At what time will Shrovetide burn. Spiritual brace where there are pancakes, burn stuffed animals and entertain children in the fresh air. What is burned on Maslenitsa: whose scarecrow and why are they burnt on the last day of Maslenitsa

At what time will Shrovetide burn. Spiritual brace where there are pancakes, burn stuffed animals and entertain children in the fresh air. What is burned on Maslenitsa: whose scarecrow and why are they burnt on the last day of Maslenitsa

28.10.2021 Sport

The main character and an indispensable attribute for ritual actions at the holiday is the Maslenitsa, the Maslenitsa doll, the Maslenitsa stuffed animal or, as contemporaries call it, the Maslenitsa effigy. Almost all corners of Russia knew that Pancake Week would be impossible without him. The people in the villages piously believed that the Shrovetide effigy, no matter how it was made, was endowed with an unimaginable magical gift. Therefore, with the help of rituals, they tried to demonstrate his exaggerated indicators, both external and internal. According to the tradition of many generations, Maslenitsa was a wide, riotous, gluttonous, drunkard. At the street festivities, all those present chanted in unison: "The fat woman Maslenitsa drank wine and ate pancakes!" Clothes, torn, ridiculous, old sleighs, dilapidated and unusual "departure" emphasized the obsolescence of this character. In Slavic mythology, this attribute character personified death and winter. And bursting laughter, loud screams and general merriment, present in all rituals, were regarded as protective properties.

At the festival, she was recreated as a huge humanoid (straw or wooden) figure. Could have both female and male appearance. Often a real person played her role.

Not only Maslenitsa was popular, but also Maslenitsa. They could be used both together and separately. At the very beginning of the cheese-growing week, young married women with a child were instructed to make them, under the guidance of an elderly peasant woman. The basis for the body of Maslenitsa was a sheaf of straw, to which the head and arms were fastened with ropes. Large breasts were made from bundles of straw. When the body was ready, he was dressed up in a festive embroidered shirt, over which they put on a beautiful sundress with appliqués, fringes and a patterned apron. On the head they tied, with the ends back, by all means a red scarf.

How was the stuffed carnival made in ancient times?

The depicted dolls in ancient times not only resembled a human body in shape, but also necessarily had special features inherent in one or another sex. Shrovetide was portrayed with large breasts, and Shrovetide had obvious male characteristics. The most important ritual action in the creation of such characters was their dressing - "dressing up". The costumes of the Maslenitsa effigies had to be old, shabby, torn, and sometimes they also wore fur coats on them, with the fur turned out. With all this, both the straw for the sheaf (body) of Maslenitsa, and all the items for clothing were necessarily taken from different peasant houses. They could even buy it together, considering the scarecrow a ritual symbol of all members of the village. In most cases, the character was also assigned a personal name Garanka, Avdotya, Dunya, etc.

In some Siberian regions, not only women made a stuffed carnival, but also young guys.

And the population of the central provinces of Moscow, Kaluga, Vladimir made, along with the main common ritual character, "family" miniature dolls, likened to the common village Maslenitsa. No more than that, the household images had an attractive appearance. They painted their eyebrows, eyes, nose with charcoal, lips with beets. They tried to dress up in a bright smart suit, still emphasizing the signs of gender. Both for home and public Scarecrows selected the appropriate accessories that characterize the baking of pancakes. So at home they could supply Shrovetide with pans, ladles, bowls, attached to the bench, imitating the baking of pancakes. Such an image did not have any serious meaning. And residents in the Kaluga province made up to 7 different figures corresponding to each day of the Pancake Week, which occupied an honorable place on the bench by the window. The girls took them with them, gathering for gatherings, games, walking with them around the village, riding a sleigh, singing suffering love songs. Basically, such a character was created where there was a girl of marriageable age. Quite often, after the celebration, the costumed doll became a simple toy, and, like the motanka doll, it was a kind of amulet.

