In an apartment or house, many appliances run on gas. It is for this purpose that a gas alarm is installed in the room. The principle of its work is simple. When a problem is detected, it lets you know about it with a specific signal. For greater safety, it is recommended to install a shut-off valve.

The gas content sensor monitors the level of combustible gases in the air. When the indicators exceed the norm, the gas detector lets you know about it with special sound and light signals. Such analyzers are widely used in industrial plants, boiler rooms and even in home apartments.

Household sensors are able to detect methane, propane and carbon monoxide in the air.

That is why the determining sensor can be divided into industrial and household. Industrial options have a more complex structure. The kit includes a control panel and the device itself. The household gas trap is simpler in structure and use.

Useful article for you: choose a voltage stabilizer for a gas boiler

Carbon monoxide is the most dangerous. Unlike other components, it cannot be recognized by smell or color. It quickly combines with hemoglobin and enters the bloodstream. Carbon monoxide can quickly lead to death.

Functions of gas alarms:

• Notification with light and sound about the problem;
• Has a hole for connecting additional communications: annunciators, fans;
• Can be connected to a solenoid valve and turn off the gas supply;
• Can work autonomously.

Different models from different manufacturers have a unique device. The purchase should be made based on your own needs. But in general, the devices are universal in their functions.

You may also be interested in: installation of a gas boiler with a built-in boiler in an apartment

The principle of operation of gas leakage sensors

The principle of operation of different types is slightly different. Conventionally, all signaling devices are divided into wired and wireless. This speaks to the source of their nutrition. But behind the leak detection technique, there is another classification of sensors.

Types of gas detectors:

• Semiconductor;
• catalytic;
• infrared.

The principle of operation of the catalytic device is to change the platinum coil as carbon monoxide passes through the device. Another coil with a measuring device is used to detect the temperature increase. There is a direct relationship between resistance and the amount of carbon monoxide particles.

To prevent the coil from reacting to environmental factors, there are thermally matched balls covered with glass at different ends of the chain. They act as a compensator.

Semiconductor devices are a bit similar to catalytic devices in terms of the principle of operation. Recognizing element coated with a thin film of metal oxide. When carbon monoxide touches the film, it absorbs the substance and changes the resistance to an inverse proportion. This option is great for the home, but rarely used in industry. It is believed that the signaling is not accurate enough. In addition, the device has a slow response.

Infrared sensors are widely used for industrial buildings. They are quite accurate, do not squeak unnecessarily, use little energy and quickly respond to a possible leak. They work under the influence of solar energy.

Types of carbon monoxide sensors

There are 2 main types of gas alarms: industrial and household. Industrial sensors are more complex in design, because it is necessary to control a large area. Several devices and a common control panel are provided.

The home sensor is easier to install and use. It should not show the quantity, but signal a clear problem. To do this, the device begins to emit a special signal and light.

Types of sensors for determining gases:

• Methane;
• Propane;
• Carbon monoxide.

But there are also combined devices that control several concentrations at once. For a room with gas appliances, it is the combined types that should be installed. If the house has stove heating, then one sensor with the detection of carbon monoxide leakage is also suitable.

Sensors begin to react if 0.1-1% methane, 0.46-0.05% propane and 0.005-0.01% carbon monoxide are detected in the air.

When buying an alarm, you must consider the power of the system. Also take into account the devices with which it will interact. The optimal indicator is 220 watts.

Acquisition of a gas contamination sensor and a shut-off valve for the boiler room

The shut-off valve is a device that is installed at the inlet of the gas pipeline. It works when an electrical impulse is applied to its coil. At this time, it must cut off the supply of natural gas to all devices.

Distinctive features of the shut-off valve:

• Nominal gauge. It can be from 15 to 25 mm for domestic needs.
• Power supply. For home use, the best option is 220 watts.
• Permissible pressure. For low pressure gas pipelines, the optimal indicator is 500 Mbar.
• There are different types of valves. It happens normal in the open state and closed.

Normally open is also called impulsive. It is a manually operated element. During operation, its coil does not receive an electrical impulse. When the gas sensor acts on the coil, a small voltage is supplied from the device. This triggers the sensor and shuts off the gas supply.

It is the type of valve that is the decisive characteristic for operation in combination with a gas contamination sensor.

A normally closed device also applies to manual cocking devices. But in order to start its work, it is necessary to apply an impulse to its coil. When the alarm is triggered, the voltage on the coil is extinguished and gas is cut off.

An excellent home valve is a normally open device with a power supply of 220 watts. So turning off the power will not cause it to trip. This makes it possible to use independent gas devices. This can save on electricity.

Difficulties in synchronous operation of the sensor and the valve may arise when, when turned on, the analyzer starts checking the status of its outputs. The alarm will apply voltage to the valve and cause it to operate. That is why the analyzer in the boiler room needs to be familiarized in detail with the principle of its operation.

Installing a gas sensor with a valve

The good news is that all work on installing the device can be done. It is necessary to choose the right installation site, based on the instructions and conduct power supply to it. Auxiliary devices should be connected according to the diagram, which is indicated in the instructions.

The gasification projects contain all the necessary information on the location of the devices. The gas service will also be able to help in this matter, based on the standards. The gas trap should be installed on a vertical surface where there is an increased risk of gas leakage. At the same time, it is important to observe a distance of 4 m from gas appliances.

