One of the hobbies of Benjamin Franklin was to collect synonyms for the word "DRUNK", that is, "drunk." For his life, politician heard and recorded 200 original expressions.

Under the original we understand something original: for example, the author's text, a picture written by the famous artist, etc. And in the old days they called the stick, who was on the court dubbed a non-surrender witness so that in the literal sense to knock out testimony from him.

English policemen were not accidentally called "Bobby", and not "Willy", "Johnny" or somehow. This is a tribute to Robert Saw, the British Prime Minister, who at the end of the century spent a very successful police reform.

The word "bastard" has nothing to do with the "dish" and lacquer crumbs that can be enjoyed from it. But with the word "Blud" it is in the most close relationship. Previously, the bastard called the descendant, whom the animal of purebred masses "started" on the side. Then such offs are called in science - hybrids - and the initial word swore into Russian as a cursing.

In everyday life we \u200b\u200bput the sign of equality between the words "ship" and "ship", considering them synonyms. But the sailors do not think so. For them, the "ship" is strictly civilian floating conditions, and the "ship" is military.

What we call "Sarame", in the Kazakh language is understood as the palace. And it looks accordingly.

The search engine Yahoo is obliged to the writer Jonatan Swift. It was he who invented this word, and also introduced into the tongue synonym the words "Dwarf" - "Liliput".

In Russia, the 15-18 centuries existed a position with a funny name - a lifting kiss. If you do not know etymology, you might think that this person was kissed with those who personally did not want to lie the king-father or another important person. In fact, the kovologists were engaged in very boring matters - financial or judicial. And their names were called due to the oath procedures, during which it was necessary to kiss the cross. The word "lip" also has nothing to do with the senses: the one was called an administrative-territorial unit in Russia.

The definition of his profession, corporate hunters for celebrities - Paparazzi - must film Fellini "Sweet Life". And the character from this picture is the Italian photographer Parapazzo.

Solid and fully fitting head caps with slots for eyes and mouth today are called balaclava. This lexeme occurred from toponym - the name of the city. During the Crimean war, the Balaklava, the Balaclava suffered from the cold. In order to maximize the face, they pulled on the heads heads, cutting holes in them.

The first idiots were not at all low. At first, so called the ancient Greeks, not interested in politics and social life. But with the development of Athenian democracy, speakers speakers speakers increasingly pronounced this word with a shade of neglect. They tried to convey to the public that a person who was not interested in politics simply had no intellectual abilities to this. Today Idiot is one of the medical diagnoses of human mental inferiority.

We now call Pocket Kniviki Pershes, although no longer you do not get any feathers. And in the era, when the only letter of the letter was a goose feather, there was a special knife for his sharpening (olives). From him, the word "pericoor" happened.

Internet designation of loud laughter - LOL - in fact, much older than we think. In the language of the Dutch, it means "fun, laughter." Only this is not an abbreviation, but an independent word, and it is written it is not uppercase, but lower case letters.

Why in the east in homes pass the floors with number 4?

In China, Korea and Japan, the number 4 is considered unfortunate, since the word "death" is consonant. In these countries, the floors with numbers ending to four are almost always absent.

Why in some countries there are no 13th floor in homes?

Because of the fear of the number 13 in many countries, there are no 13th floor in homes (after the 12th, 14th) is immediately), or is indicated differently, for example, 12a or m (13th of the alphabet letter).

How do Arabs write and read numbers?

Arabs enjoy their own signs to record numbers, although Europe and North Africa's Arabs apply the "Arab" figures familiar to us. However, whatever the signs of numbers, the Arabs write them, like the letters, right to left, but starting with younger discharges. It turns out that if we meet familiar figures in the Arabic text and read the number to the usual way left to the right, then we will not make sure.

How many times did the main prize of sportsloto won?

In the history of the Soviet lottery of the Sportroto, all 6 of the 49 numbers guess correctly 2 or 3 times.

How many colors do you need to give European girls?

In the US, Europe and some Eastern countries, it is believed that a clear amount of donor colors brings happiness. In Russia, a clear number of colors is made only to the funeral of the dead. In cases when in the bouquet of many colors, the readiness or oddness of their number does not play such a role.

How to check the authenticity of the euro bills at the serial number?

The authenticity of the euro bills can be checked by its serial number and eleven digits. You need to replace the letter to its sequence number in the Latin alphabet, fold this number with the rest, then fold the figures of the result until we get one digit. If this figure is 8, then the bill is genuine. Another way to check is similar to the folding of numbers, but without a letter. The result from one letter and the figures must comply with a specific country, since the euro is printed in different countries. For example, for Germany it is X2.

How many legs of the waist?

There are no 40 legs at the tabletop. Sorry-plant is a domestic name of various types of arthropods, combined by scientifically in the abandlage of multiodions. Different species of multi-indoor from 30 to 400 and higher legs, and this number can be different even in individuals of one species. In the English language, two names for these animals were established - CENTIPEDE ("Motion" translated from Latin) and Millipede ("Mozrogen"). And the difference between them is essential - thousands of nozzles are not dangerous for a person, and staves are very painful.

Where were the Olympic Games, on the emblem of which the year of the year was indicated by five digits?

On the emblems of the Olympic Games, the year is usually denoted by two (for example, Barcelona-92) or four digits (for example, Beijing 2008). But once the year was designated five digits. It happened in 1960, when the Olympics took place in Rome - the number of 1960 was recorded as MCMLX.

How strangely are the numbers 70, 80 and 90 in French?

In most European languages, the names of numerals from 20 to 90 are formed according to the standard scheme - consonantly with base numbers from 2 to 9. However, in French, the names of some numbers have strange logic. Thus, the number 70 is pronounced 'SOIXANTE-DIX', which is translated as "sixty and ten", 80 - 'quatre-vingts' ("four times twenty"), and 90 - 'quatre-vingt-dix' ("four times twenty and ten and ten "). Similar situation in Georgian and Danish languages. In the last number 70 is literally translated as "halfway from three times twenty to four times twenty."

