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Owners of their own homes with an individual water supply system in the winter facing the problem of freezing of pipelines. This situation slows down the process of water intake, and can lead to a breakdown of the pipe or the entire heating system. To avoid such problems, you can mount the cable for heating the tap pipe.

Example of freezing pipelines

For a long time, special wires use special wires for heating the sewerage and water supply. The heating cable is a conventional wire with electrical resistance adjustment, which is used to control the heating of the cable.

Apply it in open pipes to avoid the formation of ice cork. When the air temperature drops down below the minus 5 degrees Celsius, the wire must be connected.

Note! If the wire is turned on after the water supply site is freezing, it will take a certain time until the ice turns into water, while the fluid pressure in the system will be very weak.

Composition of the heating system

Such systems include not only the cable itself, which adjusts the water temperature, but also the following items:

• the startup system that is usually placed in the control cabinet;
• aluminum tapes for isolation;
• thermal insulation of the water supply;
• wire itself;
• device for temperature adjustment.

Full package may vary depending on the technical characteristics of the system. For example, if heated pipe of the water supply pipe from freezing consists of a two-housing self-regulating system, then an additional regulator is not required. Such a device is connected to the system using a special connecting element that automatically adjusts the heat level.

Benefits of pipe heating system

The pipe heating system is used because it has several advantages:

• water does not freeze;
• the necessary fluid temperature is always supported;
• there will be no stagnation of more dense fluids, such as oil;
• not crystallization of solids;
• it does not cool hot water while the water supply flows;
• not allowed thickening;
• fluid flow is constant and continuous;
• there is no need to deeply locate the pipes under the soil layer;
• no replacement and repair of water pipes after cold weather.

Note! Heated tap pipe has an extensive number of advantages, it costs it inexpensively.

Types of heating pipelines

Heating wires are classified according to the heat generation scheme for self-regulating and resistive systems. Each of them has its own characteristics.

Resistive option for heating

The principle of operation of such a cable consists in heating the isolated metal core, and it is important to monitor the temperature in order to avoid the combustion of the heating element.By type of construction, such a cable happens with one residential or two. The first option is rarely used, as it requires closure of the chain. When heating pipes, such a system is sometimes impossible at all.

The two-core wire is more practical - one end of the cable joins the network, the contact clutch is installed on the other, which provides a closedness.One conductor can serve as a source of heat, then the second serves only for the necessary conductivity. Sometimes both guides are used, increasing the power of heating itself.

The protection of the conductors is a multi-layer isolation that has a grounding in the form of a circuit (screen). To protect against mechanical damage, the outer circuit is made from a polyvinyl chloride shell.

Such a system has its own positive and negative sides. The first refers:

• High power and impact of heat, which is needed for a pipeline with an impressive diameter or with a considerable number of parts (tees, flanges, etc.)
• Configuration of construction at an affordable cost. Such a cable for heating a tap pipe with minimal power costs 150 rubles per meter.

The disadvantages of the system include the following:

• For correct operation, it is necessary to purchase additional elements (thermal sensor, control unit for automatic control).
• The cable is sold with a specific metro station, and the end contact sleeve is mounted in production conditions. It is forbidden to produce independent cutting.

For more economical operation use the second option.

Semiconductor regulating independently

This system of heating cable self-regulating for water supply is completely different on the principle of operation from the first option.Two conductors (metallic) are disconnected by a particular semiconductor matrix acting as a heating source. This provides high current conductivity at low temperatures. At the same time, when the temperature rises, the consumption of electricity significantly decreases.

Note! The process of self-regulation occurs at selected points along the entire heating length.

Such features allow you to achieve the highest temperatures on more vulnerable areas. There is a system of cables for heating water pipes its advantages:

• Increases savings on electricity consumption, since with increasing ambient temperature, the system reduces power.
• You can buy the required length, there are places of cutting with a step of 20 or 50 cm.

There is a negative side - the high cost of the cable itself. Even at simple varieties, the price of about 300 rubles per meter, and more than 1000 rubles are estimated the most "advanced" models.

Any system can be installed inside or outside the pipe. Each technology has its own characteristics that should be considered when installing. So, for the external design, it is better to choose models with a flat cross section, since a large cable surface will be in contact with the pipe, which will increase the heat transfer. The power limit is wide, you can pick up from 10 to 60 W per mongon meter.

