow towards Troppau. Heavy battles started. Against the 10th Tank Corps, the division "Protection of the Führera" was operating, for which the German command has made special hopes. Ural tankers once again showed their skill to successfully fight with the best opponents. Enemy defense began to fall apart.

On March 31, together with the buildings of the 60th army, our tank workers began storming ratboring, and the opponent could not stand the onslaught of Soviet troops. Ratibor group ceased to exist.

The Supreme Commander-in-Chief in the order of March 31 announced gratitude to the corps, including the 61st Guards Sverdlovsk-Lviv Tank Brigade, for excellent fighting in mastering the cities of Ratibor and Biscau.

3.6. Storm Berlin

In the Berlin Operation, which began on April 16, 1945, the 1st Ukrainian Front was tasked with the task of defeating the enemy in the area of \u200b\u200bthe city of Cottbus and South Berlin, the right wing to assist the troops of the 1st Belarusian Front in Mastering Berlin. The 4th Guards Tank Army had to be included in the breakthrough in the lane of the 5th Guards Army.

Commanderm General D.D. Lelushenko to accelerate the hacking of the tactical defense of the enemy set the task of the 10th Guards Urals Voluntary Tank Corps to allocate two brigades in an advanced detachment and step on the site of the 95th Guards Rifle Division towards the city of Beskov.

On April 16, at 13.00, the advanced detachment of the corps made a part of the 62nd Guards Permian-Kelets Tank Brigade I.I. Semal, reinforced by heavy tanks, anti-tank artillery and part of the forces of the 29th Guards Unech Motor Stretch Brigade A.I. Efimova.

Parts of the hull defeated up to two regions of enemy tank divisions "Fuhrera's guard" and "Bohemia", captured the headquarters of the Division "Protection of Fuhrera". The enemy at this site was defeated on April 17.

On the night of April 18, the 1st Ukrainian Front received an indication of the Supreme Commander to turn part of the Siberian direction of Berlin. The 10th tank corpus was ordered to develop an offensive in the direction of Lukkau, Dama, Lukekenwalde, Potsdam, to force the channels of the Bulk and on the night of April 21 to master the southwestern part of Berlin. On April 8, Tankers of the 61st Tank Brigade forced the Sprey River. Defense in the neutis - spree interference was broken, the corps broke into operational space and rushed in a rapid pace in the north-west direction, on-wearing strikes on the enemy and day, and at night.

Four days were taken to the cities of Calau, Lukkau, Lukesenwalde, Zamunda.The 61st Tank Brigade came to the Frankfurt motorwayn. a-Oder - Hannover and, overcoming it, on April 23, seized the settlement of Bergholz Rebruska near Potsdam. At the direction of the front commander, in order to avoid unnecessary victims, the 29th motorized rifle brigade, advanced in Easterndirection to the city of Telt, crossed through the channel in pontoon places, induced parts of the 3rd Guards Tankarmy. Following the colonel's motorized riflesA.I. Efimova Berlin broke tankers62nd Tank Brigade Colonel I.I. Little.On the same days, the rest of the corps continued to leadfighting in Berlin, and achieved by them success received a high assessment of the command. In his book "Moscow - Stalingrad - Berlin - Prague" Comandarm GeneralDD Lelyushenko wrote:

"In the same May Day, when we fought with the superior enemy's forces on two fronts ... The 10th Guards Tank Corps of Belov, together with the 350th rifle division of meshin and other connections of the army continued to persistently storm the southwest part of Berlin, Pressing the enemy to the Brandenburg Gate. "

During the Berlin operation, the Corps was four times the orders of the Supreme Commander. The housing and all of his brigades were awarded by combat orders.

The title of the Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded the commander of the motorized rifle brigade Colonel Andrei Illarionovich Efimov, the commander of the fighter-anti-tank artillery regiment Colonel Nikolai Semenovich

Schulzhenko and commander of the battalion of the Sverdlovsk Tank Brigade Captain Vladimir Aleksandrovich Markov.