The name of which world-famous corporation arose as a result of a spelling error?

When Larry Page and Sergey Brin came up with the name of a new search engine, they wanted to express in it a huge amount of information that the system is capable of processing. Their colleague proposed the word "googol" - so in mathematics it is called the number from the unit from a hundred subsequent zeros. Immediately he checked the domain name for employment and, finding that it was free, registered. And in writing a word, he made a mistake: instead of the right 'googol.com' introduced 'google.com', but Larry has liked a freshly inopened word and established as a name.

On satellite images of which Ukrainian city can you see the number 666?

In 522, the Kharkov microdistrict according to the plan should have built a block of residential buildings so that from the air they formed the letters of the USSR. However, after the construction of three letters from and vertical, the letter R into the plan has made changes. As a result, these houses can be seen as the number 666.

What mathematical law of the distribution of numbers will allow to verify financial data on accuracy?

There is a mathematical law of Benford, who states that the distribution of the first numbers in numbers of any data sets from the real world is unevenly. Figures from 1 to 4 in such sets (namely, birth statistics or mortality, house numbers, etc.) in the first position there are much more often than figures from 5 to 9. The practical application of this law is that it can be Check on accuracy of accounting and financial data, election results and more. In some US states, the discrepancy between the data law of Benford is even a formal evidence in court.

Why the name of the number 40 is knocked out of the same type of titles "twenty", "thirty", "fifty", etc.?

In Russian, the names of numeral up to 100, divided by 10, are formed by adding the name of the number and "ten": twenty, thirty, fifty, etc. The exception of this series is the "forty" number. This is explained by the fact that in antiquity, the conventional unit of trade in fur skins was a bunch of 40 of them. The fabric in which these skins were wrapped in, and called "forty" (from the same root the word "shirt"). Thus, the name "forty" crowded more ancient "four dens".

What is the number of social connections for a person optimally?

English Anthropologist Robert Dunbar revealed the relationship between the size of the new cortex of large hemispheres of the brain of primates and the size of their flocks. Based on this data, it determined the optimal size of social relations for humans - 150. Such a number is confirmed in various historical periods and locations: for example, this is an estimated number of residents of the Neolithic settlement or the size of the basic division of the Roman army. In 2010, Dunbar began studying the social network Facebook and came to the conclusion that his number was acting there: despite the fact that some people have hundreds and thousands of friends on social networks, effectively interacting the average person is capable of not more than 150 contacts.

Why do figures on the calculator increase from the bottom up, and on the phone - from top to bottom?

The numbers on the calculator are increasing from the bottom up, and on the keyboard of the phone - from top to bottom. This is explained by the fact that the calculators occurred from mechanical countable machines, where the numbers are historically accepted from the bottom up. The phones have long been equipped with a disc, and when it was possible to release buttons with a tonal set, the location of the numbers on the buttons was decided to do by analogy with the disk - ascending from top to bottom with zero at the end.

Why is the numbering of trolleybuses in Budapest begins with the 70th number?

Trolleybuses in Budapest appeared in 1949. The first trolleybus was immediately given number 70, as this year the 70th anniversary of Stalin was celebrated. And now there are no trolley buses until the 70th room in Budapest.

Why did the Roman Pope John XX never existed, although were John XXI, XXII and XXIII?

Portuguese Pedro Zhulian was elected Roman dad in 1276 and took the name John. However, although the previous John wore the 19th sequence number, this dad missed one digit and declared himself by John XXI. He believed that an error was embryed into the list of its predecessors, and in the history of the papacy was extra John. Later it turned out that he was mistaken and there was no mistake, but the numbering could not be reversed. Therefore, it turned out that John XX never existed, although today the list of John ends with the number XXIII.

Interesting facts about words
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What was called Bazuka before the appearance of anti-tank grenades?
Initially, the term "Bazooka" was called a musical braid tool similar to trombone. During World War II, the American army was admitted by the anti-tank grenade launcher M9, which because of the external similarity with the tool, and on another version, due to its sound, the whistling sheeter, they also called the Bazuka.
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How did the word "humor" come from?
The word "humor" originally from ancient Greece, but there it was used in the medical sense. Antique doctors believed that the state of a person was out of the ratio of fluids in his body - blood, lymph, yellow and black bile. Each such liquid was called "Gumor". If all four gumor were in the perfect balance, a person could be considered healthy and happy.
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Why is the Mitsubishi Pajero car in Spain sold under the Montero brand?
The Mitsubishi Pajero car on the Spanish market was presented as Mitsubishi Montero, as on the local jargon the word 'Pajero' (Pachero read) means "onanist".

