Vomot - This is a reflex eruption of the contents of the stomach (sometimes and duodenal intestine) through the mouth (rarely and through the nose).

Nausea - This is a painful feeling of discomfort in the upper belly, chest, oral cavity and a sip, often precedes vomiting.

To make any conclusions about the reasons that caused vomiting, it is desirable to examine the vomit after each case of their appearance. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the following signs:

• the number of vomit;
• their consistency;
• color;
• smell;
• the presence of food residues and their composition;

and also for the presence of pathological impurities:

• blood;
• mucus;
• pus;
• worms;
• much of bile.

Depending on the nature of the vomit, the following types of vomiting distinguish:

• fresh food;
• stagnant vomiting (long-eaten food);
• bile;
• bloody;
• caal;
• purulent and others.

The reasons

Undigested food may indicate

• the complete absence of hydrochloric acid and enzymes in the gastric juice (gastric Ahilia),
• violation of the reoppotion of the esophagus or other defeats,
• intestinal infection.

When vomiting the pure gastric high acidity juice, it is possible to make an assumption about the damage to the pancreas, characterized by increased secretion of gastrin.

• The rotten smell can be observed when the stomach disintegrating cancer,
• the smell of alcohol - with alcohol poisoning,
• the smell of acetone - about acetional vomit (symptom, which develops due to the failure of metabolism in children, is accumulated by ketone bodies and acetone).

Bloody vomiting (hemattemesis) always testifies to bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract and requires emergency medical care and clarifying the reasons.

The presence of low-changeed blood (liquid or in the form of loose bunches) indicates a short blood residence in the stomach (for example, in food bleeding), or on Achilia.

With the ulcer of the stomach or duodenum, the lots of the masses acquire the color and view of the coffee grounds. Usually, such vomiting is accompanied by melen (a black semi-liquid chair with a characteristic unpleasant smell).

Abundance of bile in the vomit masses is observed

• with the narrowing of the duodenum,
• reflux-gastritis,
• with bile colic
• with complications after the stomach operations.

Laboratory diagnostics

If it is not possible to establish the cause of vomiting, then it is conducted by a cytological, chemical study and research for intestinal infections.

Blood test can help identify many causes of nausea and vomiting, for example, with suspected inflammation of appendicitis, cystitis liver and gallbladder, myocardial infarction, neuroborreliosis, intolerance to food or disruption of metabolism with diabetes mellitus.

The urine analysis is mainly shown in kidney diseases (such as renal failure, cystitis, renal colic).

The intestinal survey is carried out, first of all, with nausea and vomit as a concomitant symptoms of infectious diarrhea (for example, salmonellosis infection).

(H2-respiratory test) can prove incompatibility with milk sugar (lactose), fructose (fructose).

The infection is usually developing in two stages:

first, the symptoms of influenza and fever, headaches and pain in the muscles;

after short-term improvement, fever, headache, nausea, vomiting and, possibly, paralysis and disorders of consciousness appear.

• Neuroborreliosis: Lyme disease Bacterial infection, whose pathogen (Borrelia) is transmitted by ticks. In five to ten percent of patients, infection in months or years after the bite of the tick goes to the nervous system and the signs of the disease are nausea and vomiting.
• Brain injury: if nausea and vomiting arise immediately after injury of the head, but the patient retains its complete consciousness, then it probably takes place the brain injury. With persistent vomit you should call an ambulance!
• A concussion of the brain / brain injury: if nausea and vomiting occurs immediately after the head injury, and then the patient loses consciousness, the reason is the concussion of the brain (lightweight brain injury) or a higher-level crank-brain injury. Immediately call a doctor ambulance!
• The tumor of the brain: nausea and vomiting, which cannot be explained with the gastrointestinal disease, and most often early in the morning and an empty stomach, may indicate a brain tumor. Another possible warning symptom new headaches that increase with time. They are especially noticeable at night and early in the morning, but they can occur spontaneously during the day.
• Tempecification (road disease): on the ship, on bus trips, car or train can disrupt balance in the vestibular apparatus, causing nausea and, possibly vomiting.
• Meniera's disease: Patients constantly experience bouts of sudden dizziness (nausea and vomiting), noise in ears and acute hearing decline.

