The manual for speech therapists, preschool teachers and parents includes speech material for speech therapy and general developmental work with children on the formation of the correct pronunciation of sounds. The author's recommendations will help adults organize corrective action in a form that is interesting for children. The book can also be used in working with children with age-related pronunciation deficiencies for the general development of speech: improving diction, enriching vocabulary, developing speech hearing, preparing for sound-letter analysis.

The work belongs to the genre Pedagogy. It was published in 2014 by AST. On our website you can download the book "Home Lessons of a Speech Therapist" in fb2, rtf, epub, pdf, txt format or read online. The rating of the book is 4.83 out of 5. Here, before reading, you can also refer to the reviews of readers who are already familiar with the book and find out their opinion. In the online store of our partner you can buy and read the book in paper form.

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Master class for parents: “Secrets of a speech therapist,

in individual work on the production and automation of sounds.

Teacher speech therapist:Ivanova Svetlana Venadievna

Today I will conduct a small speech therapy master class with you. I will show you a set of exercises on individual work in the production and automation of sounds. The basis of the proposed system is formed by the forms and methods of work using author's didactic games and manuals.

We all know well that deficiencies are easier to prevent than to eradicate.

"Without speech there is no consciousness, no self-consciousness."

L.S. Vygotsky

Motto: "Listen and you will know, look and you will understand,

do it - and you will learn, do it better than us!

Equipment:

1. Individual mirrors
2. Cotton discs.
3. Cotton swabs.
4. Fingertip.
5. Cocktail tubes.
6. Cups with lids,
7. Staging speech therapy probes.
8. Oral cavity "RATATUSHKA".
9. Language theater.
10. Balloons.
11. Papyrus paper butterfly.
12. Pinwheel.
13. Plastic lips for the development of the air jet.
14. Massage ball with spikes "Hedgehog".
15. "Su-jok".
16. Ball with rubber bands.
17. Clothespins.
18. "Elephant - Elephon" - for the development of phonemic hearing.

Program:

1. Generalization of pedagogical experience on the topic.

2. Exercises for staging and automating sounds.

3. Reflection of experience:

B) what he took useful (interesting).

C) what was the master class remembered for?

Target: Providing generalization, systematization and dissemination of personal pedagogical experience to a wide audience of preschool teachers.

Tasks:

1. Creating conditions for the professional development of a teacher, during which experience is gained in the formation of speech exercises for the normal speech development of children of senior preschool age.
2. Formation of an individual style of creative pedagogical activity in the process of innovative work.

In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of preschoolers with disorders of general and speech development. A chain of unfavorable factors leads to the fact that already in the middle group of kindergarten we find up to 60% of pupils with speech development disorders.

The most important indicator of children's preparedness for schooling is their level of speech development. After all, all the same, first the child masters sound speech. Correcting deficiencies in sound pronunciation at an older age is much more difficult than preventing them in the early stages of a child's development.

The work on the sound culture of speech includes the following sections:

• development of movements of the articulation apparatus (articulation gymnastics);
• consistent work on the correction of problematic sounds.
• prevention of speech disorders.

Today we will get acquainted with one of the main topics of the complex of master classes,this is "Secrets in the work of a speech therapist teacher in staging and automating sounds."

How to explain in an accessible language to parents what speech is?

(Building a house)

And now let's move on to the sections in which work is being done on setting sounds:

Work on the development of the articulatory apparatus

In order for the sound pronunciation to be pure, strong, elastic and mobile organs of speech are needed - the tongue, lips, soft palate. Since all speech organs are composed of muscles, therefore, they are amenable to training.

Gymnastics aimed at developing the organs of speech is called articulation. Such gymnastics helps to strengthen speech muscles and prepares the basis for pure sound pronunciation.

You can come up with fairy tales that will help children cope with some speech difficulties. Playing with them together with the children, we see that the production of sounds is faster, and the children show keen interest even when performing very difficult articulation exercises.

Work on gross and fine motor skills

Children with speech disorders often have deficiencies in gross motor skills. Body movements and speech motor skills have common mechanisms, so the development of fine motor skills of the hands directly affects the development of speech. That is why the development of fine motor skills should take a strong place in the classroom with the child. Children with delayed speech development have poor coordination of fine motor skills of the fingers. And as a result, dysgraphia (violation of writing) may develop. The higher the motor activity of the child, the better his speech develops.

Development of correct speech breathing

The key to a clear pronunciation of sounds and clear diction is well-placed speech breathing.

With children, exercises are carried out daily to develop speech breathing.

Development of phonemic hearing

The ability to focus on sound - we develop auditory attention.