On the night of May 6, 1945, it became known that the corpus was among the other parts of the 1st Ukrainian Front to participate in the liberation of Czechoslovakia and its capital of Prague. Hiding at night march, part of the housing in the morning on May 6 focused in the area of \u200b\u200bOshatts - Riza, North-West Dresden, and the occasion began during the day. Breaking the resistance of the enemy, the Urals in the evening went to the area of \u200b\u200bNeukirchen, Tannenberg, Zendisbor, Starbach, and the 63rd Tank Brigade - in the city of Nossen - 35 kilometers west of Dresden.

On May 8, the part of the body came out on the line of the Bridge -Dukhtsev - Teplice - Shanov. Prague - 80 kilometers. On the night of May 8 to May 9, the Urals overcame the mountain range the Mittel and Avalanche poured onto the plain. The main forces led by the Guards Chelyabinsk Tank Brigade rushed to Lown, Sleg. On the left, with their own route, the Sverdlovsk tank brigade.

In 3 hours on May 9, the tanks of the 63rd tank brigade broke into the capital of Czechoslovakia. At 4 o'clock the city included the main forces of the corps, and soon other compounds of the 4th tank army.

The first in Prague broke the crew T-34 No. 23 of the Guards Chelyabinsk Tank Brigade under the command of Lieutenant I.G. Goncharenko from the platoon of Lieutenant L.E. Burakova. When approaching the bridge across the Vltava River during the proposed artillery duel, the brave commander Ivan Grigorievich Goncharenko was killed. For many years in Prague there was an area of \u200b\u200bSoviet tank workers with Soviet tank under No. 23 on the pedestal.

At 4 o'clock in the morning, the Guards Ural Volunteer Tank Corps was in the capital of Czechoslovakia, and soon after the first commandant of the Military garrison of Prague commander of the Corps E.E. Belov gave the first peace order for the troops.

Crew Tank I.G. Goncharenko

For heroism, manifested with the liberation of Prague, the Supreme Commander declared gratitude to the personnel of the body.

Commander of the Corps Lieutenant General Tank Forces E.E. Belov was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. Commander of the 63rd Guards Chelyabinsko-Petrakovsky Tank Brigade Colonel M.G. Fomichev began twice the hero of the Soviet Union.

Chapter IV. Countrywood-Urals who fought in UDRTC.

In the midst of the Stalingrad battle, the Urals team worked at the limit of their capabilities, providing front with equipment and weapons. However, Sverdlovsk, Perm and Chelyabiners decided to make another contribution to the victory of the Motherland. On January 16, 1943, a note "Tank Corps over Plan" appeared in the Ural Worker newspaper. It reported on the obligations of the largest teams of the Ural Tank Trucks: to make in the first quarter over the busy tasks of the GCO (State Defense Committee) so many tank and self-propelled equipment as required on the tank case, simultaneously teach cars from their working drivers. February 26, 1943 began to form the body. The news about it was shielded by the whole of the Urals, and the flow of statements was hung - over one hundred thousand, and about ten thousand volunteers were required for the formation of the hull. Among the volunteers of the Sukhoj District, where Bogdanovich was, were Jacob Alexandrovich Poskushin, Vasily Semenovich Trubin, Dmitry Nikolaevich Smetanin.

Many of the veterans and laying day remember the time.

Astrakhantsev Ivan Ivanovich Volunteer on the Komsomol Pourevka at the age of incomplete eighteen years has gone from the city of Socyus. It was young, strong and energetic, and most importantly he graduated from tractor drivers courses, knew how to drive a car, this was determined by his future military specialty-driver T-34 tank. After the war, even foreign experts will call this car with the best tank times of World War II. In mid-March 1943, among other volunteers in Nizhny Tagil began to study the material part, tactics of fighting and other military disciplines required in a combat atmosphere. The first of May, Echelon with tanks and wagons for personnel was standing on the spare ways of the Sverdlovsky railway station, and on the suspension square, the fighters took the oath, gave an oath to countrymen - Uralsham, received personal weapons. The Sverdlovsk tank brigade in July arrived in the front-line strip and unloaded at the railway station of Kozelsk Oryol region. The first fight took under Khatnych, where they cut the path to the retreat of the Germans, which suffered defeat in the Orlovsk-Kursk arc. Here, the Ural tank workers won the first victory over the fascists. "Unech's city was a hot battle, there were more than a week in continuous battles, we beat the Germans strongly, but we had a lot of us," "says Ivan Ivanovich. There Ivan Astrakhantsev received the first wound in hand and head with fragments from a broken projectile. After two months of treatment, the hospital returned to his battalion. Under Kamitsetsk-Podolsky, the battle went a few days. Near the Sugar Plant for the first time, our T-34 entered into a duel with German "tigers", there were nine pieces on this site. Our tank has knocked out the running part, we took the machine gun and left. Soon Ivan was planted to travel to the front shells and mines.

