Frenkel Karina, Orekhov Egor, Frolkin Roman
Literary places in two parts
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Research on the topic “Literary places of the Odintsovo region”. Completed by: students of grade 4 “B” of secondary school No. 17 UIOP Frenkel Karina Orekhov Egor Frolkin Roman Scientific supervisor: Shuvaeva Olga Semenovna Primary school teacher. Odintsovo 2013
“I see my village, My Zakharovo; It is reflected with fences in the wavy river, with a bridge and a shady grove, reflected in the Mirror of waters.” A.S. Pushkin
The goal of our work is to arouse interest in native places and renew love for the cultural heritage of the region; promote the development of moral qualities in people; develop the ability to analyze, compare, contrast, generalize, and draw conclusions. Hypothesis We believe that every generation is obliged to know and preserve its cultural heritage. Full development of personality is impossible without the ability to perceive the beauty of cultural creations. Object of study Literary places of the Odintsovo district.
The objectives of the study are to analyze the influence of Odintsovo land and its nature on the work of great writers; - learn to see the individuality of the talent of each of the writers whose work we became acquainted with; - understand the relationship of cultural heritage with the current generation. Research methods 1. Study of Internet sources. 2. Study of literature. 3. Visiting historical places and museums associated with writers. 4. Conducting a questionnaire. Analysis. 5. Development of the excursion route. 6.Publishing guidebooks and creating a literary map of the Odintsovo region. 7. Conducting excursions to literary places.
Introduction The fate of some corners of our country is amazing and beautiful! They preserve the memory of significant events in history and culture and, of course, about the people who lived and worked there. The Moscow region is rich in such places. Next slide
Protected places of the Odintsovo district But we, as residents of the city of Odintsovo, became interested in knowing what our Odintsovo land is famous for. After visiting with the class such protected areas as Bolshiye Vyazemy, Golitsyno and Zakharovo (places that preserved the memory of A.S. Pushkin) and the Prishvin house-museum in the village of Dunino, we wondered which other famous writers and poets were connected by fate with the land we live on? And we decided to start researching this topic.
Getting to know the literary places of the Odintsovo district. We wondered how familiar the people of our region are with the cultural history of their native places, and do they know living literary figures? To understand this, we decided to conduct a survey. We have produced maps of the Odintsovo district with marked names of places associated with certain writers. And they asked adults and children to answer the question: what are these places known for? To our surprise, we found that 90% did not know the literary places in our area.
Map of Odintsovo district
RESEARCH RESULTS This gave us reason and confidence that our work is not useless and interesting. It will help educate people on this issue or remind them of the wonderful corners of our region, which in turn can arouse their interest and even pride in our history, culture and Earth. After all, it turns out that it is these places in the Odintsovo district that preserve the memory and atmosphere of the most wonderful famous and talented people.
For a long time, Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy lived at his dacha in Barvikha. In 1942, he wrote his war stories here: “Mother and Daughter”, “Katya”, “Stories of Ivan Sudarev”. Here he began the third book of the novel “Walking Through Torment”, and at the end of 1943 he worked on the third part of the novel “Peter I”. After staying at the Barvikha sanatorium, Samuil Marshak left us the following humorous poems: “In the silence of the Barvikha forest, The Afghan princess, Paul Robeson and the horned elk walk along the paths at random.”
Golitsyno Many famous writers in the 30s chose Golitsyno as their place of creativity. Here, over the years, Maria Aliger, Konstantin Paustovsky, Marietta Shaginyan, Alexander Malyshkin, Arkady Gaidar, Musa Jalil, Mate Zalka, Konstantin Trenev, Alexander Fadeev, Alexander Tvardovsky, Valentin Kataev rested and created their works. In the summer of 1937, after returning from emigration, the famous Russian writer Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin lived here. In the fall of 1939 and winter of 1940, after a seventeen-year separation from her homeland, Marina Tsvetaeva lived in Golitsyn with her son Georgy.
