Contrary to the opinion of many, the Galactorer is not a disease, but a kind of symptom, or a state in which the separation of the milky thoracic glands is close in composition to the milk or colostrum.

The term "Galactere" is literally translated from Greek as "milk leaving." Most often, it is a sign of the wrong ratio of hormones in the body, but the participation of other factors of development is not excluded.

The Galactorevi syndrome develops, as a consequence of the increased level of prolactin in the bloodstream. More often such syndrome is diagnosed with representatives of the fine sex, however, there are cases when children or men are sick.

Syndrome Galactorei Amenorrhea

The combined galactorevi-amenorrhea syndrome belongs to pathological conditions, in which there are no monthly and diagnosed infertility during the release of breast milk. The cause of such a syndrome becomes hyperprolactinemia, which, in turn, can be caused by tumor processes in the pituitary gland, disorders in the hypothalamus, primary hypothyroidism, psychotraum, long-term treatment with certain medications.

You can talk about such a syndrome in the event that amenorrhea and milk allocation are available in a woman who stopped feeding the baby breasts (we are talking about the so-called Kiairi Frohmel syndrome).

Code of the ICD-10

N64.3 Galactere, not related to childbirth

O92.6 Galactere

Epidemiology

With a galactore, milk is distinguished from the breast ducts - and this condition is not connected with the lactation step. The volume and severity of the selection is different - from the detection of small specks on a bra or clothing, to a more intense expiration.

Pathological condition is unilateral or bilateral, and it is diagnosed mainly in women who are in reproductive age. However, no exceptions are men - they have a galactorian, although much less often.

According to statistical data, the expiration of milk in women outside the period of feeding the baby happens in 20% of representatives of the beautiful sex, aged 25 to 40 years. In men, pathology is diagnosed in 0.07% of cases.

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Causes of Galactorei

The root causes of the development of the Galactorei can be:

• malignant, benign tumor processes affecting the pituitary
• chaotic reception of medicines, such as hormonal drugs, sedatives, antidepressants, narcotic analgesic agents, cardiovascular preparations;
• tumor processes affecting the hypothalamus or the structure of the limbic system;
• insufficient function of the thyroid gland;
• violations in the work of adrenal glands;
• liver diseases (especially chronic forms of pathologies);
• mechanical damage, injuries, burns, operations caused damage to the sensitive fibers of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system;
• tumor processes affecting the spinal structures;
• hyperstimulation of the area of \u200b\u200bnipples (with frequent sexual contacts, when using close linen, with allergies, etc.);
• after operations affecting the conducting centers;
• bronchogenic cancer;
• incenko-Kushing disease, Addison;
• reception of medicines or folk remedies based on Fennel, Anisa, Nutritional Sheet, Fenugreca.

Risk factors

There are several factors that themselves do not cause a galactoreau, but contribute to its appearance. To such factors include:

• syndrome of Stein-Levental (SPKY, is accompanied by a galattere and amenorrhea);
• bubble skid;
• uterine choriocarcinoma;
• inflammatory processes in the tissues of the mammary glands.

Galactere refers to the norm, if observed within five months after the completion of the lactation period. If the selection is available for six months and more, then you can suspect the presence of pathology.

The discharge in infants during the newborn period is also considered the relative norm: such a state is associated with the concomitant influence of hormones that the baby switched to the baby. A similar phenomenon passes independently and does not require any treatment.

It is worth noting that approximately every second patient establish the cause of the appearance of a galactorei, even after all diagnostic events. In such a situation, the diagnosis indicates such a term as "idiopathic galathery".

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Pathogenesis

The pathological galathery is most often becoming a consequence of diseases that are associated with the disturbed work of the hypothalamus (inflammation, injuries), or pituitary gland (malignant and benign tumors, "empty Turkish saddle").

Increased synthesis of prolactin provokes the development of swelling, swelling and pain in lactic glands. The appearance of vegetative signs is possible: migreen-like pain in the head, edema of the limbs, unpleasant sensations in the abdomen. A constant elevated level of prolactin becomes a chronic stimulating stimulus for the mammary glands, which causes the development of a galactoreau as a symptom. The root cause can act as a large number of pathologies and pathological conditions.

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Symptoms of Galactorei

The base symptom, which determines the name of the pathology is the expiration of various volumes of milk, or a colostrum of Milky Duch. Allocations can be observed permanently or only sometimes. Their color is also different - from the translucent whitish to yellow-greenish shade.

Pathology may be accompanied by other signs that are dependent on the causal disease:

• pain in the head of the type of migrain;
• impairment;
• deterioration of the state of the skin;
• tachycardia;
• sharp change in body weight, in one direction or another;
• violation of libido.

The girls at the same time can break the monthly cycle, the unpleasant sensations in the vagina appear. It is also characterized by excess hair growth in the field of limbs, faces, chest.

If the Galactorian develops in men, such first signs are typical:

• violation of potency;
• gynecomastia (swelling of the chest glands);
• detection of well-being, fatigue, pain in the head.

For newborn babies, any symptomatology, except directly discharge, is not characteristic.

Galactere in teenagers

Liquid, externally reminiscent of milk, can sometimes stand out with the arrival of puberty period. Meaning age from 12 to 16 years. As a rule, the provoking factor becomes a hormonal splash, since no disorders in the formation of ferrous tissues are usually detected.

Other factors for the development of galactors in adolescents can be:

• reception of medicines, medicinal plants;
• the formation of tumors affecting the pituitary gland, hypothalamus;
• decrease in the performance of the thyroid gland;
• increased level of cortisol against the background of impaired adrenal glands;
• pathology of the reproductive sphere, kidneys, liver;
• disorders in the spinal cord.

To accurately determine the reason, diagnosis should be diagnosed and consult with individual specialists.

Galactere in men

Adult men may also have problems with the expiration of milk from the chest glands. Such pathology is called male hypogonadism and is associated with a shortage in the body of Testosterone. In addition to the galactorevie, and other signs are observed:

• dullness of sexual desire;
• violation of the erectile function;
• increase and swelling of the chest glands.

Also, it is also impossible to exclude the likelihood of the influence of other factors, such as the reception of medicines, the presence of tumors, the pathology of the thyroid gland, cerebrospinal injuries, etc.

