Institutions 14.02.1735 by the Duke of Holstein-Gottorpsky Carl Friedrich (Karl Friedrich, Herzog Zu Holstein-Gottorp, 04/30/1700-18.06.1739) in honor of his wife Anna Petrovna, the eldest daughter Peter I, on the day of the decade of their wedding. After the death of Karl Friedrich, the Ducal throne moved to his son Karl Petrier Ulrich, who in 1742 was declared by Elizabeth by Petrovna's heir to the Russian throne, transported to Russia and baptized under the name of Peter Fedorovich (the future emperor Peter III). From that moment on, Russian nationals began to be awarded with the Holstein Order of St. Anne, and the first suggestion took place on 05.02.1742.

In the Russian premium system, the Order was introduced on 05.04.1797, on the day of the coronation of the son of Peter III Paul I. Then he was divided into three degrees, but in subsequent ordinance signs undergo a variety of changes. The fourth degree of the Order was established on 12/28/1815 by Emperor Alexander I and was worn on weapons, having received an informal nickname "Cranberry" because of his appearance.

The first Russian Statute of the Order was adopted only in 1829 under the emperor Nicolae I, and the following statute was approved in 1845

Order of St. Anne 1st degree

A large golden cross of 52x52 mm in size in the right hip was rumped on a tape 10- 11 cm wide through the left shoulder, a silver wrought or seated star with a diameter of about 95 mm was mounted on the right side of the chest. By the way, the Order of Sv.anna was the only reward, whose star was worn on the left side of the chest, but on the right.

Below is a description of the signs of the Order of St. John from the "Code of Institutions of State" editions of 1892 (Book VIII, section II, Chapter 8).

"Cross Golden, big, covered with red finifts; At the edges of the Cross Gold Cayms, in the corners of the compound of these golden through jewelry; In the middle of the front side, on the white finifhea field, the Gold Cayimu's golden, the image of Sv.anna, and on the back, on the same field, the Latin blue-color monogram the initial letters of the Ordinas Devision, under the crown. "

"Forged Silver Star, in the middle of the Red Cross; Around the cross, on red finiftsi, Latin motto: AMANTIBUS Justitiam, Pietatem, Fidem, i.e. Loving truth, piety, loyalty. This motto is borrowed from the initial letters of the name and kind of Great Princess Anna Petrovna: A.i.p.f. (Anna, Imperatoris Petri Filia, Anna Emperor Peter Dshcher). "

Order ribbon red with yellow stripes around the edges.

Order of St. Anne 2nd degree

The cross is smaller (approximately 44x44 mm) rushed on the neck tape 45 mm wide.

Until 14.02.1874. Signs of the Order of the 1st and 2nd degrees could be awarded with the imperial crown as a "elevation of dignity" (from 1829) and without it. Cavalers of the Order with the Crown, however, have retained the right to her wearing and after the highest decree.

Order of St. Anne 3rd degree

The small cross of approximately 35x35 mm is rushed on the chest on the tape of 22 mm wide or in a loop. In 1828-1855 To the Order, awarded for merit on the battlefield, Bantian believed from the Order Tape for the differences of military personnel from civilian cavaliers. However, in December 1857, the bow was restored as a sign of the honors from civilian officials who were honored with swords for military merit in war.

Order of St. Anne 4th degree (so-called "Cranberry")

Cross on Ephesus of personal cold weapons, a dormant from the Order Tape.

"Red finifhea cross, in a golden field concluded in the red finifhea circle; Over the cross Golden Crown. This sign is attached to the military sword, saber, semi-faces, the executioner, cortica (to the latter on the top of the handle). When awarded, at the military feats, he fishes on Ephesus (the cortician on the contamination of the arc handles) inscription: for courage [this award was called "the Order of St. Anne 4th degree with the inscription" For courage "- approx.Vutor]. Such an inscription complains and those who have already the fourth degree of the Order for others, not military differences will have a new feat of the military. Granted sim familiar with the inscription: For courage, wearing danks, from the ribbon of the Order of St. Anne with silver brushes, according to the approved samples. "

"Class officials who have honored to get the Order of the Fourth Degree for the differences, under the enemy shots rendered, assigned a dank from the tape of this Order without inscription on the sword: for courage."

In rewarding the Order of the lower degree, the signs of the lower degrees were not worn, except for the signs of the Order of the 4th degree on cold weapons.