Rules for the correct placement of the gas analyzer:

1. From ovens and gas burners, a distance of 1 m must be observed;
2. Do not install the device in places where condensation, ash, dust and grease are abundant;
3. It is not recommended to install near ventilation and open windows;
4. Do not place the gas analyzer near combustible materials, paint;
5. If the chimney is not insulated, then it is better not to install a measuring device nearby.

Each type of measurement has its own optimum clamping height. Each gas has its own places of accumulation. Some gases settle at the bottom, others rise up.

Combined sensors are installed at a height of 30 cm from the floor and 50 cm from the ceiling. Methane and propane sensors are mounted as follows: 50 cm from the ceiling and floor, respectively. For carbon monoxide analyzers, the optimal height is 1.8 m from the floor and 30 cm from the ceiling.

To install the gas analyzer on the wall, you do not even need to open the case. It is enough to fix the device on nails using a special hole. The next step is to install the valve. The cutter should only be installed by specialized organizations with the appropriate license. The analyzer is connected to the valve according to the scheme indicated in the passport.

Checking the performance of a household gas analyzer

Every year it is necessary to carry out a metrological check of the device. It is not recommended to carry out this event with your own hands. This may damage the device.

If you find a clear problem, contact the gas service yourself.

You can only monitor the external cleanliness of the gas trap yourself. The device is usually guaranteed for 2 years. But on average, the device can last 8 years.

Gas separator brands:

• STG-1;
• SZ-2;
• SOU-1.

The above options refer to the domestic manufacturer. There are also imported models on the market. But when buying domestic appliances, it is easier to carry out repairs.

What is a gas alarm (video)

An autonomous gas trap is needed not only at industrial facilities, but also in residential buildings. A convenient control system helps to determine the minimum leakage from gas boilers and other appliances. To install the device, you do not need to have special skills, you can do everything yourself.

Gas alarm mounted on the wall in the place where gas leakage may be most likely (near the boiler, gas column or meter, near the gas stove). The horizontal distance from the gas equipment should not exceed 400 cm.

The installation height depends on the density of the gas. Propane is heavier than methane and carbon monoxide and therefore accumulates close to the floor. If you decide to install not only gas alarm, but also a shut-off valve, then you need to contact a specialized company that has a license for such work.

Mounting(installation)automatic control systems gas pollution (SAKZ) requires high qualification and a number of specific knowledge. Even at the planning stage, it is necessary to carefully examine the room in which the control devices will be installed. Particular attention should be paid to places where gas can accumulate (niches, recesses). The project should in no case allow the presence of "dead zones". Signaling devices and concentration meters must control the entire room.

The distance from the sensor to the ceiling must be at least 10-20 cm. Signaling devices and meters must be at least 1 m away from gas appliances. mounting (installation) near ventilation openings, open windows, other places where the received data will not reflect the real situation. The number of sensors must correspond to the area of ​​the room. One sensor is installed for every 80 m2.

• Classification of automatic control systems gas pollution.
• gas pollution"Crystal-2".

Automatic control system gas pollution"Crystal-2" Du 40 (СО+СН4) is designed for continuous automatic monitoring of the atmosphere of gas consumers' premises for the content of natural (liquefied) gas - GOST 5542-87.

• System gas pollution"Crystal-2" Du 40 is designed to control the content of natural gas and carbon monoxide in the air of controlled premises.

System gas pollution provides:

• - blocking the gas supply pipeline with a valve in an emergency;
• - issuance of sound and light alarms with memorizing the cause of the accident and displaying this information on the remote control panel VPK-1 (if available).
• In the standard system gas pollution"Crystal-2" includes:

— gas alarm for methane - SZTs-1;
— gas alarm for carbon monoxide - СЗЦ-2;
- solenoid valve - KZEG-ND;
- connection cable signaling device-valve" 5 meters long;
- connection cable signaling device—signaling device» 5 meters long.

Household AVUS-D.

signaling device domestic gas leaks AVUS-D.

Household AVUS-D is specially designed to protect residential buildings and buildings from leakage of domestic gas and is designed for continuous automatic control of the concentration of combustible gas (natural and liquefied gas) in the air of residential premises.

gas alarm"Hobbit-T"

Stationary multi-channel automatic gas alarm"Hobbit-T" with digital indication of indications and its modifications are intended for:

• - measurement of the content of toxic gases in the air of the working area;
• - measurements of the content of combustible gases in the air of the working area;
• - measurement of oxygen content in the air of the working area;
• – measurement of methane and carbon monoxide content in the air of the working area.

Application area gas alarm"Hobbit-T".

Gas alarm Hobbit-T can be used for various works in industrial premises equipped with gas burners (industrial boilers, furnaces, etc.), gas stations and other industrial premises where control of gas contamination of combustible gases is necessary.

device gas pollution"Hobbit-T" is used in sewage pumping stations, in enterprises that work with freezers, in chemical industries that produce synthetic products, in parking lots, closed parking lots, parking lots, etc.

Gas alarm BUG-3M.

BUG-3M - signaling device carbon monoxide, designed to measure the mass concentration of carbon monoxide and signaling the excess of the maximum allowable concentrations of carbon monoxide in the air.