Galactere and gynecomastia

The expiration of dairy fluid from the chest glands is not accompanied by their swelling. Gynecomastia is often either absent or available, but in a light or moderate form. The increase of glands is more often found in men: usually it is bilateral, there is a depression of libido.

In women, Galactere is manifested by a minor increase in the volume and density of the glands. In some cases, the patient feels some tensions and weak soreness. With one-sided damage, dairy secretion is long, without certain interruptions, or periodic. The latter usually does not depend on the monthly cycle phase, or arises a few days before menstrual bleeding.

Galactere and pregnancy

At the stage of preparing for pregnancy, the galactore should be cured. Based on the fact that the expiration of milk from the breasts is associated with an increase in the prolctin secretion, such an imbalance can be an obstacle to the conception of the baby, and in the future it can threaten the normal course of pregnancy itself.

If the Galactorian has been discovered during the tooling, then such a condition cannot be called critical. The woman's body is actively preparing for the birth of the baby - including the hormonal system is preparing for this. With the approach of the date of delivery, the synthesis of hormones such as prolactin and oxytocin increases, so many women have milk begins to stand out in advance before the start of the generic activity.

Nevertheless, the future mother must inform the Doctor, if she has discovered dairy discharge from breasts. After all, it is impossible to completely exclude the possibility of the development of pathology during pregnancy. Therefore, additional analyzes are not excluded.

Forms

Taking into account the severity of the Galattessi, such stages of pathology are allocated:

1. Easy stage - there is a drip outflow of a characteristic liquid only when squeezing the near-block zone.
2. The middle stage - the liquid expires the trickle when squeezing the near-block zone.
3. Heavy stage - Milky duct fluid expires spontaneously.

If the expiration is observed from one gland, they are talking about unilateral defeat, and if from two glands about bilateral defeat.

Also determine the types of pathology depending on the etiological factor:

• galactere associated with lactation;
• galactere, which is not related to lactation;
• physiological galathery (takes place during the baby tooling).

Galactere, not related to childbearing, is not an independent disease. It develops as a result of any pathological processes inside the body - for example, due to endocrine disorders, oncology, or against the background of frequent and excessive stimulation of the area of \u200b\u200bthe nipples.

Epizodically encounters another kind of galactor pathology with normal prolactin. In such a situation, they often indicate idiopathic - that is, the unidentified cause of the Galactorei. Conducting factors can perform extended Milky Channels, mastopathy, tumor processes in breast glands.

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Complications and consequences

Since Galactere is only a state with its root causes, the probability of the development of certain complications depends on the initial pathology:

• In tumor processes affecting the pituitary gland, there is a great danger of visual loss, hemorrhages in brain tissue, ischemic stroke.
• In tumor processes in the chest there is a possibility of propagation of cancer cells with the formation of secondary malignant foci.
• In hypothyroidism, a hypothyroid coma, a cluster of fluid in pericardial or pleural cavity may be observed.

If the galactorer is caused by a hormonal imbalance, then for a woman it can turn into infertility, or a violation of the kid tooling processes.

The listed complications are developing mainly in running cases. Therefore, to prevent them, it is necessary to examine and proceed to the treatment of the underlying disease.

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Diagnosis of galactorene

As a rule, to diagnose the Galactorevi syndrome is easy: it is much more difficult to determine the cause of this state. Therefore, all comprehensive diagnostic procedures are aimed at determining the root cause of the syndrome.

The first stage of diagnosis includes:

• poll and examination of the patient (the doctor finds out all the circumstances in which pathology arose);
• inspection and tackling of the mammary glands;
• for women - test for pregnancy.
• Analyzes are the following diagnostic stage, which includes:
• general blood study;
• tests on the level of hormones in the blood;
• blood chemistry.

Instrumental diagnostics depends on what disease is suspected. So, the doctor may assign:

• computer or magnetic resonance tomography of skull;
• radiograph of the chest;
• mammography;
• ultrasonography, ultrasound of the dairy glands and reproductive organs;
• biopsy - if there is indications.

Consultations of narrow specialists may be required: endocrinologist, gynecologist, mammologist, surgeon.

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Differential diagnosis

Differential diagnosis should be carried out with such pathologies:

• primary hypothyroidism (Tyrolyberin hyperviving);
• sclerokystous ovarian syndrome;
• congenital hyperplasia of adrenal cortex;
• tumor processes;
• yatrogenic states (taking contraceptives, sedatives, neuroleptics, drugs, Cerukal, reserpine, cimetidine, as well as frequent hyperglycemic episodes in patients suffering from type I diabetes);
• breast injuries, mechanical irritation;
• fibrozno-cystic mastopathy;
• various somatic pathologies.

Treatment of Galactorei

The main therapy with a galactore is aimed at eliminating the root cause of this state - for example, to normalize the content of prolactin.

• Preparations are prescribed, slowing down the secretory activity of the pituitary
• Surgical treatment is prescribed, or radiation treatment, if it comes to tumor processes.
• If there are disorders from the thyroid gland, then the treatment of endocrine pathology is carried out.
• Correct meals, lifestyle, revise the feasibility of receiving the patient of drugs that could cause a galactoreau.

	Method of application and dose	Side manifestations	Precautions
Bromocriptine	Take 2,5-7.5 mg per day, depending on the situation.	Rare manifestations: dyspepsia, decreased blood pressure, pain in the head.	The drug does not combine with alcohol, it is not used with a tendency to low arterial pressure.
Pergolid	Take 50-250 μg per day. The exact dosage determines the doctor.	Sometimes - pain in the head, dizziness, decrease in blood pressure, dyspepsia.	The drug does not combine with neuroleptics, metoclopramide.
Cabbergoline	The treatment diagram is assigned individually. The amount of preparation should not exceed 3 mg per day.	Lowering blood pressure, peripheral vascular spasm, convulsions, muscular weakness, depression, insomnia.	The drug does not combine with macrolide antibiotics.
Mastodinone	Take 30 drops or a tablet twice a day, for 3-4 months.	Rarely - allergies, dyspepsia.	With oncology of the neutral glands, the drug does not apply.
Cyclodinone	Take 40 drops or one tablet in the morning, for 3-4 months.	Allergy.	The drug does not apply during pregnancy.

Vitamins

Most of the processes in the dairy glands proceed under the direct influence of hormones. In this case, any change in the hormonal balance causes a response from the chest. Vitamins also participate in similar mechanisms. For example, vitamin A is characterized by an anti-estrogenic effect, reducing the risk of expanding epithelial tissue.