For peasants from the Perm province, the main symbol of the holiday was not a straw doll, but a wooden statue. They either dressed up a wooden pusher, or rolled a snow woman out of the snow, put it on a sled and rolled it down the hill and through the streets of the village.

But in the fifties of the nineteenth century. traditions in many places in Russia have changed.

Now for the ceremony for the role of Shrovetide, the public selected an eccentric peasant. His whole village, laughing and having fun, dressed up in motley clothes. She definitely had to be feminine, decrepit, funny and ragged. The Shrovetide character was supplemented with numerous ridiculous accessories and vehicles.

The peasant, fantastically and absurdly dressed, drove around the village. The horse was harnessed to an old and crumbling sled. They were covered with faded rugs, torn matting, hung with bast, bast shoes. He sang loudly, clown about, mince and gathered around him a crowd of noisy fellow villagers. Shrovetide was escorted to the outskirts of the village, to the fields or to the forest, where he changed into ordinary clothes. After the ceremony "Seeing off Maslenitsa" everyone returned home.

In the Vologda villages, according to modern traditions, a young guy was chosen for this role, who rode on a children's sled harnessed by a small foal with straw harness.

And in the villages of the Penza province, calves and foals were harnessed to inverted harrows, a light young guy was seated, they gave him a broomstick and a poker, and, accompanied by wild laughter from fellow villagers, drove him around the village. In the Vladimir villages, a man was selected for the role of Maslenitsa, he was seated in a huge sleigh on a wheel attached to a high pole. He went with a bottle of wine and a huge roll.

The interesting traditions of the Russian people at the Maslenitsa had one thing in common: they all began and ended with a carnival procession. The popular rite of burning a scarecrow of Maslenitsa symbolized the "farewell, funeral" of the outdated winter.

The rite of burning a Scarecrow of Maslenitsa expresses the idea of a century-old and annual renewal. In ancient times, old unnecessary things were thrown on this fire in order to set on fire everything that was sinful, sad and bad. The arrival of early spring depended on how everything burned. After all, it is correct to spend the annoying Winter (fast burning of the Scarecrow), it means to help Spring. The fields were fertilized with ash for the abundance of the future harvest.

How to make a Shrovetide effigy?

1. The modern Shrovetide effigy is very different from the one made by our ancient ancestors. More and more often it is created, taking as a basis a garden scarecrow. It is made from two dry bars of different lengths. The long one is the base for the torso, the shorter one is for the arms. I apply the bars crosswise and knock them down.

2. To form the body, take hay, paper, straw - the most burning materials. They are tied with ropes, twine, creating a figure of a stuffed animal. If straw or dry grass is not available, replace them with 2-3 brooms.

3. The head is assembled from a light linen bag, which is filled with straw, hay and sewn at the bottom. Instead of a bag, you can take white paper wrapped in straw. They cover the head with a bright scarf tied at the ends at the back.

4. To dress the carnival stuffed animal, choose an old one or a sundress, or a dress, having sewn up its hem. Then the grass, straw from the scarecrow will not fall.

If you have a desire to create, make a glamorous Shrovetide - the latest fashion!

Dress her in a shocking cropped jacket with sleeves - a flashlight, a beret over her head, a huge scarf around her neck. Bottom - skirt in contrasting color. For the hands, take old gloves and stuff them with hay too. Secure them to the ends of the smaller stick with ropes.

5. Paint on the face. Eyes - always closed - with a thin cosmetic pencil. For scarlet cheeks and lips, blush and bright lipstick are suitable. Such a character will clearly contrast with the white snow.

6. For double braids, weave white fabric or shades of yellow fabric. Tie ribbons at the ends of the braids. Secure the braids underneath the scarf. Now the doll remains to be placed in a snowdrift or fixed in the snow.