Application area gas alarm BUG-3M - boiler rooms of various capacities, service stations, parking lots, explosion-proof zones of other industrial premises.

Functional features of BUG-3M:

FROM alarms gas pollution installed in residential buildings, in cottages and apartment buildings and in other domestic premises with gas appliances, as well as in non-explosive areas of objects.

The principle of operation of the sensor is extremely simple. Gas alarm issues an emergency light and / or sound signal, when one of the permissible thresholds of gas concentration in the room where gas equipment is installed is exceeded, blocking the gas supply.

In carrying out the work, the specialists of the Pushkin Energy and Gas Company strictly adhere to all the requirements of state standards and other regulatory documents.

When performing the necessary technological operations for installation, the personnel of the Pushkin Energy and Gas Company carefully observes the manufacturer's instructions and uses only high-quality materials and tools.

• System gas pollution provides overlap in the gas pipe gas supply in an emergency.

Gas alarm is installed in houses in which gas equipment is installed, operating in automatic mode. Such premises should be equipped with control systems gas pollution and fire safety ( gas alarm, fire detector and solenoid valve) with automatic shutdown of the gas supply and output of signals to the control room or to a room with the constant presence of personnel, unless other requirements are regulated by the relevant regulatory documents.

Control systems gas pollution and fire safety systems with automatic shutdown of the gas supply in residential buildings when installing heating, water heating and climate control equipment should be provided in buildings regardless of their installation location: in the basement, basement or in an extension to the building and regardless of the heat output.

Metrological verification signaling device gas pollution produced annually. It is forbidden to check the performance of the sensors yourself. This can disable them.

• If you yourself found a malfunction, then you need to call the company servicing this device.
• The rest of the service signaling device gas pollution is mainly to remove dust from the grate in its housing.
• Sensor warranty period gas pollution is usually no more than 2 years, but the average life of its service is up to 8 years.
• The following devices of Russian manufacturers are mainly represented on our market:
• - STG-1, STG-3, SOU-1 (SPO "Analitpribor");
• - SZ-2 ("SGK");
• - BUG, ​​ECO (Gazotron-S).
• There are also imported gas analyzers from Seitron, but we advise you to purchase domestic alarms gas pollution because they are much cheaper to repair and replace.
• The cost of domestic ranges from 1400 to 4000 rubles, depending on the number of its functions.

As can be seen, the purchase installation (mounting
for every family. As for its necessity, it is obvious. Such a small and inexpensive device can prevent terrible accidents associated with the death of people and the destruction of buildings.

Dangerous properties of gas fuel:

• the ability of gas to form flammable and explosive mixtures with air;
• suffocating power of the gas.

The components of gas fuel do not have a strong toxicological effect on the human body, but at concentrations that reduce the volume fraction of oxygen in the inhaled air to less than 16%, they cause suffocation.

During the combustion of gas, reactions occur in which harmful substances are formed, as well as products of incomplete combustion.

Carbon oxide (carbon monoxide, CO)- formed as a result of incomplete combustion of fuel. A gas boiler or water heater can become a source of carbon monoxide if there is a malfunction in the combustion air supply and flue gas removal path (insufficient draft in the chimney).

Carbon monoxide has a highly directed mechanism of action on the human body up to death. In addition, the gas is colorless, tasteless and odorless, which increases the risk of poisoning. Signs of poisoning: headache and dizziness; there is tinnitus, shortness of breath, palpitations, flickering before the eyes, redness of the face, general weakness, nausea, sometimes vomiting; in severe cases, convulsions, loss of consciousness, coma. Air concentrations greater than 0.1% result in death within one hour. Experiments on young rats have shown that a concentration of CO in the air of 0.02% slows down their growth and reduces activity compared to the control group.

Gas alarm - gas leak sensor, is it necessary to install

Since 2016, building regulations (clause 6.5.7 of SP 60.13330.2016) require indoor new residential buildings and apartments in which gas boilers, water heaters, stoves and other gas equipment are located, install gas alarms for methane and carbon monoxide.

For existing buildings this requirement can be seen as a very useful recommendation.

The methane gas detector serves as a leakage sensor for household natural gas from gas equipment. The carbon monoxide alarm is triggered in case of malfunctions in the chimney system and the ingress of flue gases into the room.

Gas sensors should be triggered when the gas concentration in the room reaches 10% of the natural gas LCVRP and the CO content in the air is more than 20 mg / m 3.

Gas detectors must control a quick-acting shut-off (cut-off) valve installed at the gas inlet to the room and shutting off the gas supply by the signal of the gas contamination sensor.

The signaling device must be equipped with a built-in system for giving a light and sound signal when triggered, and / or turn on an autonomous signaling unit - a detector.

The installation of signaling devices allows you to notice a gas leak and malfunctions in the operation of the smoke exhaust path of the boiler in time, prevent fire, explosion, poisoning of people in the house.

NKPRP and VKPRP - this is the lower (upper) concentration limit of flame propagation - the minimum (maximum) concentration of a combustible substance (gas, vapors of a combustible liquid) in a homogeneous mixture with an oxidizing agent (air, etc.) at which flame propagation through the mixture is possible at any distance from source of ignition (open external flame, spark discharge).

If the concentration of a combustible substance in the mixture is less than the lower limit of flame propagation, such a mixture cannot burn and explode, since the heat released near the ignition source is not enough to heat the mixture to the ignition temperature.