Vitamin A in the form of pharmacy preparations can be taken, but with great care. Surplus Retinol is able to accumulate, which increases the load on the liver. For this reason, additives with beta-carotene - provitamin A.

At a galactore, 50 thousand meters of vitamin A per day for several months are prescribed.

Tocopherol is an antioxidant that has a comprehensive effect on the body. Including, this vitamin will potentiate the production of progesterone, establishes a fat exchange, normalizes the monthly cycle and weakens the signs of premenstrual syndrome.

With a galactorer, the tocopherol is taken in the amount of 50-100 mg daily, for several months.

Ascorbic acid also performs the functions of antioxidant, as well as at the same time the action will potentiate other antioxidants, providing them with protection against destruction. In addition, ascorbic acid is perfectly stimulated by immunity in the body. Dosage vitamin C with galactores are determined individually.

Physiotherapeutic treatment

Patients who have a galactorer are associated with fibrous pathologies, cysts or tumor processes, to undesirable to practice physiotherapeutic procedures, and especially for warming procedures and compresses. Such a caution is associated with the stimulation of exchange reactions in the disturbed zone, which may cause the development of adverse effects. There are no direct dangers for the mammary glands during physiotherapy, but the procedures can cause a deterioration in the state and exacerbation of pathological processes.

Let's say right, with a galactore, medical professionals very rarely write down the direction on physiotocreders. Ignoring such a type of treatment is primarily due to the fact that often physiotherapy provides thermal and stimulating effects that it is extremely undesirable with a galactoree. For the same reason, women are not recommended to visit the sauna, or to stay for a long time on the Sun.

The use of ultrasound, electrophoresis, shock-wave therapy, dirtwork is allowed only in situations, if it really will contribute to the successful elimination of the disease.

Popular treatment

When we are talking about the folk treatment of galactors, here specialists advise to pay attention to plants containing phytohormones. Such herbs will help stabilize the work of the hormonal system and generally restore the body.

• Barwin plant adjusts the level of prolactin, so it can stop the galactore. At the same time, Barwinka is able to cure men and women. In the evening poured 2 tbsp. l. The herbs are 0.5 liters boiling water, cover the capacitance with a warm scarf and leave to appear until the morning. The entire infusion obtained should be made over the next day - approximately 150 ml three times a day in the intervals between meals. By evening, brew a new portion of the funds - and so the treatment is carried out within 1-2 weeks.
• The sage is used to eliminate the Galactorei in a woman who completed breast feeding, but the milk continues to stand out. References for applying sage set. For example, you can simply swallow to half a teaspoon of ground sage in the morning (before meals), drinking with warm water or tea. You can cook infusion: 1 tbsp. l. Plants are brewed in 250 ml of boiling water, drink at once instead of tea. Such a drink should be consumed 2-6 times a day, depending on the severity of pathology.
• Sorrel - or rather, the root of the plant is crushed, poured with drinking water room temperature (1:20) and insist overnight. In the morning, the drug is adjusted to a boil, after which they are cleaned from the fire, cool and filter. Drink 3 tbsp. l. Medicines three times a day after eating.
• Fresh-heartted jasmine flowers are fixed on lactic glands and hold within an hour. The procedure is repeated 2-3 times a day. Jasmine narrows Milky Channels and contributes to the stop of the Galatteau.
• Collect 100 g of nut leaves, 50 g of grass gerbil, geranium leaves and melissa. Poured in thermos 1 ½ tbsp. l. Collection of 0.7 liters boiling water, insist overnight. In the morning, the drug is divided into three parts, each of which is drunk after the next meal. The duration of treatment may vary, depending on the intensity of symptoms.
• Basilica and rozing of parsley are collected by 100 g of grass, 50 g of mint leaves, Sage and Barwinka. Brew 2 h. The mixtures of 0.7 liters of boiling water, insist 10-15 minutes, filtered. Take between meals for 1 cup.
• 100 g of rhizoma sorrel, 50 g of mint leaves, thyme, yarrow, and 25 g of a boring uterus are collected. Before bedtime, 30 g of a mixture of 0.7 liters of indoor temperature is poured. In the morning, the drug is adjusted on fire to a boil, cozen, filtered. Drink throughout the day. The course of such therapy lasts 2-3 weeks.

Homeopathy

Homeopathic treatment can be connected if the cause of the galactorei did not become different tumor processes. If the tumor is excluded, then you can try the effect of the following homeopathic agents:

• Allium Satima - helps to eliminate the galactor after the end of the breast feeding period.
• Calcareus carbonics 6, 12 - improves the condition in elapsed milk glands with the release of watery milk.
• Cyclamen Europeum - eliminates the Galattere in girls or women, in the absence of pregnancy.
• Crocus SATISUS - facilitates the state with the so-called "false pregnancy".
• Mercurius Solubilis - can cure a galactorer from the Macls, or in girls during monthly bleeding.
• Phytolacca Decantra 3 - stops a galactorer associated with the development of inflammatory processes in lactic glands.

Dosage preparations are determined individually, taking into account the constitutional characteristics of the patient. Side manifestations during treatment occur extremely rare, due to small dilutions of drugs.

Surgery

The surgeon is resorted only in exceptional cases. It is believed that even in the presence of tumor processes, the operation is not always calculated: most of the tumors - including the adenoma of the pituitary gland, is well amenable to drug treatment. If the patient is diagnosed by the macroenoma, which reacts poorly to the reception of medicines, then the surgeon is possible.

Prevention

To prevent the Galattessi, you need to systematically pass tests and undergo preventive examinations. It is also necessary, if possible, to exclude such factors that can provoke a hormonal failure in the body:

• stress, excessive experiences;
• unhealthy Lifestyle;],

The main symptom is milk discharge, which are found either independently, or when pressed on the nipples. They may have a yellowish or greenish color. The secret of the reddish color is not a sign of galactorevi, however requires an immediate survey.

Additional (not mandatory) Symptoms:

• gynecomastia (increase in the mammary glands);
• headaches;
• impairment of view (more often the narrowing of fields of vision);
• acne (skin disease, accompanied by the formation of clogged pores (black dots) and inflammation of the sebaceous glands);
• problems in sexual life (decrease in sexual entry (libido), disruption of the erection (increasing and voltage of the penis during sexual excitation).

