Column of the Department of Radioelectronic Industry. Domestic microelectronics: no demand, no foreign investment, populated by imported chips Three years ago I was a big skeptic about creating production at Micron
Today, March 15, 2016, in Moscow, at the Crocus Expo IEC, the 19th International Exhibition "ExpoElectronics" and the 14th International Exhibition opened "ElectronTechExpo".
"ExpoElectronics" is the largest international exhibition of electronic components, modules and components in Russia and Eastern Europe in terms of quantity and the most representative in terms of participants; winner of the title “Best Exhibition in Russia” on the topic “Electronics and Components” in all nominations according to the All-Russian Exhibition Rating.
"ElectronTechExpo" is the only international exhibition in Russia of technologies, equipment and materials for the production of products in the electronic and electrical industry.
The opening ceremony of the exhibitions was attended by:
Pavel Pavlovich Kutsko, Deputy Director of the Department of Radioelectronic Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation
Maxim Valerievich Grishin, head of department of the federal state budgetary institution "46th Central Research Institute" of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
Alexey Vladimirovich Kondratiev, Advisor to the Chairman of the Commission on the Military-Industrial Complex of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs
Arseniy Valerievich Brykin, Deputy General Director of the Ruselectronics holding company
Victoria Andreevna Shelepova, technical director of the company "RT-INFORM"
Alexey Vladimirovich Gostomelsky, Managing Director of the Department for Implementing the Strategy for Infrastructure Development and Engineering Companies of the Fund for Infrastructure and Educational Programs of the State Corporation Rusnano
Alexander Nikolaevich Polyakov, Head of the Directorate for Development and Control of Cooperation at Defense Systems Company
Alex Chen, Director of the Economic Department of the Moscow-Taipei Coordination Commission for Economic and Cultural Cooperation
Boris Nikolaevich Avdonin, Advisor to the General Director of the Central Research Institute of Electronics
Alexander Sergeevich Kurlyandsky, General Director of Elint SP company
Irina Anatolyevna Lyubina, General Director of the Primexpo company
The business program of the exhibitions was opened by a round table “Radio-electronic industry: course towards import substitution. Problems and prospects for the development of electronic components". The event participants discussed the formation of unified approaches to the implementation of the tasks of import substitution and unification of electronic components and electronic equipment; from port substitution of housings for microelectronics products, semiconductor, power and microwave electronics; possibilities of university science in the field of microwave base; approaches to organizing work on import substitution under conditions of restrictions on the choice of domestic electronic components and many others.
In 2016, the exhibition area is more than 17,500 square meters. m. More than 400 companies from Belarus, Belgium, Hungary, Great Britain, Germany, Israel, Italy, China, Latvia, Norway, Russia, Singapore, USA, Taiwan, France, Czech Republic take part in the exhibitions , Switzerland, Sweden, Japan . Among the domestic participants of the ExpoElectronics exhibition are the joint expositions of the enterprises of the Department of Radioelectronic Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, the State Corporation Rostec and Rusnano, and the Moscow Municipal Enterprise Zelenograd Development Corporation.
Holding international exhibitions "ExpoElectronics" and "ElectronTechExpo" contributes to the development of the electronics industry, improving the quality and competitiveness of products of domestic enterprises, creating conditions for scientific and technological breakthroughs in Russian industry and, ultimately, strengthening the Russian economy.
The organizer is the PRIMEXPO company, part of the ITE Group of Companies.
285004/07/2014, Mon, 17:04, Moscow time , Text: Maria Kolomychenko
The Ministry of Industry and Trade has appointed a new head of the radio-electronic industry department. The previous director of the department, Alexander Yakunin, according to CNews, will head a new holding within Rostec, created from defense radio-electronic concerns.Department of Radioelectronic Industry (REP) of the Ministry of Industry and Trade headed Sergey Khokhlov, a representative of the Ministry of Industry and Trade told CNews, noting that changes in the leadership of the department are associated with the transition of the previous director Alexandra Yakunina to a new place of work.
The REP Department is engaged in the formation of state policy in the field of the electronics industry, the communications industry, and the radio industry. The department's tasks include the development of draft strategies and federal target programs for the development of these industries, as well as the distribution of funds allocated for R&D.