Other reasons

• Acute glaucoma: accompanied by nausea, vomiting, as well as an unbearable, unilateral illness of forehead and eyes. The affected eye blues and becomes solid, vision is blurry. Due to the danger of blindness immediately consult a doctor or in the nearest eye clinic!
• In diabetes (diabetic ketoacidosis): the warning signals are nausea, vomiting and convulsive pain in the top of the abdomen. Other symptoms of this dangerous metabolic disorder can be a strong thirst, fruit smell of mouth. Immediately call the ambulance doctor!
• Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy: nausea and / or morning vomiting, loss of appetite, as well as unwillingness There are some dishes appear in 70-90 percent in the early pregnancy. Doctors talk about complications. Vomiting does not depend on meals, does not occur at rest and is not related to any other disease. Usually begins on the sixth eighth week and lasts until the 12th week of pregnancy. Women lose a lot of fluid, electrolytes, as well as weight, so treatment is required.
• Fear, excitement, pain, disgust: Some people react to such factors with nausea and, possibly, even vomiting.
• The side effects of drugs: nausea and vomiting may occur as an undesirable effect of various drugs, such as pills, antibiotics.

What to do with vomiting?

If nausea and vomiting is accompanied by the symptoms of the disease that requires treatment, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

But what to do with nausea and vomiting in harmless cases, for example, in the car, during fever, gastric flu or during pregnancy? In such situations, you can take measures to facilitate the status:

• it is necessary to refrain from meals for at least one day or at least limit its number;
• drink sweet tea with a small amount of wheat suchers;
• exclude alcohol, caffeine, raw, fatty food, as well as sharp spices for a while.

If nausea is accompanied by vomiting, it is necessary to drink a lot of fluid (at least two or three liters per day).

Special compositions can be purchased at the pharmacy that will restore lost electrolytes and will prevent the fluid loss by the organism.

• From nausea during pregnancy Best in the morning breakfast in bed.
• Food must be easy.
• Eat through the day small carbohyded dishes.
• Avoid sharp and greasy dishes, coffee, black tea, carbonated drinks.

Nausea may occur for various reasons, for example, due to the intestinal infection. Essentials of intestinal infection are salmonella, dysenteric chopstick, enteroviruses, rotaviruses, and so on. The virus will fall into the mouth and infects man. To establish true reasons, you need to contact a specialist. Only with the doctor you can get rid of obsessive ailments. After all, vomiting does not give normally to live, makes a person inoperable and depletes the body.

Why is a child tear?

The causes of vomiting and nausea can be bronchitis, ORVI, pneumonia, and so on. Usually vomiting is not a persistent nature, but it happens. Infection has other manifestations such as fever, lethargy, anxiety, appetite disorder and sleep. Kids up to a year may also be diarrhea. At the end there are cough, runny nose and pain when swallowing.

At the beginning of such serious diseases as encephalitis and meningitis may be vomiting. It has a persistent character, and does not bring relief. The child as a whole feels bad, sedentary, sluggish, placing, does not want to eat anything. Babies up to a year shrill shouting and sharply react to light. It usually rises a high temperature - 39-40 ° C and cramps can begin. If parents suspected the presence of so serious diseases, it is necessary to urgently cause ambulance.

With brain tumors, it is also vomiting that arises suddenly, in the morning or at night and does not stop for a month. Headaches lead to loss of appetite, lethargy or excitability, the mood changes dramatically and the baby becomes very capricious.

Why tear after meals?

After a meal can snatch due to poisoning, disease, toxicosis and for other reasons. For example, with stress and nervous anorexia in the esophagus there is a spasm, which does not give food normally digest. In these cases, relaxation usually helps. If it does not give visible results, it is better to visit the doctor.

After eating can snatch due to acute appendicitis. Initially, anxiety appears, the appetite decreases and the dream is disturbed, and already the multiple vomiting arises and the high temperature. For appendicitis, pain in the right side or in the navel area. Children who can not speak are collapsed by eating and "silent" with legs. If a worm-shaped process is located atypically, a cue appears for defecation and painful urination.

Why is a cat tear?