How to calculate the required power heating of pipelines with a heating cable?

Professionals have a rather complicated system for counting the required power of the wire system for heating the water pipes. In domestic conditions, you can use more simple waywhere you should rely on several indicators:

• With internal heating there is enough 10 W / m.
• When externally used, more powerful structures (17 or 27 W / m) use. Or you can use the formula below.

It can be found in different stores the most different costs for such a heating system, everything will depend on the material of the manufacturer and manufacturer's company, as well as from power. For example, on the heating cable for the water supply, installed outside the pipe, the price can begin from 300 rubles and higher for one time meter.

Mounting options

Mounting variations will depend on the method of insulation (internal or external). Consider several ways.

Features of the installation of heating cable for water pipes inside the pipe

Usually this type of installation is used when tubes are already in operation and plugs are formed. At the same time, if you expect to mount the cable for heating the tap pipe in a container with drinking water, then it is worth the special, which has a tolerance.

To enter the cable inside the gland that is not required when the outdoor installation is required.

To install the system inside the pipe, it should accurately calculate the length of the pipeline of the pipeline that you need to warm up. The location of the installation is denoted by a warning inscription.

Note! All internal installation actions should be carried out very carefully to prevent the cable damage. At the same time, the threads on fittings are better to close the factory flight, like other sharp objects.

More often uses the method of installing a cable to the outside of the pipe.

Video: Montage of self-regulating heating cable inside pipe

External mounting

If you qualitatively carry out work on installing a heating cable, then it will provide you with a long-lasting trouble-free operation of the entire water supply system. To do this, you must comply with the stages of work:

• Preparatory. Clean all pipes from pollution and rust.
• Installing the cable one of the selected methods.

The first installation option is to conduct several parallel threads along the pipe, the number of which depends on the required power.The second is the location of the spiral. This option will require high costs, therefore used in small areas of the water supply.

Water has one interesting property - during freezing it is not compressed, but on the contrary, it expands. Thanks to this winter, plumbing pipes are burst, and in the cakes in the crackling frosts explodes with cucumbers.

Therefore, running along the street territory or shallow underground pipes for the winter empty so that they do not fall. To protect them, a variety of means are used, including self-regulating heating cable for water supply.

In this review we will tell:

• How the self-regulating heating cable works;
• How to choose it;
• How to mount a self-regulating cable;
• How to pick it up.

After reading the material presented, you can protect the home system of water supply from breaks.

What is a self-regulating cable

A self-regulating cable is a unique invention, which is a flexible wire, ceiling under the influence of electricity. In this case, it has a property to adjust its own power, focusing on the surrounding temperature. That is, the colder atmosphere, the hotter self-regulating cable. It seems to be adapting to the peculiarities of its environment, and not along the entire length.

The principle of operation of self-regulating heating cable is its internal arrangement. Roughly speaking, it consists of three main parts:

Multilayer design provides unsurpassed protection and strokes

• Metal conductors - provide electricity supply;
• "Smart" polymer matrix - it is she who adapts under changing conditions and produces heat;
• Isolation - there is a whole "sandwich" from several materials.

The key link here is a polymer matrix. It is she who is responsible for self-regulating properties. And literally each of its centimeter lives its own separate life.

That is, one segment can be colder or vice versa, a hot other. And all this without any electronics, without any sensors and everything else - only the polymer base from the "smart" material.

A self-regulating warming cable for water supply has another interesting feature - this is an arbitrary length. We can take durable scissors, cut it and turn on the network again - it will work as if nothing has happened. It works literally every millimeter, so its length does not matter. Unlike the New Year's garland, it will continue to work even with a random breakdown.
However, self-regulating heating cable has a sufficiently strong design that prevents emergency cliffs.

Other properties of self-regulating heating cable:

"Smart" polymer in the composition of the cable itself regulates the power consumption, which allows you to significantly save electricity

• High mechanical strength - it works from electricity, which means that it needs strong multilayer isolation;
• Resistance to moisture - it works calmly in water thicker. The main thing is to draw its end part using a special shrink film;
• Efficiency in electricity consumption is ensured by self-regulating properties (up to a complete shutdown).

The strength of self-regulating heating cable is provided by its multi-layered. The first two layers are copper conductors and a smart polymer. The insulating layer of polyolefin or fluoropolymer passes on top of them.