If the concentration of a combustible substance in the mixture is between the lower and upper limits of flame propagation, the ignited mixture ignites and burns both near the ignition source and when it is removed. This mixture is explosive.

If the concentration of a combustible substance in the mixture exceeds the upper limit of flame propagation, then the amount of oxidizing agent in the mixture is insufficient for complete combustion of the combustible substance.

The range of concentration values ​​between NKPRP and VKPRP in the "combustible gas - oxidizer" system, corresponding to the ability of the mixture to ignite, forms an ignitable region.

Gas detector for LPG

The building regulations do not contain mandatory requirements for the installation of gas alarms in rooms when using liquefied gas. But liquefied gas alarms are commercially available and installing them will undoubtedly reduce the risks for you and your loved ones.

Scheme of automatic control and protection against gas pollution in a private house

Schematic diagram of automatic control and protection against gas contamination in the boiler room of a private house: 1 - carbon monoxide gas contamination alarm; 2 - signaling device for natural gas; 3 - shut-off valve on the gas pipeline; 4 - gas boiler or water heater; 5 - a detector in the house, notifies the inhabitants of the house with light and sound.

Gas control systems for premises with automatic shutdown of the gas supply in residential buildings should be provided when installing gas equipment, regardless of the installation location and its capacity.

Gas alarm in the kitchen with a gas stove: 1 - natural gas alarm; 2 - shut-off valve on the gas pipe. Schematic diagram of automatic control and protection against gas contamination of apartments in an apartment building

How to choose the right gas alarm for your home

A set of equipment for an automatic protection system against gas contamination of a house, apartment. The set includes: carbon monoxide alarm, natural gas alarm, gas pipe shut-off valve, connecting wires.

To protect your home from gas pollution, you should choose a set of equipment specially designed for installation in a residential building or apartment. Such a household kit will not cause difficulties in coordinating the parameters of individual elements of the automatic gas control system. In addition, the equipment will be best adapted to work in domestic conditions, to be used by personnel without special training.

In the kitchen only with a gas stove carbon monoxide alarm can be omitted.

Gas protection equipment must have permits, Russian passport, certificate and/or declaration of compliance with the technical regulations of the Customs Union (Customs Union), allowing its use in the gas sector of Russia and other countries of the Customs Union.

When choosing a set of equipment, it is necessary to take into account not only its cost, but also costs for subsequent operation:

• Compare the total equipment life specified in the factory documentation for systems from different manufacturers. At the end of its service life, the safety equipment must be replaced.
• The service life of sensors - sensitive to gas elements, is usually less than the total service life of gas detectors. Sensors have to be changed frequently. Estimate the cost of replacing sensors in equipment from a particular manufacturer.
• In the passport of the signaling device there should be a special mark on the passage of the metrological verification by the device. Otherwise, you will still have to pay for the verification of the device before putting it into operation. Such a mark is an extra guarantee that the purchased device is in good working order.
• The gas protection system needs to be tested regularly - to check its serviceability and readiness for action. Choose equipment that is tested at the touch of a button.
• I recommend choosing signaling devices with the ability to connect a backup autonomous power supply, for example, a battery or an accumulator.

In addition, gas alarms for houses and apartments choose:

• by type of gas to be determined: natural gas (methane, CH 4), liquefied gas (propane-butane), carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide, CO);
• sensitivity (threshold) : 10% LEL for gas fuel, 20 mg / m 3 for carbon monoxide;
• according to the type of sensor - a sensor sensitive to gas: the operation of sensors for the same gas can be implemented on different physico-chemical principles: optical, chemical, thermocatalytic;
• by service life, frequency of sensor replacement: 3 years, 5 years, the more the better;
• by the service life of the device: at least 10 years;
• for additional functions, for example, there are devices with a GSM module for instant notification of a gas leak using SMS and push notifications directly to a smartphone; devices with self-diagnosis and fault indication; devices with additional contacts for controlling other external devices - switching on an exhaust fan or an additional detector.

Shut-off electromagnetic shut-off valve for the gas pipeline

Can be connected to a gas sensor three types of shut-off valves with manual or automatic reset:

• Normally closed valves - shut off the gas supply when the gas sensor is triggered and when the power is turned off.
• Normally open valves - shut off the gas supply only when the sensor is triggered (the gas supply does not stop in the event of a power outage)
• Pulse valves - the valve is held in the open position by a mechanical latch. If a short current pulse is applied to the solenoid coil from the gas contamination detector, the latch is released and the valve closes. The signaling device can generate a control pulse of electric current, both in the presence of a supply voltage, and at the moment of its disconnection.

The return (cocking) of the valves to the open position after actuation is performed manually (manual-cocked valves) or automatically (auto-cocked valves).

In private houses and apartments, gas alarms with a pulse valve and manual cocking are usually installed. This is an easier and cheaper option.

Normally open valve with manual cocking works as follows. Before starting work, it is necessary to energize the alarm device, then manually cock the normally open valve to open it.

The valve solenoid coil is de-energized in this rest position. The valve is held in the open position by a latch. Therefore, in the event of a power outage and after its re-supply, the valve remains open. Thus, the gas supply does not stop when the voltage is switched off and on.