Once he returned from the front line, suddenly near the car there was a strong explosion, and I remember only how I flew through the air, the explosive wave was thrown out of the cab. Sanitars were picked up, I fielling, from the throat was blood, while he was wounded into the right thigh, two bone fractures were determined in the hospital. He was treated in the hospitals of Zhytomyr, Novgorod-Volynsky, Kiev and in the Urals, in Kyshtyma. Received the disability of the second group and was dismissed by clean. The wound was heavy and protracted, for his life I moved twenty operations. For participation in the battles was awarded the Order of the Red Star and the Medal "For Cook." Military title had a senior sergeant driver T-34 tank. In 1960 he came to the lower round, worked as a first class driver in the fire protection and medical part. In March 2003 he went to Ekaterinburg to a meeting of veterans. From a multi-thousand team, units remained, only fifty people were attended at the meeting. Recalling the service in a tank corps, Ivan Ivanovich says: "We all went to the front voluntarily, the people came to them, mostly competent, bold and morally enduring. Many died among us, but the mood was always kind, patriotic. They knew what they were fighting. There were no whots and panties. The Germans were afraid of us. Not so long ago, his comrade for arms lived here.

Kazantseva Artemia Vasilyevich, many people know the resident of our city.

In 1925, he was called in the ranks of the Soviet Army. In February 1943 and sent to the 56th training anti-tank regiment, then in September 1943 in the 61st Sverdlovsk tank brigade. From February 1943 to May 9, 1945, he fought as part of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corruptment of the 4th Tank Army of the 1st Ukrainian Front. He took part in the liberation of the city of Lviv, in the capture of Berlin, the liberation of Prague. Military title - Stordy Guard. Demobilized in July 1950 returned home. In 1951 he married. With a seraphic of the arrest, his wife, happily live and lay the day, with pride of Artemia Vasilyevich recalls how the volunteer tank corps was equipped with, with honor, they performed the punishes of their countrymen.

Artemy Vasilyevich was awarded the "Order of the Patriotic War" II-degree, 2 orders of the Red Star, medals: "For military merit", "For the capture of Berlin", "For the victory over Germany", "for the liberation of Prague" and many anniversary medals.

The title of Honorary Citizen of the city was assigned by the decision of the Executive Committee No. 302 of 17.04.95

In March 2013, Artemia Vasilyevich was invited to an anniversary celebration, in honor of the 70th anniversary of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps, which will be held in Yekaterinburg.

To date, Artemy Vasilyevich, the only survivor, from the veterans of UTRTK in our area. Despite his age (87 years old), he is young soul, cheerful, active person.

Conclusion.
3A Two years of participation in the Great Patriotic War, the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps passed from Eagle to Prague Over 5500 kilometers, including with battles - more than 2,000 kilometers. The body freed hundreds of cities and thousands of settlements, tens of thousands of people resulted from Hitler slavery from Hitler's invaders. Ural tank workers inflicted a huge damage of the German fascist army in alivestrength and technique.

In the course of work, we met with the history of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps, which was created on the personal savings of the Urals, learned about their patriotism, amazing resistance, courage

Analyzed the literature on this topic;

Traced the combat path of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps;

Get acquainted with the materials, about veterans UTRTK who fought in a tank corps

I got acquainted with the inhabitant of our district Kazantsev Artemia Vasilyevich, who passed all the way to Berlin.

For excellent fighting, heroism, the courage and courage of the Ural volunteers, the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of 27 times declared the corpus and its parts of gratitude. The hull was awarded the orders of the Red 3Names, Suvorov II degree and Kutuzov II degree. In the Armed Forces of the USSR, at the end of the Great Patriotic War, there were 29 compounds and parts awarded five or more orders. And among them, five compounds and parts were part of the 10th Guards of the Urals-Lviv Volunteer Tank Corps.