A cat can tear for various reasons, for example, due to worms, dry feed or wool. Especially often tears animals that have a magnificent hair. Because when climbing, they feed their stomach lumps of wool, which do not give the digestive system to function normally.

If vomiting is persisting and does not stop long, it is necessary to take a pet to the veterinarian. Perhaps malaise has more serious reasons and without the intervention of a specialist cannot do.

Why can not tear flowers?

Flowers are organs of sexual reproduction in plants. No seeds - no offspring. People usually tear the most beautiful specimens and contribute to the degeneration of the genus. For example, the valley are not growing everywhere, but due to the fact that they are constantly breaking, there is a gradual disappearance of the species. The only thing that saves them is a powerful root system.

More collapse of flowers leads to a violation of the food chain, after all, many birds eat seeds and beasts. And what they tear flowers are not scary. After all, they are interested in the stage on which the seeds are already ripe. And this suggests that after the intestinal emptying of the animal, the plant will receive the second life and will grow in a new place.

It is impossible to think only about yourself, showing greed and egoism. It is necessary to worry for future generations, which will also want to admire natural beauty and breathe clean air.

Why break the dog?

Dogs are rarely rare and easy, so you should not immediately think about some terrible disease. An animal, as well as a person, vomiting is an ordinary protective mechanism that frees the stomach from unnecessary food, water and low-quality products. If vomiting has an intense and long time, it is better to immediately turn to the veterinarian.

During this vomiting, the muscles of the abdominal cavity, aperture and chest are reduced. Vomiting is dangerous in that the animal loses a lot of fluid and can go into the shock state. To determine the presence of dehydration at the pet, you need to raise the skin fold on the back and if after release it does not immediately deal with it, it means there is a place to be dehydration.

If the dog tears, it is not worth it to give cold water, because it will provoke a new attack. Although it is impossible to restore the normal state of the animal without water, it is simply necessary to ride: often and small portions.

Why rip the bile?

Vomiting is a forced and uncontrollable process in which the muscles of the abdominal press and a diaphragm involve. With nausea and vomiting the head is spinning, weakness and sweating appears, the salivation increases. If vomiting repeats several times, bile appears in it. With a large number of bile in the vomit masses, you must immediately call ambulance. Perhaps the patient has a gallstone disease, cholecystitis, pancreatitis or serious poisoning.

Hospitalization is necessary in re-vote, when diarrhea and high temperature appears in addition to eruption of the vomit masses. If in vomiting the abdominal pain does not pass throughout the hour, gases occur and the chair is delayed, it may take surgical intervention. In any case, you need to do ultrasound that at home is unreal.

Why man tears?

Vomiting is a reflex act, in which the stomach is removed from the dietary masses. Small children are not able to withstand such strong reflex. Even adults can not always stop. There are many reasons for vomiting. People tears due to overeating, use of poor-quality food, viral diseases, and so on. In children vomiting may occur due to high temperature, concussion of the brain, meningitis or injury. Causes may have psychological origin, for example, a person sick of stress or unwillingness to do something.

Of great importance is the character of the vomit. Detection of bile, blood, hiding masses and so on - all this helps to establish the correct cause of malaise. If the biliary tears, then, most likely, this is poisoning. It is necessary to rinse the stomach and call an ambulance. After cleansing the stomach, it is necessary to rinse with the mouth with water.

Why is the machine tears thread?

There are women for whom it is a major work and a way to feed the family. They usually work on large sewing machines and malfunctions are eliminating specialists working in the same enterprise. And if a woman has a typewriter at home and herself a master of repair? In this situation, you can refer to the Internet or instructions that came to the mechanism. Perhaps it's all about improper refueling thread. You need to recover several times and call the wizard if necessary.

Why River in the morning?

In the morning, it can be sick for various reasons, for example, due to liver failure or pregnancy. In order to establish an accurate reason, you need to pass the examination, pass the tests and make an ultrasound. After a good examination, you can start treated.

If the woman is pregnant, then the morning nausea will be held in a few weeks. Toxicosis is a normal phenomenon for this state. You just need to gain patience and wait. In order to facilitate their condition a little, you can leave the banana, water and cookies on the bedside table before bedtime. Easy breakfast in bed will help get rid of nausea. But it is better to put in the same place, just in case.