Sergei Khokhlov was previously deputy head of the electronics and electronics department, and before that he worked as a leading adviser to the Ministry of Industry and Trade. For a long time Khokhlov worked under the leadership Yuri Borisov, former Deputy Minister of Industry and head of the Department of Electronic Economics. Borisov was then appointed deputy chairman of the military-industrial commission, and in 2012 became deputy minister of defense.
During 2011, Khokhlov, along with Yakunin, also served on the board of directors of the state corporation “Management Systems” (Yakunin is still on the board of directors).
“The appointment of Khokhlov to the post of head of the electronic electronics department may indicate the strengthening of the connection between the electronics industry and the military-industrial complex, which, firstly, is completely in line with our political activity, and secondly, is fully consistent with the “historical” specialization of many industry enterprises in space and Military-industrial complex,” says a CNews interlocutor familiar with the activities of the REP department.
At the same time, Alexander Yakunin, as reported in the Ministry of Industry and Trade, is no longer an employee of the ministry. Two sources told CNews at once that Yakunin will head the new holding of the Rostec state corporation, which will be created from four large defense enterprises: the Avtomatika, Vega, Sozvezdie concerns and the Control Systems company. The latter, we recall, was founded in 2013 by the founder of Technoserv. Alexey Ananyev.
In January 2014 President of Russia Vladimir Putin signed a decree on the transfer of 100% of the shares of these concerns to the Rostec state corporation. In addition, the president ordered the inclusion of 53 open joint-stock companies, whose shares were previously in federal ownership, into these concerns.
According to the document, this was done “in order to improve the efficiency of the state corporation’s activities to promote the development, production and export of high-tech industrial products of Rostec and to improve the management system of radio-electronic industry organizations.”
A few days after the president signed the decree, the CEO of Rostec Sergey Chemezov stated that four defense concerns transferred to the state corporation could be merged into one holding company.
Representatives of Rostec refused to confirm or deny the information about the appointment of Alexander Yakunin to the position of general director of the holding being created, saying that the decision on the appointment has not yet been signed by Chemezov.
At the same time, Yakunin worked at Rostec before - before moving to the Ministry of Industry and Trade, he headed the department of the radio-electronic complex of the state corporation.
At the June conference SEMICON Russia 2013, dedicated to the microelectronics market and held in Zelenograd, key players in this market, including representatives of government agencies, science, industry and innovative business, discussed pressing problems facing the industry and ways to solve them.
New state program
Pavel Kutsko, Deputy Director of the Electronic Industry Department of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation, presented a new program for the development of the radio-electronic industry (REI) for 2013-2025, the goal of which is to increase the competitiveness of the industry by creating infrastructure for the development of priority areas, integration into the international market and the realization of innovative potential.
He optimistically stated that after a long crisis, Russian microelectronics is being revived again, facilitated by key trends affecting the industry: the dynamic growth of electronic products, high growth rates of radio electronics in the structure of the country's economy, rising prices for manufacturing, which can become a source of jobs with the highest productivity labor. At the same time, the microelectronics segment determines the effectiveness of other industries and solving social problems.
The state program for the development of electronic energy production has three stages. At the first stage (2013-2015), it is planned to create conditions for the development of the industry; in the second (2016-2020) - active assistance in the launch of new projects begins; in the third (2021–2025), a transition is made to supporting production growth. The implementation of all three stages involves coordination with national innovation development centers: Skolkovo, Rusnano, VEB.
The program includes such trends as a consistent reduction in government funding, an increase in private investment, the implementation of cluster policy, a focus on small and medium-sized enterprises, and the creation of a competitive environment. The industry development strategy, which, according to Pavel Kutsko, is being approved by the government, takes into account trends in global microelectronics and conditions in Russia, its intellectual potential.
The total budget for financing the state program of electronic economic activity for 2013-25. will amount to 517 billion rubles. (without defense industry), 178 billion rubles are allocated from the federal budget. In the microelectronics segment, it is planned to reduce government funding from 19 billion rubles. in 2013 to 11 billion rubles. in 2025. At the same time, the volume of microelectronics production is expected to increase due to private investment from 30 billion rubles. next year up to 45 billion rubles. in 2025.
Nikolai Lisai, director of business development at Angstrem, believes that “the microelectronics industry is a very sensitive industry, closely related to the interests of the state - policy, strategy, relevant programs, which is generally important for the development of Russia.” Therefore, the presented state program and the topic of development strategy raised in the speech of the representative of the Ministry of Industry and Trade play such a significant role. According to him, “this is a very pressing issue, because without a clear plan and strategy, it is unclear how and where to move.”