In 1934, on the advice of Maxim Gorky, the government allocated the estate’s lands for the construction of a writers’ town on the basis of free and perpetual use. Everything related to the writers' town was entrusted to the supervision of the USSR Literary Fund. Over the course of several years, 50 two-story wooden dachas were built according to German designs. The first inhabitants of Peredelkino dachas were Alexander Serafimovich, Leonid Leonov, Lev Kamenev, Isaac Babel, Ilya Erenburg, Boris Pilnyak, Vsevolod Ivanov, Lev Kassil, Boris Pasternak, Ilya Ilf, Evgeny Petrov.
In order for our research to truly contribute to the cultural development of the current generation, we decided to develop a series of excursions to the literary places of the Odintsovo district. In our opinion, these excursions will be available to students from our school, as well as children from other schools and even districts. We want to start a joint exchange of research results or products and creative collaboration. The first sightseeing tour took place along the route Bolshiye Vyazemy - Zakharovo - Dunino - Peredelkino. Excursion to literary places.
We started our excursion with one of the youngest Pushkin museums today in two estates near Moscow: in the village of Zakharovo and in Bolshie Vyazemy. And it is located near the Golitsyno station along the Old Smolensk Road. Pushkinskoe Zakharovo is the cradle of his childhood; it was for the great poet that the path to an early rapprochement with folk customs and techniques. Zakharovo was for Pushkin, a child, the first long meeting with the eternally beautiful nature, imbued with the Russian spirit. This was the place where he first heard Russian folk songs, saw festive round dances, and enthusiastically played with peasant children. The owner of the estate is the maternal grandmother, Maria Alekseevna Hannibal, the boy’s first true teacher. She has A.S. Pushkin studied Russian literacy and the living, figurative Russian language. Bolshie Vyazemy - Zakharovo - the cradle of A.S. Pushkin.
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“I love to hear good things about my relatives from my Moscow grandmother...” If the grandmother told her grandson about the past, then her beloved nanny Arina Rodionovna, who kept “a lot of old stories and fables,” entertained the boy with wonderful fairy tales, and the boy met them in Zakharovo.
The enormous role that Zakharovo and Vyazema played in the poet’s childhood impressions was convincingly shown by Pushkin himself, who included the realities of these places in his literary works. “Dubrovsky”, “The History of the Village of Goryukhina”, “The Young Lady-Peasant Woman”, “The Queen of Spades” (the prototype of which was Princess N.P. Golitsyna herself), “Boris Godunov”. The expositions and exhibitions of the Museum-Reserve, which has become a prominent scientific and cultural center of the western Moscow region, tell about all this.
Next we went to the village of Dunino, where Prishvin M.M. spent the last eight years of his life. By his own admission, these were the happiest years. If nature could feel gratitude to a person for penetrating her life and singing her praises, then first of all this gratitude would fall to the lot of Mikhail Prishvin. It was in Dunino that he lived in unity with nature, which he felt and understood so much next to his loved one - his wife Valeria Dmitrievna. Prishvinskoe Dunino
In the Dunino estate everything is as before under him, half a century ago. Everything is so not like a museum, it’s warm and cozy for the soul, as if the good old owner himself was visiting, who brought his granddaughter “fox” bread from the forest. He always perceived creativity as a path to joy. He got up before dark and loved the pre-dawn hours most of all, considering them the most important in a person’s life. Wherever he was - in the forest, on the river, on the road - he always had a notebook and a stub of pencil in his pocket. And his favorite workplace is a tree stump.
The last stop on our excursion was the house-museum of Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky. There are writers who were greatly influenced by the place where they lived. But with Chukovsky it’s the other way around. The presence of this man himself brought a unique flavor to these places. The feeling that everything and everyone revolved around K.I. Chukovsky. He was always surrounded by children: he played various games with them near his dacha, built various fortresses with them, and lit a fire in the forest, which has become a traditional holiday for children to this day. The entrance fee was 10 cones.
House-Museum of Chukovsky K.I. in Peredelkino is so alive that you get the feeling that the owner himself is about to come out to meet you. The first thing that delights you is the “miracle tree” on which real shoes grow. Chukovsky K. also built and opened a children’s library, which is still in use.
Conclusion In conclusion, we want to say that the excursion we developed was the product of our research work. But we would not want to dwell on this and plan to continue researching this topic. We are also ready to offer the following excursion to the house-museums of such literary figures as Pasternak, Yevtushenko and B. Okudzhava. After all, when there is a desire to delve into something new, you always discover for yourself another page of something delightful, instructive and still unknown. This happened to us too. We couldn’t even imagine that on Odintsovo land and within its region there are so many historical and literary places associated with the most famous and unforgettable names.