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In which languages \u200b\u200bare words without vowels?
In Serbian and Croatian languages, there are words without vowels. For example, in the Adriatic Sea there is an island of Krk. Even more difficult in this regard, Czechs and Slovaks. They have the longest words without vowel sounds is ČTVRTHRST, which means a "quarter hand". Moreover, proposals may be made from such words, for example, Strč Prst Skrz KRK - "Losen finger through the throat."
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How did the word "coin" come from?
The Roman goddess of Juno had a coin title that translated from Latin means "warning" or "advisor". Near the Temple of Juno on the Capitol was the workshops where metal money was minted. That is why we call them coins, and in English from this title there was a common name of money - 'Money'. By the way, the initial meaning of the word "coin" comes into force when we throw it in search of the Council.
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What kind of vegetable name comes from the word "immature"?
The word "cucumber" is borrowed from the Greek language in which it was formed from the word meaning "immature". The reason for this is that the cucumbers are used to eat precisely.
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What word in Russian is the longest?
In different sources you can meet different options for the longest word in Russian. For example, in the Guinness Book of Records, this word is "free-to-represented", and in the spelling dictionary of the Russian Academy of Sciences - "Water Support Epoparaffin". However, all these records are unfounded, because some rules of the Russian language allow them to be theoretically easily to beat them. So, to indicate the age of a person, the longest word will be "eighty-year-old", but on the same principle you can build much longer adjectives for the age of trees or even space objects. Also in Russian there are no restrictions on the number of prefixes "Pra-" in terms, denoting kinship, that is, the word for the designation of the most distant descendant will contain a huge number of letters.
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Who invented the word "robot" and from what word did it form?
The term "robot" introduced the Czech Chapek Czech writer in everyday life. Although at first in his play he called human-like mechanisms "laborators" (from Latin Labor - work), he did not like this word. Then, on the advice of Brother Josef, he renamed them into robots. By the way, the word Robota word Robota means it is not easy to work for this neologism, but hard work or cautious.
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Where did the word school come from?
The word "school" originally arose in ancient Greece, but its significance was completely different - "Leisure, rest." However, this leisure was not idle - he meant philosophical conversations in his free time. Gradually, constant students have appeared in philosophers, and this concept began to designate the educational process. And when there was a need for special premises for teaching children, they were also called schools in tribute to this tradition.
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What festive decorations were originally sweet and edible?
Since a long time, a tradition existed to sink balls, carnival, weddings with sweets. They were called "confetti" from the Italian word "sugar" (hence also received their name candy). Later came up with replacing sweets with small pieces of paper, but the word for their designation is confetti - it remains the same.
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What is the name of the Armor to be borrowed from the Mongols and is enlarged?
Mongolian warriors wore armor, which were called "Hugging". In times of Wars of Russia with the Golden Horde, this word penetrated into Russian, but in the refined form - the Eastern Armor of the Brigantic Type began to call the "Luche"
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How many nouns are Russian origin, starting with the letters "A"?
Almost all words of the Russian language, starting with the letter "A" - borrowed. The nouns of Russian origin on "A" in modern speech is very small - these are the words "alphabet", "AZ" and "AB".
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What kind of children, Russian aristocrats sometimes gave truncated surnames?
Russian aristocrats and members of the imperial family were often given to their extramarital surnames formed by truncation. For example, the extramarital children of Trubetsky could get the name of the bezkoy, and Golitsyn - Lisyn or even just go. Another interesting way was to use anagrams. Thus, the surname Lunacharsky occurred from the name Charnalusky.
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Why do piggy banks for money taken to do in the form of a pig?
In medieval England, the word 'pygg' was called the grade of clay, from which homemade utensils were made. In pots of such clay, people often stored savings and called their 'pygg jar'. Over time, the term turned into 'Pig Bank', and thanks to this consonance of piggy banks began to make exclusively in the form of a pig.
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How many legs of the waist?
No 40 legs are not necessarily 40 legs. Sorry-plant is a domestic name of various types of arthropods, combined by scientifically in the abandlage of multiodions. Different species of multi-indoor from 30 to 400 and higher legs, and this number can be different even in individuals of one species. In the English language, two names for these animals were established - CENTIPEDE ("Motion" translated from Latin) and Millipede ("Mozrogen"). And the difference between them is essential - thousands of nozzles are not dangerous for a person, and staves are very painful.
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Why are policemen call "garbage"?
Militiamen received the nickname "garbage" not from domestic waste. The fact is that before the revolution, the Moscow criminal office was called the Moscow criminal school. From the abbreviation of the MUS and there was a hunted nickname.
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Why is one of the first editions of the dictionary of Ozhegov not included the names of residents of cities, except the word "Leningradets"?
In one of the first editions of the intelligent dictionary, Ozhegov decided not to include the names of the inhabitants of cities in order not to increase its size once. The exception was made only for the word "Leningradets", but not as a sign of special respect for residents of Leningrad. It was simply necessary to divide the words "lazy" and "Leninets" who stood near, in order not to determine the image of young Leninists.
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Where in the sky is a joke star?
Previously, the alternative name of the constellation of a large bear was common in Russia - a horse on joke (meaning a grazing horse tied with a rope to a peg). And the polar star, respectively, was called a joke star.
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What word did the inventor of the phone offered for a telephone greeting?
The inventor of the phone Alexander Bell proposed as a telephone greeting to use the word 'ahoy' from the lexicon of German sailors. Later Thomas Edison offered a more traditional 'Hello', which penetrated into Russian, changed to "Hello!".
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How did the word "bastard" come from?
The word "bastard" happened from the verb "Blood" and initially meant only an illegitimate descendant of a purebred animal. Over time, in biology, this word was supplanted by the term "hybrid", but it became abusive for people.
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What legal term in antiquity meant simply "a piece of wood"?