February 25 from 12.00 to 18.00

What will happen: Family Day - a whole day full of workshops, lectures and games for the whole family

Things to do: On Saturday, in Space at Flacon, kids will learn to make scarecrows under the guidance of designers, pillow fight and tug-of-war. From the Shrovetide program, this seems to be all - there will also be modeling from plasticine, weaving braids, soap making (where without it), cartoons and astrologer's legends about the stars. Adults at this time can listen to lectures on psychology and make aromatic decorations. In general, Family Day - only without pancakes and stuffed animals - will be held at Flacon every Saturday. You can buy a day ticket right on the spot.

What to eat: The Milk cafe, located just in Space, has a special Pancake week menu since Monday, which includes pancakes with jam, cottage cheese and vegetarian options.

What to eat: All week on the menu of the restaurant "Shardama" - pancakes with homemade blueberry jam, honey and sour cream, pancake bags with Norwegian herring salad, buckwheat pancake rolls with salmon and wheat pancakes with salmon.

Arrow
February 26 from 14.00 to 17.00

What will happen: Winter picnic.

Things to do: There will be a Maslenitsa barbecue in the courtyard of Strelka on Sunday - the chefs of the Strelka bar Nathan Dallimore and Natalie Horsting are going to grill hot dogs with pork and lamb sausages and caramelized onions on the barbecue, everyone will be able to make themselves a kebab of fruit there and marshmallows, plus pancakes, hot soup and sweet potato falafel on the picnic. Bonfires will be lit in iron barrels in the courtyard, but those who come to Strelka right after the White Circle campaign will be especially lucky: everyone who has white ribbons will receive hot tea and special attention.

What to eat: Everything that will be at the picnic - all meals and drinks - 100 rubles each.

Sokolniki Park"
February 25 and 26 from 11.00 to 22.00

What will happen: Classical Shrovetide with buffoons, stilts and folk music, to which were added a disco, handmade stuffed animals and a city of snow.

What to do: On Friday and Saturday, you can bring bags of old things to the Beryozka stage, make a stuffed animal out of them and get a new green T-shirt with the logo of the Moroz City festival in return. And on Sunday - take part in a parade of homemade scarecrows, listen to performances by the Oberigi ensemble and the Balagan Limited group, play rounders, pull a rope and walk on stilts. After that, at 18.00, in Sokolniki they promise a fire show, the burning of the main effigy and a disco on Fontannaya Square, however, only until 20.00. In addition, the snow city will continue to operate throughout the weekend in the park, which still has a prison, a lighthouse, a cinema and many more interesting objects. The entrance is free.

What to eat: Sokolniki will have 12 open-air pancakes shops, both from the administration and from restaurants like Violet. In addition, you can always find tents with cheap donuts and barbecue pavilions there.

Gorky Park
February 24 from 14.00 to 21.00, 25 and 26 - from 12.00

What will happen: The main venue for the Maslenitsa celebration in Moscow.

What to do: In Gorky Park this weekend the program is the most intense in the city: in addition to the usual accordion players, buffoons on stilts and the Golubka and Charushka ensembles, there will be master classes in baking pancakes, weaving dolls and amulets, and even lessons in blacksmithing. In front of the Musical Stage, there should be grounds for children's contests and quizzes, and nearby - the pavilion of the AiF newspaper, where for some reason children will be taught how to make clay and plasticine toys. All three days in the park there will be performances like "Luntik" and "Masha and the Bear" you can look at churns, spinning wheels, old candy wrappers and baby cradles. On Sunday, at 19.00, a teleconference with London will take place in the park - Maslenitsa is also celebrated quite actively on Trafalgar Square. The whole event will end with a light show and a burning ceremony for the 11-meter Firebird installation.

What to eat: On Leninskaya and Fontannaya squares, there will be pancake rows (with pancakes "according to the most unusual recipes"), but most importantly - the farm rows of the LavkaLavka project, with pies, pancakes, broth and live geese, and an exit cafe "Gifts of Nature", in where you can eat baked potatoes, hot dogs and cranberry-lingonberry punch. And in the "Starorussky settlement" there will be a real tavern - with sour cabbage soup, pike cutlets and mead.