In case of detection of gas contamination, the contacts of the signaling device are closed, voltage is supplied to the valve solenoid, the latch releases the valve and it closes. After the disappearance of gas pollution, the contacts of the signaling device open, the signaling device automatically switches to normal operation. But to open the valve, you need to cock it manually.

Normally closed valve with manual cocking works as follows. Before starting work, it is necessary to supply electricity to the signaling device. The electromagnetic coil of the valve is energized through the normally closed contacts of the signaling device. Then you need to manually cock the valve.

In this initial position, the valve is held open by an electromagnet whose coil is permanently energized. In the event of a power outage, the valve closes and after re-applying power, the valve must be manually re-cocked.

In the event of gas contamination, the contacts of the signaling device open, voltage is lost from the valve electromagnet and it closes. After the disappearance of gas pollution, the contacts of the signaling device are closed, voltage is applied to the electromagnetic coil of the valve, the signaling device automatically switches to normal operation. But to open a normally closed valve, you need to cock it manually again.

Shut-off gas valve with electrical impulse control

Household gas detectors are usually designed to operate with a pulse controlled gas shut-off valve. The valve is held in the open position by a mechanical latch. The latch is released and the valve closes if a short current pulse is applied to the solenoid coil from the gas contamination detector. The signaling device can generate a control pulse of electric current, both in the presence of a supply voltage, and at the moment of its disconnection.

If a closing impulse comes to the valve from the signaling device both when the gas contamination sensor is triggered and when the power is turned off, then the valve operation algorithm corresponds to normally closed.

If the signaling device sends an impulse to close the valve only on the signal of the gas contamination sensor, the valve operates as normally open. In the event of a power outage, the valve does not shut off the gas supply.

The operation algorithm of such a valve can be changed by changing the corresponding gas alarm settings.

How to choose the right shut-off valve

When choosing a set of equipment, the shut-off valve is selected according to the following parameters:

• diameter of the gas pipe at the valve connection point: 1/2″ (D at 15), 3/4″ (D at 20), 1″ (D at 25), 1 1/4 "(D at 32), 1 1/ 2 "(D at 40), 2" (D at 50);
• according to the normal position of the valve: normally open or normally closed;

The type of valve, normally open or closed, is selected from the following considerations:

For gas boiler or water heater, which stop working in the event of a power outage and automatically resume work after applying voltage, on the gas pipeline install normally open valve.

On a gas pipeline for a gas stove, as well as a boiler or column, whose operation does not depend on the presence of voltage in the mains, a normally closed valve is mounted. Such a valve will shut off the gas supply during the absence of electricity in the house. This is necessary, because during a power outage, the gas pollution alarm will not work and the house, the apartment will be left without its protection.

In order not to experience discomfort from the lack of electricity and gas in the house, it is recommended to connect the gas detector to the mains through a UPS - an uninterruptible power supply.

Installation, installation of a gas alarm

The installation of gas alarms in a house or apartment can be carried out by organizations and individual entrepreneurs admitted to these types of work.

Recommended locations for gas detectors in the kitchen

Gas alarms are installed on the wall of the room, near the gas equipment. Gas sensors should not be placed in blind areas where there is no air circulation, behind cabinets. For example, it is recommended to install the device no closer than 1 m. from the corners of the room. In addition, it is forbidden to install devices in the immediate vicinity of supply and exhaust ventilation devices, from heat sources.

The signaling device for natural gas (methane, CH 4) is mounted in the upper zone, at a distance of no more than 30 - 40 cm. from the ceiling, as this gas is lighter than air.

Signaling devices for liquefied gas (propane-butane), which is heavier than air, are installed below, at a height of approximately 30 cm. from the floor.

For carbon monoxide, the detector is recommended to be installed in the working area of ​​a person, at a height of 1.5 - 1.8 m. from the floor. The density of this gas is approximately equal to the density of air. Carbon monoxide is heated from the boiler into the room. Therefore, the gas rises up to the ceiling, cools and is distributed throughout the entire volume of the room. A carbon monoxide detector may be installed near the ceiling, next to the same device for methane. Given this circumstance, some manufacturers produce a universal gas alarm that reacts immediately to both gases - methane and carbon monoxide.

Shut-off solenoid shut-off valve is installed on the gas pipe, in a place convenient for access to the manual cocking button.

The installation of a shut-off valve on the gas pipeline should include:
- in front of gas meters (if a disconnecting device at the input cannot be used to turn off the meter);
- in front of household gas appliances, stoves, water heaters, heating boilers;
- at the entrance of the gas pipeline to the room, when a gas meter with a disconnecting device is placed in it at a distance of more than 10 m. from the entry point.

Some models of gas detectors, in addition to the shut-off valve on the gas pipeline, can control the activation of an additional light and sound detector or an electric fan in the ventilation duct.

Gas detector operation

Metrological verification of the gas content sensor performed once a year, as well as after replacing the sensors. Verification is performed by a specialized organization that has the appropriate permission to carry out such work.

Test - a cylinder with a calibration gas mixture for testing and checking the operation of a gas alarm. Designed for 70 tests.

Once every six months a check is made of the operation of the signaling device from a test gas mixture containing a certain percentage of the test gas. It is forbidden to test the device with, for example, gas from lighters, because. this can lead to failure of the sensing element.