The Latin word Codex meant "a piece of wood." It is on wooden planks, smeared with wax, the first books were made in the format usually, and not in the form of a scroll. Later, instead of a tree, the Romans began to use parchment for codes. In the 3rd century, a meeting of the imperial constitutions was published in the form of the code. Today in Russian, the word "code" is used specifically for the names of the arms of laws.
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What aircraft used Peter I troops to take the Swedish fortresses?
The word "aircraft" existed long before the appearance of aviation. For example, the Brockhaus and Efron dictionary of the 1903 year of release describes the troops of Peter I, the Noteburg Fortress: "... Flotilla blocked it from the Lake Ladoga; On the plane, there is a connection between both shores of the Neva. " Here, under the word, the aircraft is due to self-propelled steam, driven by the power of a river jet. In the same encyclopedia there is another interpretation: the aircraft is a manual weaving machine with a device for a more convenient cake of the shuttle. Finally, so-called magic flying objects from fairy tales, such as a carpet aircraft.
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What did teachers do in ancient Greece?
The word "teacher" originally from ancient Greece and means literally "leading child." But they called so not the teacher, but a slave who took the child to school and brought back. Usually, the teachers were chosen slaves unsuitable for any other work, but distinguished by the loyalty of the house.
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Whose tendency to a few and brevity caused the cause of the word "laconicity"?
The term "laconicity" was formed from the name of the ancient Greek region of Laconia, the inhabitants of which were distinguished by a little resistance and brevity. The city of Sparta was also in Laconi. The classic example of the laconicity of Spartans belongs to the letter of King Macedonia Philipp II, which won many of the Greek cities: "I advise you to surrender immediately, because if my army goes into your lands, I will destroy your gardens, enslave people and destroy the city." This Spartan etho responded with in one word: "If".
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Where did the first barbarians appear?
The word "barbarian" arose in ancient Greece. They were called all strangers that do not speak Greek (for the Greeks, the incomprehensible speech of these strangers merged into the sounds of "Var-Var"). Romans borrowed this word, calling all nations, except for themselves and Greeks. Although the Arabs also fell into this list, they adapted this word and nicknamed all non-Arabs of North Africa Berbers. Later, the word "barbarian" entered many other languages \u200b\u200bin a similar meaning - to designate foreigners, representatives of someone else's and incomprehensible culture.
***.
What kind of insect is actually dragonfly from the Basni Krylov?
In the bass of the Krylov "Dragonfly and Ant" there are lines: "Strengthening the dragonfly Summer is red lost." However, it is known that dragonfly does not publish sounds. The fact is that at that time the word "dragonfly" served as a generalized title for several types of insects. And the hero of Basni is actually a grasshopper.
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What explains the intimacy of the words of the Swiss and Swiss?
In Russia, until the 19th century, Swiss residents were called the Swiss, until the word "Schwather" did not begin to call the gatekeepers and watchdogs of the entrances. Due to constant confusion for residents of a mountainous country and decided to use a new word - "Swiss". Historically, the proximity of these words is explained by the fact that in its time the Western European dominated personnel, and including Pope, preferred their guard of bodyguards from Swiss.
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How did the word "smarrot" come from?
In the pre-revolutionary gymnasiums of the teacher called the responses of unrelated students with the Greek word "Moros" (stupidity). The gymnasists redid it in the Zagonnaya Lord "Smorrot."
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What language does not distinguish between blue and green colors?
Initially, in Japanese, there were no differences between blue and green, and one word was used for the designation. To distinguish blue and green in educational benefits began only in the middle of the 20th century, but even today the word Ao can designate the color of vegetation. And in many other Asian languages, even if there are separate words for these colors, natural objects, such as leaves, are designated blue, and only man-made green objects are actually green.
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How many words to designate different types of love used the ancient Greeks?
The Greeks still have different words: "Eros" - spontaneous, enthusiastic love, in the form of reverence aimed at the object of love; "Filira" - Love-Friendship or Love-Suitable for a conscious choice; "Storge" - love-tenderness, especially family; "Ludus" is a love-game that allows treason; "Agape" - sacrificial love; "Pragma" - love for calculating the control of reason and "mania" - irrational love-obsession.
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What flower wears the same name in most European languages?
Forget-me-not in most European and many non-European languages \u200b\u200bwears the same name in meaning. For example, forget-me-not in English, Vergissmeinnicht in German. But the legends about the origin of such a name is very much, in almost every country its own. One of the legends says that God gave names to all plants besides a little flower, and he said: "Do not forget me!". "This will be your name," God replied.
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How did the words coming up and smuggle?
The peasants before the serfdom of serfdom in Russia could move from one barina to another. They hired a job in the spring, "to Egoria", and the calculation was obtained in autumn, in Kuzminki. During transactions, the parties were often ground for all tricks, and sometimes on deception. From here there were the words "volume" and "smoky".
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Why the words bull and bee are single?
The words bull and bee are single. The fact is that in the works of ancient Russian literature the word bee was written as "Buchel." The alternation of the vowel / s is explained by the origin of both sounds from one Indo-European sound U. If you recall the dialect verb to close, having the meanings to "roar, buzz, buzzing" and the etymologically related words of bee, bug and bull, it becomes clear, what was the general meaning of these Nouns - producing a certain sound.
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What two unrelated words come from the word "exhalation" in French?
Suffle's words and suffling have little in common, but both from the French "Souffle" occur (exhale, blow). The souffle is called so because it is light and air, and Suflor - because he must tell the actors very quietly.
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How is the famous football scarring related to Allah?
Football scarring "Ole-Ole-Ola" comes from Spain, where the word "Ola" shouted on the Corrida or Flamenco dance. And there it appeared by transformation from the word "Allah", which was pronounced with the prayers of Arabs, who captured Spain in the 8th century.
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Where is Russian and Polish vodka designate different words?
In modern French, there is a double writing of the word "vodka": Wodka - for Polish and Vodka - for Russian.
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How is the word "bedlam" with the city of Bethlehem?