According to Frost & Sullivan, the global semiconductor market was worth $320.4 billion last year. According to an IHS iSuppli report, the global semiconductor market declined by 2.3% to $303 billion in 2012 due to unstable economic conditions. conditions in some regions and as a result of weakening consumer demand for electronics. According to analysts, the situation will stabilize this year; The volume of this market is expected to increase to $322 billion, an increase of 6.4%.
“Today, the global electronics industry has reached near the bottom of a three-year recession. Taking into account the cyclical nature of the industry of approximately five to eight years, we can say with a certain degree of confidence that the next two years will be the most favorable for the beginning of its revival in Russia,” said Ankit Shukla, director of the technology research practice at Frost & Sullivan.
Market
Nikolai Lisai believes that the lack of publicly available statistics on the pace of development of the domestic microelectronics market is one of the problems that has a negative impact on its development. Since the times of the USSR, it remains, in his opinion, closed: it is quite difficult to obtain reliable information on it, find out about manufactured products, etc. Not all companies publish data on their activities, limiting themselves to general words, while there are many open publications on this topic on the Western market. “For me, understanding what the Russian market is every time is sheer torment. So, while in Moscow, I managed to find some official data on this topic only on the Internet in the CIA World Factbook (The World Factbook - an almanac-style book about the countries of the world published annually by the US Central Intelligence Agency), but in our country this turned out to be impossible “, he explained.
Most forum participants are confident that the key problem holding back the development of domestic microelectronics is the country’s narrow domestic market, which has, moreover, been occupied for decades by foreign electronic giants, which are not at all easy to displace.
“Without access to the foreign market, it will be difficult to resolve issues of attracting private capital. The Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Government of the Russian Federation are working in these areas,” said Pavel Kutsko.
Alain Astier, vice president of STMicroelectronics, believes that the market in Russia is too small, but there is potential for its development, which is difficult to realize, since Russia does not have a general strategy for implementing innovative solutions. This is a limiting factor for the development of microelectronics.
Nikolai Lisai agrees with his colleagues that the country’s microelectronics should enter world markets, since the domestic one is small. And the main thing here is to find a niche, ensure quality, rhythm of product deliveries, etc. “But we are very far from understanding how to enter world markets and how they work,” he believes, “how to present a brand, guarantee quality, timely deliveries etc. is not an easy task. This is one of the areas for Russia’s resurgent microelectronics that needs to be mastered.”
Alain Astier believes that the market in Russia is not only very small, but also heavily occupied by suppliers of foreign components who have been present here for decades.
Nikolai Shelepin, deputy general designer of Mikron and NIIME, is confident that the domestic manufacturer of electronic components (EC) will face tough competition when trying to enter this small market. For example, when supplying transport electronic components to the metro, “we are faced with fierce competition, and not always fair.” He believes that the industry must first of all make domestic electronic components competitive by reducing their production costs (bearing in mind that prices for silicon wafers are the same all over the world), and to improve the technical characteristics of electronic components, use the intellectual potential of specialists.
Forum participants noted that investments in Russia are too small. And Nikolai Shelepin spoke more harshly: “Under what conditions do we want to develop our market? All companies want to cooperate with us, but... for our money. We don’t see any foreign investment in our electronics.”
In his opinion, only one precedent can be cited here: a long time ago, Philips built a plant in Voronezh for the production of picture tubes and televisions and then left from there, since business in the country did not take place.
Priority Segments
The Ministry of Industry and Trade believes that when implementing the state program for the development of electronic electronics, it will be necessary to focus on priority segments: energy efficient systems, the automotive industry, medicine, security, industrial electronics. Russian enterprises in these segments have a backlog of technologies, production and intellectual potential, Mr. Kutsko believes. Production of key electronic components (EC) is planned.
According to Frost & Sullivan, in the next three years, products of the Russian microelectronics market will be most in demand in the aerospace and defense industries, as well as in telecom and transport.
Alain Astier noted that each region has its own characteristics, and although “Russia is a very rich country with a rich population, such problems have not been solved. such as transport, security, medicine,” where microelectronics products are actively used.