From 08/09/1844, when awarding the Order of the Nechristian religion, the image of Sv.anna and the Cross was replaced by the state coat of arms of the Russian Empire - a two-headed eagle of black.

The highest decree of 05.08.1855, when awarding the Order for military merits to the star and the cross added crossed swords, which took place through the middle of the star or cross. In case the Order complained more than other differences, and the cavalier had already had a low degree of the Order for the degree, the swords were attached from top of the cross or on the top ray of the star.

According to the Statute of the Award, "the Order of the Sv.anna may be awarded, at the highest discretion, also foreigners, in the service of his imperial Majesty not consisting of" (paragraph 466 of the second "on the merits awarded by the Order of St. John" from the above-mentioned arch).

Foreigners-Cavalers of the Order, which did not consist in Russian service, along with some other categories of Russian subjects, were released from paying a one-time monetary recovery in the Order of the treasury. For all the rest of the contributions to the capital of the Order "On Gunning Cases" was 150 rubles. (1st degree), 35 rubles. (2nd degree), 20 rubles. (3rd degree), 15 rubles. (4th degree). At the same time, with awards to the swords to the Order from the cavalier, only half of the above mentioned amount was charged.

He was although he was one of the youngest in the hierarchy of the orders, but at the same time, during his existence, they were awarded a colossal number of people - more than one hundred thousand. "Amateur" will tell about what merits were received by Anna.

History of Order

The eldest daughter of Peter I, Anna Petrovna, in 1725 was married to the Duke of Halstein-Gottorpsokgo Karl Friedrich. A few years later, Anna Petrovna died tragically after childbirth in German duchy. The annoyed Karl Friedrich, having decided to honor his spouse's memory, established the Order of St. Anne in 1735. Carlo was not long destined to be a widow: he died four years after the establishment of the Order, leaving after himself the heir of Charles Peter Ulrich.

Order of St. Anne. (Wikipedia.org)

In 1742, the childless Empress Elizabeth called his heir to the nephew - Karl Peter, who was simply called Peter Fedorovich in Russia. Petr Fedorovich (the future emperor Peter III), having moved to Russia, brought with him and the Order of St. Anna, who was immediately awarded the son of Field Marshal Sheremetyev. After the death of Peter III, the Order went to Pavlu inherited. On the day of Coronation Paul I, April 5, 1797, the Order of St. Anne was counted among the state orders of the Russian Empire and was divided into three degrees. In 1829, the first statute (Charter) of the Order was released.

Excerpts from "Institution of orders and other signs of differences" (1892)

1. The Imperial Order of Steight Anna is established as a reward of fells committed on the field of public service, and in the rejection of labor, for the benefit of public circulation.

2. The Order of St. Anna is divided into four degrees. Signs of his essence:

First degree. Golden cross, big, red finifesty; At the edges of the Cross Gold Cayms, in the corners of the compound of these golden through jewelry; In the middle of the front side, on the white finifhea field, and the gold kayimu visited, the image of St. Anne, and on the back, on the same field, the Latin blue color of the initial letters of the Order of the Maiden, under the crown. It is worn on red with a yellow border with a width of two with a quarter of a top, through the left shoulder, with a cooking silver on the right side of the chest star, in the middle of the Red Cross; Around the cross, on red finiftsi, Latin motto: amantibus Justitiam, Pietatem, Fidem, that is, who loves the truth, piety, loyalty.

Second degree. The cross is similar to the first degree, but less than the magnitude, is worn around the neck, on the ribbon in one top of the width.

Third degree. Cross even less magnitude; Worn in a loop, on the ribbon wide in the crook.

Fourth degree. Red finifhea cross, in a golden field concluded in the red finifhea circle; Over the cross Golden Crown. This sign is attached to the military sword, saber, semi-faces, the executioner, cortica (to the latter on the top of the handle). When awarded, at the military feats, they adapt on Ephesus (the cortic on the contamination of the arc handles) inscription: for courage. Such an inscription complains and those who have already the fourth degree of the Order for others, not military differences will have a new feat of the military.

3. On the star and on the crosses over degrees, complained to non-Christians, the images of St. Anne and the Cross are replaced by the image of the imperial Russian eagle.

4. Cavallers are not allowed to decorate the Order of the Stones.

5. The Order of St. Anne is celebrated by the cavaliers annually on the third day of February. In the present day, they complained by the honored distinction of this Kavalâria Duma.