The next layer plays the role of armor - a copper braid is used here. Completes our "sandwich" another layer of insulation from polyolefin. Thanks to such a design, the self-regulating heating cable is obtained very durable and hardy.

The copper braid simultaneously works as protection against electromagnetic radiation - it is weak, but still there.

How to choose a suitable self-regulating wire

We talked about the principle of work of self-regulating heating cable. Let us turn to the next section - we will tell how to choose the heating wire by power. For mounting inside the pipe and outside, we will use low-temperature samples that are heated to a maximum of up to +60 degrees. Conduring the calculation of the heating cable, orient to the following indicators:

It is the number of conductive paths in the cable affects its maximum output power.

• The internal location in the passage of pipes under the ground - the optimal power will be 5 W on the temporal meter;
• Outdoor location when pipes under the ground - depending on the depth of the occurrence, you can use samples with a capacity of 10-15 W / m;
• Any location with the street location of the pipes - choose a thin heating cable with a capacity of 20-30 W.

Low-temperature heating self-regulatory cable to protect the pipeline from freezing has a small thickness and is characterized by flexibility, so that it is wicked around the water supply pipes without any problems.

Let's now see what length you can cut off the self-regulating heating cable. We have already said that its length is an arbitrary indicator. But some restrictions are still available. The most recommended length is 80-100 meters, minimum - 20-30 cm. As for the radius of bending, it ranges from 6 diameters.

The cost of self-regulating heating wire depends on its power, the range is large enough. For example, the price per meter of the heating cable 30GSR2 with a capacity of 30 W / m is about 210-230 rubles. A modification of 16GSR2 with a capacity of 16 W will cost 180-190 rubles per / m. You can buy it in plumbing stores and heat engineers of your city, including in construction hypermarkets.

When choosing a self-regulating heating cable, it is necessary to remember that it happens two types:

Special dual insulation allows you to install heating cables directly inside the pipes. However, this option requires more laborious work.

• Technical purpose - it is used to heat the water pipes outside;
• With safe insulation - it can be paved inside the pipe, as a safe fluorine-containing isolation is used here.

By buying one or another sample, be sure to check the seller the ability to use the heating cable inside the water supply pipe.

Also on sale there are universal heating cables in silicone insulation, suitable for heating pipes and work in the composition of warm floors.

Gasket and connection

We looked at all the most important issues, ranging from the principle of operation of self-regulating heating cable, to the questions of its choice. It remains to find out how to install it. First discuss the most interesting way - inside the pipe.

Hidden laying inside the pipe

We have the most interesting task in front of us - to lay a self-regulating warming cable for water pipes inside the pipe. While heated, he will not give the pipe to freeze and burst. Let's see how it is done. We will need the following materials and tools:

Such a connection scheme requires much more effort, but gives an incommensurable increase in efficiency

• Self-regulating heating cable suitable length;
• A sharp knife for removing isolation;
• Heat shrink film for insulation of conductors;
• Rubber seal;
• Tee to install a self-regulating cable inside the pipe;
• Hairdryer for shrinkage film;
• Electric wire with a fork.

To begin with, we define the place of input - it may be an internal or external area (here everything is individually, we look at the situation).

The end portion is located where the pipe goes to the ground or comes to another building.

Remember that all the lengths there should not be cranes and valves, as they can damage the self-regulating heating cable.

All work is carried out before the start of frosts, at a positive temperature - do not wait until the first frosts appear. Do not forget to overlap water in advance!

Special coupling used when connected. You can buy in any plumbing store

If the tap pipe rises from the floor and is sent further horizontally, it will facilitate the gasket - cut the pipe and install the tee in this place.

Next, sit on the tip of the self-regulating heating cable with a heat shrink tube and heat it with a construction hairdryer - this tip must be securely sealed to avoid the contact of the water and the current-carrying parts.
Through the upper removal, we get a self-regulating heating cable into it, without forgetting to put the gland on him.

Next, pushing the cable to the required length - it must be calculated in advance and with a small margin. At the other end, we need to mount the wire with a fork. Carefully remove the insulation and the braid so that we have two conductor seen - we solder the wire, without forgetting to wear a coupling coupling on it from a shrink material (after soldering you put it and we blow it with hot air from the hair dryer).

