Laryngitis is an inflammation of the larynx that has developed for a number of reasons. It is provoked by infectious diseases, hypothermia, allergies, frequent smoking, occupational tension of the vocal cords, and harmful working conditions. This disease in adults usually responds well to treatment. One week of adequate therapy is enough for the disappearance of its main symptoms, and another couple of days until complete recovery. Treatment of laryngitis in adults, drugs and folk remedies for this is the topic of our article.

Signs of inflammation of the larynx can be suspected independently. The following symptoms may indicate the development of laryngitis:

A photo of laryngitis in adults, the symptoms and treatment of which are the essence of our article, makes it easy to notice the pronounced hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the larynx, as well as the narrowing of its lumen due to inflammatory swelling. This provokes the appearance of all of the above symptoms, and can also cause difficulty in breathing.

First aid for suspected laryngitis

As mentioned above, the signs of laryngitis in adults are so obvious that they cannot go unnoticed. But this is not a reason to ignore a visit to the doctor. After all, only a qualified specialist has the right to confirm the alleged diagnosis and give recommendations for its treatment.

Type of larynx with laryngitis

But since it is not always possible to get to the doctor on the day the first symptoms of inflammation of the larynx appear, in order to alleviate them and stabilize general well-being, you need to follow the following principles:

• Refrain from smoking;
• Exclude too hot food, as well as spicy, spicy and salted dishes;
• Try to talk without tension of the vocal cords, ideally in a whisper;
• Ventilate the apartment and try to ensure optimal humidity in its rooms.

All this will reduce the manifestations of soreness in the throat, relieve attacks of dry cough and allow you to sleep peacefully.

Principles of treatment of laryngitis

In adult patients, inflammation of the larynx is most often acute. It is provoked by the attachment of a bacterial infection to SARS and other viral diseases. What to take with laryngitis in adults will tell the attending physician, he will also give recommendations on relieving its acute symptoms. This, of course, will be voice rest, drinking plenty of water, eliminating the possibility of hypothermia. To eliminate cough, expectorant and antitussive drugs can be prescribed, at high temperature - taking antipyretics.

Treatment of laryngitis

Adults treat laryngitis on an outpatient basis, under the strict supervision of a physician. If the bacterial nature of its pathogen is suspected, it may be indicated by an increase in body temperature and a pronounced pain syndrome, patient is prescribed antibiotics. And if p sputum was difficult to pass - inhalation with solutions of proteolytic enzymes, which have effective mucolytic properties.

If the patient was diagnosed with catarrhal symptoms- you will need more effective physiotherapy - UHF, warming compresses, treatment of the larynx with a local antibiotic. Drugs for the treatment of laryngitis in adults are prescribed by a doctor. Self-medication, as well as an independent change in their dosage or cancellation, is completely unacceptable.

Left untreated, acute laryngitis can not only become chronic, but also cause an abscess of the larynx or perichondritis with its undesirable and irreversible consequences.

Chronic laryngitis in adults almost always affects the vocal cords.

Chronic laryngitis

Too long its course can disrupt the voice function and completely change the voice of the patient. And people suffering from chronic laryngitis are at risk for laryngeal cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to treat this disease comprehensively and without fail until complete recovery. His therapy will consist of the following procedures:

• Taking medicines and vitamins;
• Alkaline and antibiotic inhalations;
• Physiotherapy;
• Methods of traditional medicine.

Only a qualified doctor can decide how and how to treat laryngitis in an adult. Medications can sometimes be powerless in the acute form without additional procedures.

Features of drug therapy in the treatment of laryngitis

Medicines for laryngitis in adults are required to reduce the risk of complications and prevent its chronic course. Patients are prescribed:

Important: On April 15, 2016, Roszdravnadzor revoked the license for the sale and use of the drug " Bioparox (MHH: Fusafungin), metered-dose inhalation aerosol” registration certificate No. P N015629 / O1 dated 07/16/2009, holder of the registration certificate - Servier Laboratories (France). Decree

Sometimes antibiotics are prescribed with laryngitis in adults. Rapid treatment of this disease is necessary to exclude the formation of a focus of chronic infection in the throat. But if it is delayed, then powerful therapy is required, including antibacterial drugs. Other indications for the appointment of such therapy will be:

• Sputum with an admixture of pus;
• Detection of fibro-purulent crusts on the mucous membrane of the larynx;
• If there are symptoms of stenosis of the larynx;
• With a high risk of complications.

For this, new generation antibiotics from the group of cephalosporins and macrolides are used in medical practice. The use of antibacterial drugs of the penicillin series is also indicated.

antibiotics for laryngitis

At the end of antibiotic therapy, patients are prescribed a course of immunomodulators and other means that support the body.

Traditional medicine methods in the treatment of laryngitis in adults

Pills for laryngitis in adults will be more effective if you add traditional medicine methods to them, the therapeutic effect of which has been tested for centuries. The simplest of them will be:

• Plentiful drink;
• Frequent ventilation of the room;
• Regular air humidification and optimal temperature conditions.

To them, you can add gargling with medicinal herbal decoctions or soda-salt solution. Decoctions and infusions of medicinal herbs can also be used for steam inhalation, which soothe the irritated mucous membrane of the throat, relieve bouts of perspiration and cough. In the absence of temperature, you can do steam foot baths. Suitable herbs such as calendula, sage, mint, St. John's wort, chamomile and etc.