Nikolai Shelepin agrees with him: in our country, from the point of view of electronics, these segments are the priority. If there are end-to-end state programs for the creation of equipment, they could become “a powerful driver for the development of Russian electronics, which we dream about.” Thus, foreign microcircuits with cryptographic protection should not compete with domestic ones, including in connection with accession to the WTO. “But Russia also needs components for space, which are complex and do not provide large-scale orders to fill enterprises,” he added and expressed confidence that “if we catch up, we will never catch up. We need to develop those areas in which we have competencies and in which we can compete with the world in terms of development technology.”
At the same time, when developing a new niche, unexpected problems arise, the solution of which requires professionalism and intelligence. Thus, when the UEC (universal electronic card) project was launched at Micron, it was believed that it should be designed for the domestic payment system. But Sberbank insisted on the need for UEC to comply with international standards. At that time, domestic specialists did not have competence in this area, but thanks to their intelligence, they managed to understand the problem and solve this problem in two years: already in 2012, international master card and security certificates were obtained. “We (Mikron) are in eighth place in the list of certified international manufacturers,” Nikolai Shelepin noted with satisfaction.
Pavel Kutsko believes that the state should support these areas: domestic microelectronics should replace foreign ones in those industries where it is necessary and permitted by agreements with the WTO. Thus, the creation of databases of microelectronic components for space, passport and visa documents and special purposes must be achieved through government funding. According to him, a lot of work has been done in determining the status of domestic microelectronics over the past year, in particular in determining preferences for the supply of products.
State support
Pavel Kutsko said that thanks to state support, which will decrease, it was possible to solve important problems that allowed the industry to move forward: they preserved the structure of enterprises, created the basis for the development of microelectronics production, and formed the structure of design centers capable of working on modern equipment. “In recent years we have had a leap in microelectronics. First of all, successes are associated with Zelenograd enterprises. R&D is being funded at levels never seen before,” he said.
Nikolai Shelepin confirmed that in the last three years concrete steps have been taken in terms of state financing of the industry. In his opinion, in the presented state program for the development of electronic energy production, a good sign is the government’s curtailment of the program of direct support for enterprises in the industry: only enterprises with real investment projects that allow them to enter the market with real products will be financed.
When implementing state projects, their support from the state is absolutely necessary. “For example, when we developed a new generation of domestic microcircuits for passport and visa documents,” he explained, “there was no money (15 million rubles) for their interdepartmental testing at the Ministry of Telecom and Mass Communications. It took a lot of effort to carry them out, and at the expense of the developers - Mikron and Angstrem.”
Nikolai Lisai expressed doubt that the industry requires state support at all, citing data from the consulting company McKinsey on a study of state support in China, Israel, Taiwan and the United States, which is allegedly practically absent there. As for supporting innovation in our country by reducing taxes, in Western countries the tax burden is much higher, he recalled.
Alain Astier has a different vision: all major countries - developed or developing - are committed to supporting the semiconductor industry, viewing it as a key driver of innovation and social progress. Thus, the governments of France, Germany, and others support initiatives in the field of microelectronics if they are aimed at solving problems in the country. This trend will continue in the near and medium term. According to him, currently 90% of innovative solutions are based on microelectronics.
According to a Frost & Sullivan study based on a survey (conducted in April - May of this year among approximately one hundred experts and top managers of Russian and foreign companies), 92% of respondents believe that the measures taken by the government today to support the competitiveness of Russian microelectronics are insufficient.
Heinz Kundert, President of SEMI Europe, is also confident that government support for an industry such as microelectronics plays an important role in all countries, for example in China, the USA, and Japan.
He said that in May the European Commission took the initiative to invest about 100 billion euros over the next seven years in European micro- and nanoelectronics, in order to increase the share of European countries in the world market in this industry from 10 to 20% by 2020. . To achieve this goal, new technologies must be created. Eight major firms supported this initiative. Approximately 10 billion euros from private, regional, national sources and the European Union will be allocated to R&D, including 5 billion euros through public-private partnerships.
For comparison: the volume of the domestic microelectronics market is less than 1%.
According to Mr. Kündert, the Russian government, like the European Union, can provide state support to its own industry in order to significantly increase the country’s share in the global microelectronics market.