Why tear with blood?

Vomiting with blood impurity is a very serious case that can lead to death. Do not wait for the fatal outcome, it is better to immediately contact the hospital. The reasons may be opened stomach or duodenal ulcers.

Doctors will hold a good examination and prescribe treatment, thanks to which it will be possible to live long and happily.

Why can not tear photos?

Photos, especially unsuccessful, clutter closet and collect dust. Where to give them? It is impossible to throw away, it is not recommended to tear too. Why? Psychics believe that photos are a powerful source of energy. They allow you to influence a person at a distance. If you break or throw a photo, a person who was on it is depicted, can get sick or die. In this, of course, believe weakly, but the examples of the many. Sancing eyes and other needle organs, you can break their work. But it can only get people endowed with superpowers. A simple person, though, how much can poke a photo of his boss, there will be no result, even if I really want.

Believers, legends, fairy tales - there is some truth in them, but it is not necessary to fully rely on folk tales, which come from the depths of centuries. Indians, for example, did not allow them to take pictures, because they believed that the photo would take from them a part of life energy or a lifetime. They did not have the idea that such a photo was, so it was not capable of reasonable to reason. We are not the Indians and should not be afraid to be taken. Photo just captures a moment from our life and absolutely nothing takes.

Why are pregnant chart?

Toxicosis is an almost integral part of pregnancy. Although not everyone is tearing, many are worn and give birth without any particular problems. Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy are related to the fact that the future mother changes hormonal background. And the body does not allow a woman to eat harmful products for kid. If vomiting is stubborn and abundant, a woman cannot have anything, and at the same time he loses nutrients and liquid, it may be necessary to be hospitalized. In the hospital, the pregnant woman is dripped, and it gradually begins to eat.

Many believe that during pregnancy you can not drink pills and begin to get involved in folk medicine, forgetting that many herbs are stronger than medication of chemical origin. Even the herbs need to be brewed only after consulting the doctor, not the Internet. By self-medication, you can not only harm the child, but also to lose it at all.

Why is a parrot tear?

All people have their own addictions. Someone loves dogs, someone's cats, and someone's pets are not needed at all. People who are breeding parrots should know that the birds are needed. Therefore, from time to time, pets should be released around the apartment, having previously closed all the vents. You also need to ensure that the parrot eats. Some tamed parrots begin to eat in the same way that it consumes the owner. It is incorrect, because the parrot can snatch from sausage or dumplings. If the bird did not eat anything superfluous, but it is still nauseous, then it may be due to the lack of sex contacts. After a year, it is necessary to buy a cell more and a representative of the opposite sex. Parrot to tear can be due to hormonal changes that occur at a certain time of the year.

In general, parrots usually buy food "Vaka". It is almost impossible to poison them, it has only positive feedback and great popularity for those who hold birds at home. Whatever food, throw a pet for nothing. Otherwise, it can snatch. If vomiting is accompanied by a changed litter, then it is necessary to pass tests, perhaps a parrot megabacteriosis. Water in the drinking should always be clean and fresh, then the parrot will feel excellent.

Vosto has a lot of reasons. In order to get rid of malaise, you must pass tests and watch your condition. Perhaps you just need to correct the diet and lead a healthy lifestyle, sleep normally and spend a lot of time in the fresh air. If the cause of vomiting is some serious illness, it is necessary to begin treatment, only the elimination of the root cause will allow to get rid of general ailment.

Nausea and vomiting They are two similar, often concomitant protective phenomenon, which are provided for by nature as reflexes that are not amenable to conscious control. Nausea and vomiting are designed to cleanse the digestive tract from harmful, according to the body, substances, despite the fact that these substances can not fall into the blood from the intestine. So, for example, there are examples in medical practice that a person is nauseous and tears from some particular smells, tastes and even paints. Nausea and vomiting can be symptoms of various diseases.

Externally vomiting is an uncontrolled eruption of the contents of the stomach through the mouth, and in some cases through the nose. Absolutely all the reflexes, to which vomiting also applies, are paths that carry the momentum team to the organs that perform it, such as the muscles of the diaphragm, the stomach, the chest. Vomot may cause irritation of any portion of the reflex path. All components of the reflex pathway do not have to be involved. Understanding this fact is necessary to find out for what reason vomiting appeared.

