What can you eat with diabetes?

28.01.2022 diets

Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by impaired glucose metabolism. All treatment is aimed precisely at ensuring that its level remains normal. Therefore, in addition to the use of medical products, the patient must adhere to proper nutrition. Sometimes only this measure can improve the patient's condition and reduce the symptoms of the disease.

Fundamental rules

There are certain rules that a patient with diabetes must follow. For instance:

it is necessary to limit the consumption of foods containing a large amount of carbohydrates;
you need to reduce the calorie content in the diet;
do not forget about vitamins;
need to eat 5-6 times a day, and every day this should happen at the same time.

What is allowed

What can you eat with diabetes? This question arises in many people who are faced with this terrible disease. And if people with type 1 disease (insulin is taken all their lives) can eat many foods from the diet of a healthy person, while excluding fried and fatty foods, then with type 2 it is more difficult. Since insulin therapy is indicated for diabetics with type 2 disease, the doctor must calculate everything correctly. This is done so that the glucose level, if it deviates from the norm, then only by the minimum values.

Each product has its own glycemic index. It is also called "bread unit". This is an indicator of how the blood sugar level rises after eating it. On the Internet, you can find a table that shows the glycemic index of the most common foods, as well as their nutritional value per 100g. With this list, a person with type 2 diabetes can choose a diet that will not greatly affect blood glucose levels. GI products last for three types:

with a low glycemic index, the value of which does not exceed 49;
with an average GI - the value is from 50 to 69;
with a high GI value - more than 70.

What is included in the list of food that is allowed to patients? The easiest way to figure this out is with a table:

What can	Name	GI
Bakery products and bread. It is desirable that it be black bread or designed specifically for diabetics. A day of such a product can be consumed no more than 300g. This amount will help maintain normal blood glucose levels.	Grain bread	40
	Whole wheat bread	45
	"Borodino" bread	45
Soups. Greater preference is given, of course, to vegetables, because. they are less caloric and contain a small amount of bread units. In addition, type 2 diabetics are allowed soups that are cooked on lean meat or fish.	meat broth	—
	fish broth	—
	Poultry broth	—
Meat. Patients with this form of the disease can eat lean meats.	Veal	—
	Beef	—
	rabbit meat	—
	Bird	—
A fish. It can be boiled, stewed, steamed, baked in the oven. In general, just do not fry. At the same time, only lean fish can be eaten.	Cod	—
	Carp	—
	Zander	—
Eggs. This product should not be abused too much, because. it raises cholesterol. However, 1 boiled egg per day or an omelette is allowed. In addition, they can be added when preparing other foods.	Egg	48
	Omelette	49
Milk products. Type 2 diabetics can eat low-fat foods.	Skimmed milk	27
	Low-fat cottage cheese	30
	low-fat kefir	25
	Soy milk	30
	Natural yoghurt 1.5%	35
Fruits and berries. Moreover, some of them not only do not increase sugar, but also lower cholesterol levels.	Grapefruit	22
	Kiwi	50
	Apples	30
	Raspberries	30
Vegetables. Some of them can be consumed without special restrictions.	Cabbage	10
	Tomatoes	10
	cucumbers	20
	Radish	15
	Parsley	5
Butter and vegetable oil. It can be eaten no more than 2 tablespoons per day. This is normal for diabetics.	Butter	51
	Vegetable oil	—
Honey. It can be eaten, but also in very small quantities, because its GI is quite high.	Honey	90
Beverages. Fresh juices, tea are allowed	Green tea	—
	citrus juice	40
	Tomato juice	15
	Apple juice	40
	carrot juice	40
	Water	—

What is prohibited

As a rule, people with type 2 disease have a natural question: “What can not be eaten with diabetes?”. What foods should be excluded from the diet? The list is also big.

What is not allowed	Name	GI
Sugar. Prohibited in its purest form. Instead, you need to use sweeteners. Now in pharmacies you can find a wide variety of such products.	Sugar	70
This food is strictly prohibited. Firstly, it contains a lot of sugar, and secondly, it is very high in calories. And this is very harmful in such a disease.	Buns	88
	cakes	100
	Cake	100
	fried patty	88
Fatty meats and fish. In general, any fatty foods should be excluded from the diet. In addition, the skin must be removed from the bird, as it is usually too fat.	Pork	58
	fish cakes	50
Smoked products and canned food. It is worth giving up fried and smoked foods, as well as canned fish containing oil and salted fish. They have a low GI but are high in fat and calories, which is also bad for this disease.		—
Sauces. With such a disease, you can not eat mayonnaise, fatty sauces.	Mayonnaise	60
	Margarine	50
Milk products. Whole milk, full-fat cottage cheese, full-fat sour cream and kefir are also on the list of prohibited foods.	Fat cottage cheese	55
	Fatty sour cream	56
	curd masses	70
	Glazed curds
It is completely worth eliminating semolina and food made from it, as well as limiting consumption. pasta.	Semolina	65
	Durum wheat pasta	50
	Pasta of the highest grade
Vegetables. Some vegetables can be consumed in minimal quantities.	boiled potatoes	65
	Fried potato	95
	Boiled beets	64
	fried zucchini	75
Fruit. V some fruits contains a large amount of sugar, which affects the body.	Bananas	60
	Watermelon	72
	Raisin	65
Beverages. Carbonated drinks, sweet compotes also not allowed.	fruit compote	60
	Carbonated drinks	74
	Juice in a package	70
Snacks. Chips are high in calories, so they should also be eliminated from the diet.	Crisps	95
Sweets. No sweets, sweets, jam, ice cream are allowed.	Ice cream Caramel	70
	Halva	70
	milk chocolate	70
	Chocolate bars	70
	Jam	70
Alcohol. You shouldn't abuse it. A complete rejection is usually not required either. However, alcohol can be consumed only in strictly limited doses.	Champagne	46
	Wine	44

There are enough prohibitions, but at the same time, diabetics do not have to limit themselves in everything. After all, the list of allowed products is also not small.

Proper Diet

Nutrition with such a disease should be fractional. It is best to eat 6 times a day, but not in large portions. In this case, food will be absorbed gradually, and glucose will also gradually enter the bloodstream.

People with type 2 diabetes need to control the calorie content of foods consumed. After all, one of the symptoms in patients with this form of the disease is a tendency to be overweight, which negatively affects the whole body. To do this, you can make your diet according to the table of caloric content of products and stick to it constantly.

The doctor should help the patient choose the right diet, taking into account the drugs he is taking. After all, everything together should have a positive effect and give results. Some people can independently control their condition and diet. For this you need to create a special table in which you need to record the calorie content of the foods eaten and your indicators obtained by self-measurement of sugar. And then find out what is still preferable to eat.

Currently, there are many recipes for low-calorie, but tasty food. Therefore, if a specialist prescribes a diet, then you should not be upset. It is possible to maintain normal blood sugar levels throughout life by leading a healthy lifestyle and adhering to proper nutrition.