In 1547, a psychiatric clinic opened in London - the Bethelleg Royal Hospital, in honor of the Biblical city of Bethlehem. Her abbreviated name of the poor was the name of the nominative, first - by synonymous with the crazy house, and later, in a word for the designation of extreme confusion and disorder.
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What is the difference between white rhinos from black rhinos?
In fact, black and white rhilities are completely the same - can be dark gray, and light gray, and brown. The mistake arose due to the fact that the British colonists adopted the Dutch 'Wijd' for the word 'White' - "white", and it was necessary to have a 'wide' - "wide", since this species has a wide mouth. And since white rhinos appeared, the view with a narrow mouth was called a black rhino.
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How did the word shale turn out of the nominal one?
In the Soviet Union, a famous manufacturer of rubber slags was the Polymer plant in the town of Slates of the Leningrad Region. Many buyers believed that the word "shale" was crushed on the soles. This is the name of the shoes. Further, the word entered into an active vocabulary and turned into a synonym for the words "slag".
Why are the tanks so called?
When sending to the front of the first tanks, the British counterintelligence has entered the rumor that the Russian government ordered a batch of tanks for drinking water from England. And the tanks went on the railway under the guise of tanks (good, the gigantic sizes and the form of the first tanks quite fit this version). That is why tanks are so called (from English Tank - tank, tank). Interestingly, we first translated this word and called the new Magnifier "Lohan".
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What fruit was previously called a Chinese gooseberry?
The symbol of New Zealand - Kiwi fruit - brought there from China and called the Chinese gooseberry. When in the 1950s, New Zealanders began to export him to the United States, this name was unacceptable due to cold war and high duties on the berries. Then the name "Kiwifruit" was invented in honor of another symbol of the Birds of Kiwi. Since Kivifrute registered as a brand, other exporting countries call it just Kiwi.
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What word is the most capacious?
One of the most capacious and hard-selling is the word 'mamihlapinatapai' from the Yagansky language. It approximately means "look at each other in the hope that one of the two will suggest to do what both sides want to do." Interestingly, today in Chile, where the Yagansky was used, only one native speaker remained alive.
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Where did the word umbrella come from?
The word "umbrella" appeared in Russian from the Dutch precisely in this form. Already later it was perceived in the people as a diminutive-smear, and for large umbrellas began to use the word "umbrella".
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How did the word Paskvil come from?
One of the Roman statues, which was popular with the nickname Pascvino, and from the 16th century began to glue with satiir leaflets on certain individuals. From this tradition, the word "Paskvil" was born.
What city became famous for the whole world with his aromatic water?
Translated from the French cologne literally means "Cologne water", as Italian Giovanni Maria Farina (in 1709) invented him in Cologne (in 1709). In Europe, to this day, Eau de Cologne is a protected brand.
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How is the English salary with salt?
English words "Salary" (salary) and "Salad" (salad) originated from the Latin "SAL" (salt). The first word arose as the Roman soldiers issued permission to buy salt, and the second due to the fact that the Romans love to salt the greens.
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Where can I say goodbye just as greeting?
The Italian word "Chao" is used simultaneously and as "Hello", and as "goodbye". And the Polish word "Chekzch" can be said and "hello", and "while".
Where did the word Halewa come from?
Freebie was called the top of the boot. The lower part of the boot - the head - I was worn out much faster than the Golev's top. Enontending "cold shoemakers" sewed a new head to the ball. Such boots are sewn "for free" - were much cheaper than new ones.
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What word is the most difficult one?
According to the publication of the British company Today's Translations in the African Luba, there is the most difficult word in the world - Ilunga, which means: "A person ready to forgive any evil for the first time, to endure it for the second time, but not for the third time."
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Where did the word week come from?
The word "week" was previously designated Sunday - non-working day, when "not do", and then it became known as a sevenune. In many Slavic languages, this name has been preserved so far.
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Where did the tariff come from?
The word "tariff" comes from the name of a small city tariff near the Gibraltar Strait. During the rule, the Arabs were charged with all vessels held through the strait, respectively, the quality and number of cargo. Subsequently, the table for charging fees began to be applied in other countries, and the word tariff included into universal use.
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What words came up with Russian writers and poets?
Russian poets and writers have come up with a lot of new words: substance (Lomonosov), industry (Karamzin), vigorism (Saltykov-Shchedrin), dishes (Dostoevsky), latter (northerner), is an exhausted, pilot (Khlebnikov).
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Where did the word ghetto come from?
The first ghetto appeared in Venice in the 16th century, when the city council decided to settle all the city's Jews on the territory of the foundry shop (in Italian "Ghetto").
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What kind of unique insult is in Italian?
One of the strongest insults for the Italian - "Carnuto" (Cornuto). In addition, in Italian there is a special word for an even more insulting insult - "Cuckold, who knows about it" (Becco).
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How did the word hryvnia come from?
The name of the Ukrainian currency "hryvnia" comes from the decoration of gold or silver in the form of a hoop that was worn on the neck (on the "Pilot").
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Who started to wear leggings?
The leggings used to wear exclusively men, it was part of the main clothes. Initially, they were made from the skin of the moose, from where and the name.
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Where did Fiasco come from?
The Italian comedian Biankonelli decided to play in front of the public a fun pantomime with a big bottle in his hand. According to one of the versions, after it was fail, the word "Fiasco" (in Italian - "bottle") received the meaning of "acting failure", and then "failure, failure" at all.
***
Why do pants and pants in most languages \u200b\u200bexist only in a plural?
Initially, each pantna was a separate item and was attached to the top clothes with rods, so in most languages, pants and pants are noun multiple or dual numbers.
***
Who introduced a leap year?
Lecked year introduced Guy Julius Caesar. February 24 was called the "sixth day to Martam calendas", and an additional day came on the next day and became the "second sixth day", in Latin "BIS SEXTUS", from where the word "leap" occurred.
***
Why football fans scream: "Shai-bu! Shai-bu! "?
Cliche fans: "Shay-bu! Shai-bu! " You can hear both on hockey and football matches. It so happened thanks to the famous hockey player Boris Majorov, who loved to play and football and even participated in the matches of the Higher League of the USSR for Spartak. When the ball on the football field fell to the Major, the fans began to push it to the usual hockey crurch.
Wikipedia.