6. In all ordinance processions and celebrations, the holders of the Order of St. Anne go and place are occupied by the seniority of the degrees and their awards, and the spiritual parties are sled in the middle of two senior cavaliers. With the desks for cavaliers, the holders of the Order of St. Anne sit near the cavalier ladies of the Order of St. Catherine.

Rules of wearing Order

I degree. Cross on ribbon through the left shoulder, the star on the right side of the chest. It is relying 350 or 200 rubles an annual pension.

II degree. The cross is less than the neck on the ribbon, also called Anna on the neck. 150 or 120 rubles annual pension relies.

III degree. The cross is even less than the magnitude of the chest on the ribbon. 100 or 90 rubles annual pension relies.

IV degree. Cross on the Ephesus of Cold Weapons and Temory from the Order Tape. 50 or 40 rubles annual pension relies.

Attribute of the Great Commissioner

It so happened that the first Order to which the future generalissimus A. V. Suvorov was presented, became the Order of St. Anne. The same Order deserved even with Elizabeth Father Suvorov. In 1789, the Future Field Marshal Kutuzov was awarded the Order of St. Anne.

The Order of St. Anne was established in 1736. Hollytein-Gottorpian Duke Carl Friedrich in memory of the dead in 1728, the daughter of Emperor PeterI. Anna Petrovna.
After death in 1739, the duke of Charles Friedrich The throne of Duchy moved to his son Duke Karl-Pruz-Ulrich. Becoming in 1742 the heir to the Russian throne and adopting Orthodoxy under the name of the Grand Duke Peter Feodorovich, the sovereign brought with him and the Order of St. Anne. In February 1742, four more four were added to two cavaliers of this Order (Duke Carlo Friedrich and the Grand Duke of Peter Feodorovich): Chargers M. I. Vorontsov, A. G. Razumovsky, Brothers A. I. and P. I. Shuvalov. By the time when the Grand Duke Peter Feodorovich became Emperor PeterIII Tens of his subjects were granted to the Order of St. Anna.

After the first time in 1762 on the Russian throne of the wife of Emperor PeterIII , Empress EkaterinaII. , their son Grand Duke Pavel Petrovich became the Duke of Hollytein-Gottorpsky and at the same time grandmaster of the Order of St. Anne. On the establishment of Russian orders of Emperor PaulI. From April 5, 1797, the Order of St. Anna became referred to as the Russian order and was divided into three degrees.

Order I and II degrees from 1796 to 1828. Decorated with diamonds and accounted for the highest degree of the Order. Orders of St. Anne were awarded both Russian and foreign subjects for public service, and from April 1, 1847 and "For the unworthy 12-year-old service in one post, not lower than the eight class."

In 1815, the fourth degree of the Order of St. Anna, which was awarded only the military.

From 1829, only foreign subjects were awarded orders with diamond decorations, and the Order of St. Anne was established for awarding Russian subjects.I and II. degrees with the imperial crown and without the crown.

From June 6, 1828 to the OrderIII The degree was attached a bow for cavaliers awarded by this Order for military exploits.

From August 9, 1844, a Russian state eagle was placed on all the order of signs intended for awarding "Inoverts", instead of the images of saints and crosses.

According to the highest decree of August 5, 1855, to the Order of St. AnneI, II and III The degree issued for military exploits was joined by crossed swords passing through the middle of the cross and stars.

From December 15, 1857 to the Order of St. AnnaIII The degree with swords, handed to military ranks, joined the bow from the Order Tape.

The highest decree of February 14, 1874 was canceled by the Order of St. AnneI and II. degree with the imperial crown.

The motto of the Order: "Loving the truth, piety and loyalty."

The Order consists of signs: a golden cross, a red ribbon with a yellow border and eight-pointed star.

Order wear:

I. degree - cross on a tape 10 cm wide through the left shoulder, and the star on the right side of the chest;

II. degree - cross on the neck on a ribbon 4.5 cm wide;

III degree - cross on the chest on a ribbon 2.2 cm wide;

IV Degree - on the Ephesus of Cold Weapons with a Temken from the Order Tape.

Description of ordine signs

The cross with the facial and back side is covered with red finifts. At the edges of the Cross Golden Cayms. Between the ends of the cross is a gold openwork ornament. In the middle of the front side, in a socket covered with white finifesty and circled with golden border, the image of St. Anne.

On the back side, in the outlet, on a white field of monogram, covered with blue enamel, "AIPF. "(Anna Emperor Peter Daughter).

Ribbon silk moored red color with yellow border along the edge.