Herbs for laryngitis

An excellent folk remedy would be black radish juice with honey.. To prepare it, you need to cut off the top of the root crop and make a small depression in its pulp. Put a few tablespoons of honey into this recess and cover with the cut top as a lid. By the evening, the radish will release juice, and in the morning it will be ready for use. Regular intake of this healing juice reduces the duration of the disease by half and promotes a speedy recovery.

Ways to prevent laryngitis in adults

Laryngitis most often overtakes people with a weakened immune system or a lack of vitamins. In order to avoid such ailments, you need to eat right, lead a healthy lifestyle and, if necessary, periodically take a course of vitamin therapy. It is also necessary to note the timely and complete aftercare of all ENT diseases. After all, any untreated infection can lead to inflammation of the larynx.

Healthy lifestyle

But if, nevertheless, this disease overtook you, then needed for a speedy recovery:

• See a doctor as soon as possible;
• Strictly follow all his instructions;
• Do not neglect home remedies for laryngitis;
• Stop smoking;
• Ventilate your apartment regularly.

Laryngitis is not a serious disease, but its neglected cases sometimes require surgical intervention. To prevent this, it needs to be treated in a timely manner and to the end.

Laryngitis in adults is unpleasant in that full communication is disrupted. The speech function of a person is the most important, and when it is disturbed, unforeseen problems arise.

In addition to painful sensations in the throat, the inability to talk in the usual rhythm is very strong affects well-being. Stenosing laryngitis is not as common, but it is especially dangerous.

It's called laryngitis. Like any inflammation, it is accompanied by a rush of blood to the diseased organ, an increase in temperature at the site of inflammation, and tissue edema. In the larynx, the ligaments are responsible for the voice, with a disease they become thicker, hoarseness and even loss of voice appear. Signs of laryngitis in adults are similar to those in children.

Characteristic features

At the beginning of the disease, the patient may experience a slight malaise, which gradually leads to the appearance of such signs:

• hoarseness of voice;
• wheezing, difficult breathing;
• dry "barking" cough;
• headache appears;
• (spasm);
• dryness in the throat;
• burning and itching.

When such signs appear, you should consult a doctor who will establish the following symptoms:

• there is a general malaise;
• subfebrile temperature;
• the mucous membrane of the pharynx and larynx is edematous and hyperemic;
• the vocal cords are thickened, there is no complete closure.

On closer examination, hemorrhages can be detected on the mucous membrane of the larynx and vocal cords.

Kinds

Depending on the cause of the disease, laryngitis can be divided into types:

1. atrophic. Long-term systematic eating of food with spicy spices, bitterness and salt irritates the pharyngeal mucosa, this irritation passes to the larynx, then to inflammation.
2. Hemorrhagic. This type is typical for complications in SARS. Manifested in the form of hemorrhages in the mucous membrane of the larynx.
3. Hypertrophic. Characterized by severe hoarseness, which is accompanied by coughing, scratching in the throat. So-called "singer's nodules" appear on the vocal cords in the form of small growths that make the voice hoarse. The causes of laryngitis in working people, in this case, are the features of professional activity.
4. diphtheria. With diphtheria, a white coating from the mucous membrane of the tonsils and pharynx passes to the mucous membrane of the larynx, covering it with a dense film. The glottis can be blocked by this plaque, then a false croup occurs, which requires immediate help.
5. catarrhal. The most easily tolerated form of the disease, which proceeds without complications in a short time. Hoarseness and rawness in the region of the larynx pass quickly.
6. Laryngotracheitis. It is manifested by simultaneous inflammation of the larynx and trachea, accompanied by hoarseness, pain in the sternum, cough.
7. Professional. A variant of hypertrophic laryngitis, which often occurs in people of public professions, is characterized by the formation of nodules on the larynx and hoarseness in the voice.
8. Syphilitic. It appears as a complication of syphilis, when plaques and ulcers appear on the larynx, turning into scars. Can lead to complete loss of voice.
9. tuberculous. It occurs as a complication of tuberculosis when it spreads from a focus in the lungs. Tuberculous nodules form in the larynx and cause inflammation.

The most common is laryngitis as a complication of SARS in the catarrhal form. There are two main forms of pharyngitis, acute and chronic, the treatment of which has its own specifics.

Principles of therapy

Treatment of laryngitis begins with the observance of general rules. Do not ignore them: it is lifestyle changes and nutritional correction that play a big role in defeating the disease.

1. Create the perfect environment for your room: keep clean, do not forget about wet cleaning and regular airing.
2. Rest Your Sore Vocal Cords: Try to be more silent or speak in a whisper.
3. Drink more liquid: warm tea with honey, lemon or raspberry jam, berry compotes or fruit drinks. Such drinks are not only a source of vitamin C, which helps fight infection, but also a way to quickly remove toxins from the body formed during inflammation.
4. Eat Healthy. Exclude from the diet spicy, pickled, smoked dishes, Korean salads, crackers, as they can irritate the inflamed mucous membrane of the larynx and pharynx.
5. Give up smoking and alcohol.
6. In the first days of illness, try to rest more and take sick leave.