Eduard Asadov “My friend! Both near and at any distance, remember a good, sonorous word: There is a city under the sky of the Moscow land With a lyrical name - Odintsovo. Only a person who is sincerely attached to his small homeland, who knows this area inside and out, can write poems about the city of Odintsovo.
Odintsovo, Odintsovo, Moscow Region, exemplary - Our city is famous for its beauty! Odintsovo, Odintsovo, This kind word rings like a bell in the heart!!! Since then, glorious years have flown over Russia like birds. At the foot of the mother capital, New cities were born. Like a flower that fell from the sky, onto oak groves, groves and fields. Our wonderful Odintsovo has grown - Ancient Moscow land!
We were born in Odintsovo and grew up. And we are interested in everything connected with our native land. We believe that people should know as much as possible about their small homeland and think about its future. We don’t yet know how our future life will turn out, whether it will be connected with the city. But we are proud and love our native land very much, we feel a connection with our native land! But………This is another page of our future research, another excursion that we will definitely create. See you soon!
In this presentation I will talk about literary places in Russia, that is, places associated with childhood or the life of great poets, creators, etc...
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Presentation: Literary places in Russia Completed by: Student 6 “B” class Arina Agadzhanyan
A. S. Pushkin Tsarskoye Selo (Now the city of Pushkin near St. Petersburg) Wherever fate throws us And happiness wherever it leads, We are still the same: the whole world is foreign to us; Our Fatherland is Tsarskoe Selo... - wrote A.S. Pushkin, paying tribute to the grateful memory of the place where he became a poet.
Tsarskoye Selo. Lyceum In 1811, the Lyceum, a privileged closed institution for children from upper-class families, was opened in Tsarskoye Selo, the summer residence of the Russian emperors. The purpose of the Lyceum is “the education of young men, especially those destined for important parts of the public service.” The training lasted for six years. The Lyceum program included Russian literature, history, foreign languages, geography, political-moral and physical-mathematical sciences, drawing, music, physical exercises (fencing, swimming, horse riding). The students read a lot, the Lyceum library received all the magazines and newspapers published in Russia. Lyceum students were aware of the latest literary novelties. They discussed what they read lively and emotionally. The lyceum students of the first graduating class were united by that high feeling of selfless, devoted friendship, which the poet called “lyceum brotherhood.” Pushkin was most friendly with Ivan Pushchin, Anton Delvig, and Wilhelm Kuchelbecker. The talent of the young poet was beneficially developed at the Lyceum. As he himself recalled: Near the waters, shining in silence, the muse began to appear to me. Pushkin at the Lyceum Act. Artist I. Repin. 1911 Here Pushkin wrote more than 120 poems and began work on the poem “Ruslan and Lyudmila”.
F. I. Tyutchev Ovstug (Zhukovsky district, Bryansk region) Ovstug is the estate of the parents of F. I. Tyutchev, Ivan Nikolaevich and Ekaterina Lvovna.
N. A. Nekrasov Village of Karabikha (Yaroslavl region) Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov spent his childhood and youth on the banks of the Volga, on his parental estate Greshnevo, in the Yaroslavl province. Many years later, having become a famous poet, Nekrasov repeatedly visits his native places; they are forever captured in his poems.
N. S. Leskov City of Orel N. S. Leskov’s childhood and youth are connected with the Oryol region and the provincial city of Orel itself.
Museum of N. S. Leskov Visitors to the house-museum of N. S. Leskov in Orel have the opportunity to get acquainted with the creative biography of the writer, the world of the works and heroes of the writer, who created a wonderful gallery of positive types of Russian people. The museum's exhibition includes the writer's manuscripts, lifetime editions of his works, numerous photographs depicting various stages of the writer's life, his environment, books from N. S. Leskov's personal library with his notes and comments in the margins. In 2017 they promise to restore the Nikolai Leskov Museum
A.S. Pushkin Mikhailovskoye (Pskov region) Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin was associated with his mother’s estate in the village of Mikhailovsky in the Pskov province throughout his entire mature life - from 1817 to 1836. ...In different years I appeared under your canopy, Mikhailovsky groves; when you saw me for the first time, then I was a Cheerful youth, carelessly, greedily I began to live; The years have flown by, and you have received in me
Literary places associated with the name of the poet A. S. Pushkin - the poet’s grave, which is located in the Svyatogorsk Monastery; - Pushkin Lyceum in Tsarskoe Selo, located in the wing of the Catherine Palace. On the fourth floor, in room 14, young Alexander Sergeevich lived; - a monument to Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin in St. Petersburg on the Arts Square.