A small child does not know how to compare sounds, but he can be taught this. The purpose of exercises for the development of phonemic hearing is to teach the child to listen and hear.

The joint work carried out with educators and parents shows that close cooperation in conditions of limited impact and the use of speech therapy techniques helps in solving the problems of corrective action as soon as possible.

Thus, the efficiency of the work of a speech therapist teacher increases, the percentage of children with speech defects to enter school decreases, and the percentage of children who graduate with literate speech and correct pronunciation increases.

So, the main organ of the articulatory apparatus is the LANGUAGE!

Practical part

And now, I invite you to attend such speech therapy classes and participate in them with me, and my assistant will help me to conduct them, get acquainted - the Oral cavity, RaTaTuShkA.

The practical part of my master class, I always start with these words:

“Rejoice even in small achievements,

Strive for perfection, because it has no limit!

Stage 1 in the production of sounds - ARTICULATION GYMNASTICS

Let's start with performing articulatory gymnastics. What are we doing it for? In order for you to feel what facial muscles are, and that you really have them. In total, as cosmetologists say, we have more than 200 facial muscles. Girls, do not be afraid to grimace, because a frozen grimace creates wrinkles, and articulatory gymnastics, which constantly changes the face, only pumps up muscles, and almost all speech therapists maintain a beautiful oval face for a long time. In real life, we do several actions during a conversation: we talk and look, we talk and listen. And sometimes you need to do not one, not two, but several actions to introduce sound into speech. Thus, we will talk with you and perform the action with the help of our assistants: I have an oral cavity, the participants have the Theater of the Tongue.

1. Stretch and stretch the lips as much as possible forward, while we say: UNDERSTANDING - and so 8 times.
2. The mouse is crawling on the wall: PI-PI-PI --------EEEEEE. We stretch our lips forward as much as possible, pronounce UUUU, and, while stretching our lips as much as possible, pronounce EEEE.
3. Let's do the exercise"Football". In turn, we rest our tongues on one side of the cheek, then on the other, literally bursting the cheek. We accompany the action with a voice similar to the sound U. Do not forget that when doing this exercise we have a sharp tongue, a hard tip. And so 8 times.
4. They say that there is a tongue-rolling gene. Let's roll with youtongue tubeand blow on the tip of the tongue. If your tube does not work out, we make such a “cup”.
5. Exercise "Watch" . We touch the tongue to the left corner of the mouth, and fix this position. The same with the right corner of the mouth.
6. Exercise "Fungus". The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. Press the wide tongue with the entire plane against the palate (the tongue sticks) and hold in this position under the count from 1 to 8.
7. The exercise "Delicious jam"Lick the upper lip with the wide front edge of the tongue, and then the lower one.
8. Horse exercise. The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. Press a wide spatulate tongue against the palate and tear it off with a click. Make sure that the lower jaw does not move during this exercise.
9. Exercise "Drum". The mouth is open. Lips in a smile. With a wide tip of the tongue, knock on the palate behind the upper teeth, repeatedly and distinctly pronouncing the sound D-D-D. At first the sound is pronounced slowly, then the tempo accelerates. Make sure the D sound is pronounced very hard.

Now tell me how do you feel? Feeling a rush of blood? tingling? It's good, we got all of our 200 facial muscles working!

Don't worry who doesn't quite succeed, after a while everyone succeeds!!!

Group lessons help children to adapt, while individual lessons help to set the sound. There are cases when it is impossible for a child to make hissing sounds and the sound P, this is due to a shortened hyoid frenulum, then I refer such children to an orthodontist.

Stage 2 - DEVELOPMENT OF SPEECH BREATH

Speech Breathing Exercises

1. Take air through the nose (do not raise your shoulders, exhale should be long and smooth, you need to make sure that your cheeks do not puff out (for starters, you can hold them with your hands)
2. Blow the butterfly off the tip of your nose.
3. Storm in a glass. We take two plastic transparent cups. In one we pour a lot of water, almost to the brim, and in the other we pour a little bit. We invite the child to play "storm in a glass" with the help of cocktail tubes. To do this, in a glass where a lot of water needs to be blown through a tube weakly, and in a glass where there is little water, you can blow strongly. The task of the child is to play so as not to spill water.
4. Inflate the balloon without puffing out the cheeks.
5. Pinwheel, lips.

Stage 3 - DEVELOPMENT OF FINE MOTOR SKILLS

1. Massage ball.
2. Ball with rubber bands.
3. Clothespins.
4. Su-jok therapy.

Stage 4 - DEVELOPMENT OF PHONEMATIC HEARING

Hear - clap

An adult pronounces a series of sounds (syllables, words); and the child with his eyes closed, having heard the given sound, claps his hands.(The child does not see your articulation).