Clusters
Nikolai Shelepin believes that the developments of Russian companies are competitive, but very few reach production and the market. In addition, important elements of the electronics production chain (for example, CAD, equipment and raw materials, electronics assembly, etc.) are missing or underdeveloped in Russia. All these pressing problems of the domestic industry can be effectively solved with the help of cluster policy embedded in the new REB development program.
He is confident that today not a single company is able to solve the entire layer of problems of modern microelectronics in isolation. For development and successful competition, it is necessary to consolidate the resources of many organizations united in a cluster in order to build a complete chain from development to production, identify and eliminate gaps in the production chain.
According to him, Zelenograd is de facto such a cluster, including 150 companies, with an “anchor” center consisting of two companies, Mikron and Angstrem. The school of software developers, circuit designers, designers created at Micron during this time, as well as its own production, will allegedly allow it to quickly respond to new requirements of government agencies.
The creation of innovation clusters is provided for by the state program for the development of electronic energy production. According to Pavel Kutsko, the issue of creating 20 such clusters is being considered. However, when creating clusters, Nikolai Shelepin believes, it is necessary to provide a number of market regulation measures and state support following the example of global technology parks: development of infrastructure (telecom, housing, education, etc.), cheap credit money, economic and administrative freedoms, policy of integration of cluster enterprises with anchor company.
The results of individual achievements were presented at the forum, which prove that with an adequate investment policy by the state, Russian microelectronics has begun to emerge from a protracted crisis. At the same time, one gets the impression that the increase in EC production volumes, the pace of recovery from the crisis and the time frame for resuscitation of the domestic industry can hardly be called at all acceptable for a country like Russia, in comparison with similar indicators of foreign competitors who do not intend to invest at all into our industry, much less give up their positions both in their own and in the Russian microelectronics market.
1. Increasing the efficiency of coordination management of the creation of new dual-use microelectronics products.
1.1. Geopolitical position of Russia.
1.2. Modern weapons and military equipment and the tasks of developing the domestic microelement base.
1.3. Problems of enterprise management in the domestic electronics industry in the transition period.
1.4. Tasks of developing automation tools for coordination management of the design and production of new dual-use microelectronics products. Statement of the research problem.
2. Formation of a unified integrated information environment for coordination management of the development and production of dual-use microelectronics products.
2.1. Target tasks of coordination management and the use of information technologies to solve them.
2.2. Methodological and organizational basis for the systemic unity of the information space for coordination management of the design and production of dual-use microcircuits.
2.3. Linguistic and information support of basic tools for coordination management of electronic industry enterprises.
2.4. Principles of coordination management in the enterprise management information system.
2.5. Architecture of an information system for coordination management of electronic industry enterprises when creating dual-use microcircuits.
3. Development of problem-oriented mathematical and software for coordination management.
3.1. Justification of the structure of problem-oriented software and its unification.
3.2. Models for describing the characteristics of electronics industry enterprises and forming their ratings when implementing the tasks of monitoring electronics enterprises.
3.3. Formation of the legislative and legal basis for coordination management and the main activities of a comprehensive target program for the development of an electronic component base.
3.4. Information technologies for solving problems of managing certification and licensing of electronic industry enterprises, conducting advanced research and sales analysis.
3.5. Long-term forecasting of ECB development.
3.6. Mathematical models of project management and control.
4. Introduction of a coordination management system in the electronics industry.
4.1. Integration and implementation of technical means of control automation.-.*:.
4.2. Features of the implementation of a software package for managing the interaction of electronic industry enterprises.
4.3. Implementation of a management system, assessment of its effectiveness and development of methodological support.
4.4. Methodological support for improving management and decision-making mechanisms in order to increase the efficiency of their functioning.
Recommended list of dissertations
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Introduction of the dissertation (part of the abstract) on the topic “Coordination management of enterprises creating dual-use electronic component base”
Relevance of the work. The level of development of the electronics industry (EP) of the Russian Federation determines scientific and technological progress in leading sectors of the economy and the defense complex. The main tactical and technical parameters and the effectiveness of the use of most weapons and military equipment (W&M) are determined by the level of development of specialized computer and radio systems (ViRTS). In turn, it clearly depends on the characteristics of the electronic component base (ECB), on the basis of which they are created.
Specialized computing and radio systems are the basis for the development of control systems (CS) for military and civilian purposes. These, first of all, include control systems of nuclear deterrence forces (SNF), missile defense, air defense, aircraft and spacecraft, precision weapons, command posts, etc., as well as high-risk objects: nuclear power plants, nuclear reactors, chemical production, technical complexes for scientific research, etc.