We act on the cause of the disease

Laryngitis occurs for various reasons. According to statistics, about half of the cases of the disease are associated with exposure to adverse factors: living in polluted areas, smoking, hazards at work.

Another 34% are associated with allergic reactions and damage to the mucous membranes of the larynx by viruses. And only in 15-16 percent of cases the disease is caused by microbes.

Only a doctor can reliably determine the cause of laryngitis after diagnostic tests. To do this, the specialist will take a smear from the oropharynx, followed by growing the resulting microbes on a nutrient medium.

Further microscopic and microbiological studies will help not only to identify the bacterium that has become the causative agent of the infection, but also to find out which antibiotics it is sensitive to. The most common antibiotics for treating laryngitis in adults are listed in the table below.

Note! Instructions for use for each drug contains a list of contraindications and side effects. Be sure to read it before using the tool.

The use of antibiotics in case the disease is not caused by the pathological activity of bacteria is not only unjustified, but also dangerous to health.

How to treat laryngitis provoked by viruses and other negative factors:

1. With a viral infection, symptomatic remedies can often be dispensed with. If the immune system cannot cope, it is supported with the help of immunomodulating (Interferon, Viferon, Genferon, Immunal) and antiviral drugs (Remantadine, Tamiflu, Relenza).
2. If the doctor assumes an allergic component in the development of the disease, antihistamines (Suprastin, Zirtek, Loratal) are prescribed to patients.
3. If laryngitis is caused by adverse environmental influences, the only way to get rid of the problem is to eliminate these causes. Of course, it is not always possible to radically change jobs or move from a large industrial center to the suburbs, but this is the only way that will permanently get rid of chronic inflammation of the larynx.

Symptomatic therapy

How to quickly cure laryngitis with symptomatic remedies?

Doctors consider the most effective in the treatment of the disease:

• anti-inflammatory and emollients - Theraflu, Tantum Verde;
• lollipops and lozenges that reduce inflammation and relieve unpleasant symptoms of the disease - Strepsils, Faringosept, Septolete;
• expectorants that soften dry unproductive cough - Mukaltin, Gedelix, Prospan, Ambrobene, Lazolvan, Bromhexine;
• with persistent, difficult to treat cough - centrally acting antitussives (Sinekod, Kofeks).

Note! If the patient's condition worsens, he has shortness of breath, and he convulsively tries to take a breath, he may have developed a false croup - a severe complication of laryngitis, manifested by mucosal edema and a significant narrowing of the airway lumen. Call an ambulance immediately for emergency treatment.

Local therapy

In addition to taking medication, many patients ask how to be treated at home. Inhalations are also proven, affordable and effective procedures to eliminate infection and reduce unpleasant symptoms.

Gargling is a procedure familiar to everyone since childhood. During its implementation, the mechanical removal of mucus and bacteria from the respiratory tract occurs, the active elimination of infectious agents and the softening of the sore throat.

With laryngitis, doctors advise gargling:

• - the simplest recipe that everyone can cook with their own hands from the ingredients available at home;
• alkaline mineral water;
• decoctions of anti-inflammatory herbs (chamomile, sage, calendula, eucalyptus);
• solutions of pharmacy antiseptics (Gexoral, Miramistin, Chlorhexidine, Chlorophyllipt, etc.).

For treatment, it is better to use a special device that generates the smallest particles of steam that moisturize and soften the mucous membrane of the larynx when inhaled. But if there is no inhaler at home, you can use the proven grandmother's method - breathe over a pot of hot water or a kettle spout.

Note! Treatment of laryngitis at home is possible only with an uncomplicated form of the disease. If the symptoms of the infection increase, or you do not feel a noticeable improvement after 3 days from the start of treatment, be sure to consult a doctor.

Thus, the main thing in the treatment of acute infection of the larynx remains an integrated approach. How long laryngitis is treated in adults depends not only on the severity and nature of the disease, but also on compliance with medical recommendations and prescriptions. With an attentive attitude to one's health, the prognosis is favorable: usually all the symptoms of the infection go away without a trace in 3-7 days.

Laryngitis is a clinical syndrome of damage to the larynx, caused by inflammatory changes in the mucous membrane due to the development of an infection of a viral or bacterial etiology or other causes, manifested in the form of an acute or chronic form. Development is facilitated by hypothermia, breathing through the mouth, dusty air, overexertion of the larynx, smoking and drinking alcohol.

The course of the disease depends on a number of conditions (age, body resistance, the adequacy of the therapy, etc.). How to treat laryngitis, what are the symptoms and first signs in adults, as well as about the main methods of prevention - we will talk in more detail in this article.

What is laryngitis?

Laryngitis is a disease of the respiratory system, in which the mucous membrane of the larynx is affected. In adults, the disease is accompanied by a change in voice, up to its complete loss, cough, and respiratory failure. It is able to proceed independently or be a continuation of inflammation of the mucous membranes of the pharynx, nasopharynx or nasal cavity in cases of acute respiratory diseases.

The fact is that when we talk, our vocal cords begin to vibrate, due to this, sound appears. But with this disease, the vocal cords swell and completely lose this unique property. At the same time, the airways also narrow, it becomes a little difficult to breathe, another characteristic of the disease may be the so-called barking cough.