Little teacher "Elephant - Elephon"

Tell your child that his favorite toy wants to learn how to speak properly. Ask the child to “explain” to the toy what this or that object is called. At the same time, make sure that the baby correctly and clearly pronounces the words.

An adult shows the child a picture and names the object, replacing the first letter (forota, short, morota, gate, porta, goodness). The task of the child is to clap his hands when he hears the correct pronunciation.

Game "Telegraph"

To play, you need cut strips of paper and a pen. You give a telegram: "The baby elephant got sick." The young telegraph operator lays out as many strips as there are words in a sentence. And then on each strip draws as many circles as there are syllables in the word. The telegram “elephant is sick” will look like this: two paper strips with three circles on each.

And I would like to finish my master class with a beautiful poem that characterizes me as a speech therapist teacher.

Stage 5 - SETTING THE SOUND [P]

We have performed articulatory gymnastics, worked on fine motor skills, and now it's time to move on to setting the sound. In this case, we will put the sound [R]. For the correct pronunciation of the sound R, it is necessary to make our tip of the tongue tremble. This is where we need to recall the exercise "Drummer" once again.

(I show on 1 person using a speech therapy probe, the rest I try to do the same, only using my own finger and fingertip).

We work out the sound R in isolation and in syllables.

"Rib - fist - palm - cotton"

Now we will make the following movement: rib - fist - palm - clap (showing). And now you will understand the stages of growth of the introduction of sound into speech. We do all movements together.

1. rib - fist - palm - cotton;

2. p - p - p - p;

Ra - ra - ra - ra;

Ro-ro-ro-ro;

Ru - ru - ru - ru;

Ry - ry - ry - ry.

3.ra - ro - ru - ry

Excellent, well done! Difficult? Difficult.

And I would like to finish my master class with a poem that characterizes me as a speech therapist teacher:

Patience and creativity

Perseverance and victory -

Here are the main steps

In the work of a speech therapist.

All Nadi, Vani, Viti

Gotta talk

And it depends on you

To be or not to be.

My heart hurts for everyone.

Everyone wants to help.

More than once the question: "What to do?"

Chased all night.

You go sometimes with bags,

And the tongue is a "fungus",

Or "horse" clicks,

Ile lips "proboscis".

Suddenly you crackle with a "motor"

Several times in a row

And you catch the wary

Walking by look.

So day after day

Down then up

tongue flies,

Work so hard

Not all of you could.

And… there were sounds

And after perhaps syllables,

And there already the words went

On the right road.

At the very first meeting

We often hear: "Datte"

And goodbye clear:

"Health and happiness to you!"

And I'm without false modesty

I'm not ashamed to admit

That I am my profession

Really proud!

On this my master class is over,

Many thanks to everyone for your help and attention!

Hello dear readers and subscribers of the blog!
This article is dedicated to lovers of the sweet life. Who loves everything sweet and savory? Whose heart is the way through the stomach? And these are not men at all, but our beloved and dear children (although men also sometimes behave like children and love to eat tasty and sweet). They are shown sweet and tasty gymnastics for the tongue. In this article I will tell you how to sweeten life for our little sufferers who have speech defects and do not want to do articulation exercises.

Forcing and scolding is not worth it, because the knowledge and skills gained on the negative are poorly fixed and little used in practice, so we turn to sweet procedures. You can use any sweets and goodies that are available, the main thing is that the child does not have allergies. You can use: berries, pieces of fresh and dry fruit, candied fruits, ready-made breakfasts, straws, edible sticks, sprinkles, jam, jam, marmalade - everything that is at home and is not rejected by the baby.

This round caramel on a stick is very popular among speech therapists. A completely waste-free device, since the wand can also be used. The ball should be small. Other lollipops will work, as long as there are no sharp edges.

• we take a candy and begin to drive left and right and up and down, in a circle, setting the directions where the child should reach with his tongue. Used for exercises “watch”, “swing”, “wheel”
• put the ball in the recess of the “cup” of the tongue
• massage of the tongue with a lollipop: move the ball back and forth along the midline, lightly tap and bounce, make light vibrational movements
• hold the lollipop with your lips, squeezing them
• press the tongue with the lollipop lying on it to the sky or upper lip
• massage the cheeks from the inside with a ball

After the caramel is eaten, use the remaining stick for corrective purposes:

• put in the middle of the tongue and make a tube with the tongue
• we blow into the tube on the cotton
• put the stick in a glass of water and gurgle
• lay out letters and figures from sticks