The frequency of vomiting depends on many factors, such as age, gender, individual features of a person. For example, women suffer from vomiting more often than men, And children (especially in adolescence) more often than adults. Also more often than others, vomiting arises from people with a tendency to "tech", as well as with an increased nervous excitability.

Causes of vomiting

The causes of vomiting can be the following:
1. Disease gasts:
acute surgical diseases: peritonitis, acute pancreatitis, acute intestinal obstruction, bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, acute cholecystitis;
chronic diseases: gastritis, ulcerative disease of the stomach and duodenum, enterocolitis, duodenitis, biliary disease;
anomalies of the development of the gastrointestinal organs: the narrowing of the gatekeeper (stenosis), the infection of the area of \u200b\u200bthe gastrointestinal tract (atresia), defects in the development of the pancreas;
infections of the gastrointestinal tract: virus lesions, food toxicoinfection, helminthiasis,
stomach's foreign bodies, esophagus, intestines,
functional disorders that are accompanied by a violation of the intestinal motor function, stomach.
2. CNS diseases: Tumors and brain injuries, brain infection (encephalitis, meningitis), elevated intracranial pressure.
3. Cardiovascular diseases: Hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction.
4. Diseases of the inner ear: Mulence disease, maze.
5. Diseases of the endocrine system: In diabetes mellitus - ketoacidosis, thyrotoxicosis, insufficiency of adrenal function, phenylketonuria.
6. Side effects of drugs and penetration into the body of toxic substances.
7. Psychogenic reactions: Fear and anxiety, hysterics, as an expression of some emotions - familiar vomiting.
8. Vomiting and nausea may be the result of "pointing".
9. Often vomiting appears in women in the first trimester of pregnancy, during toxicosis (gestosis).

Vomiting and nausea are found in many diseases. As a rule, nausea should be before vomiting, and vomiting causes a sense of relief in a patient. But this is not always the same, so the presence or absence of nausea is one of the main criteria for diagnosis.

Vomiting in children

In childhood, vomiting may be a reaction to many types of infections, nasopharynx disease. This is due to the fact that the mechanisms of the occurrence of vomiting reflexes in this age gap are not yet formed finally. Often vomiting in children can be consequence of negative emotional reactions. It should not be confused by vomiting in infants and tightening a small part of food after feeding, and vice versa: abundant and frequent jerking after feeding should be distinguished from vomiting, which is associated with intestinal pathology and stomach.

Vomiting in infectious diseases

With such a group of diseases, such as acute intestinal infections, vomiting in most cases accompanying symptoms of intoxication: weakness, fever, pain in joints and muscles. In many cases, vomiting precedes diarrhea or these symptoms occur at one time. In such cases, vomiting brings a sick sense of relief. Such diseases include: edible toxicoinfection, salmonellosis, cholera, yersiniosis. In addition, vomiting may be present under gliscate invasions.

In the group of acute common infections, almost every acute infectious disease includes signs of intoxication, often - in particular, if we are talking about young children - accompanied by vomiting (in most cases once) and diarrhea.

As for infectious diseases of the brain and its shells, it should be noted that pronounced vomiting is added to the signs of general intoxication, a pronounced headache is added to the signs of general intoxication, the confusion may be observed, convulsions. A distinctive feature of such vomiting can be called that it is not preceded by nausea, and after it the patient does not feel relief.

Vomiting with blood

An important factor in establishing the causes of vomiting is the contents of the poles. For example, if they are constantly present red blood blood This testifies to the presence of bleeding from the upper stomach departments (Meloro-Weix syndrome), esophagus or blood vessels. The blood entered into the reaction with gastric juice will be painted in a brown color ("Coffee Human"). If there is an impurity of such blood in the lots of such blood, this indicates the presence of bleeding from the stomach or, in more rare cases, from the duodenum.

Vomiting with blood can testify to bleeding from the stomach ulcers or duodenal intestine, in patients with a diagnosis of cirrhosis of the liver - about bleeding from the extended veins of the esophagus. If there is an admixture of foam in vomiting with blood, this is in most cases a sign of pulmonary bleeding.