You want to know what kind of holiday is Maslenitsa, on what day is a scarecrow burned on Maslenitsa in 2017? We will talk about this today.

This holiday has been celebrated in Russia and in many other countries since pagan times. During Maslenitsa week, fires are made, fistfights, sleigh rides, festivities and noisy revels are organized.

Costumes in animal costumes, with tambourines, balalaikas and other folk instruments bypass their neighbors and friends, congratulate them on the holiday and sing carols, for which they receive a treat.

When is a scarecrow burned on Shrovetide in 2017?

The start date of Shrovetide varies from year to year depending on when it starts Great post... According to tradition, this holiday is celebrated for seven days, each of which has its own name. In 2017, Maslenitsa week runs from 20 to 26 February.

The day on which the effigy of Maslenitsa is burned in 2017 ends the week of this holiday. This day is called Forgiveness Sunday, and the straw effigy of Maslenitsa is a symbol of winter, and people burn it and ask each other for forgiveness for previous offenses.

When will the scarecrow be burned on Maslenitsa in 2017? Forgiveness Sunday this year will be celebrated 26 february... Nowadays, as in the old days, fairs, sleigh rides and festive festivities will be held in cities and villages on this day.

The custom of burning an effigy on Shrovetide appeared in ancient times. Shrovetide was considered one of the main calendar pagan holidays. Its popularity among the people was so great that even after the adoption of Christianity, many rituals remained practically unchanged.

Why is the Maslenitsa effigy burned?

In the fall, after the harvest, the peasants left the last bunch of straw. On Shrovetide, a stuffed animal was made from it and on the last day of the Maslenitsa week they solemnly carried it through the whole village, and then burned it, drowned it in an ice hole or tore it apart.

It was believed that together with the burnt effigy, people get rid of the hardships and misfortunes that accompanied them in the past. Old things were usually thrown into the fire on which the scarecrow was burned so that all bad things would be left behind.

This rite was also a symbolic sacrifice to the higher powers, which were supposed to send the peasants a good harvest in the coming year (for this, the ash and straw remaining after the burning of Maslenitsa were scattered over the fields).

Shrovetide is one of the most fun and long-awaited holidays of the year, the celebration of which lasts seven days. At this time, people have fun, go to visit, arrange walks and eat pancakes. Maslenitsa in 2018 will begin on February 12, and its end date will be February 18.

Pancake week is a popular celebration dedicated to the welcome of spring. Before entering Great Lent, people say goodbye to winter, enjoy warm spring days, and, of course, bake delicious pancakes.

Shrovetide: traditions and customs

There are several names for this holiday:

meaty Pancake week is called due to the fact that during the period of celebration they refrain from eating meat;
cheesy - because they eat a lot of cheese this week;
Shrovetide - because they consume a large amount of oil.

Many people await with trepidation the onset of Maslenitsa, the traditions of which are rooted in our history. Today, as in the old days, this holiday is celebrated on a grand scale, with chants, dances and competitions.

The most popular amusements that used to be organized in the villages were:

fist fights;
eating pancakes for a while;
sleigh rides;
climbing a pole for a prize;
games with a bear;
burning a stuffed animal;
swimming in ice holes.

The main treat both before and now are pancakes, which can have different fillings. They are baked every day in large quantities.

Our ancestors believed that those who do not have fun on Shrovetide will live the coming year poorly and joylessly.

Shrovetide: what can and cannot be done?

On Shrovetide, you cannot eat meat food. It is allowed to eat fish and dairy products. Pancakes should be the main dish on the table in every home.
You need to eat often and a lot on Shrovetide. Therefore, it is customary to invite guests and not skimp on treats, as well as to visit themselves.

Shrovetide: history of the holiday

In fact, Maslenitsa is a pagan holiday, which was eventually changed to the "format" of the Orthodox Church. In pre-Christian Russia, the celebration was called "Farewell to Winter".