Silver star eight-pointed. In the center of the star, in the outlet, on the golden background, the Cross, filled with a red enamel. In the circumference on a red background gold letters applied inscription: "Amantibusjustitiam, PietatemFidem. "(Loving truth, piety and loyalty).

Above the inscriptions - two angel supporting the imperial crown.

Sign of the Order of St. Anne 1st Class. Bronze, mercury gilding, width 57.7 mm, height 67, 5 mm. Image taken from the Internet Auction catalog Sotheby "S" Russian Works of Art "12.06.2008

workshop A. Panova (?). The beginning of the XIX century. Size 64.5 x 55 mm. Weight 26.9 g. Gold, enamel, rhinestones, stained glass. In 1800-1820 Annually approximately 40 signs of the Order of St. Anne 1st degree and 200 signs of the Order of St. Anne 2nd degree. This sign is the Capital Sample of the Odean of the beginning of the XIX century. Project drawing of the signs of the Order of St. Anne, the end of the XVIII - beginning of the XIX century. Architect N. A. Lvov in 1797. Awarding such signs of the 1st and 2nd degrees of the so-called "Pavlovsky" species was made from 1797 to 1829.

St. Petersburg, 1801-1815. Unknown workshop. Stamps: on the back of the order of the Order at the upper end of the Cross - Urban (coat of arms) of St. Petersburg; On the eye of the face of the cross - two French tubes for used base gold products from 1919 with the cipher of Nice (?). Gold, silver, glass, enamel, 55.88 sizes 78.6 x 72.0 mm.

Russian Empire, private workshop. 1797-1820. Size 70.1 x 59 mm. The weight of 51.9 g. Bronze, gilding, rhinestones, glass, enamel.

Order of St. Anne 1st degree.

Capitul samples.

1). Wilhelm Cabelym Workshop. 1851-1857 Size 54.4 x 49 mm. The weight of 20 g. Gold, enamel. Stamps: on the back side on the ear - St. Petersburg tube tent with a metal breakdown and a fragment of the annual ("72", "18 ..."); On the back side on the top ray under Enamel - the state coat of arms of the Russian Empire (sign of the supplier of E.I.V. and the Chapter of the Imperial and Tsarist orders), on the bottom - the name of the "WK".
The image is taken from the Internet - Catalog 6 Auction Hell "Cabinet".

3). Albert Calebel workshop. The official supplier of the Kapitule of the Order 1882 - 1910

6). Firm "Eduard" - nominal stigma VD.

7). Order of St. Anne 1st degree with swords. Cross, Star and Ribbon. St. Petersburg, beginning of the 20th century, Firm "Eduard". Gold, silver, gilding, enamel. Dimensions: Cross 52 x 59 mm with an eye, star 94 x 94 mm. In the original icebreaker with gold embossed. The image is taken from the Internet - Auction Catalog 34 of the Firm and Medals.

Star of the Order of St. Anna.

1). Production of A. Keibel, 90 mm, silver, gilding.

Order of St. Anne, 2 degrees.

Capitul samples.

1). 1851, "Cabel - Camera", 42 mm. Gold 72 pr., Enamel. Weight, 15.57 gr. Size: 48x43 mm. (With an eye). Stamp: Annual "1851" and the coat of arms of St. Petersburg on the ear, "State Eagle" on the upper ray under enamel and firms for the nominal "CC" on the lower ray under Enamel.

3). Issuance from the capitula. Firm "Keibel", 1865-1882 .. Size 43.6 mm. The weight of 20.1 g. Stimples: under enamel - "double-headed eagle" and the name "IK", on the ear - the tubing "56 and the coat of arms of St. Petersburg". The image is taken from the online catalog 4 -to auction of the company "Sign". In the original box, with ribbon

3a). Caibel, 1867 in the original leather case. Gold, enamel. Size 78x43.5 mm. Stamp: on the root side of the crown - the tube "56", a sign of a small-sized certificate # coat of arms of St. Petersburg, the name "IK". On the sign: the assignment "56" and the annual (1867) stamp with the emblem of the city of St. # Petersburg; Under enamel on the upper ray-state coat of arms sign of the supplier of the highest yard, on the lower - the name "IK". The image is taken from the Internet - Auction Auction Catalog 1. Empire.

5). With swords, Firm "Eduard", named - VD. The image provided - AGN.

Order of St. Anna 3 degree.

Capitul samples.