The "TEST" button is designed to test the light and sound detectors, as well as to test the operation of the gas shut-off valve.

Within the period specified in the factory documentation, sensor needs to be replaced— sensor sensitive to gas. After replacing the sensor, the alarm threshold is adjusted and the instrument is subjected to metrological verification. The work of replacing the sensor should be entrusted to a specialized organization.

Gas alarm - gas leak sensor with manipulator

Kit, gas alarm with electric ball valve on the gas pipe. The size of the gas cock manipulator bracket for mounting on a 1/2″ or 3/4″ or 1″ pipe.

On sale you can find sets of gas alarms with an electric ball valve manipulator on a gas pipe. The electric manipulator of the gas valve is fixed on the gas pipe with the help of a special bracket. The rotary lever of the manipulator is connected to the handle of a standard ball valve installed in front of a gas stove, boiler or column. At the command of the signaling device, the electric motor of the manipulator will turn the lever and the handle of the gas valve to the closed position within 3-7 seconds and shut off the gas supply. The tap can be opened or closed manually by pulling the retaining ring and releasing the lock.

Easy installation. There is no need to touch the existing gas circuit, install a solenoid valve. Installation can be done independently, without resorting to calling gas service specialists. Before buying though I advise you to coordinate the installation of the manipulator with the gas service with which a maintenance contract has been concluded. Find out how they will react to your amateur performances. And then, at the next check, they may require you to remove the device.

Proper installation of the manipulator - the axis of rotation of the arm of the manipulator must be above the axis of rotation of the ball valve.

The option with a manipulator instead of a gas valve is allowed for installation in already built houses and apartments.

Manipulators have complex electromechanics and are stuffed with electronics. They may not have Russian passports and certificates allowing their use. The signaling devices that are included in the kit are also often sold without a Russian passport, metrological verification and certificate. The reliability of the gas protection system with a manipulator is inferior to a similar system with a gas valve.

In newly built houses, the requirements of the rules should be followed and certified systems with gas alarms and a shut-off valve on the gas pipe should be installed. This is the best choice for old houses and apartments.

Gas alarm and leakage sensor without gas valve

Gas detector, gas leak sensor plugged into electrical outlet. The device beeps, the LED flashes, the gas supply does not turn off.

There are a large number of different brands of gas detectors and gas leakage sensors on sale, the design of which does not provide for the connection and control of a gas shut-off valve. Such signaling devices, when triggered, emit light and sound signals and even send SMS messages to a smartphone, but the gas supply is not blocked.

Installation of such devices, without a shut-off gas valve, is simpler and cheaper. The signaling device for the home master can be installed independently, without calling the gas service specialists. But it should be understood that the reliability of protecting your home and family members from fire, explosion or poisoning, with such equipment, will be much worse. Besides, the protection system will not comply with the requirements of current regulations.

Often such devices are sold without the necessary documentation or they do not comply with the requirements of the regulations. There are no metrological verification, certificates, the service life of devices and replacement of sensors is not indicated, the threshold of their operation is unknown. There are problems with the warranty and service, replacement of sensors.

Watch a video about a household gas alarm from one of the Russian manufacturers:

Gas alarms in your city

Gas alarm. Household gas leak sensor. Gas leak alarm.

For reliable protection of the house from gas contamination, the correct design and operation of ventilation systems is very important.

When a kitchen hood is attached above the stove to the only channel in the kitchen natural ventilation, then the filters, valves and fan in the kitchen hood practically block the natural draft in the ventilation duct.

The kitchen with the hood turned off remains without ventilation, which impairs air exchange throughout the house and creates a threat of gas accumulation in the room.

CHOOSE A HOUSEHOLD GAS DETECTOR.

We are increasingly thinking about the safety of our property and protecting our health, the question arises how to do this?

For automatic continuous monitoring of the presence of explosive and toxic gases in domestic and communal premises, it is necessary to install
HOUSEHOLD GAS DETECTOR.

There is currently a wide range of household gas alarms. Neither become popular. They can often be found in houses and apartments. For a nominal amount, you can purchase an excellent certified device that will continuously monitor the presence of dangerous and toxic gases in the room (such as natural gas (Methane CH4,) liquefied fuel gas (Propane C3H8) or carbon monoxide (Carbon monoxide, Carbon monoxide, CO). Installing a signaling device will eliminate the possibility of an explosion of accumulated combustible gases and further spread of flames, poisoning of people in the room with large concentrations of toxic gases due to leakage, depressurization of gas pipelines, attenuation of the burner flame, reverse draft, etc. Carbon monoxide control signaling device, as an additional , can be used as a fire gas detector to detect fires in the early stages of their occurrence.

What is the working principle?

The principle of operation of the device is based on the passage of air, by natural convection, through the sensitive elements built into the signaling device. In case of exceeding permissible concentrations of hazardous and toxic gases, above the thresholds, the signaling device gives an emergency sound signal, disconnects the equipment from the gas supply line, turns on the hoods, light signal displays, sirens, transmits an alarm signal via GSM communication channels, through additionally installed signal transmission devices. After the gas supply is stopped and its concentration in the air drops to normal, the sound signal will stop, auxiliary devices will turn off, and the indicator will return to the measurement mode. After eliminating the cause of the alarm (leakage, burner damping, reverse draft, etc.), independently or by the gas service, depending on the malfunction, it will be necessary to restart the disconnected heating or heating equipment.