Moscow. State Museum of V.V. Mayakovsky This museum is located in the very center of the capital. It was opened on the occasion of Mayakovsky’s 100th anniversary and represents a kind of projection of the life and creative path of the poet and writer. This is a house with four floors (Vladimir Vladimirovich himself lived on the top floor).
Literary places in Russia are an object of pilgrimage for many admirers of the talent of famous poets and writers. Where, if not here, do you imbue with the spirit of their works and begin to understand your favorite literary figure? Particularly important are excursions to literary places in Russia, where writers and poets spent their childhood and youth. After all, this is the cradle of the formation of their talent, worldview and attitude, which are reflected in subsequent creativity. Such are, for example, the family estates of L. N. Tolstoy, I. S. Turgenev, N. A. Nekrasov.
Tsarskoye Selo can be called a real forge of talents of the 19th century. It was from under the wing of this educational institution that A. S. Pushkin, V. K. Kuchelbecker, M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin and many other politicians and artists came out.
Founded in 1811 by order of Alexander I, the lyceum was supposed to prepare the elite of the future Russian society. During six years of study, young people received an excellent education, equal to a university one.
Of course, the most famous student that Tsarskoye Selo knew was A.S. Pushkin. It was here that he began to write poems, still imitating Zhukovsky, Batyushkov and the French romantic poets. And at the same time, the originality of the future genius is already revealed here.
The period of study is associated with another significant event in the life of the poet. It was at this time that his first short work, “To a Friend the Poet,” was published. Graduates always remembered their years of study with warmth and sincerely worried about the fate of their favorite institution.
At the moment, the Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum is an active institution where you can see with your own eyes the poet’s room (he called it a cell), as well as a place of study and final exam, where Pushkin amazed eminent teachers with his talent.
I would like to tell you about two more places associated with the genius of Pushkin. The first is Mikhailovskoye. This is the family estate of the poet’s mother, erected by his grandfather Hannibal on Pskov land.
Connoisseurs of Pushkin’s work, and even just readers, having been here, note that the nature paintings of many works seem to have been copied by the artist’s skillful hand from these places. The poet first became acquainted with the measured village life immediately after graduating from the Lyceum, in 1817. Pushkin is immediately fascinated by the beauty of the world around him and the dimension that reigns here.
Even after his hated exile, Pushkin returns here again and again for inspiration, because it is in Mikhailovsky that he especially feels his poetic gift. The last visit to the estate is connected with a tragic event - the funeral of his mother, and a few months after that the poet himself dies in a duel.
His grave is also located here, in Mikhailovskoye.
Boldino autumn... This period of Pushkin’s life was marked by an unprecedented creative upsurge, which he felt while staying in Boldino, the family estate. His forced trip on the eve of his wedding with Natalya Goncharova was delayed due to the cholera epidemic that raged in St. Petersburg. Inspired by his future family life, the poet is at the highest peak of inspiration. Here he finishes “Eugene Onegin”, writes most of the “Little Tragedies”, “The Tale of the Priest and His Worker Balda”, as well as “Belkin’s Tale”.
These literary places in Russia are a must-see for everyone who admires the genius of the great Pushkin.
There are places in Russia that are inextricably linked with the life and work of another outstanding poet of the 19th century - M. Yu. Lermontov.
First of all, this is the Caucasian resort city of Pyatigorsk. This place played a vital role in the poet’s life. Lermontov's first acquaintance with Pyatigorsk occurred as a child - it was here that his grandmother brought him to improve his health, because the future poet grew up as a very sick child. Lermontov was very impressed. Since childhood, he was also gifted in the field of drawing. His brush produced many picturesque watercolors depicting mountain landscapes.