1). 1830 issuance from the capitula. Immanuel Pannas workshop. Stamps: Under enamel - "double-headed eagle" and the name "IP", on the ear - the tube "1830". With original ribbon. Gold, enamel. Size 30.3 mm. Weight 10.23 g (with ribbon). The Orden of the work of Immanuel Pannash, made for the capitula, are distinguished by unusually large impressive stamps and the highest quality of performance.

S.- Petersburg, the first half of the 1830s. Workshop EG. Pannash. Stamps on the back of the order of the Order of the Order: On the ear - urban stigma (coat of arms) of St. Petersburg with an unreadable date; At the ends of the cross under the enamel, at the top - the state coat of arms - the sign of the supplier of the highest yard, downstairs the nominal stamp - "IP", both in the oval shields. Gold, Enamel, Moir. Dimensions of 41.5 x 36.6 mm.

The first Russian holders of the Order of St. Anna corresponded to the Golshtinsky Statute of 1735, according to which the award could only be given to a military or civilian official, in the rank of the college advisor as appropriate to him in the civil service. Cavalers of the Order in Russia were, as a rule, not lower than a major general or a valid Stat adviser. The Grand Duke and the heir to Zesarevich Pavel Petrovich was awarded the Order at Baptism - September 25, 1754. Together with the orders of St. Andrei of the First-Called and St. Alexander Nevsky, as subsequently, his children: Alexander Pavlovich (December 20, 1777) and Konstantin Pavlovich ( On May 5, 1779), and in the Statute about the Russian Cavalier Order of 1797, Paul 1 tamed this tradition: "All the great princes are received by the Russian order of all names<...> With holy baptism; Princes Same<...> Upon reaching the adsytics established for them. " In addition to them, the signs of the Order of St. Anna 1st degree began to be awarded after that and all foreigners awarded the Order of St. Andrei Prolonnoye.

During the Board, Elizabeth Petrovna were awarded (on the lists of N. N. Bantysh - Kamensky 1814) 80 people, including three people awarded during her coronation, and under Peter 3 in seven months - 23 people, including March 19, 1762 G. Prow architect F. B. Rastrelli (1700-1771) for the end of the construction of the Winter Palace. In Catherine 2, 319 orders were handed. During the coronation of Catherine II on September 22, 1762, 18 people were awarded, including Moscow Commander, Major General and Georgian Tsarevich Athanasius (1707-1784).

The Order of St. Anne Three degrees became a younger class established by Paul in 1797 by the Russian Cavalier China, or Order: "The Russian Cavalier Order is divided into the following naming or classes: the first, St. Apostle Andrei First Called; second, for a female person, St. Catherine's Great Martyr; Third, St. Alexander Nevsky, and the fourth, St. Anna. "

During the coronation April 5, 1797, Paul 1 presented 36 signs of the Order of the 1st degree and 7 signs of the 2nd degree. It should be noted that if everything among the cavaliers of the 1st degree were equal to general-major general or higher, the first awards of the 2nd degree indicate a non-established status of this award: among them Lieutenant-General, valid Stat advisors, One counter-admiral (A.S. Shischkov), as well as two major and three college advisors. Among the first cavaliers of the 3rd degree from 1797 to 1801, there were mainly colonels and several major generals. Colonel Pavel Sergeevich Lanskaya became the first cavalier of the 3rd degree (1757-1832), who retired in 1798 with the rank of Stat Counselor. Later, under Alexander 1, when the status of the Order was installed in accordance with the table of ranks, the Order of the 4th degree (Annena Weapon) was awarded, as a rule, Ober officers from the pitch to the captain. The Order of St. Anna 3rd degree could receive Lieutenant (in the civil service - the College Secretary).

According to the highest decree of 1847, the Order of St. Anna 3rd degree began to be awarded civil officials "for the exhaust service in one post no lower than the eight class." The military was given in the eight years of service in the rank not lower than the headquarters (accordingly Headquarters of Rothmistra in Cavalry and Lieutenant on the Fleet). Owner of the Moscow Silk Factory Verekova Yakov Semenovich Eltev (1795-1851) - Supplier of the Order of the Order of the Tapes in 1832-1851 - He was awarded in 1838 by the sign of the Order of the 3rd degree "for the exceptional and always-first delivery of the Order of the Tapes." According to the statute of 1845, the 3rd degree of Order could be awarded the merchants, built at their own expense, the church, a degree or a school at the church "not less than twenty people, and a certain content of one or another institution, in continuation, at least Seven years old will strengthen the existence of ongo. " They could be awarded the Order on the Statute of 1845 not only military, officials or merchants, but also home teachers: "Home mentors, to testify the bosses that performed with a special diligence" Responsibilities taken by them: Generic noblemen - for fifteen years old, personal nobles - Twenty years old, and others in the continuation of twenty-five years. "