After you spend all electrical connections, you need to check the resistance with the help of a multimeter - it should be several dozen ohm. If the multimeter shows a short circuit, remove the self-regulating cable and inspect it for damage. Special attention is paid to the largest terminal part.

Now you fix the gland, open the water supply, check the absence of leaks at the place of our work. If all is well, we turn on the wire with a self-regulating warming cable connected to it. Despite the fact that now the water supply is protected from freezing, it is strongly recommended to wind the pipe with thermal insulation. Remember that good protection is a multi-stage protection.

Open outdoor laying

If necessary, you can put a self-regulating heating cable outside the water pipeline. They are watched not only the pipes themselves, but the flanges, connecting couplings and valves installed on them. The easiest option is to make several self-regulating cables parallel to the pipe, securing them with aluminum tape. It is also possible to lay a spiral or double helix, which only increases the effectiveness of heating.

Mounting the heating cable with such a connection is solid pleasure. The main thing is not to skip aluminum scotch

You can use the double laying method - one warming cable to lay parallel, and the second wrap the pipe on the helix. It is primed to the pipe with the help of all the same aluminum tape, rings every 20-30 cm. After the winding is completed, we put the tape on the cable over its entire length - so we will achieve the maximum efficiency of the system.

Some specialists advise to increase the efficiency of heat transfer by preliminary winding pipes with foil or the same scotch.

After you put a self-regulating warming cable on the tap pipe and perform all the necessary electrical connections, wrap the resulting household in the layer of thermal insulation - it will prevent heat care to the atmosphere. We also have recommendations on the installation on the system of water supply system of protective automata - they will prevent electricity leakage during the depressurization of isolation.

Video

The modern cable system of heating sewer and plumbing pipes is the only result of the protection of engineering communications from freezing.

The task of heating is effectively coping both resistive and self-regulating cable for pipe heating, while the second option, although it is more expensive, is in great demand due to reliable and economical operation.

The pipe is wrapped by heating cable

The structure of the heating cable includes:

• The heat-making element is a carbon-based polymer matrix that changes its resistance depending on the temperature.
• Two conductive copper veins.
• Thermoplastic electrical insulation.
• Standard metal braid (screen).
• Outdoor polymer shell.

The principle of operation of self-regulating cable for pipes is to transform electrical energy into thermal. When current passes through the semiconductor matrix, it is heating, resulting in the resistance of the cable and the power consumption is reduced.

At a certain temperature of the heating wire, an equilibrium is achieved between the heat and consumed electrical power. Thus, the process of self-regulation is achieved: the same cable allocates different amounts of thermal energy depending on climatic conditions. . At the same time, the power of heating in different parts of the pipe may differ.

Heating Wire Stacking Technology

Installation of self-regulating cable for heating pipes is carried out both outside and inside the pipeline. Works are performed at temperatures above -5 ° C - at lower temperatures there may be damage to the polymer protective layer. If the wire has lost the flexibility at a low temperature, it is neatly unwound from the bay, connected to the power supply for several minutes until it restores flexibility. After that, you can start assembly.

Features of internal installation

This method of laying the heating cable is used for small diameter pipelines - up to 50 mm, direct access to which is not possible. In this case, the self-regulating wire is pushed inside the pipe for its entire length. For input, a special gland node is used, which includes two sleeves, two washers and rubber seals.

Heating cable inside the pipe for water supply with the gland node

For internal heating of drinking water pipeline, it is allowed to use only a pipe heating cable self-regulating with an outer sheath of a fluorine-containing polymer that has passed all nutritional safety tests.

Safety regulations:

1. The length of the electrical circular must fully coincide with the length of the pipeline.
2. It is forbidden to pave a self-regulating wire through the shut-off valves.
3. Mandatory on the pipe mark the installation of the heating system.
4. Entering the cable must be performed with particular accuracy - it is impossible to damage the outer shell.
5. In the process of entering, all sharp edges of fittings must be closed by the factory ribbon.

Features of external installation

With external laying, the heating cable self-regulating for heating pipes is located on the surface of the pipeline in several ways:

• Linelo (along the pipe of one line). This method is used for a small diameter of pipelines;
• Parallel (two or three cables are laid along the pipe). This option is admissible for a large diameter of the pipe or, if necessary, high power, if the highway is in open areas;
• Spiral (The pipe is "wrapped" by a helix cable). The pitch depends on the parameters of the cable, the diameter of the pipeline and the required power;
• Wavy line . This method is relevant if the standard cable length lacks on the laying in the above methods. The properties of self-regulation of the heating cable allows you to lay it on the penetration for heating outdoor shut-off valves.