Forms

Galactere may be:

• one-sided;
• bilateral.

In addition, there are three degrees of galactors:

• 1 degree which is characterized by drip secretion of secretion when applied to the near-block region;
• 2 degree with inkjet secretion of secretion when pressing;
• 3 degree (spontaneous expiration of the secret).

The reasons

• Pathology of pituitary glands - the rest of the pituitary legs, pituitary tumors, secreting (generating) prolactin.
• Bronchogenic cancer - arising from the tissues of the bronchi.
• - The condition characterized by a disadvantage of hormones secreted by the thyroid gland.
• Reception of some drugs: antidepressants tricyclic, reserpine, verapamil, meloido, phenothiazines, butyrofenones, opiates (including illegal preparations of opium).
• Eating in a large number of herbs: Fennel, Anisa, nettle, fenugreek, thistle.
• Excessive stimulation of nipples.

Approximately half of the cases of galactorevi cannot identify the cause of the state - as a rule, there are no additional symptoms. Such a galactoree is considered to be non-hazardous, but requires medical control.

Diagnostics

• Anamnesis analysis of the disease and complaints (when there was a discharge from nipples (independently or under pressure), headaches, impairment of vision, etc.).
• Anamnese analysis of life (what medicines take, whether there are problems in sexual life).
• Data inspection - whether there is a discharge from the nipples that they are colors (milk, yellowish or greenish), the presence of seals, obesity, swelling, gynecomastia (increase in the mammary glands) is determined.
• Determining the level of prolactin in the blood.
• The radiography of the brain, allowing the pituitary tumors to see the increase and change in the bottom of the Turkish saddle - the lipophise of the pituitary.
• Computed tomography (CT) (more sensitive than radiography, research method) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain - allow you to detect small tumors.
• Determining the level of hormones of thyroid gland in the blood.
• Lung X-ray: Used to detect lung tumors, which can cause a galactoreau.
• Consultation.

Treatment of Galactorei

The main principle of treatment is to eliminate the causes of hyperprolactinemia (elevated level of prolactin in the blood. Hyperprolactinemia can flow and without a galactoreau. Therefore, hyperprolactinemia is not synonymous with a galactorevie, it is a symptom defined by the laboratory path).

• Reception of drugs inhibiting secretion (production) prolactin in the pituitary.
• Treatment of tumors (surgical removal; radiation therapy implying the use of ionizing radiation to destroy tumor cells).
• Treatment of endocrine disease (for example, hypothyroidism - the state of a reduced level of thyroid hormones).
• Correction of pharmacological agents (with a medicinal galactore caused by the reception of some medicines, verapamila, antidepressants, oral contraceptives, etc.).

Treatment is appointed only by a specialist doctor.

Complications and consequences

For each of the diseases causing a galactorer, there are complications.

• For pituitary tumors: loss of vision, hemorrhage in the brain, brain infarction (brain damage caused by the cessation of blood flow to its tissues).
• For bronchogenic cancer (): metastasis (the propagation of cancer cells into other organs with the formation of secondary tumors), death.
• For hypothyroidism (condition due to reduced levels of thyroid hormones): hypothyroid coma (confusion and loss of consciousness, decrease in blood pressure, swelling of vital organs); Diseases associated with the accumulation of fluid in the window-shaped bag and pleural cavity (cavity surrounding each light).

Despite the fact that in many cases, the Galactorian is non-safe for life, timely examination and regular observation of the dynamics of the discharge from the nipples (and in some cases of the level of prolactin, the radiographic picture) makes it possible to identify a number of diseases and take measures to treat them in time.

Prevention of galactorei

Galatherya in men is most often with pituitary tumors, the reasons for which are unknown, therefore prevention as such does not exist.

Galactere is the release of milk of mammary glands, not related to breastfeeding maternal milk. The intensity of milk isolation may be different. Sometimes there are small specks of secretions on underwear, less often the secretion of milk is quite significant. Galactere may be single and bilateral. The overwhelming majority of galactoria cases are celebrated in women of childbearing age. Men have a casuism. The galactoree for life is quite often, according to some sources, in 20% of women.

This article will discuss what a galathery is what the causes of this phenomenon are, what kind of symptoms should be paid attention to and how to treat this disease.

To understand the causes of the Galactorevi, you need to know how the secretion of breast milk is regulated in the body.

How regulated milk production

Milk is allocated under the action of prolactin - hormone produced in a special small brain department - pituitary. The prolactin synthesis is constantly suppressed by a special substance (dopamine), highlighted by another small brain separation - hypothalamus. In breastfeeding, the hypothalamus ceases to distinguish such a substance, and the production of prolactin is "released". The intensive secretion of milk begins.

Milk is also called reflexively, in response to the attachment of the child to the chest. After the cessation of breastfeeding, minor allocations from the mammary glands can be maintained within 5 months.

Prolctin synthesis enhances the thyrotropic hormone produced in the hypothalamus and activating the formation of thyroid hormones in.

Causes of Galactorei

1. Diseases of the hypothalamus.
2. Violations of the exchange of thyroid hormones.
3. Estrogen-producing tumors of adrenal glands, polycystic ovarian syndrome.
4. and, other metabolic disorders.
5. Reception of some medicines.

Diseases of the hypothalamus

The hypothalamus is a small area in the brain, having a very complex structure and many functions. Its defeat can be a consequence of injury, inflammatory processes in the brain, tumor. The resultant cause of the lesion of the hypothalamus can be neurotuberculosis, as well as sarcoidosis.

The lesion of the hypothalamus is manifested with various neuroendocrine syndromes (violation of fat, water-salt metabolism, hypo- and hyperthyroidism and others).

With the disease of the hypothalamus, it decreases to the production of dopamine, which is constantly oppressed by the production of prolactin in the pituitary. Synthesis prolactin increases that it stimulates the secretion of breast milk in the milk glands.

Such a mechanism of galactoria is noted with the so-called Kiari syndrome - frommel. In this case, the defeat of the hypothalamus is primarily. Increased secretion of prolactin hypophysome inhibits the release of the follicularity hormone. As a result, there are no ripening of follicles in the ovary, develops - a long lack of menstruation.

In typical cases of Kiari syndrome - Fromsmel, patients complain about long-term lactation and lack of menstruation. In addition, they are disturbed, insomnia, impairment of vision, weight loss, or, often - pathological exhaustion.