Material from Tolvika

• (If 30 thousand years ago, a person had an idea of \u200b\u200bMillion and wanted to portray him with the help of scubons, making one knife per minute for 8 hours a day, he would have taken about 6 years! Meeting with a number of 0, hardly who represented that This is one of the greatest discoveries! Different methods for the designation of the numbers invented by the Egyptians, the Greeks and the Romans were lack of: as the numbers increase, there were new signs. The Great Archimeda learned to call huge numbers, but he did not know how to designate them. Not enough Zero! For the first time, 0 was invented by Babylonians (two thousand years ago). But they used it only to refer to the missed discharges in the middle. Write zeros at the end of the number they did not guesses. In India, in the 19th century, Zero was joined to nine digits and There was an opportunity to denote by these ten digits any number, no matter how large it was. And the main record has become short. After this discovery, people received a mighty weapon of knowledge of nature. After all, Ye zero would not be possible many scientific achievements, such as flight flights and the invention of computers. - We are from 90.Id 048 18:53, October 24, 2012 (MSD)))
• (In Italy, except for the usual fear for Europeans in front of the number 13, the number 17 is also considered unfortunately, the possible explanation for this is still in the graves of the ancient Romans, on which there were inscriptions of the VIXI, which in translation means "I lived" or "my life" . If you express the inscription with Roman numbers, then it turns out Vi + xi \u003d 6 + 11 \u003d 17. --omega_idm2012_027 19:28, October 24, 2012 (MSD))
• (Number 13 in the lives of famous people. 1. I. V. Goethe Friday of the 13th usually spent in bed. 2. Bismarck did not put his signature on this day even under the most innocuous text. 3. When in 1965, the English Queen Elizabeth in 1965 I came to Germany, at the last moment the organizers of the trip noticed that the train arrives at the 13th path of the railway station. I had to urgently change the numbering .. 4. Most of all I was not lucky with the damn dozen Richard Vagneru - he died on February 13. Although, in general "It's, the whole life of the composer was firmly connected with this number. In the original German spelling of the name and surname, Richard Wagner's composer 13 letters. He was born in 1813, wrote 13 major works, the premiere of" Tangeizer "was held on March 13." Parsifal "Wagner finished January 13th. Sergey Korolev calmly treated 13, but for some reason I could not stand Mondays. Space ships did not fly in the Soviet Union on Mondays. 5. Napoleon never conducted battles on Friday, the 13th. More of that 13th number k Each month was for his enemies during the day without a shot. 6. There are people who believe that the number 13 brings good luck. For example, the first pilot, crossed by the Atlantic, Charles Lidberg, was actually not the first, and the 13th, who succeeded. Twelve attempts ended in a failure ... - Climb x IDM2012 041 21:12, October 25, 2012 (MSD))

• Number 42.. Mystical numbers in the history of mankind are not so much. But about the number 42 knows very few people. And it is very mystical and unusual!

In the Egyptian book of the dead, we are talking about the fact that in the mortal trial, people will need to carry the answer for their 42 mortal sins in front of 42 gods. Before you leave your body and forever stay in the Astral Buddha forty two years answered questions. Even our favorite Gogol, who loved the mystics very much, did not bypassed the party. In his story, the "nose" was needed to give the chief hero to 42 years - so he justified his elder reluctance to associate himself with the uzami marriage. The prayer "Ana Be Coach", which the Kabbalay fans know, consists of seven lines, and in each row is six words (7x6 \u003d 42). And if you fold the first letters of all these words, then the name of God will turn out. And what is interesting - to study Kabbalah begin only by the execution of 42 years. 42 looks like a symbol of the vital and creative fate of the poet A. Balmont, he was born 42 years after the Decembrists' uprising, cooperating in the anti-government magazine "Red Banner", published in Paris, he published 42 poems there. Balmont died in 1942. This number is found in the book "Alice in Wonderland" Lewis Carrolla: "At this moment, the king, who hastily wrote in his memorable book, shouted: - Silence!" The law number is forty-two! - loud He read. "To all persons growing more versts to leave the courtroom." Magnificent six IDM2012 088 13:33, October 27, 2012 (MSD)))

• Number 33.. The sacred mystical number of many spiritual traditions, including Russian ("thirty-three heroes", "thirty years and three years"). A. Olgin writes: "Some researchers find a connection of 33 letters of the alphabet with 33 vertebrae in the human spine. And even the amount of cervical (7), chest (12), lumbar (5), sacral (5) and cockery (4) are considered not simple Near the numbers. On the one hand, they correspond to certain letters of the alphabet, on the other - 7 main planets, 12 signs of the zodiac, 5 first elements in the state of Yang, 5 first elements are in a state of Yin and 4 elements - fire, air, water, land. " In many traditions, including Christian is considered a symbol of sacred age, upon achieving which the properly developing person is fully revealed by all spiritual forces and abilities. The age of Jesus Christ. - Valteline numbers idm2012 076 15:58, October 27, 2012 (MSD)
• The number 142857 is called a cyclic number. This is due to the fact that if this number is multiplied by 2, by 3, by 4, by 5, by 6, then the number composed of the same numbers, with circular permutation. You can show focus on this property. We need 2 people.

142857 * 5 = 714285

142857 * 4 = 571428

142857 * 6 = 857142

142857 * 2 = 285714

142857 * 3 = 428571

Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 are written on the maps, and are given by the second focus participant. Maps with numbers 1, 4, 2, 8, 5, 7 remain at the magician.

The number 142857 is laid out, the second participant chooses any of his card, and the magician asks to multiply 142857 by the number he pulled out. While the second participant multiplies, the magician collects cards and shifts the cards as follows: if you need to multiply the number 6, then the work should end with a twos, because 6 * 7 \u003d 42. If the deck is removed so that the twice is lower, then after disclosure, it will be the last card and the number depicted by the card coincides with the second participant's response .-- Magnificent seven IDM0004 19:28, October 27, 2012 (MSD)

• Number of beast 666 - Number of Smith, the sum of its numbers is equal to the sum of the numbers of its simple faults (2,3,3,31): 6 + 6 + 6 \u003d 2 + 3 + 3 + (3 + 7) \u003d 18.

666 equals the sum of its numbers and cubes of their digits: 6 + 6 + 6 + 216 + 216 + 216 \u003d 666. 666 You can write down nine different numbers in two ways in their increasing order and one decreasing: 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 567 + 89 \u003d 666 123 + 456 + 78 + 9 \u003d 666 9 + 87 + 6 + 543 + 21 \u003d 666 The sum of all the total from 1 to 36 inclusive - 666. This means that 666 is the 36th triangular number .-- MES IDM2012 025 21:55, October 27, 2012 (MSD)

• The pi has two unofficial holidays. The first - March 14, because this day in America is recorded as 3.14. The official celebration begins at 1:59 hours at night, so that the number 3,14159 combined with the date. The second - July 22, which in the European format is recorded 22/7, and the value of such a fraction is a rather popular approximate value of the number of PI.