With external laying, special attention is paid to places to connect the pipeline with valves, flanges, kneeing and other elements so that the wire does not interfere with it to function, and at the same time eliminate its mechanical damage (peat, grip-stretching). The electrocabolic is tightly fixed to the pipeline using aluminum tape. After that, the pipe heat isolating to reduce heat losses and ensure the effective functioning of the heating system.

Instructions for using the heating cable for pipe heating regulates the connection to the network 220-240 in only via the RCD.

Review manufacturers

The heating system for sewage and water pipes is represented by both foreign and domestic producers. The price of the heating cable for pipes depends on its power, the element and the country of the manufacturer.

1.Oo "Special Systems and Technologies" - Russian manufacturer, offers a large range of heating cables under TM FREEZSTIOP:

• Self-regulating cable for pipe heatingF.reezstop. - for the lowest temperatures, has a heating power of 25 W / m.
• Freezstop Simple Heat. - Heating section with a built-in bimetallic thermostat that automatically maintains the temperature of the pipeline.
• Freezstop Lite. - miniature wire for small diameter pipes.
• Freezstop Inside - Special cable for internal mounting with a gland node bundled. The outer shell is made of fluoropolymer, safe when used with drinking water.

2. The world in the world, the manufacturer of cable heating systems can be called Devi (Denmark) . To protect against pipelines, a self-regulating device Devi-PipeGuard is used with a capacity of 10 to 31 W / m. For internal installation, Devi-Pipeheat 10 is suitable for the water supply system with insulation of edible plastic.

3. Companies Fine Korea Co . (Korea) offers SRF-40 W / m series with low power consumption to protect vertically and horizontally located pipelines.

Specifications of the cable heating system

Freezing of water pipes is pretty frequent problem private houses and cottages. They can be drunk to the ground, or simply insulate, but, at the entrance to the house, with severe frosts, they will still be blocked. Experts recommend installing a warming cable for water supply.

Benefits of the heating construction for water supply:

• If you correctly install and make a calculation, then throughout the cold, the plumbing will be protected from large frosts.
• Heating wire can be installed in pipes with drinking water.
• A self-regulating cable can be used both inside and outside the water pipeline, outdoors and closed.
• A self-regulating wire can independently control the heating temperature, depending on the ambient temperature.

Pluses make it possible to freely use the water supply in places of the most severe winters.

The heating cable is designed to maintain the necessary temperature of the sewer tube, the water supply system that are on the street. Otherwise, the water pipes are filled.

It is recommended to include a heating structure when the air temperature drops to +5. If you wait until the highway drops to a minus mark, the plumbing will begin to freeze. It will take more time and cost of electricity to heating. While water hops, the passage will be difficult, and the pressure is weak.

Previously, the heating cable was used in industrial enterprises. That's just now this heating system has become used in home conditions for water pipes.

Heating cables are divided into two types:

• resistive;
• self-regulating.

But the second version of the warming design has more advantages, so it is used more often.

The principle of operation of the heating element

The resistive cable heats the metabolic conductor during the passage of the electric current.

But it does not matter what air temperature, +5 or -10, the recovery of heat and the waste of electricity is the same. For control, in the heating system, they put the thermostat, temperature sensors, as in electric warm floors.

The heating cable of this kind is single-core and dwended. A single-core cable connects to the water supply on both sides. Two-tissue, on the one hand, the plug is fixed, on the other - the cord with a fork for connecting to the network 220 V.

When the resistive cable is stacked, the wire should not be fulfilled, or being too close, they will overheat when crossing, and can quickly fail. And yet, the heating cable of this kind cannot be cut, otherwise it will just deteriorate. Therefore, it is settled entirely for any size.

The self-regulating cable is heated by a polymer, it is located between two conductors. The more he heats up, the less heat allocates, and when cooled - more. Thus, it regulates the temperature itself. Thanks to its properties, this kind of heating cable and got a name - self-regulating.

It has such advantages:

• when crossing wires does not burn out;
• it can be cut anywhere, but it will be necessary to make a terminal coupling;
• the element can be any length.

The only lack of self-regulating cable, a high price, but considering all the pros and life of more than 10 years, the price justifies.