What are household gas alarms?

The designs of household gas detectors are usually standard. Sensing elements are built into the signaling device (monoblock version) or taken out outside (remote sensors). Devices are single-component or two-component, i.e. can simultaneously control the concentrations of natural and carbon monoxide in the air (two-component) or one of them (single-component). Signaling devices with remote gas sensors have one or two measurement channels. Each channel is connected to one of the necessary gas pollution control sensors, in which sensitive elements are built. For example, a sensor for monitoring the presence of natural gas (Methane CH4,) in the room air is connected to one measurement channel, and a carbon monoxide control sensor (Carbon monoxide, Carbon monoxide, CO) is connected to the second channel or the same sensors are installed on all channels. Signaling devices with remote sensors allow remote control of gas contamination of premises at distances up to 200 m. As an example, this can be a basement where a boiler room is installed, and there is a need for visual control of what is happening in the basement from a residential floor, in this case a two-channel signaling device will be convenient gas type SG-1. Sometimes there are several possible sources of leaks or gas accumulations located at a distance from each other, where the rules require the installation of gas monitoring sensors. In these cases, it is advisable to install several monoblock signaling devices, such as SGB-1, and connect all devices to one gas valve or other actuator. The housing of the signaling device is usually plastic, compact. Different manufacturers can have any shape and color - be guided by your preferences and harmonious fit into the interior. The signaling device is installed on the fasteners supplied with the device. The device is connected to a household AC 220V mains, in some models of signaling devices, for uninterrupted operation, the option of automatic switching to backup power in cases of power failure (outage) is installed, for this, backup power supplies with automatic recharging of the IRP-1 type are installed, also there are devices powered by built-in batteries. It is more expedient to use devices powered by AC 220V, so

What is a gas detector, what functions does it perform and how does it ensure safety? How does the signaling device work with additional devices, what is their cost and can I install them myself? You will learn about this and much more from this article.

What is a gas alarm

Gas detectors are devices that provide continuous monitoring of the content of combustible gases and carbon monoxide in the air of rooms where gas equipment is installed. Signaling devices have long been used in industry to ensure the safety of facilities, however, they have become relatively recently used in the gasification of residential buildings.

Types of signaling devices. Which to choose

Signaling devices are of two types: industrial and household.

More stringent requirements apply to industrial ones and often they work in conjunction with a control panel, which receives signals from several gas sensors and which provides control over the concentration of the measured parameter in the air. The requirements for a household sensor are not so strict. Its main task is not to measure and display the concentration, but to operate if the value of the controlled parameter exceeds the set value. Also, a household sensor should provide a number of reactions to gas contamination.

Gas detectors differ in the controlled parameter; for household sensors, three main types can be distinguished:

• methane (CH 4);
• propane (C 3 H 8);
• carbon monoxide (carbon monoxide, CO).

There are also combined sensors that simultaneously monitor the concentrations of combustible and carbon monoxide.

For a room in which gas-using heating equipment is installed, a combined sensor (CH 4 + CO or C 3 H 8 + CO) is best suited. For a room with stove heating, a carbon monoxide sensor will suffice.

When choosing a signaling device, it is necessary to take into account the power supply of the sensor and devices with which it will interact in case of operation, the best option is 220 V. The same power supply should be selected for related equipment, which will be discussed below.

Price table for gas detectors:

Sensor type	Controlled parameter	Switching of external electrical networks	Shut-off valve control	Cost, rub.
SGB-1-2	CH 4 - 0.1%, CO - 0.01%	-	-	1269,00
SGB-1-7	CH 4 - 1%, CO - 0.005%	-	-	1724,00
Guardian of Mind	CH 4 - 0.5%, CO - 0.01%	-	-	1282,00
Guard 110UM	CH 4 - 0.5%, CO - 0.01%	+	+	1638,00
Guardian UM-005	CH 4 - 0.5%, CO - 0.005%	-	-	1387,00
Guard 110UM-005	CH 4 - 0.5%, CO - 0.005%	+	+	1684,00
SGB-1-2B	CH 4 - 0.1%, CO 0.01%	+	+	1545,00
SGB-1-7B	CH 4 - 1%, CO - 0.005%	+	+	2073,00
Varta 2-03	CH 4 - 1%, CO - 0.005%	+	+	2252,00
Varta 2-03B	CH 4 - 1%, CO - 0.005%	-	-	1850,00
UKZ-RU-SN4-SO	CH 4 - 0.5%, CO - 0.002-0.01%	-	+	5664,00
SGB-1-4.01	CO - 0.01%	-	-	1159,00
SGB-1-4,01B	CO - 0.01%	+	+	1393,00
UKZ-RU-SO	CO - 0.002-0.01%	-	+	3658,00
SGB-1-6	C 3 H 8 - 0.46%	-	-	1270,00
SGB-1-6B	C 3 H 8 - 0.46%	+	+	1504,00
Maxi/S	CH4 - 1%, С3Н8 - 0.4%, CO - 0.005%	-	-	1112,00
Maxi/K	CH 4 - 1%, C3H8 - 0.4%, CO - 0.005%	-	+	1421,00

What does the alarm respond to?