The first million marks after the comma among the pi consists of: 99959 zeros, 99758 units, 100026 twists, 100229 Trok, 100230 fourth, 100359 Pyater, 99548 Sixok, 99800 seeds, 99985 octate and 100106 nine .-- Nizliki IDM2012 023 23:42, October 27, 2012 (MSD)

• In the secret doctrine of the East, it is said that with the number SEVEN The innermost of the secrets is connected. Seven is the main number of nature, man and generally being. This is the main number of cosmos.

In ancient Babylon, 7 gods were known to which the sun and the moon were counted. All the incomprehensible phenomena of nature attributed to the gods, and gradually the idea of \u200b\u200bthe gods was connected with the seven planets. Venus was considered from the Romans of the Goddess of Beauty, Mercury - the God of Commerce, Mars - the God of War, Jupiter - God-throat, and Saturn was god sowing. They began to count on them. So born a seven days week. The names of the days are associated with the names of the gods, Sunday (7 day) in the Germans - umbrella (sun day) .-- IDM2012 003 20:14, October 29, 2012 (MSK)

• The authenticity of the euro bills can be checked by its serial number and eleven digits. You need to replace the letter to its sequence number in the Latin alphabet, fold this number with the rest, then fold the figures of the result until we get one digit. If this figure is 8, then the bill is genuine. Another way to check is similar to the folding of numbers, but without a letter. The result from one letter and the figures must comply with a specific country, since the euro is printed in different countries. For example, for Germany it is X2. - I idm2012 037 17:34, October 30, 2012 (MSK)

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One. - The number 1 represents God. The Egyptians in their hymns of Amonu-RA proclaimed him "first one" or, possibly, "the only one". Pythagoreans equated a unit to the Divine, indivisible and accompanying all things. Muslims say: "He is Allah - one." Babylonians considered 1,2,6,10, 11,12 and13 unfortunate numbers.

Two. - The number 2, the perfect number, acts as a sign of duality. It was considered the source of evil and the emblem of divisible matter. This is a symbol of an uprising against unity. The Egyptians had an amulet in the form of two fingers, their country and their kingdom were also doubled. Christian priests, blessed, raise two fingers.

Three. - represented birth, life and death; beginning, middle and end; Childhood, maturity and old age. It symbolizes the trinity, so it was highly sacred. - Duty two idm2012 052 11:02, October 31, 2012 (MSK)

• The mysterious force was attributed to the number 9: in some times good, and others - unsubstantially. "Nine will not have a way," said in antiquity. The name of the picture I. Aivazovsky "The Ninth Val" reminds of the formidable forces of nature.
• These beliefs arose when the account was the number 8 , and behind him - something mysterious, strange ...
• The ancient Greeks have a good glory for this number. The jury in the Olympics consisted of the nine judgesThere were nine music - patrons of science and arts. It was an impersonation of completeness, wealth, and not something unknown, dark.
• Nine It became in numerology a symbol of material success.
• According to the ancient Greeks, the number two this is - symbol of love and impermanenceAll the time is in search of higher harmony and equilibrium. Number two - This is soft and tact, the desire to smooth sharp corners. It is located between light and darkness, good and evil, warmth and cold, wealth and poverty.
• Number of two names Symbolizes a variable character and even some kind of inner concern. It is not necessary to worry about the trifles and all insignificant reasons, it is necessary to avoid disputes and quarrels. The greatest success will bring collaboration.

• Why in a circle of 360 degrees

The history of human development knew different systems of number. In ancient Babylon invented a six-month number system. Babylonians were considered three, according to the number of joints on every finger of the left hand, that is, up to 12. Then each finger of the right hand meant 12. Thanks to this, the account continued to 60. The number 60 was in ancient Babylon ritual: there were so many gods, each of them had its own numeric designation from 1 to 60. For example, the Creator of the Universe was indicated by the number 20; God of the planet Jupiter - 11; The god of the moon is 30. The height of the golden idol installed in the Nebuchadnezzar temple was 60 elbows. It is not surprising that the number 60 has formed the basis of the ancient Calendar. Watching the features of the circular motion of the Moon and the Sun, Babylonians came to the conclusion that the year consists of 360 days. Therefore, they were divided into 360 degrees, one degree for every day. Year was divided for 12 months, because the sun is delayed in every constellation of the zodiac at about the month, and the moon moves through the sky for the month - 30 days. In one of the Babylonian temples stood the statue of God, surrounded by 360 jugs, each of which symbolized one of the days of the year. Children x IDM2012 062 22:01, November 7, 2012 (MSK)

• From the history of zero.

The word "zero" comes from the Latin word "NULLA", meaning "no" (meaningful). Greek astronomers who enjoyed sixtelethic fractions, introduced a special mark for separation of discharges, having a letter O (Oomikron, the first letter in the Greek word "ONDEN", \u200b\u200bmeaning "nothing"). In the VII century In ancient India, a decimal positioning system has already been used and zero was systematically used with it, which was indicated, as well as a circle. Some scientists believe that the circle for zero is introduced by the Greeks. Zero Indians called "Sunya", which meant "empty", in the sense of the lack of discharge among. Arabs, from which Europeans adopted a decimal number system, translated the Indian "Sunya" Arab word "AC-SIFR". That is why until the XVII century. Zero called "digit". For Europeans, Indian arithmetic and, in particular, Zero was considered at the beginning of some kind of secret. Therefore, they began to give the name "digits" or "cipher" of all the Tynopisi. Currently, zero is not just a sign for separating the discharges, and the number that can be folded. Remove, multiply and divide, like other numbers. The only restriction is to divide to zero .-- Snapped idm2012 069 22:26, \u200b\u200bNovember 7, 2012 (MSK)