Therefore, the development of domestic electronics is a priority area of the technical policy of the Russian Federation. In 2006, by decree of the Government of the Russian Federation, a program for the strategic development of electronic communications was developed and adopted. It places special emphasis on solving the problems of development and production of modern technological equipment with a level of technical parameters corresponding to the best world standards; the required nomenclature and quantity of electronic components with increased resistance to high-intensity radiation and electromagnetic radiation, including ultra-high-speed VLSI, LSI sets of digital signal processing, digital-to-analog and analog-to-digital converters, etc.; development of breakthrough technologies - micro-mechanotronics, nanoelectronics, neural systems, homogeneous computing environments, etc.
The change in the methodology for automating the design and production of microelectronic products in advanced countries and the high efficiency of its application required changes in the structural reorganization of electronic enterprises - the creation of a network of design centers (DC) for the design of VLSI and silicon workshops (SM) for their production.
The state, which has a developed network of DCs and CMs, in addition to income from the sale of highly paid intellectual labor, gains independence in creating the most modern WiRTS in the interests of the development of all sectors of the economy, including the defense industry, and a strong position in the world. In our country there is both a need and all the prerequisites for creating a national network of DCs and CMs for the design and production of VLSI on the basis of microelectronics enterprises and electronic departments of universities.
The creation of DC and CM is a very complex and expensive problem that requires the accumulation of large financial resources necessary to equip them with modern computers and technological equipment. In accordance with the adopted strategic development program. EP provides for their allocation from the state budget and the creation in the near future of several dozen DC and KM.
The most important task of ensuring the efficiency of electronic enterprises is the use of modern information technologies (IT) to automate the management and implementation of the processes of creating a modern electronic components.
They are of primary importance in information systems for coordination management (CM) of electronic enterprises engaged in the development and production of special electronic components in the interests of the defense complex and for the construction of ViRTS for the management of especially dangerous civilian objects (hereinafter referred to as dual-use microelectronics products). The implementation of these systems should ensure effective interaction between enterprises, the process of defect-free design and production of new products with a significant reduction in the time required for their creation.
Therefore, within the framework of this work, the task was set to create a unified information system of control systems by basic electronic enterprises and their interaction in the development and production of dual-use microelectronics products.
The dissertation was carried out according to the programs of the most important works of the Ministry of Defense (MoD). According to the research and development plans of “Serdyuk”, “Bust”, “Izyumovets”, “Potometry”, etc. And also in accordance with the interuniversity scientific and technical program I.T.601 “Advanced information technologies in higher education” and scientific direction of the Voronezh State Forestry Academy (VSLTA) - “Development of automation control and design tools (in industry).” ;
Purpose and objectives of the study. The purpose of the dissertation work is to create a unified information space for coordination management (CM) of the development and production of dual-use microelectronics products in electronic devices, as well as the implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of control automation tools.
To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:
Analyze the state of the electronic equipment and determine the tasks of increasing the efficiency of the control system by creating modern electronic products for use in special operating conditions based on IT;
Determine the target objectives, the principles of construction and justify the architecture of a unified information system and the structure of unified automation equipment for electronic control enterprises engaged in the development and production of dual-use microelectronics products;
Develop a methodology for the formation and implementation of unified linguistic and information support for the CG system;
Develop mathematical models and algorithms for control of basic enterprises and their interaction in the implementation of special projects for the development and production of microelectronics products;
Carry out software implementation of the mathematical support of the CU system;
Implement the developed CG tools, evaluate their effectiveness and develop methodological support.
Research methods are based on the theory of control systems, analysis and synthesis of computers and systems, optimization; apparatus of computational mathematics, applied statistics; theories of program construction; methods of modular, structured and object-oriented programming; simulation, structural, and parametric modeling; expert assessments, computational experiments.