It is important to realize in time that silence is gold in the literal sense of the word. It is better to talk in whispers for a few days than to suffer for weeks afterwards.

Types of disease

There are two forms of laryngitis: acute, which lasts only a few days, and chronic, which persists for weeks or months.

Acute laryngitis

Acute laryngitis relatively rarely develops as an independent disease. Usually it is a symptom of SARS (influenza, adenovirus infection, parainfluenza), in which the mucous membrane of the nose and pharynx, and sometimes the lower respiratory tract (bronchi, lungs) is also involved in the inflammatory process. Acute laryngitis can result from excessive strain on the vocal cords, such as shouting, cheering, singing, or making speeches.

Chronic laryngitis in adults

The chronic form follows from an acute manifestation in the absence of treatment or becomes the result of infection from chronic sources of the pathogen (inflammatory diseases in the nasopharynx). It is often diagnosed in smokers, since the tobacco house negatively affects the state of the epithelial layer and leads to its depletion, as a result of which the mucosa becomes susceptible to negative factors.

The outcome of chronic laryngitis in adults depends on its form. With hypertrophic and atrophic chronic laryngitis, complete recovery does not occur. Prevention is aimed at eliminating the causative factors.

Sometimes, in view of the similarity of the clinical picture, this pathology is confused with, however, how to treat laryngitis in an adult and what to do with pharyngitis are very different. Therefore, until the doctor makes an accurate diagnosis, you should not take any medication.

Also distinguished:

• catarrhal laryngitis- the patient has a tickling, hoarseness of voice, a feeling of soreness in the throat, cough is intermittent, dry and slightly pronounced. The course is favorable and easy. Typical symptoms of laryngitis in adults: most patients complain about dysphonia, hoarseness, perspiration, soreness and dryness in the throat at normal or subfebrile temperature. Sometimes there is a dry cough, which is later accompanied by expectoration of sputum.
• Atrophic variety of laryngitis characterized by a decrease in the thickness of the mucous membrane. Given this feature, coughs with bloody traces are often noted in the cough. characteristic feature- the formation of yellow-green or dirty brown crusts on the mucous membrane is a hallmark.
• Allergic laryngitis occurs in a patient with an allergic reaction (allergic rhinitis, pharyngitis, and others).
• Hypertrophic laryngitis, unlike atrophic laryngitis, is characterized by a thickening of the mucous membrane of the larynx. Excessively thickened areas of the larynx in the form of whitish or transparent elevations may increase so much that they interfere with the closure of the vocal cords.
• In case of diphtheria the development of the disease occurs due to the spread of infection in the larynx from the tonsils. The mucous membrane becomes covered with a white membrane, which can detach and cause blockage of the airways at the level of the vocal cords. A similar membrane can also form during streptococcal infections.

Causes in adults

The causative agents of laryngitis are divided into two groups:

• viruses (influenza virus, parainfluenza, and others);
• bacteria (the causative agent of scarlet fever, diphtheria, whooping cough, streptococci, staphylococci, mycobacteria, treponema and others).

The main causes of laryngitis:

• General and local hypothermia, ingestion of irritating food (usually very cold), cold drinking, mouth breathing, excessive vocal load (long, loud conversation, singing, screaming) - all this leads to disruption of local defense systems, damage to the cellular structures of the mucous membrane and development inflammatory process. In the future, infection may follow.
• Contacts with patients - whooping cough, influenza or other acute respiratory viral infections. The incubation period of laryngitis of infectious origin can be from several hours to several days, depending on the pathogen.
• The spread of infections from the paranasal sinuses in the oral cavity and other nearby areas.
• Inhalation of various irritants - air polluted with dust, soot, chemicals.
• Constant or one-time strong tension of the vocal cords - a long loud conversation, as well as a cry, especially in the case of adverse conditions indicated in the previous paragraph.
• Damage to the surface of the mucous membrane of the larynx - surgical intervention, mechanical (fish bone, an attempt to swallow poorly chewed food, crackers).
• Abuse of alcoholic beverages, smoking.
• Laryngitis can develop if gastric contents enter the larynx (). This condition can develop in case of weakness of the esophageal sphincters, which normally prevent the entry of gastric contents into the esophagus, pharynx, larynx.

Symptoms of laryngitis

Signs of inflammation of the larynx in adults can be suspected independently. The following symptoms may indicate the development of laryngitis:

• The appearance of a dry cough;
• Hoarseness of voice;
• Sore and sore throat;
• Severe pain when swallowing;
• General malaise;
• Rise in body temperature;
• Increased amount in the blood.

Laryngitis in adults usually lasts from a few days to 2 weeks. Usually, after 2-3 days, body temperature returns to normal and general well-being improves. Then the voice is restored and gradually the dry cough turns into a wet one and stops.

Throat in the photo with laryngitis

In the first seven to ten days, the disease has an acute course. If the inflammatory process lasts longer, then doctors diagnose chronic laryngitis.

Complications

The most common complication of laryngitis is tonsillitis. Often in the acute phase there is a danger of developing laryngeal edema and the occurrence of false croup. In this condition, a person begins to suffocate, the skin turns pale, and the cyanosis of the nasolabial triangle appears. If, in this condition, a person is not urgently helped, then he may die.