Tumors and other pituitary

There is a pituitary tumor, leading to excessive developing in it prolactin - prolactinoma. This is a benign tumor, it extremely rarely becomes malignant. More often it happens in women and is up to a third of all pituitary tumors. This is the so-called pituitary microenoma. It is hormonally active, but does not cause the nervous paths. However, the patient with the microphiza is necessary to warn in the case of violations of vision or the appearance of frequent headaches, it applied for medical help.

Excess prolactin is accompanied by a galattere and amenorrhea, as well as infertility. Sometimes symptoms of hyperandrogenation are appearing: angry rash, male sampling. For hyperprolactinemia, it is characteristic of the "flustering" salts of calcium salts from bone tissue.

Sometimes a pituitary macroenoma arises, in which the growing tumor presses on the nervous ways passing near the pituitary gland. As a result, there is a violation of vision (narrowing of fields of view, bone in the eyes). Headaches are possible, depressive states. In women, the symptoms of the challenge of the nerve paths are random, hormonal disorders are more characteristic.

Among other causes of hyperprolactinemia (condition at which the amount of prolactin hormone is increased) associated with pituitary disorders can be noted the adding disease, acromegaly, cranifaring, hypothyroidism, metastatic tumors (in particular, and). Multiple endocrine neoplasias, Nelson syndrome, the use of thyrotropine-release of the factor also increases the concentration of prolactin in the blood.

Violation of the exchange of thyroid hormones

Galathery is characteristic of the so-called primary hypothyroidism - a state when, despite the increased stimulation of the thyroid gland, the production of hormones is reduced in it. Such stimulation of the thyroid gland is carried out using a thyrotropic pituitary hormone (TG). The increased secretion of TSH causes hyperprolactinemia and a galactore. Primary hypothyroidism is accompanied by appropriate clinical manifestations: drowsiness, apathy, and others.
Increased TTG levels can also cause hyperthyroidism: weight loss, ophthalmopathy. Hyperthyroidism is less common accompanied by a galatteree than hypothyroidism.

Violation of Estrogen exchange

About a third of cases of polycystic ovarian syndrome is accompanied by hyperprolactia. Hyperprolactinemia is functional and appears as a result of the weakening of the effect of dopamine on the pituitary. The high level of prolactin in the syndrome of polycystic ovary leads to a violation of the formation of follicles, causes imbalance of cyclic production of hormones in the ovaries. Increased production of estrogen additionally enhances the synthesis of prolactin. Therefore, polycystic ovarian syndrome may be accompanied by a galattere.

The development of galactors in estrogen-producing adrenal tumors is associated with an increase in estrogen levels.

In men, a galactor can cause a shortage of men's sex hormones, in particular,. With this condition, an increase in the mammary glands (gynecomastia) is observed.

Renal and liver failure, other metabolic disorders

And also often accompanied by a galatteree. With severe liver lesions with the development of hepatic insufficiency, the inactivation of hormones in the cells of this organ is disturbed. The level of hormones in the blood (in particular, prolactin) increases.

In renal failure, the removal of the products of the exchange of prolactin from the body slows down.
It should also be mentioned about the possibility of ectopic (that is, not pituitary) products prolactin. It can be synthesized with such tumors as the bronchogenic sarcoma and hypertephrome.

Medications

Hyperprolactinemia can be a side effect on receiving various drugs. These include: methyldop, antidepressants, cimetidine, pre-fin antagonists. Estrogens (including oral contraceptives), reserpine, opiates, sulpyrid and verapamil can also cause the level of prolactin in the blood and a galathery.

Other causes of Galactere

This disease can cause injury and diseases of the spinal cord and peripheral nerves at the level of the thoracic spine. It is mentioned about the possibility of developing a galactoreau with too active stimulation of nipples during sexual contact, self-examination of the mammary glands, when wearing close linen.

Symptoms of Galactorei

The galactoree is characterized by milk-white discharge from the nipples of the mammary glands, from one or two sides, more often when pressing. Selection can simply get underwear or be quite abundant. Blood adherence or color change are uncharacteristic for galactorevi.

Galactere is very often combined with amenorrhea (no menstruation).

In addition, there are symptoms of the underlying disease that caused the Galattere.

Diagnostics

Women with a galactory is recommended to hand over blood test to determine the level of prolactin in it.

Conduct the patient, palpation of the mammary glands. Gynecological history (menstrual cycle, the date of the last menstruation, the presence of amenorrhea, infertility, and so on) is estimated. Pregnancy is excluded.

The function of the liver and kidneys is estimated to eliminate hepatic or renal failure, in particular, a biochemical blood test is prescribed.

A blood test is carried out for prolactin, repeated research is prescribed if necessary.
Half of women with a galactore engine is normal. This is due to periodic, transient increase in this hormone. Therefore, repeated analyzes are recommended for prolactin levels.
In a third of women with a galattere, there are no disorders of the menstrual cycle.

In the presence of a galattess in combination with the lack of menstruation in 1/3 cases, the reason for this is. In suspected of the adenoma of the pituitary gland, the counseling of the eyepiece is appointed (defining fields of vision) and neurologist. Radiography of the Turkish saddle is carried out.

The most informative method of diagnosing the adenoma of the pituitary gland is magnetic resonance tomography (MRI).

Additionally, an ultrasonic study of the abdominal cavity organs and a small pelvis (liver, kidneys, ovaries), determining the level of estrogen, TG, thyroid hormones can be carried out.

Treatment

The treatment of the Galactorei includes primarily the therapy of the underlying disease (for example, the correction of hypothyroidism). With the phenomena of osteoporosis (reduction of bone mineral density) prescribed the appropriate

Galactere is the release of breast milk, not related to childbirth. It occurs most often in the excess of the prolactin of the pituitary gland in the blood, but the tumor process of the breast can also cause it. Usually accompanied by violations of sexual function in men and women. About how the Galactoree is manifested, the treatment of which specialist is necessary, which is recommended by the doctor, read more in the article.

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Causes of pathological galactorei

The release of milk and a liquid similar to it can only be in women after childbirth. One of the variants of physiological (non-illness) is considered a galactorian newborns. It is associated with an excess of prolactin and estradiol received by the child from the mother before childbirth. All other cases are pathological. They arise with a wide variety of diseases. Approximately half of the patients have reasons remain unknown.