Scientific novelty. The dissertation obtained the following main results, characterized by scientific novelty:
Principles of construction, architecture, software structure of a unified information system of CG, which ensured the creation of a common information platform for managing the industry and basic enterprises, characterized by high efficiency in solving management problems and their optimization;
Methods and models of organizational management of basic electronic enterprises and their interaction in solving target tasks: monitoring electronic enterprises, maintaining and continuously updating regulatory and guidance methodological materials, certification and licensing, competitive selection and project management, long-term forecasting of the development of dual-use electronic components. They are distinguished by their functional completeness and versatility, high adequacy of displaying management processes and decision-making in real time;
Methodology for the formation and methods of implementing linguistic and information tools of the CG system, ensuring the unity of the methodology for collecting, processing, storing, presenting and exchanging data within the industry, corresponding to modern technologies for building information systems;
Solutions for technical implementation and methods for the optimal use of developed CG tools by base enterprises and their interaction, laying the foundation for the unification of software for control tools within the industry and their integration into the Internet system.
Main provisions submitted for defense:
Principles of construction, architecture, structure of the software of the unified information system CU;
Methods and models of organizational management of basic electronic enterprises and their interaction in solving target problems;
Methodology for the formation and methods of implementing linguistic and information means of the CG system;
Solutions for technical implementation and methods for optimal use of developed CG tools by base enterprises and their interaction.
Practical significance and implementation results. The main practical result of the work is the development of a unified CG information system and standard software for managing basic electronics enterprises and their interaction in the design and production of dual-use electronic components. The implementation of the developed tools confirmed the high efficiency of the proposed solutions.
The created CG tools are used in electronic design when creating the entire range of dual-use electronic components. The scientific and practical results of the work form the basis for the creation and implementation of educational electronic systems at Voronezh State Technical University for conducting lecture courses, laboratory work, coursework and diploma projects, training graduate students and doctoral students in special disciplines. The results of the dissertation work were introduced in the “Department for the Development of Basic Military Technologies and Special Projects” of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Moscow), OJSC Angstrem, OJSC Voronezh Semiconductor Device Plant - Assembly (Voronezh) and in the educational process of the Voronezh State Technical University university with great economic efficiency.
Approbation of work. The main provisions of the work were reported and discussed at: boards of the Ministry of Defense of a number of Ministries of the Russian Federation, seminars and meetings of the Scientific Council “Federal problems of creating an elemental base of information, computing and control systems.” The results of the work were presented at international scientific conferences “System problems of reliability, quality, information and electronic technologies” (Moscow, 2007), “Mathematical methods in engineering and technology - MMTT-20” (Yaroslavl, 2007), “Conflict theory and its application” (Voronezh, 2006); Russian conferences: “Intellectualization of management in social and economic systems” (Voronezh, 2007), “Resilience” (Moscow, 2002, 2006, 2007, 2008), “Intelligent information systems” (Voronezh, 2007), “New technologies in scientific research , design, management, production" (Voronezh, 2008).
Publications. 35 works have been published on the topic of the dissertation, including 11 articles and a monograph in publications recommended by the Higher Attestation Commission (the author personally completed 146 papers on all works). In works published in co-authorship, the author’s personal participation is in determining the goals and objectives of the work, in performing scientific and technical research, justifying the architecture of the CG system, developing models and algorithms, analyzing their effectiveness, in developing the main elements of control tools and their implementation in industry .
Structure and scope of the dissertation. The dissertation consists of an introduction, four sections, a conclusion, a list of sources used and an appendix. The dissertation is presented on 156 pages, including 128 pages of typewritten text, 9 illustrations, a bibliography of 117 titles and an appendix - three acts of implementation on four pages.
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Development of automation tools for the design of complementary microcircuits taking into account static types of radiation from outer space 2006, candidate of technical sciences Achkasov, Alexander Vladimirovich
Development of a system for multi-level modeling of families of bipolar matrix LSIs of high complexity 1997, Doctor of Technical Sciences Chevychelov, Yuri Akimovich
Creation of self-organizing control computer systems for working in extreme conditions in real time 2006, Doctor of Technical Sciences Antimirov, Vladimir Mikhailovich
Conclusion of the dissertation on the topic “Management in social and economic systems”, Kutsko, Pavel Pavlovich
The results of the work were implemented in the “Department for the Development of Basic Military Technologies and Special Projects” of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation (Moscow), the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Scientific Research Institute of Electronic Technology” (Voronezh) and in the educational process. A methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the CG system is proposed. A significant economic effect was obtained, confirmed by implementation acts.