Chronic laryngitis can also lead to the development of complications in the form of:

• the formation of a tumor in the larynx of a benign nature;
• proliferation of polyps, formation of cysts or granulomas;
• development of cancer of the larynx;
• stenosis of the larynx;
• laryngeal mobility disorders.

Diagnostics

Symptoms and treatment of laryngitis in adults should be under the supervision of a physician

In the process of diagnosis, the doctor initially studies the history, conducts a physical examination and asks the patient about the nature of the onset and development of the disease. A thorough study of the sound of the voice, as well as the vocal cords, contributes to the selection of the correct approach to the treatment of the disease.

In addition to a general medical examination, the doctor may apply additional research methods, especially in chronic laryngitis or a protracted course of acute:

• laryngoscopy;
• blood analysis;
• fluorography of a difficult cell;
• bacteriological examination of swabs, swabs from the larynx, etc.

It is possible for a person who does not have a medical education to diagnose laryngitis on their own, but the probability of error is very high. Although pathology has characteristic symptoms, in some cases it can take a “blurred” course. Some signs may be absent altogether.

You should see an otolaryngologist if:

• Your symptoms do not improve within 2 weeks;
• You have sudden severe pain (especially in the ear), difficulty swallowing or coughing up blood;
• You suspect the presence of another disease;
• There is a suspicion that laryngitis may become chronic.

Treatment of laryngitis in adults

How to quickly cure laryngitis in adults at home? Treatment of laryngitis involves compliance with a sparing regimen (the patient needs rest) and the elimination of factors whose action can increase inflammation (cessation of smoking, spicy, cold and hot foods).

General treatment regimen:

• elimination of possible causes - reducing the load on the larynx and vocal cords (silence);
• exclusion of food that irritates the mucous membrane - carbonated drinks, salty, spicy foods;
• complete cessation of smoking, taking alcoholic beverages, including beer, alcoholic cocktails;
• plentiful warm drink - teas, infusions, decoctions, milk, kissels, juices.

If laryngitis has developed, treatment in adults can be carried out by prescribing the following drugs for local and systemic therapy:

• external medicines for basic treatment: aerosols - Camphomen, Ingalipt, Tera-Flu; lozenges and absorbable tablets - Isla, Strepsils, Neo-Angin;
• providing expectoration: Mukaltin, Prospan, Gedelix, Evkabal, Gerbion;
• medicines that can alleviate the manifestation of cough: Kofeks, Sinekod;
• antiallergic drugs (antihistamines): Zodak, Suprastin;
• antibacterial antibiotic: Bioparox spray;
• targeted antibiotics: Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Oxacillin and cephalosporins;
• antiviral drugs: Fusafungin, Fenspiride;
• improving immune defense and strengthening the body - compounds based on radiola, aralia, pantocrine, eleutherococcus.

Antibacterial drugs (antibiotics) are prescribed for laryngitis only if the bacterial nature of the pathology is confirmed. For this, bacterial culture is performed and the causative agent of the infection is detected. If this is not done, the treatment may be ineffective due to the lack of sensitivity of some strains of bacteria to certain types of antibiotics.

A good result is the use of physiotherapeutic methods of treatment. Adult patients may be prescribed the following procedures:

• electrophoresis with novocaine;
• microwave therapy;

How to treat an acute form of laryngitis?

In adults, the treatment of acute laryngitis should first of all be aimed at eliminating the problem that provoked the disease.

• Local antibacterial drugs are used in the form of lozenges, aerosols, sprays, such as Strepsils, Geksoral, Tantum Verde, etc.
• With severe pain in the throat, NSAIDs are prescribed - non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: Nimesil, Nise, Nurofen. They effectively eliminate all the symptoms associated with inflammation - pain, voice disturbance, etc.
• To stimulate the activity of metabolic processes and increase the activity of the immune system, adaptogens are prescribed (tinctures of eleutherococcus, pantocrine, ginseng, pink radiola).
• An excellent remedy for laryngitis is to lubricate the throat with Lugol's solution. This tool helps protect the mucous membrane of the larynx from the effects of pathogenic flora. On the 3rd-4th day of illness, lubrication with Lugol's solution can be replaced with sea buckthorn oil. This substance contributes to the rapid restoration of the mucous membrane.

To ensure complete rest of the larynx, a person it is not recommended to talk for about a week. If this is not possible, you need to talk as quietly and softly as possible.

Until the restoration of the mucous membrane of the larynx, the doctor must prescribe a strict diet, during which only sparing food should be consumed. However, it should not be too cold or hot.

An exact list of drugs and recommendations for their use, as well as the advisability of inhalation, is given to the patient by the attending physician. Subject to compliance with the prescribed therapy, the patient returns to normal within 10 days.

How to treat chronic laryngitis in adults?

It is almost impossible to completely get rid of the chronic form of laryngitis, but remission can be achieved and its manifestations reduced to a minimum. It should be noted that with a particularly pronounced inflammatory process and the development of complications, treatment in a hospital may be required. In the treatment of exacerbations of chronic laryngitis, special attention should be paid to the treatment of chronic infections that contribute to this exacerbation.

Too long its course can disrupt the voice function and completely change the voice of the patient. And people suffering from chronic laryngitis are at risk for laryngeal cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to treat this disease comprehensively and without fail until complete recovery.