• About PI

It is known that the ratio of the circumference of the circumference to the diameter cannot be accurately expressed in an integer nor, or an ordinary shot, nor the ultimate fraction. Archimedes' approximated with a disadvantage and excessive value for PI received, examining polygons inscribed in the circle and described near him with a sufficiently large number of parties. In some Asia countries, PI \u003d root (10) is encountered, i.e. 3,162 .... Astronomer Van Fan (229-267) argued that pi \u003d 142/45, i.e. 3,155 ..., and Czu Chun-Ji (428-499) spoke about the "inaccurate" value of 22/7 and about "accurate" 355/113, showing that PI is contained between 3,141,5926 and 3,1415927. Last value was recorded in the VII century. In the form of a normal number: 3 Zhana 1 Chi 4 Tsune 1 Pile 5 Lee 9 Hao 2 Miao 7 Ho. By 1963, 100,265 decimal signs of the number "PI" were found using electronic machines. The calculation of such a large number of signs for PI has no practical value, but shows only a huge advantage and perfection of modern means and calculation methods compared to the old .-- Gugol ID 068 22:59, November 7, 2012 (MSK)

Panic horror before Some numbers Tested and great people. For Sigmund Freud was such a number 62 . The founder of psychoanalysis was so afraid of this combination of numbers, which preferred to stop only in small hotels, in which no more than 61 rooms, so that he would even accidentally get a room with an ill-fated number. And composer Arnold Schonberg, afraid "Damn Sumy"This is the most "dozen" And destroyed. He died at 76 years old, which, according to his personal astrologer, was fatal for Schönberg, since numbers in total were 13 . And the composer died on Friday, the 13th

The most difficult languages

The greatest number of verb forms (about 6000) exists in the North American Indian Indians of Chippev; In another language of Aboriginal North America - Hyde - 70 prefixes are used; In Tabasaran language (Dagestan) there are 48 cases of nouns, while Eskimo language has 63 forms of present, and simple nouns in this language have 252 flexions.

In the 40-volume dictionary of the Chinese language "Zhong - Wen Damzidian" contains 49.905 hieroglyphs. The "I" phoneme in the 4th tone has 84 values, for example, such as "clothing", "IKOT", "luxury". In a written language, there are 92 hieroglyph to designate the "I" syllable in the 4th tone. The most difficult is the hieroglyph "CE" - "Cattle", consisting of 64 traits. Of which currently the most complex is the hieroglyph "NAN". It contains 36 devil and means "laid nose".

Irregular Verbs

In Turkish, one incorrect verb - Olmak ("be"). In English, 283, and in Esperanto, not one.

Rare and common sounds

The most rare is the "Rzhshch" sound in Czech, which is found only in very few languages \u200b\u200band is the last sound, assimilated by Czech children.

In South Bushman, there is a click sound. On the letter, it is depicted by a special sign. The sound of "L" in the Arab Word "Allah" in some contexts is pronounced inherent in this language. The most common is vowel "A". There is no language in which there would be no vowel.

Great polyglots

(experts of foreign languages)

The greatest polyglots in history are the Italian Cardinal Metzco Fantas (1774-1849), who owned 26 or 27 languages, Professor Raek (1787-1832) from Denmark, Sir John Bauring (1792-1872) and Dr. Harold William from New Zealand (1876-1928) , owned 28 languages \u200b\u200beach.

Powell Alexander Dzhanulus (born in 1939), who worked in the court of the Canadian province British Columbia, used 41. In the second half of the 20th century in the UK, George Campbell (born on August 9, 1912) on the BBC broadcasting worked with 54 languages.

The most ancient alphabet

The earliest sample of the alphabetical letter was found in Ugarite (now Ras-Sharma, Syria). It dates back to about 1450 BC. And it is a clay plate with 32 wedge-shaped letters applied to it.

The most ancient letter

The most ancient letter "O" remained unchanged in the same form, in which it was adopted in the Phoenician alphabet (about 1300 BC). Currently, 65 alphabets are used.

The longest and shortest alphabets

The greatest number of letters - 72 is contained in the Khmer alphabet, the smallest - 10 (A, B, E, G, I, K, O, P, T, U) - in the Rotockas language from the island of Bougainville (Papua - New Guinea). In the Hawaiian alphabet of 12 letters.

The greatest and least amount of consonants

The greatest number of consonants (80-85) is contained in the Ubeby language (the Abkhaz-Adyg group of the Caucasian family), the smallest - 6 - in the Rotokas language.

The greatest and smallest number of vowels

The largest number of vowels (55) is contained in Sedanga (Central Vietnam), the smallest - in the Abkhaz, in which there is only 2 voice letters.

The biggest letters

The largest in the world are the 183-meter letters that form the inscription READYMIX ("Ready concrete") laid out on Earth in Eastern Baladonia (Western Australia) in December 1971. Attention attracts both famous letters on the slopes of American Hollywood.

And you knew that ...

The most capacious on earth is considered "Mamichlapinatean", which means "to look at each other in the hope that anyone will agree to do what both parties wish, but do not want to do";

In Arabic, 28 letters, which at the end of the word are written differently than in the middle; In Jewish - 5 such letters, in Greek - one, and in the rest of the European languages \u200b\u200bthere are no such letters;

The inhabitants of Papua New Guinea talk almost 700 languages \u200b\u200b(this is about 15 percent of all languages \u200b\u200bof the world). Among these languages \u200b\u200bthere are many local dialects used to communicate people between the villages;

The names of the zodiac signs in Latin, translated into Russian, sound like this: Aquarius - Aqua Rius, Pisces - Pister, Aries - Arises, Taurus - Tavrus, Gemini - Gemini, Cancer - Kangzer, Lev - Leo, Virgo, Virgo, Scales - Libra, Scorpio - Scorpius, Sagittarius - Sagittarius, Capricorn - Caprikornus;

On the African continent more than 1 LLC of different languages. And the tongue of Berber in North Africa does not even have a written form;

The names of the days of the week near the blacks of the Akan tribe are pronounced as (respectively): Juda, Bended, Munuda, Yayud, Fidida, Meneneda and Kvasid;

The word "launch" in the Russian language introduced the poet Igor Northerner;

In ancient Egypt, Apricot was called the "Sunny Egg";

In the Philippine "Hi" will sound like "Mabukhai";