It is worth considering that the pipes with the heating cable must be inspired. Otherwise, to heat the plumbing need a high power, greater electricity consumption. Or with severe frosts without insulation, a flexible heater may not cope with its task.

Ways to mount heating cable

The installation of the heating cable is carried out by an outdoor or inner way. For each installation method, a certain type of wire is used. Some are intended only for internal laying or outer. What way the heating element in the plumbing is installed, is indicated in technical characteristicsoh.

Installing the heating element inside the pipe is recommended if there are no other options for laying outside. Usually when the water supply is in inaccessible places.

To establish a flexible heater inside, it must meet such requirements:

• the shell must be without damage, and the release of harmful substances;
• degree of electrical protection not lower IP68;
• sealed installation of the terminal clutch.

The location of the transition to the electric cord, as well as the coupling should not be in the pipe. The wire is not fixed, it is simply refueling inside.

The positive sides of this method are that with direct contact with water, electricity is less spent on water pipe heating, and less problematic in the installation. Does not require any special fasteners, when repairing it, you just need to pull out of the tee, without breaking the earth. No disclose special designs and insulation are required.

There are deficiencies in the internal way:

• free space in the pipe becomes less;
• the element gradually turns the raid, and the passage in the plumbing is faster.

Such a laying method can be used only in straight and not strongly curved water pipes. Conduct the heating element through tees is prohibited, and through the locking reinforcement.

Step-by-step installation:

1. first, the cabin node is dressed on the cable;
2. the designed place is a tee, a flexible heater will be introduced through it;
3. further, it is dyed to the desired place in the water supply, where water often moves;
4. after installation, the sleeve knot is twisted, it is necessary to seal it.

Outdoor installation

Before installing the heating cable, it is necessary to prepare pipes. Clean them from dust and dirt, get rid of rust, tracks from welding. So that there are no irregularities on the surface. Because it has to fit tightly to the walls of the pipes and the installation was not damaged. Fixed on pure metal every 30 cm, and not less often, aluminum adhesive tape or plastic clamps.

If the heater in the outdoor mounting is laid at the bottom, that is, in the coldest place, it is necessary to fix well. To prevent crashing or at all, the wire can turn out. If several wires are installed, most of them must be from below. And be at a distance from each other, if it is resistive models. In no case to prevent the preventation of heating wires. Another way of installation, installation in the form of a spiral. But the installation should be carried out very carefully, they do not like sharp or frequent bends.

Installation helix can be carried out in two ways:

1. it is necessary to gradually unwind the coupling and circling around the pipe of the water pipeline;
2. fasten a flexible heater with a savory with aluminum tape;
3. after turning them around the pipe and secure a special metallized ribbon.

If it is supposed to heat the plumbing from plastic pipes, then you first need a place where the thread will be mounted, sneaking with aluminum adhesive tape, to improve thermal conductivity, and after you can start exciting the warming cable.

The tees and various similar devices will be more spent by heating material, because for heating these parts it is necessary more heat. But it is recommended to ensure that the loops in the laying are not too sharply curved.

For insulation, it is not desirable to use mineral wool. This material is afraid of moisture and when wetting loses its properties of thermal insulation. After freezing in a wet form, and then when the temperature is enhanced, it will fall on to small parts. And if the pipeline is on the street, this wet is provided.

Insulation, which will be compressed under weights, as they lose their thermal insulation properties. It is possible to use the foam rubber as a heater for the water supply, with the condition that it will not be crushed around anything. Another option - on top of the foamed polyethylene put on a hard tube, a plastic, sewer model can be used. One of the most good optionsThis is a insulation of polystyrene foam, it is also called the shell. It is not afraid of water, withstands not very heavy loads, has good characteristics.

The meaning of the thermostat

To pay less for heating the water pipeline, it is better to put the thermostat. In the event that the self-regulating wire is installed. It turns on at +3 and stops working at a temperature of +13.

But if the water from the well, it will not be the temperature above +13, it turns out that the cable will work all year, that is, constantly. At least in the summer you can turn it off from the network, but what to do in the autumn and spring period when the air temperature can suddenly fall below 0 degrees.

It is not necessary to warm the water that goes into the shower, it will heat up with the help of a boiler.