Interestingly, the famous Odessa millionaire Grigory Grigorievich Majli (1831-1907), former city head from 1878 to 1895, was awarded three degrees of the Order of St. Anne - the 3rd and 2nd degree for charitable activities (in 1858 and 1871 GG), and the 1st degree received as an urban head in 1882 Recall that until 1826, obtaining any degree of order gave the right to the hereditary nobility. After that, this right gave only the Order of St. Anne 1st degree, all other degrees - a personal nobility, and the merchant received the title of an honorary citizen. The second degree of the Order (that is N. "Anna on the neck") received those who were listed in the ranks above the VIII class (from the college assessor to the Stat advisor or from Major and the Captain Lieutenant to Colonel and Captain of the 1st Rank).

Alexander Sergeevich Griboedov received in 1828 the rank of Stat Counselor (V class) and Anna of the second degree decorated with diamonds, returned from Persia with the Turkmanhasky peace treaty. Very interesting remark on the presentation of the signs of the Order of the 2nd degree placed in Pavlovsky Statute 1797: "To this degree, the Order It is also intended to be the same from scientists who we bring the excellent benefits to the Fatherland." We can name several such cavaliers: for example, the famous historian Nikolai Mikhailovich Karamzin, awarded 1st degree of Order in 1816 for the "note on ancient and new Russia." V. M. Golinnov (1776-1831), appointed by the Fleet Internal General, headed the shipbuilding and artillery departments in 1823. Under his leadership, over 200 military courts were built, including the 10 first steamers in Russia. On September 4, 1830, Vasily Mikhailovich "For the successful shipbuilding production" became the cavalier of the Order of St. Anna 1st degree.

President of the Medical and Surgery Academy in St. Petersburg Peter Alexandrovich Dubovitsky (1815 - 1868) wrote about 30 who had the current importance of scientific papers. One of the undoubted merit of Peter Alexandrovich is a system developed by the training system of scientific and teaching staff. Thus, the medical institute created by him in 1858, the idea of \u200b\u200bwhich lives and today in the form of postgraduate entrance, gave Russia a lot of outstanding figures of domestic biology and medicine (for example, the Nobel laureate of Academician Ivan Petrovich Pavlov). In 1867, he headed the head of the Military Medical Office of the Russian Empire. For works on a scientific and pedagogical field, contribution to the development of practical medicine and the training of medical personnel for the Russian army, Peter Alexandrovich Dubovitsky was awarded the Order of St. Anne 2nd and 1st degree.

The Order of St. Anna 2nd degree had a talented scientist Izmail Petrovich Semenov (1876 -1942) - the son of the famous Peter Petrovich Semenova-Tyan-Shansky (Cavaller's Order of St. Andrei First-Called). He graduated with honors from the Physics and Mathematics Faculty of St. Petersburg University, passed an internship abroad. The scientific specialty of him was meteorology - one of the most unexplored then, but having an extremely important national economic and defense significance. He made a certain contribution to improving the accuracy and reliability of weather forecasts. Before the revolution, Petrovich Semenov was awarded to four orders, the highest of which was the Order of St. Anne 2nd degree.

The first degree of the Order in the XIX century. And until 1917, he received ranks only by Major's General, which corresponded to the rank of a valid Stat adviser to the civil service. During the Patriotic War of 1812 and foreign campaigns 1813-1814. The first degree was awarded about 230 generals and more than 50 were also obtained by the diamond signs of the Order. An outstanding surgeon Life Medic N. F. Rated received a surgeon for the battlefields in 1814-1815. Signs of the Order of the 2nd degree and a sign decorated with diamonds, and in 1845 he received the first degree of the Order of St. Anne. The famous Russian poet V. A. Zhukovsky was awarded the 1st degree of Order for the upbringing of the Grand Duke, the future of Emperor Alexander II in 1835. Total cavaliers of the 1st degree of the Order was about 10 thousand people.

Signs of the Order of St. Anne a lot awarded and foreign subjects. For example, only during the visit of Emperor Nikolai II and Alexandra Fedorovna in Stockholm there was a distributed 10 signs of the Order of St. Anna 1-th degree, 43 signs of the 2nd degree and about 150 signs of the 3rd degree.