The value of the value of the controlled parameter in the air, at which the signaling device will work, is the same for most household sensors and is:

1. Methane - 0.1-1%.
2. Propane - 0.46-0.05%.
3. Carbon monoxide - 0.005-0.01%.

The percentages of methane and propane are about five times less than the lower concentration limit of flame propagation for these gases. This means that the alarm will work much earlier than the gas content in the air reaches an explosive concentration.

What functions can a gas detector perform?

Household gas detectors, due to their design, are multifunctional devices. The list of possibilities of each signaling device is individual. Here are the main ones present in most sensors:

• light and sound notification. When gassed, the indicator light comes on and a loud sound signal appears;
• the ability to connect a solenoid gas shut-off valve;
• relay output, through which it is possible to connect electrical devices (exhaust fan, separate annunciator, signal to a fire or control panel, etc.);
• power outputs, for direct connection of additional equipment from the sensor;
• some sensors have the ability to work from an autonomous power source.

What is a solenoid valve. Its types

The solenoid shut-off valve is a device that is mounted at the gas pipeline inlet to the room and is a valve that, when an electrical signal is applied to its coil, must shut off the gas supply to gas appliances.

Shut-off valves differ in:

• nominal diameter. For domestic needs, valves Dn 15, 20, 25 are often used;
• nutrition. For domestic needs, optimally - 220 V;
• allowable pressure. For low pressure gas pipelines - up to 500 mbar;
• by valve type: normally open and normally closed.

The type of valve is the most significant characteristic for operation in combination with a gas detector.

A normally open (pulse) valve is a manually reset valve. During operation, no voltage is applied to its coil. When the gas alarm is triggered, a short-term electrical impulse comes to the valve coil from the sensor, causing the sensor to trigger and cut off the gas. The designation of this type of valve is N.A.

A normally closed valve is also a manually reset valve. However, in order to cock (open) it, it is necessary to apply voltage to its coil. When the gas alarm is triggered, the voltage on the coil disappears and the valve cuts off. The designation of this type of valve is N.С.

For domestic use, a normally open valve with a 220 V supply is more suitable. This is due to the fact that a power outage will not cause it to operate. This makes it possible to use non-volatile gas appliances (stove, column). There is also no need to waste energy to keep the valve open.

The only inconvenience with such a valve may arise if it works in conjunction with a gas sensor, which automatically checks the health of its outputs when the power is turned on. After turning on the power, such a sensor will send a pulse to the valve, as a result of which it will work. When choosing a sensor, it is necessary to carefully study the sequence of its operation.

Information on the type of valve, supply, allowable pressure and conditional passage is indicated on its label.

Cost of solenoid shut-off valve: type N.A., 220 V, Pmax: 500 mbar:

Installation and connection of the gas detector

Installation of a household gas detector can be done independently. To do this, it is necessary to correctly place the sensor, guided by the instructions in the passport, and supply power to it. It is also necessary to connect additional devices according to the scheme provided in the product passport.

In modern gasification projects, the installation sites of gas detectors and their number are indicated in the project documentation. Also, the gas service can provide assistance in choosing the right place to place the sensor, guided by regulatory documents.

The signaling device should be placed on a vertical wall, in places where the probability of gas leakage is greatest (near the boiler, column, gas meter, stove), at a horizontal distance of no more than 4 meters from the gas appliance.

Where not to place the alarm:

• at a distance closer than 1 meter from gas burners and ovens;
• in places where steam, ash, dust and grease can get on the signaling device;
• near ventilation ducts and open windows;
• in places where paint, solvents, gasoline and similar materials are stored;
• in the immediate vicinity of uninsulated chimneys.

It must be taken into account that for each type of signaling device (CH 4, C 3 H 8, CO or combined), the sensor mounting height will be different. This is due to the different density of air and gas, the area of ​​​​its accumulation in the room:

• methane (CH 4) - not lower than 0.5 m from the ceiling;
• carbon monoxide (CO) - at a height of 1.8 m from the floor, or higher, but not closer than 0.3 m to the ceiling;
• combined sensor (CH 4 + CO) - in the range from 0.3 m to 0.5 m to the ceiling;
• propane (C 3 H 8) - no higher than 0.5 m from the floor. If there are pits, trenches and other recesses in the room where combustible gas can accumulate, it is also necessary to install an additional signaling device in them.

Fixing a household signaling device on the wall often does not even require opening the case. The sensor is attached to the dowels for the mounting holes in the housing.

Shut-off valve connection

The installation of the shut-off valve must be carried out exclusively by specialized organizations licensed for this type of work. The valve is connected to the signaling device according to the schemes indicated in the passports of the valve and the signaling device.

Alarm service. Costs for periodic verification

A gas detector installed in a residential building is practically maintenance-free. The only thing that is necessary is to periodically wipe the grill in the sensor housing from dust and cobwebs.

Once a year, the signaling device must undergo metrological verification. This service is paid. In no case is it allowed to independently check the operation of the signaling device by supplying a 100% gas mixture to it, for example, from a gas lighter. This can damage the sensitive element of the sensor.

It is advisable to purchase sensors from domestic manufacturers. This will allow, if necessary, to send the sensor for repair, which is much cheaper than buying a new one.

Remember that a gas alarm is an important and relatively inexpensive safety feature that could very well save your life one day. The choice is yours!