Straws and edible sticks

They are good to use for practicing some articulation exercises:

• “Tubule” with the tongue - put the stick in the middle of the tongue and raise its lateral edges
• “tube” with lips - hold the straw with lips stretched into the proboscis
• “cup” with the tongue - break off a piece of straw and put in a recess
• "fungus" - hold the stick with your teeth, while the tongue lies on top of the stick
• we make a “mustache” - we hold a straw between the upper lip, raising it, and the nose or between the lips
• “spoon on a plate” put the stick on a wide spread tongue and hold it

Cookies, croutons

• we crumble pieces on a plate, from there the baby should “peck” them with the tip of the tongue
• bite the cookie / cracker with your lips or teeth, inserting them into your mouth and pulling them out
• put the crumb on the tip of the tongue and blow it off
• run the tip of the tongue and the side edges along the rough surface of the cracker or cookie
• build a house / hut from cookies and blow it off, blow cotton wool into the house, blow it off the house
• the child clamps a cookie with closed lips and tries to hold it when it is pulled

A few more exercises for the sweet tooth

1. Put a piece of apple, berry, raisin on the cheek and roll it from cheek to cheek. Or just try to pick it out of your mouth if your movements are limited.
2. Glue candy, chewing gum in the palate and the baby should raise the tongue up and unstick them.
3. Spread something sweet on the lips and let the child lick it off with the tongue.
4. You can also lick honey, jam, sour cream, condensed milk from the plate with your tongue.
5. In the deepening of the “cup” of the tongue, so to speak, the “bottom”, drip something sweet from the pipette, put pieces of candied fruit, breakfast cereals, confectionery sprinkles.
6. To drive the crumbs of cookies, chocolate, raisins, candied fruit with your tongue, scoring a goal.

On this I say goodbye, dear readers, I hope the information turned out to be useful and interesting for you. Share your experience in the comments, tell your friends and acquaintances in social networks, subscribe to new articles.

30 best exercises for the development of diction according to a speech therapist

What is articulation gymnastics

Children of the first years of life very often distort sounds that are difficult to pronounce, because their speech organs are still developing. There are practically no babies that are perfectly clear.

For a clear pronunciation of sounds, correct articulatory motility is necessary, that is, the coordinated activity of the organs of the speech apparatus. If there are any problems in articulatory motor skills, they will always be reflected in sound pronunciation.

When talking, we use about a hundred muscles, including the muscles of the neck, chest, face, tongue, soft palate. To control all these muscles, many more neurons are used than when walking and running. Articulatory gymnastics is aimed at those organs in which there are muscles: tongue, lips (circular muscle of the mouth), facial muscles. But first of all it is intended for the language. The tongue is the main organ of speech, and the development and strengthening of its muscles will help to pronounce all sounds more accurately and clearly.

Types of articulation gymnastics

Such gymnastics is active and passive. Most often, when talking about articulatory gymnastics, they mean it active form: one that the child performs on his own. It is suitable in cases where articulatory motility is not impaired, but simply needs to be improved and developed by individual movements.

But there are also more serious situations, such as dysarthria, when the pronunciation side of speech is impaired as a result of damage to the nervous system, and the mobility of the speech organs is limited. In this case, it is extremely difficult or impossible for children to perform such gymnastics on their own. After all, their speech organs are not ready for this.

Used here passive gymnastics: an adult with his own hands or with the help of devices - probes, spatulas, brushes - performs the movements and postures that we would like to receive. For example, very often children with motor disorders cannot lift their tongue up. Naturally, in this case, they cannot clearly pronounce the sounds that require this movement. And it is unlikely to disappear by itself, serious work is needed on this.

I would also like to dwell on such a problem as a short hyoid frenulum. It can also be the cause of limited tongue mobility. It can be stretched a little through exercises, but if it is too short, then to normalize the sound pronunciation, it remains only to cut it.

What kind of gymnastics does your child need

Conduct this test: ask the child to show the tongue. Pay attention to the following signs:

the child cannot stick out and fix the tongue on request,

can stick it out only partially and quickly draws it back,

cannot lift it up or swing it from side to side,

when the tongue is raised, the lower jaw rises with it,

protruding tongue begins to tremble or deviate to the side,

there is profuse salivation,

the child does not clearly pronounce several groups of sounds at once (hissing, whistling, sonorous),

the pronunciation of not only consonants, but also vowels is impaired (the pronunciation is averaged, there is no clear difference between the sounds).

If several of the listed signs are observed, then, most likely, the child, in addition to consulting a specialist, needs passive gymnastics and speech therapy massage. In the complex, they will prepare the baby's speech apparatus for active articulatory gymnastics, make it possible to produce sounds.