To this day, there are hot baths in Pyatigorsk, where the poet was treated. His observations of the so-called “water society” were reflected in the story “Princess Mary”.
The young officer’s further service is also connected with the Caucasus. This is where Lermontov met his death. By chance, a tragedy occurred in Pyatigorsk. Deciding to finish his service, he goes to the Caucasus for the last time, renting a small house with his uncle.
Here they stay for treatment on the waters. On July 27, 1841, a death happened to an old acquaintance, Martynov. Here, near Mount Mashuk, the poet was buried, but after 8 months his ashes were transported to the family crypt - M. Yu. Lermontov still rests there. Russia has lost another brilliant poet.
It should be said that in Pyatigorsk the memory of the poet is sacredly revered. The place of his last stay, the house where the quarrel with Martynov took place, the place of the duel and the initial burial of Lermontov are places that guests of the city must visit.
The Tarkhany Museum-Reserve is another place that is inextricably linked with M. Yu. Lermontov. He spent his childhood in this estate. Here, the life of a noble family of the 19th century is recreated with documentary accuracy.
In addition to the manor house, the House of the Keykeeper and the People's Izba are open to visitors. Visitors can also pay tribute to the poet in the family crypt, where he is buried, and in the chapel.
The museum-reserve leads a very active cultural life: competitions and festivals dedicated to the poet are constantly organized. The Lermontov holiday, which takes place here on the first weekend of July, has become traditional.
Many Russian poets and writers become more understandable if you discover their everyday life, and even better, the conditions in which they spent their childhood. N.A. Nekrasov is no exception in this regard. We know from the school literature course that it was children’s observations of the difficult life of serfs that largely determined the direction of the poet’s work.
The house-museum of N. A. Nekrasov is the place where the poet rested his soul from city life, hunted and received inspiration for new works.
It is located in Chudovo and is part of a large complex of the reserve of the same name. It was here that the famous “Monster cycle”, 11 brilliant poems, was written. As a rule, Nekrasov hunted in these places. Here, the already seriously ill poet finishes his great work - the poem “Who Lives Well in Rus'.”
At the moment, the house-museum is a hunting lodge, in which, in addition to the rooms of the poet and his wife, there is a dining room, an office, and guest rooms. By the way, there were quite a few of the latter here - many literary figures came here to hunt with Nekrasov: Saltykov-Shchedrin and Pleshcheev, Mikhailovsky and Uspensky. The building of the agricultural school is also presented to visitors.
The house museum often hosts exhibitions and programs for visitors of various ages.
Tyutchev's ancestral house-museum belonged to the poet's family long before his birth: in the middle of the 18th century, the poet's grandfather began building an estate on the lands that he received as a dowry after the wedding.
The poet's father, having received inheritance rights, begins to expand the house. Soon a luxurious estate in the spirit of classicism with a manor house decorated with columns and an outbuilding grows here. Situated on the river bank, it has its own island with a gazebo. This place becomes for Tyutchev a source of not only vitality, but also inspiration. The poet, praising nature in all its diversity, copied pictures from these very places - they were so memorable to his soul.
Unfortunately, the estate was not given due attention, and it fell into disrepair, but gradual reconstruction is underway. If initially excursions to these literary places in Russia were limited only to the rural school, now they cover the guest wing, as well as the church. Visitors can also see a recreated mill, a gazebo on the island and luxurious
When listing literary places in Russia, it is worth mentioning those that are associated with the activities of Peredelkino, first of all. This place is the center of the dachas of the entire literary elite of the 20th century.
The idea of building a village where Russian writers would rest, live and create belonged to M. Gorky. It was he who procured this plot of land in 1934 for these purposes. In a fairly short time, the first 50 houses were built. Among their residents were A. Serafimovich, L. Kassil, B. Pasternak, I. Ilf, I. Babel.
Many post-war writers also built dachas: V. Kataev, B. Okudzhava, E. Yevtushenko, and here K. Chukovsky writes his wonderful fairy tales for the local children.
On the territory of the village there is a House of Writers' Creativity; among the existing museums one can note the houses of B. Pasternak, K. Chukovsky, B. Okudzhava, E. Yevtushenko. Many writers and poets found their final refuge here.
budgetary educational institution of the city of Omsk