For adults, laryngitis therapy will consist of the following procedures:

• Taking medicines and vitamins;
• Alkaline and antibiotic inhalations;
• Physiotherapy;
• Methods of traditional medicine.

Of great importance in the treatment of chronic inflammation of the larynx are non-drug methods:

• to give up smoking;
• voice rest;
• sparing nutrition (warm, soft, neutral in taste food, exclusion of spicy, hot and cold dishes, carbonated drinks);
• plentiful drink (alkaline mineral waters ("Naftusya", Borjomi), warm milk with honey);
• prevention of hypothermia;
• airing the room in which the patient lives for 10 minutes every hour;
• adequate microclimate (temperature and humidity) in the room.

Inhalations

Effective for laryngitis inhalation. It is better if it is an ultrasonic inhaler, and the patient will breathe with an infusion of medicinal herbs, such as chamomile.

Inhalation therapy can be with the help of steam inhalations with herbs (chamomile, oregano, sage and others), potato steam, alkaline inhalations. These can be inhalations using a nebulizer (with mineral water or medicines prescribed by a doctor). Inhalations are carried out from 3 to 7 times a day.

But be aware that steam inhalation cannot be carried out in the following cases:

• at elevated temperature,
• with purulent processes in the nasopharynx,
• intolerance to drugs used for inhalation,
• adults with exacerbation of bronchial asthma and other respiratory disorders,
• tendency to nosebleeds,

Nutrition

Proper therapy means an integrated approach to the treatment of the disease, it is impossible to do with medication alone. It is important to follow a certain diet. With laryngitis, adults are strictly forbidden to use:

• all alcoholic drinks;
• carbonated water;
• seeds, nuts;
• garlic, pepper, mustard, onion, horseradish;
• seasonings, spices, spices.

Food should be liquid or grated, not too hot and not cold. It is advisable to exclude fried, fatty foods, and steam meat, fish.

In the fight against inflammation and irritation of the larynx, vegetable oils will help, which can be instilled a few drops into the nose or lubricated with them in the throat. Fresh fruits, vegetables, juices will be of great benefit in the treatment of laryngitis, but they should be eaten in the form of puree.

Drinking with laryngitis should be warm (not hot) and plentiful enough. All funds should be drunk in small sips. Borjomi, milk and sage will help to cope with the disease.

Folk remedies

Before using folk remedies for laryngitis, it is recommended to consult with your doctor.

1. At the first manifestations of laryngitis, it is advisable to drink more warm drinks. Tea should be decaffeinated, as caffeine has a dehydrating effect.
2. Two teaspoons of calamus pour a glass of boiling water, insist for 5 hours, use to gargle. 3 teaspoons of chopped onion peel pour 0.5 liters of water, boil and insist for 4 hours, filter and use to gargle.
3. Great for treating laryngitis at home gargling with blueberry decoctions, beetroot juice and homemade apple cider vinegar solution. With a false croup, the child is shown hot foot baths (the duration of the procedure is 3-5 minutes).
4. Mogul-mogul. To prepare, beat two yolks with a tablespoon of sugar, then add a tablespoon of ghee and mix thoroughly. It is believed that the use of this remedy for 4-5 days twice a day helps to restore the voice.
5. Adults from laryngitis are recommended to use the following recipe: 3 finely chopped carrots are boiled in 1 liter of milk until cooked, the broth can be rinsed and taken orally.
6. Add egg white to 100 ml of vegetable oil, mix thoroughly. Drink in small sips throughout the day.
7. Vitamin teas from linden, mountain ash, black elderberry which can be drunk twice a day. Frozen viburnum is indispensable, which is also added to tea or eaten in its pure form.
8. Another good folk remedy - tea with ginger and honey- the root is rubbed on a fine grater and added to tea, about 2 teaspoons of freshly grated ginger per 200 ml of boiling water, we eat honey, but only as a bite, do not add to boiling water.

During treatment, and especially at home, it is important to listen to your body! If you feel significant inconvenience and worsening of the symptoms of laryngitis, it is better not to tempt fate and change the treatment method to a more proven one.

Prevention of laryngitis

Prevention of laryngitis in adults implies the prevention of factors leading to the development of the disease.

• Remember that even some drugs can cause the mucous membrane to dry out, so read the instructions before drinking.
• Timely treatment of colds and chronic bacterial foci.
• In the event of an acute respiratory disease or acute respiratory viral infection, adherence to the regimen (home regimen, warm, plentiful drink, sparing the voice - speak softly or in a whisper, do not be nervous, do not walk, exclude physical activity).
• Combat bad habits (smoking, alcohol).
• You should also not forget about simple things, such as wet cleaning of premises: dust is paramount, which can irritate absolutely any mucous membrane.
• Sports.

Laryngitis is not a serious disease, but its neglected cases sometimes require surgical intervention. To prevent this, it needs to be treated in a timely manner and to the end. To do this, we recommend that at the first sign, contact an otolaryngologist.

Acute laryngitis is quite common in adults. Regardless of the cause, the symptoms of this inflammatory disease are almost always the same. But the treatment can be different. If it is taken on time and in full, recovery usually occurs in 5-7 days.