Awarding clergy.

According to "Establishment of the Russian Cavalier Order of 1797" The clergy of the Russian Orthodox Church was also eligible for rewarding orders. Unlike laity cavaliers, the clergymen were called the highest sustained to the orders of them. The first and second degree of Order were awarded the reels of the largest temples of Russia: the Cathedral of St. Isaac Cathedral, the Uspensky, the Blagoveshchensky and Arkhangelsk Cathedrals, the rebels of the largest monasteries. The Hierarchs of the ROC, the highest concerned to the Order of St. Andrei the First Called at the same time and the sign of the Order of St. Anne 1st degree, unless they were awarded the Order before. Among the nineteen clergymen to the Order of the 1st and 2nd degrees of nineteen priests in the coronation of Paul I were his confessor, Archpriests of the Blagoveshchensky Cathedral Isidor, Archbishop Slaven Nikifor, Archbishop Suzdal Victor, Archbishop Kolomna Athanasius, Catholic Bishop Sere-Kovsky and Managing Roman Churches in Minsk province Clement Bukatoy, Bishop Irkutsk and Nerchinsky Veniamin, a priest at the Church of the Russian Mission in London Ya. I. Smirnov (1759-1840), as well as Archpriest P. Ya. Ozertekovsky (1758-1807), appointed Paul in 1800 first in The history of Russia is an Ober-Priest of the Army and Fleet. In the future, all the Archprises of Ober-priests were associated with the Order of St. Anna 1st degree: John Semenovich Derzhavin (1807-1826), Pavel Antonovich Meszhaginsky (1826-1827), Grigory Ivanovich Mansilyov (1827-1832), Vasily Ivanovich Kutniewicch ( 1832-1865), Mikhail Izmailovich Bogoslovsky (1865-1871), prot. Peter Evdokimovich Pokrovsky (1871-1888), Alexy Topogritsky (1815-1826), Nikolai Vasilyevich Musovsky (1826-1848), Vasily Borisovich Bazhanov (1849-1883), Alexander Alekseevich Zharobovsky (1888-1910), Evgeny Petrovich Akvilonov (1910- 1911) and Georgy Ivanovich Shavelysky (1911-1917).

Order of St. Anna - Order established in 1735 as a dynastic award and in 1797 introduced by Emperor Paul I in a premium system of the Russian Empire to distinguish between a wide range of government officials and military. The full official name of the Order is the imperial Order of St. Anne. At the same time, the Order of St. Anna, suitable for state awards of the Russian Empire, never ceased to have a special status of a dynastic award of the house of Romanov.

Awarded by any degree of the Order of St. Anna automatically became hereditary nobles, but since 1845 this provision was changed. It was found that henceforth only the 1st degree of the Order gives an offacarious nobility, and the remaining degrees are only personal. The exceptions were the faces of the merchant estate and Muslim foremen, which, with awarding any of the degrees of the Order, except the 1st, nobles did not become, and received the status of "honorary citizens".

Degree of order and rules of wearing

I degree - Cross on a ribbon 10 cm wide through the left shoulder, a star on the right side of the chest; 350 or 200 rubles. annual pension;

II degree - The cross is less than the neck on the ribbon 4.5 cm wide ("Anna on the neck"); 150 or 120 rubles. annual pension;

III degree - a cross of an even lesser value on the chest on a ribbon 2.2 cm wide; 100 or 90 rubles. annual pension;

IV degree - Cross on the Ephesus of Cold Weapons and Darkness from the Order Tape (Cranberry); 50 or 40 rubles. Annual pension.

When the Order was granted for military exploits, to the signs of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd degrees joined two swords, the cross in the midst of the cross and the stars, to the sign of the 4th degree, adops on Ephesus. "For courage".

The rules of wearing degrees of the Order of St. Anna (from left to right from the 4th to 1st)

Unlike all other Russian orders, the Star of the Order of St. Anna was not on the left, but on the right side of the chest.

With the greatest degree of the lower degree, the signs of the lower degrees do not come (with the exception of signs with the swords and signs of the 4th degree in cold weapons).

Order

Extract from the institution of orders and other signs of differences, ed. 1892:

Star to the Order of St. Anne

Star with crown to the Order of St. Anna

• The imperial Order of St. Anna is established as a reward of the feet committed on the field of public service.