Conclusion - Better to install the thermostat, in it there is a shutdown function above +5 degrees. There will be significant electricity savings, and the service life of the heating cable will increase several times.

Effective heating of pipelines in winter solves a lot of problems: protects liquids from freezing and thickening, it helps maintain operational temperatures. We will figure it out how to choose the properly chopping cable for pipes, study the dignity and disadvantages, the features of the installation, tell about the rules of operation.

Heating cables are used to heat water, sewer, drainage pipes, in the exhausting systems of drainage systems, on trunk and technological pipelines.

The main task of heating systems of pipelines is to prevent freezing fluid in the pipe. The ice will not only burst the pipe, it can lead to damage. The same applies to the drainage systems: toes, which are formed in the gutters and pipes, increase the mass of the drain. As a rule, it ends with a scope of the system with subsequent repairs or a complete replacement.

Another important area of \u200b\u200bapplication is support for the operating temperatures of pipelines on various industries, regardless of the time of year and ensuring normal operating temperatures in the hot water supply pipelines.

In Russia, with its cold winters, the question of the right type of pipe heating is especially acute.

Types of heating cables

Two main types of heating cables:

Feature of the first type - The ability to change the temperature depending on the ambient temperature (the lower the ambient temperature or soil temperature drops, the stronger the cable is heated). Second type - resistive - It has a constant set temperature, which depends on the size of the cable resistance.

Self-regulating cable

Self-regulating cables are used mainly for pipe heating, resistive - in warm floor systems, thawing roofs or to heal concrete.

Cables can be mounted outside or inside the pipe, can be grounded or without ground. The latter can be used for pipes in the soil.

By picking The majority of popular heating cables are also divided into two types:

• in sets;
• cutting.

Manufactured models are more convenient, as they do not require buying and installing additional components and accessories. Cutting - more versatile. They allow you to maintain areas of pipelines of any length, but require specific skills when installing.

How does a self-regulating cable

The operation of such a cable is based on the heating of a special conductive matrix. It consists of a semiconductor, which is parallel to the chain between two copper conductive conductors.

Semiconductor matrix self-regulating cable can have tin or nickel-plated coating. Nickel plated matrices are more durable. Pay attention to the presence of braid on the cable. It makes the cable stronger and resistant to mechanical damage. Cable without such a braid refers to budget options.

No less important and the presence of external isolation. If we are talking about selection of cable for domestic use, you can save and take an option with an insulation of polyolefin. For industrial conditions, it is better to take insulation from a fluoropolymer, which makes the cable more protected in front of solar rays and aggressive media. For cable, which will be located inside the pipe, it will take insulation from fluoroplast.

The cable and in temperature class differs:

• low-temperature cable can be heated to 65 0 s, no more than 15 W / m power, which is not very much. This option is only for very small pipe diameter;
• the medium-temperature cable can warm up to 120 ° C, the power is from 10 to 33 W / m. well suited for heating the roof and protection against freezing pipes of medium diameter;
• the high-temperature cable is heated to 190 0 s, power from 15 to 95 W / m. This is an option for use in industrial conditions.

The power selection depends on the diameter of the pipe. For pipes with a diameter of up to 25 mm, a cable with a power of 10 W / m is suitable, with a diameter of 25-40 mm - 16 W / m, for pipes 40-60 mm - 24 W / m, for pipes 60-80 mm - 30 W / m, For pipes with a diameter of more than 80 mm - 40 W / m or more.

Manufacturers of heating cables

The most popular in Russia enjoy the cables of the following brands:

• Heatus (South Korea);
• Fine Korea (South Korea);
• Raychem (USA);
• Heat-Trace (United Kingdom).

One of the main characteristics on which the durability of the heating system depends is heat treatment (baking) of the matrix. It affects the reliable connection at the molecular level. The matrix of other manufacturers may not have such a processing.

Below are the results of tests of heatus heating matrices, which were carried out in the laboratory of the manufacturer of Young Chang Silicone. They showed that 5,200 hours of standard operation of the heating cable, the rated power of the Heatus matrix (16 W for the 16GSR2 and 30 W cable for the 30GSR2 cable) changed quite slightly.

Starting cable. What it is lower, the smaller the impact on the compounds of the matrix with current-handed veins, which means the cable will last longer. Consider the basic parameters of common cable models on brands (see the image below).