It is better to learn about passive gymnastics techniques during the consultation. The fact is that violations can be different, there are no universal exercises that would suit everyone. Only a specialist can explain which techniques will be most effective in each case.

General principles of articulation gymnastics

Regularity. This means that five minutes of daily exercise will be more beneficial than one hour of gymnastics once a week.

game form. Articulation gymnastics can be not only useful, but also for the baby.

visibility. The more analyzers (sight, hearing, touch) are connected when performing exercises, the more effective gymnastics is. How to achieve visibility? You can use a mirror in which the child will see his reflection. The adult himself, sitting opposite the baby, can act as a model for performing movements. Use pictures, videos with other children doing this gymnastics. Find out by experience what suits your child more, what motivates him more.

Convenience. Gymnastics should be done in a comfortable position: the back is relaxed, the hands lie calmly, the head has support. The child should be comfortable.

Gradual complication. Try the lightest exercises first, gradually. Each time, enter no more than one new exercise, and only if all the previous ones have already been worked out well.

Expediency. If the child copes with all the exercises very easily, it is worth considering whether he needs this gymnastics at all. After all, the main task of these exercises is to learn how to do what is not very good at the moment.

Correct attitude. It should not be considered as a panacea, it is just one of the methods.

Gymnastics techniques

You can easily master these exercises of active gymnastics, aimed at statics or dynamics. Each pose is held for 5-7 seconds, repeated several times.

"Pipe". Lips should be folded into a tube and stretched forward as much as possible.

"Fence". We explain that you need to smile in such a way as to show your teeth.

Exercise Alternation "pipe" and "Fence".

"Rabbit". It is necessary to lift the upper lip to slightly open the incisors.

"Evil Horse". It is necessary to depict the snorting of a horse. Forcefully exhale air through the mouth without opening it. At the same time, the lips will begin to vibrate.

"Piglet". It is necessary to stretch the lips with a tube, and then with closed lips rotate in a circle in different directions.

"Horse". The child should click his tongue, voicing the clatter of hooves.

"Fungus". The tongue is tightly applied (attached to the sky) and held in this position.

"Harmonic". Keeping the tongue in the "fungus" position, you need to open / close your mouth several times.

"Pop the ball." The cheeks puff up, then the child should lightly hit them so that the air comes out.

"Hamster". First, both cheeks are inflated, then the right and left alternately.

"Needle". The narrow tongue protrudes as far as possible.

"Watch". Open your mouth and alternately touch the left and right corners of your mouth with the tip of your tongue.

"Cup". With your mouth wide open, you need to hold the tongue at the top.

"Focus". Raise the tongue to the "cup" position and gently blow on the tip of the nose. You can put a piece of cotton on the tip of your nose.

"Delicious jam" The upper lip is licked with a wide tongue (you can lick real jam).

"Painter". We draw the tongue across the sky in the direction from front to back (from the teeth to the throat). You can tell the child that the tongue is a paint brush that paints the sky.

"Brushing teeth". The tip of the tongue should be drawn along the upper, and then along the lower teeth from one edge to the other.

"Monkey". Open your mouth slightly and place your tongue between your lower lip and lower teeth. The lips are close together.

"Bulldog". From the “monkey” position, move the tongue to a position between the upper lip and upper teeth. Lips are close.

"Circle". The mouth is closed. The tongue moves from the inside, smoothly outlining a circle with the tip of the tongue.

"Sail". The end of the tongue rests on the upper teeth and is held in this position.

"Swing". The mouth opens, and the tongue alternately rises up and falls down.

"Drummer". Smile, open your mouth, put the tongue behind your upper teeth, loudly, distinctly, repeat many times: “D-D-D-”. Gradually speed up the pace, do not bring your teeth together.

"We knead the dough." The tongue rests on the lower lip (as in the “scapula”), while the mouth opens and closes, the lips slap on the tongue.

"Let's bite the tongue." Smile, open your mouth, bite the tip and center of the tongue.

"Where's the candy?" It is necessary to close the mouth tightly, with the tip of the tongue pressing on one or the other cheek from the inside.

"Turkey" ("Chatterbox"). Smile, show teeth, open your mouth, put a wide tongue on the upper lip and make quick movements with the tip of the tongue along the upper lip back and forth, trying not to tear the tongue from the upper lip.

"Steamboat hums." Smiling, you need to bite your tongue and pronounce “s” for a long time.

Do these exercises regularly, but without making them a chore for the child, and you will definitely see progress! And don't forget about others.