In erosive gastritis, it is also possible to appear vomiting with a slight admixture of blood.

Vomiting with biliary

If the vomit is painted in yellow or green And they have a bitter taste, we can talk about what is bile. The presence in the vomits of bile may indicate two facts: 1) or it was simply abandoned in the stomach, 2) or we are talking about the obstruction of the duodenum. Only in a small percentage of cases to vomiting, helminths, pus (phlegmon stomach), bodies of foreign origin can be mixed.

The time of vomiting

The reason for the occurrence of vomiting can also be judged by knowing her time (vomiting) appearance. The vomiting occurs in the morning occurs in pregnant women, with alcoholic gastritis and brain diseases. If vomiting arises in the afternoon, it may be associated with diseases accompanied by disruption of the evacuation of gastric content. With ulcerative disease and gastritis vomiting manifests itself after meals.

Smell vomiting

By the smell of vomit, it is possible to judge not only about the processes occurring in the gastrointestinal tract. For example, sour odor vomiting It may indicate ulcerative disease or other processes with increased acid formation. If food in the stomach is struck, will be observed mashed smell of vomit masses. In the intestinal obstruction for the vomit characteristic the smell of feces. When using alcohol surrogates or technical fluids of vomiting will have a characteristic the smell of chemicals. With renal failure of vomiting smells ammonia, and with diabetes - acetone.

Patient examination with vomiting

If the diagnosis is carried out according to the symptoms of vomiting, it is necessary to use, in addition to the traditional detailed patient survey, instrumental and laboratory research methods:
clinical blood test. It is needed in order to find out the nature of the disease (whether it is infectious or any other).
blood chemistry. It will help to assess the function of almost any organ, learn the level of glucose in the body, as well as the level of metabolic products.
fibrogastroduodenoscopy It is necessary to eliminate diseases of the stomach, esophagus and duodenum.
x-ray homemade with the use of radiocontrase substances. With this procedure, you can identify the disease throughout the entire gastrointestinal tract.
additional diagnostic methods: computed tomography, ECG, ultrasound studies.

Treatment of vomiting

To get rid of vomiting, first of all it is necessary to identify the reason that caused it. For symptomatic treatment of vomiting, various groups of drugs are used:
with non-knowledge vomiting: neuroleptics (Etperazin, Galloperidol), Tranquilizers (phenozepam, diazepam);
in vomiting caused by diseases of the inner ear, antihistamines are used (Diemenhydrinate, industrial hydrochloride).

During symptomatic treatment, pre-fin antagonists are given the greatest effect. (Cerukal, metoclopramide). Similar to drugs of this group cisprid (stimulator of the engineering function of the gastrointestinal tract) has a large peripheral effect, in addition, he does not have some side effects metoclopramid.

In vomiting caused by chemotherapy during cancer, serotonin antagonist receptor antagonists are used (Ribeetron, Ondansetron, Tropeetron).

To avoid dehydration of the body and violation of the electrolyte balance with frequent vomit used saline solutions: for internal use - recider For intravenous administration - ringer's solution.

Folk treatments vomiting

Treat vomiting with the help of the funds of traditional medicine at home is recommended with the help of grave brands:
soothing effect: Melissa, Valerian, Mint,
soothing and antispasmodic effect on the gastric mucous membrane: dill, chamomile.

As long as the cause of vomiting is established, you should refrain from meals. If vomiting has opened in a child, do not self-medicate, seek help to doctors.

Quite often, adults appear feeling nausea, belching, and then vomiting. There are many reasons for this phenomenon and they are quite diverse. For example, vomiting may be a symptom of intoxication or oncological disease, and may be caused by a strong emotional shock. In order not to miss the beginning of the development of the disease, it is necessary to accurately establish what caused vomiting.

The reasons

Taking into account the causes of the appearance of vomiting, it is divided into two types: visuation and toxic.