In men

It occurs 40 times less frequently than in women. It is often associated with reinforced products of prolactin pituitary. It stimulates the appearance of milk-like discharge from nipples. Maintains such a tumor - as well as mixed adenoma that produce more and other hormones. The increase in blood prolactin may influence such diseases:

• an innate defect of education (he normally slows down the education of prolactin);
• putting the pituitary legs with a tumor, its damage during the operation on the brain, cranial injury, high intracranial pressure;
• violation of the function of the kidneys and liver involved in converting and removing the hormone;
• lung tumors, intestines capable of hormonal synthesis, pancreatic vipom (its VIP hormone increases prolactin selection);

Vipoma pancreas

• severe or frequently repeated stressful overvoltage;
• tumors, infections in the pituitary-hypothalamic region, circulatory disruption;
• chronic prostatitis;
• violation of the function of the adrenal cortex (), the thyroid gland, excess;
• injuries, herpety rash in the field of mammary glands;
• chronic alcoholism.

In order to show a galactorer, in addition to excess prolactin, you need a special hormonal background - low progesterone and elevated estradiol.

Drug

The use of some medicines can:

• stimulate prolactin education;
• enhance the effect of hormone on the mammary glands;
• inhibit the allocation of dopamine;
• suppress the activity of dopamine receptors in the brain.

To preparations that can provoke a galactorer include:

• neuroleptics (for example, haloperidol, triftatazine);
• antidepressants (Anafranil, amitriptyline);
• preparations for lowering pressure (operating, clofelin);
• gastric agents (Cerukal, Ranitidine, Cimetidine with long-term use in high doses);
• anticonvulsant (Finlepsin);
• anabolic steroids (metandrostenolone).

Often the reason for the release of liquid from the nipples is the reception of contraceptives, especially containing many estrogen. A galactoree, not associated with childbearing, is found in a sharp abolition of contraceptive pills.

With hypothyroidism

With normal prolactin

For a part of women with a galattere, a normal prolactin is detected during the examination. In this case, the breast reaction may be changed to its action. One of the causes of high sensitivity is a long period of feeding a child after childbirth, as well as cysts and tumor lesions of the mammary glands, deformation of the ducts.

It is also necessary to consider that the concentration of prolactin in the blood is non-permanent, so it is possible that one analysis does not reflect the actual changes in the level of the hormone. When diagnosing it is recommended to repeat at different times of the day at least twice with an interval of 3 weeks.

Norm Prolakin

Forms of galactorei

Liquid can only be released from one gland. This form is called one-sided, it is usually caused by a local inflammatory or tumor process. Hormonal types of galactoria are usually bilateral.

Depending on the severity, such flow options are allocated:

The pituitary prolactin has an impacting effect on the formation of follitropine and Lutropin. This leads to the oppression of the functions of the genital glands.

Therefore, with galactorevi, signs of dysfunction of eggs and ovaries are found.

• In men - increasing the chest glands, sexual weakness, low level of sexual attraction, reduction of mobility and the number of spermatozoa, infertility.
• Among women - An extended menstrual cycle (33 days and more), bleeding is 1-2 days, scanty, delays are possible. Abundant allocations appear only in hypothyroidism.

The absence of menstruation (amenorrhea) is so typical that they are often combined into one amenorrhea galactorei syndrome. He, as a rule, occurs in emotional conflicts, stress, long experiences, at the beginning of sexual life, after childbirth, miscarriage, abortion, operations on the pelvic organs. In such cases, the manifestations of temporary, disappear after the normalization of the overall state.

Women with a stable and long form of galactorei are often fruitless, and also celebrate such symptoms:

• soreness with sexual contacts;
• low sexual attraction (frigidity) and lack of orgasms;
• enhanced rigid hair growth around nipples, along the middle line of the abdomen;
• increased anxiety, irritability, tendency to depressive reactions;
• fatigue, low performance;
• pain in the heart;
• eyelids, legs, legs;
• fast body weight set.

Look at the video of the increased prolactin in women:

It also has the meaning and type of liquid released. Dairy or transparent whimsized sections are characteristic of excess prolactin. With inflammatory processes, they may have a brownish, greenish tint, are extremely dangerous bloody, since their appearance often indicates a malignant tumor.

To which doctor to contact

The problems of lactation and the status of the dairy glasses are engaged in a mammologist. He appoints a primary survey complex and sends to consult an endocrinologist, gynecologist if necessary. If there is a suspicion of the central nature of the Galactors because of the disease of the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, then in mandatory patients inspects the neuropathologist and oculist.

Treatment of Galactorei

The most successful is therapy aimed at eliminating the causes of Galatheli. Apply drug and operational techniques. During the dosage form it is necessary to cancel drugs.

Folk methods at home

Vegetable preparations will not help with the presence of a tumor process, inflammation of infectious or autoimmune origin. Their use is possible only at the normal level of prolactin in the blood to reduce its effect on the dairy glands, functional disorders (for example, stress, cancel contraceptives). For this use:

• root of the laptop
• grass Cuffs,
• the root of the opponent
• raspberry sheet
• pion root.

They are brewed at the calculation of the tablespoon on a glass of boiling water, withstand in the water bath for 15 minutes and filter. Take a third of a glass 3 times a day. A month later, we need a break for two weeks, and then, if necessary, the course continues, but it is better to use another plant.

There are prepared preparations on a natural basis - cyclodinone, prefedin and mastodinone, pelvic. Before the start of reception of herbs and biodeadows, it is important to obtain a doctor's advice, since with a hormonal failure you can get the opposite effect.

Preparations for medication treatment

To reduce the formation of prolactin of the pituitary, use means:

• stimulating dopamine receptors - alactin, reaches, pairlook, norprolac, their use helps even with a pituitary tumor;
• the predecessor of dopamine - levodopa, increases the synthesis of the hormone, which is inhibited by the formation of prolactin, is used with a normoprolactinemic galactory.

All these drugs are taking control of blood tests. If there is prolactinity of the pituitary gland, the reception rate continues at least 2 years. Patients at least 1 times in 9-12 months showed tomography of the brain.

If the cause of increased prolactin synthesis is a previously active pituitary tumor, then in exceptional cases, the reaches of the hormonal background are used under medical and laboratory control.