If you look at medical statistics, acute laryngitis occurs more often in children than in adults. This is easily explained by the fact that the immune system of adults is stronger, they do not “catch” a viral or bacterial infection so often, their larynx is wider, and the mucous membrane is not so loose. But, according to all the same statistics, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the larynx in adulthood is more often an independent disease. In small patients, it occurs simultaneously or subsequently with another inflammatory process in the respiratory system.

Why acute laryngitis occurs in adults can have very different reasons:

How does acute laryngitis manifest itself?

Symptoms of an acute form of laryngitis develop after an irritant of an infectious or non-infectious nature gets on the mucous membrane lining the larynx, or it is mechanically damaged. Inflammation occurs, which is manifested by edema, hyperemia (the mucous membrane turns red, the local temperature rises), the appearance of hemorrhages, and pain of varying intensity.

At the same time, adults have such complaints:

How is acute inflammation of the larynx diagnosed?

Diagnosis of an acute form of laryngitis combines:

A differential diagnosis of acute laryngitis with cancer, tuberculosis or syphilis of the larynx, sarcoidosis, and other diseases that have similar symptoms is also carried out.

How do adults treat laryngitis?

Acute laryngitis should not be confused with the commonplace SARS and hope that it will go away on its own, even if it is not treated. This usually doesn't happen. An accurate diagnosis of this disease, the identification of the causes that caused it, and complex treatment are necessary, clearly according to the scheme determined by the doctor. Otherwise, negative consequences are possible in the form of the spread of infection to the bronchi and lungs, chronic inflammation in the larynx, which are longer and more difficult to treat. The disease can also give complications to the heart, other organs and body systems.

Treatment of the acute form of laryngitis in adults is carried out by traditional and folk methods.

Traditionally, the disease will have to be treated with drugs of different directions:

• Antiviral (Amiksin, Amizon, Aflubin, Ergoferon, Oscillococcinum), antibacterial (Ospamox, Summamed, Augmentin, Azithromycin) or antifungal (Fluconazole, Ketoconazole) drugs, depending on the cause.

• Anti-inflammatory drugs and antiseptics in the form of aerosols (Angileks, Ingalipt), tablets, lozenges, lozenges (Strepsils, Septefril, Faringosept, Decatilen), rinse solutions (Miramistin, Lugol), inhalation solutions (Dekasan, saline).

All these drugs should be taken only as directed by a doctor. He can also refer you to physiotherapy and recommend what alternative methods of treating inflammation of the larynx in adults can be used to speed up recovery.

Today, many adults suffer from a wide variety of diseases that have different symptoms and consequences. One of these is laryngitis.

Laryngitis is called inflammation of the larynx, which in most cases is associated with colds or infectious diseases: scarlet fever, measles, whooping cough. This disease can develop with hypothermia, as a result of constant mouth breathing, too dusty air, smoking and drinking alcohol, as well as overexertion of the larynx.

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The main causes of the disease

It occurs for completely different reasons. Often, the disease is directly related to the deterioration of the protection of the immune system and the simultaneous attack by some virus or with severe hypothermia of the whole organism. In addition, there are mechanical causes, such as serious injuries or burns.

The disease is also directly related to some other factors, which include the most common phenomena: the dustiness of the room, various inflammatory processes occurring in the human body, respiratory disorders and an excessively high timbre of the voice.

Chronic course of laryngitis, like many other diseases, is associated with improper treatment of a disease such as ARVI or too frequent colds. Also, the reasons may be allergic reactions to various components, work at chemical enterprises for a long time.

Occurrence factors:

• Cold;
• Flu;
• bacterial infections;
• allergic reactions;
• Gas, steam, polluted air;
• Mechanical damage to the larynx.

The list of additional reasons includes a long stay in a room with dry and hot air, a strong overstrain of the vocal cords, chronic foci of inflammation in the nasopharynx and respiratory failure through the nose.

Symptoms of laryngitis in adults

During the pronunciation of speech, the human vocal cords vibrate, due to which sounds appear. However, with laryngitis, they swell strongly. At the same time, the airways are noticeably narrowed, as a result of which it becomes difficult to breathe,. The larynx is edematous, and the vocal cords are not fully connected. There is dryness in the throat, slight pain when swallowing water and food,. There may be a loss of voice. Also accompanied by laryngitis headaches and fever.

The acute course develops quickly, lasts for 1-2 weeks.

From the foregoing, the following signs of laryngitis can be distinguished:

• General weakness, headache;
• hyperemia of the mucous membrane of the larynx, in severe cases, bleeding is possible;
• voice change - quiet, hoarse, sometimes silent;
• sensation of sore throat, the appearance of pain when swallowing;
• difficulty breathing due to swelling of the vocal cords;
• cough at the beginning dry, "barking", later with sputum;
• an increase in body temperature, usually up to 37.5 C.

Types of laryngitis

There are several varieties of laryngitis, each of which has its own symptoms and differs from the other type in the form of the disease.

catarrhal laryngitis- a simple form of the disease. Its symptoms include soreness in the throat and hoarseness, as well as a systematic barking cough.

hypertrophic- Manifested by a strong hoarseness of voice, constant tickling and coughing. In this case, small growths appear on the ligaments, due to which hoarseness occurs.

atrophic- is a manifestation of thinning of the mucous membrane of the larynx. In addition, there are complaints of constant dryness in the mouth and a hoarse voice. In some cases, crusts with small blood streaks come off during coughing. In most cases, it occurs as a result of eating spicy dishes with different spices. As a rule, this damages not only the larynx, but also the back wall of the pharynx.