• The Order of St. Anna is divided into four degrees. Signs of his essence:
  • First degree. Golden cross, big, red finifesty; At the edges of the Cross Gold Cayms, in the corners of the compound of these golden through jewelry; In the middle of the front side, on the white finifhea field, the Gold Kaimu, the image of St. Anne, and on the back, on the same field, the Latin blue color of the initial letters of the Ordinsky Maiden, under the crown. It is worn on red with a yellow border with a width of two with a quarter of a top, through the left shoulder, with a cooking silver on the right side of the chest star, in the middle of the Red Cross; Around the cross, on red finiftsi, Latin motto: amantibus Justitiam, Pietatem, Fidem, that is, who loves the truth, piety, loyalty. This motto is borrowed from the initial letters named after the Great Princess Anna Petrovna: A. I. P. F. (Anna, Imperatoris Petri Filia, Anna Emperor Peter Dshcher).
  • Second degree. The cross is similar to the first degree, but less than the magnitude, is worn around the neck, on the ribbon in one top of the width.
  • Third degree. Cross even less magnitude; Worn in a loop, on the ribbon wide in the crook.
  • Fourth degree. Red finifhea cross, in a golden field concluded in the red finifhea circle; Over the cross Golden Crown. This sign is attached to the military sword, saber, semi-faces, the executioner, cortica (to the latter on the top of the handle). When awarded, at the military exploits, he fits on Ephesus (the cortic on the contamination of the arc handles) inscription: for courage. Such an inscription complains and those who have already the fourth degree of the Order for others, not military differences will have a new feat of the military. Passed sim familiar with the inscription: for courage, wearing danks, from the ribbon of the Order of St. Anna with silver brushes, according to the approved samples.
    • Officers awarded the Order of St. Anna Fourth degree, only the order of the order, so that receiving themselves to attach them to swords or sabers.
    • Inscription for courage On the golden bumps and naval sabers are made, following the example of cavalry sabers, on two rims of Ephesus.
    • Class officials who honored to receive the Order of St. Anne the fourth degree for the differences, under the enemy shots rendered, assigning a dank from the ribbon of this Order without inscription on the sword: for courage.
    • The Order of St. Anna Fourth degree is not removed from the highest degrees of it.

• To the signs of the Order of St. Anne, when he complains of the military, against the enemy, feats, join two, cross-lingu, sword: in the middle of the cross and stars.

• On the star and on the crosses of all degrees, complained to non-Christians, the images of St. Anne and the Cross are replaced by the image of the imperial Russian eagle.

• The dimensions of the signs approached: 1st art. - 52 × 52 mm; 2nd Art. - 44 × 44 mm; 3rd Art. - 35 × 35 mm

Differences of the Order of St. Anne

Annin's medal on both sides, 1810th.

Differences of the Order of St. Anne or Anninsk medal - Award for the lower military ranks of the Russian Empire for the length of service and for special, not combat merit. He was a silver gold-plated medal with the image of the Order of the Order of the Order (Red Surgical Paint).

Instituted on November 12, 1796 by Emperor Paul I for non-commissioned officers and ordinary, unconscious 20 years. The awarded medal was exempted from corporal punishment. Before establishing a sign of the insignia of the Order of St. George (St. George Cross) in 1807, Annin's medal was awarded the lower ranks and for military merit.

July 11, 1864 due to a reduction in service life from 25 to 7 years old, the medal began to reward the medal for special feats and merits, not combat"Both in peaceful and in wartime, as well as for 10 years of superior service. Special merit was, for example, the capture of an important state criminal. Awarded for special merits was supposed to wear a medal in Anninskaya Ribe with a bow, awarded for long service - without a bow.

The awarding the Anninsk medal was performed simultaneously with the appointment of a one-time sum of money, from 10 to 100 rubles, depending on the merit. This is the same, but without a bow from the Order of the Tape and without cash issuance, UNEnth-officers were awarded for 10 years of superior unforgettable service in the system parts.

Anninsk weapon

Anninsk weapon - Table cold weapons of an officer or official (sword, saber, cortic) with an order of St. Anna 4th degree attached to his Ephesus. Unlike the award gold weapons (see Golden Weapon "For Bravery"), the Kavaler of Anninsky Weapons was awarded only by the order of the Order and had the right to attach him to Ephesus his sword or Sabli.

Anninskogo weapons - the Order of St. Anna 4th degree "for courage". Times of the Russian-Turkish war, 1877-1878

The history of Anninsky award weapon goes back to years when the future Russian emperor