Probable complications without treatment

The lightest degree of galactoria usually does not change the general state of patients, but with abundant discharges, irritation of the skin of the nipple and the addition of fungal or bacterial infection is not excluded. Much more serious consequences of excess prolactin. It violates the functioning of the sexual system, it threatens:

• early Climax;
• the destruction of bone tissue;
• elevated level of male hormones (reinforced hair growth,);
• a decrease in the size of the mammary glands, the loss of their tone.

Look at the video about the discharge from the nipples and what will tell color:

The growing prolactinity of the pituitary gland in the absence of treatment can lead to loss of vision, as well as squeezing cerebral tissue. If the hormone level remains elevated for a long time, then it threatens such complications:

• tumor breast processes, including cancer;
• violation of Fat Exchange - Obesity, Burning Vessels by cholesterol plaques;
• changing carbohydrate exchange - prediabet ,.

Galactere is manifested by the release of liquid from the nipples, which is not related to childbirth. It occurs in women and men most often on the background of an excess of the pituitary prolactin. The provoking factors are tumors, inflammatory, vascular disorders of the brain, hormonal failure, the use of medicines. Accompanied by a violation of sexual function. To identify the reasons you need a comprehensive examination. Prescribed medication and surgical treatment.

Galactere is a disease at which milk spontaneously comes from the thoracic glands. In some patients, it stands out weakly, others - intensively. The main symptom of illness - stains on the inner surface of the linen. By the number of informs involved in the pathological process, distinguish the one-sided and bilateral galactore. The disease is diagnosed in women by age 21 - 37 years.

For the production of milk corresponds to a hormone called "Prolactin". Initially, it is formed in the hypophysies - the brain department. The hypothalamus produces a substance that overwhelming the excess synthesis of prolactin. When a woman feeds the baby with breasts, the level of prolactin increases in the body, respectively, the secretion of milk increases. The child stimulates the milk outflow of the thoracic glands. After the mother, she has weak distances from the chest glands. After 5 months, milk generation stops.

Causes of Galactere disease

Among the reasons:

• diseases associated with the hypothalamus;
• tumors in the field of pituitary
• pathologies characterized by violation of the exchange of thyroid hormones;
• polycystic ovarian;
• diseases in which tumors appear in adrenal glands;
• renal failure;
• severe liver damage;
• reception of drugs.
• damage to the hypothalamus;
• neurotuberculosis.

If the hypothalamus is damaged, electrolyte, salt and fatty metals are disturbed in the body, as a result, hyperthyroidism occurs. The diseases of the hypothalamus are dangerous in that lead to a decrease in the level of dopamine, and this component suppresses prolactin production.

Neof formation is one of the factors of the disease. If there is a tumor in the pituitary, the body produces prolactin in excess. Education according to the type of benign, its cells are rarely soligrated. This type of neoplasm is more often diagnosed in women. It is called microenoma. The neoplasm has hormonal activity, however, does not squeeze the nerve endings.

Microenoma manifests:

• fatigue;
• headache;
• violation of visual functions.

If the patient identifies such symptoms, you should consult a doctor. Excess prolactin is dangerous, as it can lead to amenorrhea and infertility. With a large number of this hormone, acne appear on the face. Some women are diagnosed with osteoporosis. The disease arises due to the fact that calcium salts are washed out of bone structures. The microenoma of the pituitary is a pathology at which the tumor grows and presses on the nerve fibers. Because of this, vision is disturbed. Women with microenseum pituitary gland prone to depression.

The body produces a lot of prolactin if the following diseases develop:

• lungs' cancer;
• breast cancer;
• endocrine neoplasia.

The galactoree occurs during primary hypothyroidism, when the thyroid gland produces little hormones. Hypoteriosis is also manifested by depression and sleep disorders. With such a disease, the patient rises the pulse. Polycystic ovarian can lead to hyperprolactinemia. If the ovarian polycystic disease increases the prolactin level, the process of forming the follicle is disturbed, there is an imbalance of hormone production.

In the active production of estrogen, prolactin synthesis is enhanced. In this regard, the ovarian polycystic content can lead to a galactoreau. The disease can overtake men. In this case, it is associated with a lack of testosterone. Signs of galactors in men - an increase in the chest glands, a reduction in potency.

Pathologies in which exchange processes are violated

Galactere arises against the background of the liver cirrhosis and renal failure. With such diseases, the level of prolactin increases, but the body is experiencing a shortage of other hormones. Renal failure - pathology in which exchange processes are violated, and therefore, the body cannot derive excess prolactin.

The disease can be a side effect of medication. It should be taken with care:

• antidepressants;
• dopamine antagonists;
• oral contraceptives;
• preparations of any other group.

Possible causes are sliming and pathologies associated with the spinal cord.

Clinical picture and diagnostics

Patients complain on the selection of informs. Milk, as a rule, appears when pressing. It has no pus and blood impurities. Galactere proceeds against the background, pathology at which there is no menstruation. The patient feels pain when pressed on the chest glands.

When identifying any suspicious signs, you need to contact the doctor. The doctor conducts a physical examination and evaluates the gynecological anamnesis. The patient must report concomitant diseases. During the diagnosis, the doctor reveals or refutes the amenorrhea.

To confirm the diagnosis, the blood test is required. Laboratory study is carried out in order to identify the level of prolactin. If necessary, the doctor prescribes a re-study. In 30% of the patients there is no menstruation. Galactorevi syndrome can be combined with the adenoma pituitary gland. If the doctor suspects this disease, he recommends a survey at the oculist and neurologist. The MRI procedure allows you to confirm or refute the pituitary adenoma. During the diagnosis, the specialist also identifies the level of thyroid hormones.

Therapeutic events

To get rid of the galactoyei, you should cure the accompanying ailments. It is important to eliminate the root cause of the disease. If the Galactere has arisen as a result of osteoporosis, the doctor prescribes medicines for strengthening bone tissue. In some cases, the disease is caused by the adenoma pituitary.

Therapy implies the use of dopamine agonists. Preparations suppress the synthesis of prolactin. Most Popular:

• pergolid;
• cabergoline.

Bromocriptine

The drug is a dopamine agonist. It is prescribed to reduce the level of prolactin and serotonin. Bromocriptine inhibits hormone production in the proportion of pituitary glands. The drug is often recommended for galactorevi. It reduces blood pressure, and also affects the CNS. Bromocriptine is used to treat gynecological diseases. The medicine can give side effects, but if the dosage is chosen correctly, there are no such. In rare cases, nausea appears, accompanied by vomiting. By side symptom may be leather pale. Bromocripteine \u200b\u200bisproed to people who reduced pressure. Other contraindications: heart rate disorders, myocardial infarction, tract pathology, mental illness. Bromocriptine has a soothing effect.