Professional- a special type of disease. It occurs with frequent tension of the vocal cords.

diphtheria- due to the fact that such an infectious disease as diphtheria spreads from the tonsils to the larynx. It is characterized by a coating of the mucous membrane with a white coating. Sometimes it separates, which causes malfunction of the airways near the vocal cords.

tuberculous laryngitis- is secondary and is observed if it begins to spread from the lungs. At the same time, nodular thickenings are formed in the tissues of the larynx, which resemble tubercles, and the cartilage of the larynx and epiglottis may also collapse.

Syphilitic is one of several complications of syphilis. At first, mucous plaques and small sores may occur, then scars can be observed that deform the vocal cords with the larynx and cause irreversible hoarseness.

Diagnostic methods

In order to identify laryngitis, it is necessary to undergo an examination: the doctor examines the vocal cords and checks the sound of the voice.

As a rule, after a few days, the symptoms of laryngitis disappear. However, if they begin to progress sharply, then you should definitely seek help from a doctor. The doctor in this case studies the history, probes the neck to determine the presence of inflamed lymph nodes. In addition, he examines the nose, mouth and throat.

In what cases should you consult a doctor?

You should contact a specialist if:

• Symptoms do not disappear after two weeks;
• there was a sharp and severe pain when swallowing food;
• expectoration of blood is observed;
• suspicion of the presence of any other disease;
• the disease begins to become chronic.

In some cases, additional tests may be needed: laryngoscopy or video stroboscopy.

Differential Diagnosis

First of all, it is carried out to determine the chronic and acute forms of laryngitis. Also with the manifestation of symptoms such as pharyngeal abscess or diphtheria of the larynx. The use of a differential diagnosis is also characteristic in the presence of viral diseases.

Ways to treat the disease

Requires obligatory adherence to generally accepted rules:

• It is necessary to provide bed rest and limit the intensity of physical activity. An equally important factor is regular airing of the room and drinking plenty of water, as well as taking vitamins;
• It is forbidden to smoke and drink alcoholic beverages;
• It is necessary to humidify the room where the patient is located with a humidifier;
• During the week, the patient should talk as little as possible so that the vocal cords are completely at rest;
• Useful medical procedures are regular gargling, warm drinks, inhalations;
• Exclude from the daily diet various dishes that may contain spicy spices.

Acute treatment

In most cases, a diffuse form is observed, when the entire mucous membrane of the larynx is completely inflamed. In some people, the inflammatory process can also spread to the mucous membrane in the trachea. Treatment consists in eliminating the factors that cause laryngitis.

In addition to following the general principles, it is necessary to carry out treatment with drugs:

• Antibiotics - with a bacterial course, usually in the form of aerosols. (, bioparox, lysobact;
• - with a viral course of the disease;
• expectorant drugs -,;
• antihistamines - with severe swelling of the larynx;

Folk remedies

• Regular drinking of warm milk and mineral water.
• Tea with ginger and honey - the root is rubbed on a fine grater and added to tea, about 2 teaspoons of freshly grated ginger per 200 ml of boiling water, we eat honey, but only as a bite, do not add to boiling water.
• Gargle regularly with decoctions of sage leaves - it has a local anti-inflammatory agent of plant origin;
• With a prolonged cough, a decoction or powder of ipecac is prescribed;
• Hot foot baths are also not superfluous, which are done for about thirty minutes.
• Mustard wraps and alcohol wraps.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapeutic methods include sollux on the front of the neck, UVI, as well as electrophoresis in the larynx area. With such a disease, both microwave therapy and UHF are carried out. In case of detection of a severe form of acute laryngitis, it is necessary to carry out regular instillations, when a suspension of hydrocortisone is poured into the larynx. All procedures must be carried out systematically, regardless of the form of the disease.

Inhalation for laryngitis

To obtain a rapid therapeutic effect with minimal adverse effects, many drugs are administered directly into the respiratory tract using inhalation devices.

There are 3 ways to deliver drugs to the respiratory tract:

• Metered aerosol inhalers;
• metered powder inhalers;
• nebulizers.

All methods are effective for diseases of the larynx, before using these inhalers, you should consult a doctor.

Prevention

Prevention consists in stabbing the body and a healthy lifestyle. To begin with, you should do the prevention of colds, you should not touch your nose with your mouth with dirty hands and contact people who are suffering. In addition, you need to spend more time in the fresh air, but you need to make sure that the body does not get cold, and the vocal cords are always warm. It is not recommended to breathe dust, as well as highly humidified and hot air.

Experts advise to regularly undergo dispensary observation, to perform non-drug therapy, for which medicinal plants are used.

In order not to get sick with laryngitis, you should adhere to a healthy lifestyle and do not neglect the advice of doctors.

At the same time, even the most minor symptoms should not be ignored, because they can turn into a more severe form, which can be very dangerous for human health. Therefore, it is better to immediately contact a therapist or an otolaryngologist, undergo an examination and a course of treatment.

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