Our ancestors revered the sun as a god. And with the onset of the first spring days, we were glad that the sun was beginning to warm the earth. Therefore, a tradition appeared to bake round, shaped like the sun, flat cakes. It was believed that having eaten such a food, a person will receive a particle of sunlight and heat. Over time, pancakes were replaced by pancakes.

Shrovetide: traditions of celebration

In the first three days of the holiday, there was an active preparation for the celebration:

they brought firewood for the fire;
decorated huts;
built mountains.

The main celebration took place from Thursday to Sunday. They came into the house in order to treat themselves to pancakes and drink hot tea.

In some villages, young people went from house to house with tambourines, horns, balalaikas, singing carols. City dwellers took part in festive festivities:

dressed in their best outfits;
went to theatrical performances;
visited booths to look at buffoons and fun with a bear.

The main entertainment was the skating of children and young people from the ice slides, which they tried to decorate with lanterns and flags. Used for riding:

matting;
sled;
skates;
skins;
ice floes;
wooden troughs.

Another fun event was the capture of the ice fortress. The guys built a snow town with a gate, put guards there, and then went on the attack: they burst into the gate and climbed the walls. The besieged defended themselves as best they could: snowballs, brooms and whips were used.

On Shrovetide, boys and young men showed their agility in fistfights. Residents of two villages, landowners and monastic peasants, residents of a large village living in opposite ends could take part in the battles.

Seriously preparing for battle:

steamed in the baths;
ate hearty;
turned to the sorcerers with a request to give a special conspiracy to win.

Features of the rite of burning a scarecrow of winter on Maslenitsa

As many years ago, and today the culmination of Shrovetide is considered to be the burning of the effigy. This action symbolizes the onset of spring and the end of winter. The burning is preceded by games, round dances, songs and dances, accompanied by refreshments.

As a scarecrow, which is sacrificed, they made a large funny and at the same time scary doll, personifying Maslenitsa. They made a doll out of rags and straw. Then she was dressed up in women's clothing and left on the main street of the village during Pancake Week. And on Sunday they were solemnly carried outside the village. There, the scarecrow was burned, drowned in an ice-hole, or torn to pieces, and the straw left over from it was scattered across the field.

The ritual burning of the doll had a deep meaning: it is necessary to destroy the symbol of winter in order to revive its power in spring.

Shrovetide: the meaning of every day

The holiday is celebrated from Monday to Sunday. At Shrove Tuesday, it is customary to spend every day in its own way, observing the traditions of our ancestors:

Monday called "Shrovetide Meeting". On this day, pancakes begin to bake. It is customary to give the first pancake to poor and needy people. On Monday, our ancestors prepared a scarecrow, dressed it in rags and displayed it on the main street of the village. It stood on public display until Sunday.
Tuesday nicknamed "Flirting". It was dedicated to youth. On this day, festivities were organized: they rode on sleds, ice slides, carousels.
Wednesday- "Gourmet". On this day, guests were invited to the house (friends, relatives, neighbors). They were treated to pancakes, honey cakes and pies. Also on Wednesday, it was customary to regale their sons-in-law with pancakes, hence the expression: “ Son-in-law came, where to get sour cream?". Also on this day, horse races and fist fights were held.
Thursday popularly nicknamed "Razgulyay". From this day, the Wide Maslenitsa begins, which is accompanied by snowball games, sledding, merry round dances and chants.
Friday nicknamed "Mother-in-law's evenings", because on that day the sons-in-law invited the mother-in-law to their house and treated them to delicious pancakes.
Saturday- "Sister-wife's gatherings". The daughters-in-law invited her husband's sisters to their house, talked with them, treated them to pancakes and gave gifts.
Sunday- the apotheosis of Maslenitsa. This day was named "Forgiveness Sunday". On Sunday they said goodbye to winter, saw off Maslenitsa and symbolically burned her effigy. On this day, it is customary to ask friends and family for forgiveness for the grievances that have accumulated over the year.