Conclusion
1. An analysis of the state of weapons and military equipment was carried out, which showed that the main tactical and technical parameters and the effectiveness of the use of most weapons and military equipment are determined by the level of development of military and military equipment. In turn, it clearly depends on the characteristics of the electronic components on the basis of which they are created. The state of electronic equipment in the transition period and the problems of its management are analyzed. The importance of IT in solving the problems of corporate governance by electronic enterprises for the development and production of special dual-use microelectronics products is determined.
2. The principles of construction, architecture and structure of the software of a unified information system of corporate governance are proposed, which ensured the creation of a unified information platform for managing the industry and basic enterprises, characterized by high efficiency in solving management problems and their optimization.
3. Methods and models of organizational management of basic electronic enterprises (including DC and CM) and their interaction in solving the entire set of target tasks of the control system for the implementation of special projects for the creation of a new dual-use electronic components have been developed. They provide functional completeness and versatility, high adequacy and optimization of real-time decision making.
4. Mathematical models for automating the integration of standard software of the KU information system with the ability to automatically control the rationality and optimization of its structure, as well as its formation based on our own and borrowed developments, are proposed.
5. A methodology has been developed for the formation and implementation methods of linguistic and information tools of the CG system, ensuring the unity of the methodology for collecting, processing, storing, presenting and exchanging data within the industry, corresponding to modern technologies for building information systems.
6. An algorithmic basis for the control of basic enterprises and their interaction has been created, laying the foundation for the unification of mathematical support for integrated management tools within the industry and their integration into the Internet system;
7. The software implementation of applied automation tools for the control unit was carried out by creating a dual-use electronic control unit. I
9. The proposed solutions are used in the development of current and future federal programs for the creation and development of special electronic components and control equipment.
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Computer equipment does not always meet space requirements. Often, microcircuits are used that are not intended for use in orbit, which provokes satellite crashes. The Russian company Mikron has developed chips that will ensure uninterrupted operation of equipment in space for 10-15 years.
More than a dozen microcircuits fit on one silicon wafer. They are all different, but equally intended to serve a higher purpose. They will be installed on spacecraft computers.
"You have heard about. In particular, this is due to the use of foreign component base not intended for use in outer space. A whole set of microprocessors and other circuits have been developed that meet the requirements of our standards and should ensure trouble-free operation of space equipment for 10-15 years,” explained Nikolai Shelepin, Deputy General Director for Science of JSC NIIME and Mikron.
The designers of the Zelenograd enterprise Mikron worked on the design of these chips for three years. The task is complex: after all, in space, in addition to temperature, computer systems are also affected by increased radiation and strong electromagnetic pulses.
“It is necessary not only to create a microcircuit, but also to carry out tests. Moreover, not only the microcircuit, but also the equipment along with it must pass tests. Therefore, we expect that in the near future there will be a very large-scale use of our element base in a year or two. And our devices in space will be very reliable,” Gennady Krasnikov, head of the Mikron group of companies, spoke about the difficulties of production.
New cosmic radiation shielding technologies improve processor reliability. These properties will also be useful on Earth. New generation microcircuits can be used in aviation and Russian military equipment. Today, Mikron already produces 42% of all microelectronics in the country. It is here that millions of transport tickets, chips for biometric passports, and SIM cards are produced.
"Hybrid chip modules for a universal electronic card can be both contact and contactless. For passport and visa documents, this is a purely contactless design that works with an antenna. Together they can be used or another device for which they are intended to record and read information,” explains Alexander Egorchikov, deputy head of the workshop for technology.
The company has passed international certification for production. Their level of protection must be such that only a few enterprises in the world were able to achieve the right to develop microcircuits and write software for them. In the high-tech industry, the smaller the product, the higher the cost of production. Competition is great, and without government help it would be difficult for Russian companies to survive.
“Last year, the 90 nanometer line was mastered here, which was the fruit of a public-private partnership. The state invested 6.5 billion in this production. The same money was invested by private capital. As a result, we received a competitive enterprise of domestic microelectronics,” noted Pavel Kutsko , Deputy Director of the Department of Radioelectronic Industry of the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Russian Federation
Almost a quarter of Mikron's products are exported. In the field of professional specialized electronics, Russian companies operate at the level of world achievements. But it is very difficult for our manufacturers to win a place in the consumer market from foreign giants. The state program for the development of the electronics industry should support our enterprises. By 2025, 500 billion rubles will be invested in high-tech production.