• Visselar vomot It occurs due to irritation of a soft sky, language, pancreas, a gastric mucosa. It is dangerous vomiting provoked by the development of oncological diseases of the stomach and intestines, since in this case the motor activity of the contents of the digestive tract is disturbed. Typically, such vomiting occurs after meals, and in the vomit masses can be detected bile, blood. With launched and severe diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the vomits can have an unpleasant smell and be black, after such vomiting the sense of relief does not occur.
• Toxic vomit- This is the response of the body to the poisoning of heavy metals, acids, alkalis, ethyl alcohol. It happens that this type of vomiting is caused by severe somatic diseases: diseases of the cardiovascular system, diabetes, chronic renal failure. Sometimes with toxic effects, the adult experiences frequent attacks of vomiting that are accompanied by a strong pain. Green mucus, foam, blood clots are observed in the vomit masses. At the same time, a person feels dizziness, headache, weakness. The body temperature can fall sharply or on the contrary to increase.

Diseases that cause vomiting are divided into the following groups:

• Diseases of the digestive system: peritonitis, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, intestinal obstruction, acute appendicitis, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, gall-eyed disease, ulcerative disease, gastroenteritis, gastritis.
• The diseases of the nervous system: increased intracranial pressure, brain tumor, brain injury, brain concussion, meningitis, encephalitis.
• Cardiovascular diseases: heart failure, myocardial infarction, hypertensive disease.
• Violation of the vestibular apparatus and the disease of the inner ear: Menieret's disease, maze.
• Endocrine disorders: insufficient functioning of adrenal glands, phenylketonuria, thyrotoxicosis (graves disease), diabetes mellitus accompanied by ketoacidosis.
• Vomiting of pregnant women: observed in the first trimester of pregnancy, and is a symptom of toxicosis, or in the third trimester and testifies to the development of gestosis.
• Psychogenic reasons: any strong emotion or nervous shock, bulimia, anorexia.
• Other diseases: pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, cystitis, transferred operations on the abdominal cavity

In some cases, severe vomiting can be a side effect of drug intake: theophylline, painkillers (angizer) tools, estrogen, iron sulfate, potassium preparations. Sea disease or mentaling can also cause vomiting.

What to do

With severe vomiting you need to cause a doctor without delay. In a similar condition, it is recommended to completely abandon meals and rinse the stomach regularly. It is strictly forbidden to engage in self-medication if you feel strong weakness and dizziness, there was a loss of consciousness.

Between the bits of vomiting you need to drink as much liquid as possible to prevent the body's dehydration. Moreover, it is necessary to use it with small sips, gradually, but often. If you have a lot of fluid at once, it can provoke re-vomiting. In the case when receiving even a small volume of liquid causes vomit spasms, it is possible to prevent dehydration, putting a piece of ice in the mouth.

Doctors recommend in vomiting to eat liquid containing electrolytes, as this will help restore the balance of minerals and vitamins. Preference to drinks, in large quantities containing potassium and sodium. It may be:

• diluted with water apple juice;
• fasten black, green, ginger tea;
• non-carbonated mineral water;
• non-fat broth;
• toning syrups and drinks, for example, ememetrol syrup;
• the solution of electrolytes, diluted from the regider powder, Vital Rex, Normohydron, electrolyte, hydraulic.

It is impossible to drink drinks containing a lot of acid during vomiting, such as lemonade or orange juice. But the spoonful of honey, added to tea, will only increase its effect. The resorption of mint candies, the use of chewing gum will help to suppress the feeling of nausea and the subsequent episode of vomiting.

After the cessation of the attack, try to eat a few salty crackers and watch the body's reaction. In the event that vomiting happened again, it is better to refuse to eat on this day. If the digestive tract reacted normally for food, you can eat in small portions.

Within a few days after vomiting, you must observe the diet. In the diet should not be salted, fried, fat, smoked dishes, excessively hot and cold food. In cases where vomiting was accompanied by diarrhea, it is necessary to exclude dairy products, as they negatively affect the work of the digestive tract. Compliance with the regime of the day, regular ventilation of the room helps to restore the forces after vomiting.

- This is a reflex eruption through the mouth of the contents of the stomach, and sometimes the duodenum.

The vomit reflex is quite complicated - there are various muscle groups in it. It is controlled by a vomiting center located in the brain barrel. By its nature, vomiting is a mechanism by which the body is protected from poisoning. Normally vomiting is the reaction to enter the gastrointestinal tract of toxic substances or just that it is impossible to digest - for example, too fatty food. Therefore, after an attack of vomiting, a person often feels relief: the body cleared.