After graduating from the Great Patriotic War, the 10th Ural Volunteer Tank Corps on June 15, 1945 was renamed the 10th Guards Tank Ural-Lviv Volunteer Red Banner, Order of Suvorov and Kutuzov Division.

The memory of the hull will live in the centuries!

Bibliography.

1. Antufyev A. A. Industry of the Urals on the eve and during the Second World War. M. 1992.
2. Bubnov V. I. On sources on the history of factories and factories of the period of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945) // From the history of factories and factories: Sat Art. Vol. 1. - Sverdlovsk: KN. Publishing house, 1960. - P. 113-118.
3. Vasilyev A. F. Industry of the Urals in the years of 1941-1945. M.1982.
4. Kazantsev A.V. People's Word // Agolae Urals We have done! - Bogdanovich, March 23, 2003.
5. Kornilov G.E. Ural village in the Great Patriotic War. Sverdlovsk, 1990.
6. Feat of the Labor Urals. Sverdlovsk, 1965.
7. Enterprises [Urals] born in 1942 // Ural Monasses: Calendar Ref. 1992. - Chelyabinsk, 1991. - P. 333-335.
8. Siezerzetdinov B. U. To historiography of the issue of placing evacuated enterprises in the Urals during the Great Patriotic War // Urals and Western Siberia during the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945: (Rear of World War II): Materials Scientific. conf. - Surgut, 1996. - P. 59-62.
9. Sobolev S.V. People's Word // Name woven into the biography of the city. - Bogdanovich, November 29, 2005.
10. Urals-volunteers - Yekaterinburg: Lyceum No. 130, USTU.
    http://www.pobeda.nexcom.ru/is.htm.
    

    Application.

    Main combat operations.

    operation.

    operation.

    Song of black knives
    Words R. Nik
    Music N.Komma and I. Ovchinina
    Whisper in fear of each other fascists,
    Trying in the dark of the dandels:
    Appeared from the Urals tanker
    Division of black knives.

    Selfless fighters of squads,
    They will not kill their courage.
    Oh, do not like fascist reptiles
    

    How from armor gunners jumped,
    You can't take them with fire.
    Volunteers do not minimize avalanche
    After all, each black knife.

    Racing tanks of the Urals,
    Ethnic power throwing in a shiver,
    Oh, do not like fascist reptiles
    Our Ural Steel Black Knife!

    We will write the Gray Urals:
    "Be confident in my sons,
    We didn't drois daggers,
    So that the fascists were afraid of them. "

    We will write: "Way, as it should,
    And the Ural gift is good! "
    Oh, do not like fascist reptiles
    Our Ural Steel Black Knife!

    March of the Ural Volunteer Tank Corps.

    The song was written in 1943 before sending the corps from the Urals to the front.

    Words N. Tikhomirova

    Music K. Katsman

    We are depreciated to weapons
    Protect life, freedom and honor.
    And the volunteers of the Urals
    In the formidable corps, carrying death

    Chorus:

    For the depreciation, for their homeland,
    For the Soviet system,
    Volunteer Grozny
    Ural Tank Corps, Battle!

    As their relatives collected us,
    Guns, the tanks of the people bought,
    Equipment Good Dali
    Everyone supplied us the mighty urals.

    Chorus:

    For the depreciation, for their homeland,
    For the Soviet system,
    Volunteer Grozny
    Ural Tank Corps, Battle!

    Losses of military personnel (thousand)

    • Killed and died from the Russian Academy of Sciences at the Stages of Sanitary Evacuation-5226,800
    • Died from wounds in hospitals -1102,800
    • Died from diseases, died as a result of incidents and accidents, sentenced to shooting-555,500 people
    • Lost, 3396.4 people were captured
    • Unrecorded losses of the first months of 1162.6 people
    • All (died?) 11 million 444.1 thousand people

    Returned from the captivity after the end of the war -1836.0 thousand people.

    The number of the population in front of the war (in 1941) - 194 million people.