From the table of the table it is clear that the smallest value Starting current from samples 1 and 2 - Heatus and Fine Korea. Low starting currents protect the matrices of cables from sharp temperature drops and thereby positively affect the durability of the system as a whole.

Next important characteristic - the time of exit to operate and its ratio with launchers. The lowest ratios of the operating time of the operating current and the starting current in the production models of Heatus and Raychem, but the HEATUS 16GSR2 model is characterized by the lowest reduction time to the operating current, and therefore, less intense matrix and low electricity consumption. It is the optimal values \u200b\u200bof the starting and time spent on operating current make Heatus the leader of a peculiar rating.

Let us dwell on the products of this South Korean company.

Heatus cable sets

To solve household tasks, on objects with pipelines not very long, it is convenient to use ready-made sets of warming cable. For installation inside the pipe, the company from South Korea offers the PerfectJet cable model range, for mounting outside the pipeline - the Ardpipe cable family. The five-year warranty is distributed on all cable models.

For right choice It is necessary to determine the parameters of the pipeline: type, diameter of the pipe and operating conditions.

PerfectJet.

PerfectJet cables are recommended for installation inside the pipes with a diameter of 20 to 120 millimeters. They operate at the effects of exposure from -60 to +85 degrees Celsius for working media temperatures from -20 to +65 degrees. Such a cable is optimal for heating water supply and sewage.

Installing the cable inside the pipe allows you to use it for pipelines hidden under the soil layer, regardless of the depth of the break.

The advantage of PerfectJet cables is an outer insulation of food polyethylene. Products can be operated in drinking water pipelines.

The cable consumes little energy. With 10 degrees Celsius consumed the power of one route meter - only 13 watts.

For the literate installation of the cable, several simple rules must be observed:

Power on the cable must be supplied via a circuit breaker, a protective shutdown device (UZO) or a diphawtomat. The power system must be grounded.

The cable must have a thermostat with a temperature sensor installed on the pipeline. In the warm season, the cable must be turned off from the mains.

Sizes. Series cables have a dimensional range of 65 sizes in 1 meter increments. This makes it possible to choose the optimal length almost on any object. Especially often such systems are used in private houses.

Ardpipe.

The Ardpipe cable family is intended for heating pipelines with a diameter from the minimum up to 200 millimeters outside the pipe, as well as heat protection of septic, drainage systems, sewer pipes of large diameter. Heatus offers models like grounding and without it.

Ardpipe is optimal for rigid operating conditions. They have durable insulation, withstand temperatures from -60 and up to +65 degrees Celsius, UV-resistant.

Outdoor heating systems have a number of features. When installing on plastic pipelines, it is necessary to remember the low thermal conductivity of plastic, so the cable is better mounted on the pipe, having preheated aluminum tape at it at the point of contact.

The cable is fixed along the entire length using aluminum tape or clamps, plastic screeds with a step of fastening 30 centimeters.

If the circuit is provided by the thermostat, then its sensor should be on the opposite cable side of the pipe. After mounting the cable to the pipeline it is necessary to heat insulating.

The cable can be set along the pipe or spiral around it.

When installing along the pipe (linear installation), the warming cable runs in its lower part. So heat will be distributed more evenly, and the cable will be better protected from mechanical damage.
Spiral cable is mounted on large diameter pipelines and in cases where there are power limitations. The lack of such a method of installation is in excessive cable consumption.

For greater efficiency when operating on the street, the maintained pipeline needs to be insulated. So significantly reduces the power consumption of self-regulating cable and will fall thermal losses.

Conclusion

Systems of heating pipelines, thawing roofing, drainage and eaves, warm floors - all that is based on the operation of the heating cable - are becoming increasingly used in Russia, where it is especially important due to the harsh climate.

Heating systems are comfort and safety. The safety of pipelines and other systems, their durability and, therefore, the safety of the budget depends on competent operation.

As for the consumption of electricity - modern technological solutions allow you to create energy-efficient heating systems with consumption values \u200b\u200bthat can be neglected.

The well-known supplier of cable products of this type in Russia is an accident company, which is the official distributor of the Heatus brand in Russia. HEATUS product catalog in the Assortment "Alarm" includes cable heating systems, pipes, roofs, sites, equipment, soil. The company delivers orders to any region of Russia. Offices "Avaris" and storage space are located in St. Petersburg, Moscow, Orenburg and Samara.

Thank you for the information provided.