Pergolid

The medicine stimulates dopamine receptors, thereby lowers prolactin production. Pergolid is prescribed not only for galactorevi, but also Parkinson's disease. Dosages are individual. The drug is not recommended pregnant and nursing mothers (if necessary, lactation is stopped). Pergolid can give side effects. From the CNS, it is pain in the head, nervousness, anxiety, depressive syndrome. Some patients have side effects from the cardiovascular system. Pressure increases, peripheral edema happens. Other adverse symptoms: cough Student urination, skin irritation, plenty of sweat. If the body exhibits hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, it is necessary to refuse to receive.

Cabbergoline

The medicine is prescribed to stop physiological lactation. Other readings: Galactere, Amenorrhea. Cabergoline is produced in the form of tablets. Dosages are strictly individual. The medicine is not prescribed in the individual intolerance to its components. Contraindications are: violation of cardiac rhythm and pathologies related to respiratory authorities. It is not recommended to use Cabergoline during breastfeeding period. The medicine is contraindicated to children under the age of sixteen. If the patient has lactose intolerance, you should refuse Cabbergoline. Other contraindications: heavy cardiovascular diseases, reduced blood pressure, bleeding in gastrointestinal organs, liver failure.

Drugs cannot be taken uncontrollable, as a tumor may occur. If dopamine agonists do not give results, the doctor prescribes the removal of the adenoma pituitary. With the ineffectiveness of this measure, radiation therapy is required. Galattere is treated by professional methods. Therapy is necessary if the patient is expressed osteoporosis. Abundant discharge from the mammary glands deliver discomfort.

With a hidden course of the disease, the patient is observed by a physician and periodically gives tests to prolactin. Galattere can not be called innocuous diseases, it requires timely treatment. Deals may indicate serious violations in the body. When signs of galactorevi should be contacted to the gynecologist or endocrinologist. Perhaps it is necessary to examine an ophthalmologist.

The use of folk remedies

Galactere arises as a result of hormonal failure. In rare cases, the disease is associated with a malignant tumor. Folk treatment methods can be used in addition to the main therapy and only with the permission of the doctor. Before taking chambers, you should make sure that there is no allergies. If funds are used in parallel with drugs, they normalize hormone production, however, do not affect the tumor.

• Recipe number 1. Take 15 g of medicinal herbs: Valerians, mother-in-law, Melissa. Blend pour 300 ml boiling water. She will be finished in an hour. Before taking, the decoction is filtered. Use 50 ml three times a day. Therapy lasts 20 days, after which a weekly break and course repeat again.
• Recipe No. 2. The dosage mixture includes hawthorn, elderberry and hops. Seventy grams of collection are poured with water in the amount of 300 ml, the medicine is boiled 15 minutes, after which it is cooled and filtered. Take 3 times a day by 30 ml. The course of treatment lasts 15 days.
• Recipe number 3. Grind a small beam of parsley and pour 230 ml of boiling water. Infusion is taken after 15 minutes. Parsley can be combined with mint leaves.

These funds are not intended for storage, each time it is recommended to prepare a new one.

What else needs to know?

Galactere may occur during pregnancy. In this case, it is associated with hormonal perestroika. The body of a pregnant woman produces a large amount of oxytocin and prolactin. The latter is responsible for lactation. When detecting spontaneous discharge from the chest gland to contact the doctor. The specialist will advise the blood to identify the level of hormones.

During pregnancy, the level of prolactin fluctuates. Breast galactorerium arises as a result of hyperprolactinemia. Under the term "hyperprolactinemia" understand the high concentration of the hormone in the blood. With such a disease, the functions of the reproductive system are violated. The cause of hyperprolactinemia can be increased sensitivity of the body to certain medicines.

Other possible reasons:

• diseases of organs and systems;
• uncontrolled medication;
• endocrine pathology;

Hyperprolactinemia is diagnosed in 17 people out of 1000. The disease occurs more often in women. Factors:

• the disease mastitis;
• herpes virus;
• shingles;
• ovarian polycystic syndrome;
• pathology endometriosis;
• severe, including chronic, liver and kidney disease;
• epilepsy;
• violation of adrenal cortex functions;
• prostatitis (in men).

The disease may occur in those who uncontrollably accepted medicines for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. There are cases when the pathology provoke antihistamines, anti-ansulistic means. Possible factor is the reception of anesthetics, oral contraceptives. In some patients, hyperprolactinemia is associated with the reception of hypotensive drugs.

The clinical picture depends on the characteristics of the body. Hyperprolactinemia is characterized by a disorder of the menstrual cycle. The problem often leads to amenorrhea. If the patient revealed disorders of the menstrual cycle or the absence of menstruation should be consulted. Infertility is a heavy undiagrance associated with the lack of ovulation. The symptom of hyperprolactinemia is a galathery. People with such pathologies have no sexual attraction.

Treatment of hyperandrode

Hyperandrogenation is another sign of hyperprolactinemia in women. It is characterized by the appearance of acne and hair on the face. Another possible symptom is an attack resembling migraine. If you do not treat the disease, pain in the joints arise, visual acuity is reduced. If there is a tumor in the body, it puts pressure on the visual nerves. Patients with hyperprolactinemia are prone to depression.

Treatment is not always carried out. The doctor takes into account the intensity of hormonal oscillations and accompanying diseases. If the patient is diagnosed with hepatic or renal failure, therapy is assigned to help weaken the symptoms of these diseases. If hyperprolactinemia is caused by the reception of medicines, it is worth analyzing the need for their cancellation. If possible, the doctor recommends analogs.

Patients who detected a malignant tumor are prescribed radiation or chemotherapy. If there are hormone-forming neoplasms in the body, the doctor discharges the drugs normalizing prolactin levels. Therapy implies a correction of neurological disorders. The patient takes medicines to reduce the size of the neoplasms.

In the future, the doctor may appoint a surgical procedure. The purpose of therapy is to restore the functions of the endocrine system. For the treatment of hyperprolactinemia (the causes of the Galactorevi) also prescribe the preparation of the achievement. If dopamine agonists gave the result, the menstrual cycle is restored and the woman becomes capable of conception.