However, intoxication that caused vomiting may have an internal source, that is, be a consequence of any pathology or disease. It is also possible that the irritation of the nervous system, leading to vomiting spasms, is generally not associated with the state of the stomach. It makes you perceive vomiting as a very serious, and even a terrible symptom. The attack of vomiting is almost always a sufficient reason to consult a doctor. With repeated attacks for a doctor, it must be referred to.

Causes of vomiting

In most cases, vomiting is due to irritation of the gastric receptors or, in medical language, has visceral origin. The reason most often is the sharp or chronic diseases of the stomach itself (acute food poisoning,). Also, the gastric receptors can also respond to diseases of other organs - the gallbladder, the uterus, hearts (vomiting is included in the complex of possible symptoms of myocardial infarction).

Vomiting can also have central Origin, that is, to be caused by the pathologies of the central nervous system (brain), such as meningitis, encephalitis, injuries and brain tumors. Quite often vomiting is observed at. The problems of the inner ear can also lead to vomiting (in this case, vomiting may be observed on the background). With excessive irritation of the receptors of the inner ear (when swinging), even a healthy person can snatch, especially with the income of the vestibular apparatus. Sometimes vomiting is due to emotional disorder (stress) or is a reaction to something that causes a limit disgust (conditional inflexive vomiting).

Irritation of the vomit can be caused by toxic substances that are transferred to blood flow ( hematogenic-toxic vomiting). Toxic substances can fall into the body from outside (for example, chlorine or damp gas - when inhalation), and can be produced in the very organism - as a result of the impaired liver or kidney function.

Vomiting and other symptoms

When vomiting scares

Any attack of vomiting is extremely unpleasant experience. Even if a person relieves relief with the resolution of an attack, vomiting itself is perceived as an extraordinary event, which should not be in the normal. The exposure of the body, household and social inconveniences - all this makes vomiting the process of a different order compared to other reflexive actions, like cough or sneezing. We always react to vomiting (do not leave it without attention), and that's right.

However, in some cases vomiting we are disturbing especially strongly. Such. vomiting bile, vomiting with blood. Parents are worried about cases vomiting in the child. Quite often observed vomiting during pregnancyreversing enhanced attention.

About these cases should be said separately:

Since the attack of vomiting may have everyone, it is useful to know how to prevent vomiting what to do during and immediately after the attack and in what cases it is necessary to contact the doctor.

The harbinger of vomiting is nausea. If you are sick, try to open the window (increase the oxygen inflow), drink a slightly sweetened fluid (this will calm the stomach), take a sedentary or a supreme position (physical activity enhances nausea and vomiting). You can dissipate the validol tablet. If you start on the road, take with you and absorb the lollipops in the path. This will help prevent vomiting.

What to do during the attack of vomiting

During an attack it is important to exclude the fall of the vomit in the respiratory tract. The patient during vomiting in no case should lie on the back. Do not leave small children unattended if they can have vomiting. An older or weakened person needs to help turn on the side, head to the edge of the bed, put the pelvis before him.

What to do after an attack of vomiting

After the attack, it is necessary to rinse with cold water. If the patient cannot do this itself, it is necessary to moisten a piece of gauze in soda solution and wipe the mouth to him.

Immediately after the attack, you can drink only a few sips of water, and that if there were blood in the vomit masses. It is possible to drink as you can only after 2 hours, but there is only 6-8 hours after the attack. Food should be dietary, gentle; Best is the porridge on the water, rice, low-fat soup.

With repeated attacks of vomiting, it is possible to dehydration. Therefore, it is necessary to drink a special solution, restoring the aqueous-electrolyte and acid-alkaline balance.

When should you consult a doctor when vomiting?

- In many cases, the sign that the body is experiencing serious problems and needs purification, which means, most likely, in treatment. If the disease is accompanied by vomiting, this usually suggests that the disease proceeds hard enough.

If the attack of vomiting was one-time and there is reason to believe that it is caused by overeating, making, alcohol poisoning or stress, there is no direct need to contact the doctor. In all other cases, the doctor's consultation is necessary. Especially if the attacks are repeated for two days or more, as well as with diabetes or other chronic diseases.

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